To The Owner/Operator Off-the-road tires are expensive pieces of equipment They are engineered and built with massive strength to support today’s equipment. This equipment is carrying ever increasing heavier loads at higher speeds and over longer distances than ever before. Years of research and development have resulted in tires that can offer long service lives under these conditions. High strength carcasses have been developed to offer more load carrying capacity. New, tougher, higher quality components have improved durability. Improved rubber technology has helped to improve carcass durability, tread wear and hazard resistance ability. Still, there is a limit to the abuse and punishment any tire will take. Too many end up on a scrap pile because operators ignore common sense driving and operational practices. Others go out of service prematurely because they were not properly maintained. This manual, based on long term, extensive OTR field experience and practice, is designed to provide the information needed to help achieve maximum service life for both the end user and the equipment manufacturer. If followed, these recommendations will also help lower ton mile or tonne kilometer costs, improve equipment productivity and promote operating profits. This Booklet Applies To Earthmover Tires And Their Applications Only. It Does Not Apply To Other Tire Lines And Applications 1 CONTENTS Section I - Maintenance and Operations Construction Features ..................................................................................... 4 Basic Factors in Tire Maintenance.....................................................................5 Tires and Operating Conditions .........................................................................7 Project/Mine Manager and Job Superintendent Responsibilities ......................7 Engineering Department Responsibilities..........................................................7 Operations/Production Department Responsibilities .........................................8 Conscientious Operation by Drivers ...............................................................10 Shovel/Wheel Loader Operators ....................................................................10 Loader/Dozer Operators .................................................................................11 Grader Operators ............................................................................................11 Watertruck or Wagon Operators .....................................................................12 Scraper Operators ...........................................................................................12 Tire Department Responsibilities ....................................................................12 Overinflation/Underinflation ............................................................................12 Correct Tire Inflation / Proper Tire Inflation ......................................................14 Essential Parts of a sound Inflation Maintenance Program .............................15 Matching of Tires on Rear Duals ....................................................................16 How to Calculate Loads and Load Distribution................................................18 Burned Beads .................................................................................................19 Repairs ...........................................................................................................21 Recapping........................................................................................................22 Handling and Storage of Tires, Tubes and Rims .............................................22 New Tires.........................................................................................................22 Used Tires .......................................................................................................23 Mounted Tires .................................................................................................23 Tubes ..............................................................................................................23 Section II - Procedure for Changing Tires and Tubes Nitrogen Inflation..............................................................................................24 Tire Changing Equipment and Tools................................................................25 Safety Instructions ...........................................................................................26 General ............................................................................................................26 Demounting .....................................................................................................26 Inspection ........................................................................................................27 Mounting and Inflation .....................................................................................29 Operation ........................................................................................................31 Servicing Tire and Rim on Machine .................................................................33 Demounting Procedures ..................................................................................35 Demounting Instructions - Semi Drop-Center Wheels.....................................36 Demounting Instructions - Single Piece Wheels..............................................38 Horizontal Demounting 25”- 49” Diameter Rims..............................................40 2 Horizontal Demounting 51” and Larger HDT Rims ..........................................42 Vertical Demounting Tires on a Machine ........................................................44 Demounting Tube-Type Off-The-Highway Tires ..............................................46 Inflation Procedures for Proper Mounting ........................................................46 Mounting Off-The-Road Tires .........................................................................47 Mounting Bias Off-The-Road Tires on EM Rims..............................................49 Mounting Radial Off-The-Road Tires on EM Rims ..........................................52 Mounting Radial Off-The-Road Tires on Single Piece Wheels ........................55 Mounting Tires on a Machine ..........................................................................57 Mounting Tube-Type Off-The-Highway Tires ..................................................60 Section III - Tire Selection for Expected Service Conditions Tire Selection Criteria .....................................................................................61 Higher vs. Lower Inflation Pressure. ...............................................................62 Ton Mile Per Hour (TMPH/TKPH) Requirement ..............................................63 The Work Capability Factor (WCF)..................................................................65 Job Conditions ................................................................................................67 Ballasted Tires .................................................................................................68 Earthmover Tires Bias Construction – Haulage Service .............................................................71 Bias Construction – Haulage - Scraper Service ..............................................72 Bias Construction – Dozer/Loader Service .....................................................73 Bias Construction – Grader Service. ..............................................................75 Bias Construction – Mine Service ...................................................................76 Bias Construction – Port and Container Service ............................................76 Radial Construction – Scraper Service ...........................................................77 Radial Construction – Articulated Dump Truck Service ..................................78 Radial Construction – Haulage Service ..........................................................79 Radial Construction – Dozer/Loader Service...................................................80 Radial Construction – Loader/Underground Mine Service ..............................82 Radial Construction – Mobile Crane Service ...................................................82 Radial Construction – Grader Service ............................................................83 Section IV - Load and Inflations For Goodyear Off-The-Road Tires Index ...............................................................................................................84 3 SECTION 1 Construction Features Basic Design Earthmover tires are produced in three basic constructions: • Bias • Bias/Belted • Radial All share a common nomenclature. Tread The part of the tire in contact with the ground. It must provide traction, long wear and cut resistance. The tread depth and design vary based on site and application. Fig. 1 Bias Tire Carcass Contains the inflation medium. The greater its strength, the greater the pressure it can hold. Bias and bias/belted tire carcasses use many angled plies of fabric to achieve strength. Radials have one ply of steel wire. Breakers (Belts) These are placed between the tread and carcass. They help to join these parts. They also distribute road shock to protect the carcass. In bias/belted and radial constructions, they control the diameter of the tire. They also impart superior tread impact and penetration resistance. Fig. 1B Bias/Belted Tire Bead Bundles of high tensile steel wire. They anchor the tire to the rim. Bias and bias/belted tires may have several bead bundles. Radials have one large bead bundle. Fig. 1C Radial Tire Sidewalls The protective rubber cover on the side of a tire. The rubber is compounded to flex without cracking. It also resists cuts and Tread Carcass Breakers Bead 4 Inner Liner A specially formulated rubber compound inside the tire that minimizes permeation. It works with the rim and O-ring to contain the inflation medium in tubeless designs. forms a barrier to protect the carcass from the weather. Basic Factors Tire Maintenance UNDEFLECTED (Zero Load) NORMAL DEFLECTION (Rated Load/Inflation) Deflection Many people think that deflection describes the bulge at the bottom of a loaded tire. Actually, this bulge occurs as a result of deflection. OVERDEFLECTION (Overload and/or Underinflation) Static Loaded Radius is measured with the weight of the vehicle and payload on the tire. Static means that the tire is standing still. The deflection is the difference between the Unloaded Radius and Static Loaded Radius. This is the same distance that the axle lowers when the vehicle is fully loaded. Deflection really describes the change in the tire’s radius when a normal load is applied. The radius is measured from the center of the axle/hub to the ground (See Figure 2, above). Deflection is extremely important. Engineers design tires to operate at a certain percentage of deflection. Operating with too much deflection reduces tire life. Unloaded Radius is measured with no weight on the tire. The tire is mounted on a rim and inflated to working pressure. The tire is stood and supported so the tread touches the ground. However, no load is applied (ie. not even the weight of the tire and rim). Load and Pressure Relationship Each tire is designed to carry a specific load at a specific inflation pressure. (Load/Inflation Tables are in the back of this book). When the tire is inflated to the correct 5 A2 5 mph 10 kmph B 30 mph 50 kmph E 43 mph 70 kmph pressure for the load, deflection will be within design limits. Loading a tire above the specified limit will result in overdeflection. NOTE: none of the terms (PR, Symbol, Star, LISS) indicate the actual number of plies. Inflating a tire above the specified limit will result in underdeflection. There are factors other than inflation pressure which affect tire load capacity. Larger tires (with larger internal air volumes) can carry higher loads at the same pressure. WARNING Overinflation and or overloading can lead to a tire explosion. This can lead to death, serious injury or property damage. Do not overinflate or overload OTR tires. Load capacity also varies with speed. The tire standards associations (T&RA, ETRTO and JATMA) publish tables of maximum loads at specified speeds. These tables correspond to: For a given tire size, inflation pressure determines how much load can be carried (the inflation medium can be air or nitrogen). • 30 MPH (50 KMPH) for scrapers, trucks. THE MOST IMPORTANT AND CRITICAL PART OF TIRE MAINTENANCE IS MAINTAINING PROPER INFLATION PRESSURE. • 25 MPH (40 KMPH) for graders. Loads • Drive-away speeds for roading equipment. • 5 MPH (10 KMPH) for dozers, loaders. The inflation pressure carries the load. The tire’s pressure capacity is determined by its carcass strength. Operators sometimes overload tires. They are willing to sacrifice tire performance for fewer trips or higher production (bigger loads). Carcass strength is indicated by a ply rating (PR) for bias and bias/belted tires. Symbol or Star Ratings are used to indicate radial tire strength (symbol and star mean the same thing). Some Off-the-road tires are marked with Load Indexes and Speed Symbols. A Load Index is a numerical code associated with the maximum load a tire can carry at the speed indicated by the Speed Symbol under specified service conditions. A Speed Symbol indicates the maximum speed that the tire was designed to operate under specified service conditions. Some Earthmover Speed symbols are: Fig. 3. Ply separation/fatigue due to overloading. Even a slight, but constant, overload will result in reduced tire performance. This 6 leads directly to a higher cost per ton mile or kilometer. Project or Mine Manager and Job Superintendent Responsibilities Overloading may lead to premature tire failure. If inflation pressure is not adjusted to heavier loads, tires will become unserviceable due to: Successful tire cost management and control begins with top management. Their involvement in the program will emphasize its importance. They are also in the best position to anticipate changes in tire requirements. • Tread and ply separation. • Disintegration of the carcass and inner liner (fatigue). • Radial sidewall cracking. • Excessive bead chafing. Changes often occur as a project progresses. For example, hauls may get longer. Higher speeds or heavier loads may be required to maintain production. These may require a change in tires or equipment used. Overloads with the inflation adjusted to compensate may exceed the carcass strength. This will result in: A keen, dedicated, cost conscious, tirewise manager or superintendent will be aware of these ongoing changes. Appropriate tires and equipment can then be ordered as needed. • Impact breaks and cuts. • Rapid wear. • Fabric fatigue (loss of nylon cord or steel cables strength). Engineering Department Responsibilities Tires and Operating Conditions Haulroad design plays an important role in tire cost control. Both tire wear and hazard exposure can be minimized by proper design. This is especially true on larger projects where roads are used for a long time. Tires represent one of the major direct expenses in off-the-road (OTR) equipment operations. Regular maintenance will help OTR tires last longer. Longer life translates directly to a lower cost per ton-mile. Layout and surface condition of the haulroad affect tire life. Every OTR project should have a tire maintenance program. The program should be overseen by a team which includes members from: Steep grades, sharp turns, poor superelevation increase tire slippage resulting in fast, abrasive tread wear. Imbedded or loose rocks increase tread cutting, sidewall cutting, and impact break hazards. They often lead to speed restrictions which reduce production. Equipment breakdown and maintenance costs also increase. • Project Management /Job Superintendent. • Engineering Department Representative. • Operations/Mining Department. • Maintenance Department Representative. • Tire Department Representative. Tire company representatives can serve as a resource for the OTR tire team. 7 Poor drainage leads to mud and chuck holes. These result in tire spinning, fast tread wear, cuts and increased vehicle fuel usage. Vehicle travel speed affects the need for superelevation more than curve radius. Table 1 shows the effects of different speeds and radii on superelevation requirements. TABLE 1 Vehicle MPH 15 30 15 30 Speed KPH 24 48 24 48 Curve Radius SuperElev FT M Grade Reqd. 200 200 400 400 61 61 122 122 7.5% 30% 3.5% 15% In actual practice, haulroad superelevation seldom exceeds 4-5%. This minimizes top dressing flow in rainy or wet operating conditions. In addition, site size, topography and ground conditions often restrict curve radii. Reduced speed on curves is the most practical way to minimize centrifugal side forces on tires. The cost of equipment and labor to maintain haulroads is significant. However, the cost of delays and tire and equipment repair is far greater. The U.S.A. Department of the Interior publication, Design of Surface Mine Haulage Roads Bureau of Mines Information Circular 8758, contains additional information on mine/project haulage road design. Permanent haulroad criteria should be: 1) Maximum grade not to exceed 7%. 2) Road width to allow two trucks to pass without spillage. A two lane road should be 3.5 times the widest vehicle. A three lane road 5.0 times the widest vehicle. Operations Department Responsibilities The people who operate equipment play a very key role in how well tires perform. 3) Road crown, slope or crossfall as flat as possible and still drain. Typical road crown is 2%- 4% (2.5”-5.0” drop per 10’ of lane width/6.4 cm-12.7 cm drop per 3.0 meters of lane width). Driver/operator education should include more than how to drive. Drivers who learn and follow tire procedures to identify and avoid tire obstructions help reduce tire costs. These rules include: 4) Curve radii as large as possible. Haulroads should be superelevated to correspond to vehicle travel speeds. Superelevation minimizes the variation in tire load while transversing a curve which may lead to longer tire life. 1) Visually inspect all tires and perform hot inflation checks at the start of each shift. 8 5) Never turn front steering axle tires when the vehicle is standing. This creates very high stress and sheer forces within the tires. 2) Keep front windshield, headlights and rear view mirrors clean. This provides good visibility needed to avoid hazards. 3) Check to be sure rear axle rock ejectors are in place and working properly (Fig. 6). Remove rocks lodged between dual tires (Fig. 7). 6) Keep off windrows. These are often present when haulroads are being graded. 7) Do not drive on the berm of the road. Obstructions are often present. 8) Do not drive over spillage. Spillage can damage tires. Report it so that it can be cleaned up (Fig. 8). Fig. 8. Fig. 6. 9) Do not drive or back over rocks at shovel or dump areas. (Fig. 9) Fig. 7. Fig. 9. 4) Avoid waterholes/potholes as they could hide submerged tire hazards. 10) Do not spin tires. This includes jackrabbit starts and locked brake stops. 9 Check tires for damage due to machine obstructions. Spring clips, fender bolts and other components may clear tires in normal service. Under unusual operating conditions, vehicle body movement may cause contact with tires. Cutting or abrasion can result. Dry, caked mud and wedged rocks are also tire hazards. 11) Reduce speed in areas where underfoot conditions continuously change. Conditions in shovel and dump areas change with each load. The condition of secondary roadways is unpredictable. Conscientious Operation by Drivers Careful drivers avoid road obstructions that cause cuts and impact breaks. They do not spin drive wheels and cause excessive tread wear. Good drivers see that mechanical problems are corrected promptly. This includes correct front axle alignment, correct strut settings, no loose or broken springs and no grabbing brakes. Good drivers regularly check for leaky grease fittings. Oil and grease can causes rapid deterioration of tires. Fig. 11. Grease and oil are highly damaging to tires. Good drivers check rims and flanges regularly. Bent, chipped, broken or improperly sized flanges strain the bead. Rust, oil or grease on rim assemblies leads to rubber deterioration which will lead to a shorter service life. Fig. 12. A machine obstruction takes a bite out of this tire tread at each revolution. In addition to these general guidelines, operators should develop good work habits. These will vary by the type of equipment and operation. Fig. 10.This tire was worn smooth in 500 hours by spinning on abrasive material. Shovel/Wheel Loader Operators Check inflation pressures and request adjustment if needed. Control spillage and maintain a level working pad at loading areas. 10 1) Do not overload haulage trucks. 4) Station a cleanup dozer at each loading area. Its responsibility is to immediately clear any spillage that does occur. It should also help keep the area as level as possible. 2) Properly center load in bed of truck. This distributes the load on the wheels correctly and reduces spillage. (Fig. 13) Loader/Dozer Operators 1) Travel slowly between work locations. Thick, heavy loader/dozer tires quickly generate internal heat. This heat dissipates slowly. Excess heat can result in tread separation. 2) Use ballast at recommended fill levels where recommended (See page 68 for additional discussion). Fig. 13. Correct truck payload positioning. 3) In load and carry operations, do not exceed tire’s Work Capability Factor (WCF) (See page 65 for additional discussion). 4) Avoid tire spin. Use hydraulics to crowd into the bank or pile. 5) Use bucket to clear a path or level the surface. This will provide smooth, clean footing for the dozer and other vehicles. Fig. 13a. Incorrect truck payload positioning 3) Properly mate dragline, shovel or wheel loader to trucks being loaded. Excessive spillage is caused when loading equipment is too large for the truck (Fig. 13b). Loading different size trucks with the same shovel almost always creates spillage. 6) Bucket should be wider than the outside-to-outside width of tires on front axle. This will prevent or minimize damage to the sidewalls. Loader wings should be added to help prevent tire damage. Grader Operators 1) Patrol haulroads and clean up spillage. Main roads where haulage speeds are highest should get the most attention. Two graders should work roads where haulage vehicles are wider than a single grader blade. 2) Don’t leave high windrows. They can cause damage to haulage truck tires. Tandem patrols help to reduce grader created windrows. Fig. 13b. Loading equipment too large for truck. 11 3) Create and maintain road crown to provide proper drainage. 5) Check for and remove any rocks lodged between vehicle frame and between rear duals. 4) Fill depressions and dips in the road. This will eliminate excessive tire deflection on high speed haulage vehicles. Tire Department Responsibilities The most important item in a tire maintenance program is a sound, regular inflation maintenance program. Watertruck or Wagon Operators Limit watering to control dust. Inflation supports and carries the load. Inflation must be maintained as specified for the load and service condition. 1) Do not overwater haulroads or work areas. This can lead to unnecessary cuts in tire treads and sidewalls. Tires are designed and built to deflect in service. • Water acts as a lubricant for rubber. • Wet rubber cuts more easily than dry rubber. Inflation pressures are established to assure tires deflect properly. The pressures required vary with the load, speed and type of service. When inflation pressure is too high or too low, the tire does not deflect within design limits. Tires deteriorate quickly under these conditions. 2) Some watering benefits grading operations. 3) Excessive watering of hard packed, smooth surfaces is a safety hazard. Vehicle control/safety is reduced on a slick, wet road surface. Scraper Operators Generally, low speed off-the-road operations allow heavier loads at a given inflation. At high speeds, loads must be decreased. 1) Avoid tire spinning during loading. If a scraper is not designed for self-loading, wait to be push loaded. Recommended loads and inflations should always be the norm. Overinflation 2) Dead stick loading minimizes tire spin. It is essential where ripped rock or rock/earth material is being loaded. Overinflation results in high cord stress even when the tire isn’t overloaded. Stress reduces resistance to loss of inflation from impacts. It also increases the risk of rock cutting. The problem is made worse by poorly maintained haulroads or spillage. 3) Avoid sharp turns. Never make sharp turns while being push loaded. Figures 14 and 15 show typical overinflation damage. Rear tires can be cut and destroyed by the blade of a push dozer. Use a straight not a curved blade on the push dozer. 4) Dump and spread slowly. Whenever possible, avoid driving over rocks in the fill or dump areas. 12 In soft soil, the tire makes an impression. The impression cradles the tire and reduces excess deflection. Inflation can be reduced. Tires operated on hard surfaces do not receive this support. They have to control deflection by inflation pressure. Higher pressures are required. Indirect, but important, advantages of lower inflation pressures include: • Better flotation. • Better traction. • Better resistance to cutting and impact breaks. Fig. 14.This break resulted from a severe blow while overinflated. Fig. 16. Fig. 17. Fig. 15. Rapid air loss like this occurs frequently when tires are overinflated and suffer an impact. Loose or broken cords can result from severe underinflation. Underinflation Radial cracks indicate continuous underinflation and/or overload operation. (Fig. 17) An underinflated tire will deflect too much leading to excessive sidewall flexing. Continuous operation results in heat buildup in a tire. The hot air expands as a result of the increase in temperature. The tire’s carcass restricts this expansion so pressure increases. Underinflation typically results in: • • • • Irregular or uneven tread wear. Sidewall radial cracks. Ply separation. Loose or broken cords inside the tire. • Fabric carcass fatigue. (Fig. 16) • Belt edge separation In normal off-the-road operation this does not cause deterioration. The pressure becomes stabilized when internal heating is balanced by external cooling. Tires operated in soft soil or sand have lower inflation recommendations. Tires operated on paved or hard gravel surfaces have higher inflation recommendations. 13 Incorrect Inflation NOTICE Underinflation results in irreversible damage such as: Don’t bleed hot OTR tires to correct buildup of air pressure. 1) Carcass fatigue. Bleeding air pressure will result in dangerous underinflation. As the tire cools at the end of the day, inflation pressure will drop. The tire will be seriously underinflated at the start of the next shift or day. 2) Tubeless liner failure. 3) Tread, ply or bead area separation. Overinflation can be as serious as underinflation: Even if the tire is operated through the night, underinflation will occur. Cooler night air will cause the tire to run cooler. Inflation pressure will drop. The tire will suffer excessive deflection and flexing. Damage is inevitable. 1) Overinflation overstresses the tire carcass. 2) It reduces the tire’s ability to envelope irregular objects in the travel path. 3) It causes a loss of traction. Bleeding tire pressure actually begins a vicious cycle. Reduced pressure causes increased deflection and flexing. These generate heat. Pressure builds up again. The tire is bled to reduce pressure and the cycle repeats. It continues until a complete tire breakdown results. 4) It makes tires more vulnerable to spin cuts and shock load damage. 5) It reduces flotation in soft ground. 6) It produces a hard ride and vehicle vibration. This contributes to: • Payload spillage. • Poor vehicle handling. • Operator fatigue. Proper attention to tire inflation, loads and speeds is the best prevention of tire related problems. These factors need especially careful attention in hot weather. Proper Tire Inflation Procedures Correct air pressure only when tires are at ambient temperatures. Recommended inflation pressures are always based on a cold reading. A cold tire is one: Correct Tire Inflation: 1) That has been idle at least 24 hours. 1) Assures load carrying ability. 2) Has reached ambient temperatures. 2) Avoids damage due to run-low or runflat operation. Carcass fatigue, (tubeless) liner failure and radial cracks are the most common signs of damage. Proper inflation for each wheel position should be determined. Ideally, this is based on actual tire loads determined by an on site weight study. 3) Reduces tread separation due to overdeflection. When actual wheel loads aren’t known, tires should be inflated to the pressure recommended for the size and ply rating. 4) Reduces impact breaks, bruise damage, tread cuts and penetration. When checking cold inflation pressures the correct pressure is: 5) Reduces irregular and rapid tread wear. Cold pressure + 5 PSI (+.25 Bar), - 0 PSI. 14 Inflation pressure recommendations vary with the type of service. The type of service also determines the operating speeds: • Press the valve core briefly and release a small quantity of air. This cleaning procedure will help assure an accurate reading and prevent damage to the gauge. • Haulage units (earthmoving, mining, logging, etc.): 30 MPH/50 KPH maximum speed. • Dozer/loader units (shovels, mining cars, loaders, etc.): 5 MPH/10 KPH maximum speed. • Road graders: 25 MPH/40 KPH maximum speed. 6) Use a valve cap on every valve. It acts as the primary air seal. It also helps to prevent dirt, dust and water damage to the core. Special service conditions also impose speed limits based on tire load and construction. These special applications include compactor, sand, straddle carriers, driveaway and intermittent highway use. Load and inflation tables for all types of service are in the back of this book. Essential Parts of a Sound Inflation Maintenance Program 7) Check spuds, stems and extensions. Be sure all joints are tight and secure to avoid leaks in service. 1) Cold inflation checks and adjustments should be made once a week. Hot checks should be made daily. 8) Use valve extensions or hosing for easy access for inflation checks. 9) Compressors: 2) Never bleed air from a hot tire to correct pressure. Normal equipment operation causes inflation pressure to increase. A hot pressure increase up to 20% is acceptable. • Must have a minimum, capacity of 150 PSI (10.0 Bar). • Compressors must have water trap assemblies to prevent moisture inside tires. • Moisture can: If excessive pressure is present, find and fix the cause. Bleeding air will result in serious underinflation and tire damage. – rust rim parts. – plug valve stems with rust from rims or ice crystals. – reduce pressure gauge life and accuracy. – complicate dismounting procedures. 3) Record inflation pressure every time it is checked. Records provide information that can be used to detect problems and schedule preventive maintenance. 4) Accurate pressure gauges must be used. Service gauges must be calibrated with a master gauge once a week. 5) Before placing pressure gauge on valve: 10) Use a new, correctly sized O-ring each time a tire is changed. Use a new grommet on tubeless spuds. • Clean any dust, dirt, grease or other matter from tip of valve stem. 11) Thoroughly clean rims and rim parts before mounting tires. Wire brush: 15 • • • • bead seat areas. flanges. O-ring and lock-ring grooves. lock ring. This average difference should be added to the recommended inflation pressure for tires in constant operation. A tire that shows a significant variation from the average pressure could have a problem. The vehicle should be stood down until the cause can be determined. Bare metal must be painted or coated with rust inhibitor. If necessary, sandblast components to bare metal and paint with rust preventative paint. N O TE : Cold inflation checks should be done at every opportunity. These include holiday and weekend shutdowns or regular vehicle maintenance periods. Clean components are easier to mount. They also allow a more thorough inspection for stress cracks, broken welds and other damage. Matching of Duals Tire assemblies operated as a dual pair must: 12) Store rim components in a dry area to prevent rust and corrosion. • Have the same outside diameter (Within variation listed below). • Be from the same manufacturer. • Be of the same type (industry code). • Be of the same construction (both bias or both radials). • Separate components for storage (don’t store assembled rims). • Be sure components are properly matched before mounting tires. 13) The use of nitrogen inflation is recommended (See page 24). Bias and radial constructions must never be mixed on dual assemblies. • It reduces rim corrosion. • It reduces the risk of auto-ignition (tire explosion) from an external heat source. These include: vehicle fires, hot brakes or lightening strikes. Tires on dual assemblies must match in size. If they do not, they will not carry equal shares of the load. The larger tire will carry a greater load. It will wear faster than its smaller partner. It will also suffer greater stress which makes it vulnerable to damage. To be effective, nitrogen must be used for all maintenance refills. The smaller tire will also suffer irregular scuff wear. This will lead to early replacement. Hot Inflation Checks When vehicles operate around the clock, cold inflation checks may not be possible. In addition to fast wear, mismatching may result in axle breaks and difficult steering. A hot tire correction factor can be determined by experiment: Maximum diameter variation for duals should be: • Check as many tires as possible when cold. • Check the same tires after four hours of normal operation. • Determine the average difference in cold and hot inflation pressure. O . D . D i ff e r e n c e Ti re Si ze (I n c h e s/ M M ) Through 8.25-20 0.25 Inch/7 mm. 9.00-20 through 21.00-35 0.5 Inch/13 mm. 24.00-35 through 33.00-51 0.75 Inch/19 mm. 36.00-51 and larger 1.00 Inch/25 mm. 16 Circumferential measurement is a more accurate guide for larger tires. The circumference is measured with a steel tape. For accuracy, tires must be measured mounted on rims and inflated. Tire and Rim Association (T&RA) European Tire and Rim Technical Organization (ETRTO) This is an organization of technical representatives from all tire and rim equipment manufacturers. Its purpose is to set industry standards/guidelines. Located in Brussels, Belgium, this group is very similar to the T&RA. It too sets standards and issues recommendations followed by industry suppliers. This results in common dimensional measurements and load/inflation relationships beneficial to equipment users. Its work has prevented chaos in the sizes and types of equipment available. This makes rims, tubes, valves and other components widely interchangeable. It also gives equipment operators easy access to replacement parts and service. ETRTO data are expressed in metric units. T&RA data are expressed in English and metric units. They are not necessarily identical. The Association also establishes load and inflation recommendations. These are used by equipment manufacturers in the design of their machines. ETRTO data are not formula conversions of English units. They are independent recommendations. They are based on engineering principles and field experience of the group’s members. When available, ETRTO data are included in the load/inflation tables in this book. However, ETRTO standards do not exist for all sizes. Where a size is not covered, SI (System International) conversion formulas are used. The T&RA yearbook contains many references to load and inflation tables. These recommendations are based on the best engineering principles. They have been refined over years of actual field experience. Importantly, they are based on information gathered from the entire industry, not a single manufacturer. Japan Automobile Tyre Manufacturers Association (JATMA) Located in Tokyo Japan this association is similar to T&RA AND ETRTO. It sets standards and issues recommendations that are followed by type and rim manufacturers. This results in common dimensional measurements and load/inflation relationships which benefit equipment manufacturers and end users. JATMA data is expressed in metric units. due to calculations and rounding the dimensions, loads and inflations of T&RA, ETRTO and JATMA may not be identical but are close. Use the standards/guidelines from the organization from your region of the world. 17 How To Calculate Loads and Load Distribution 1) Empty weight per axle. 2) Weight of payload (estimated if necessary). 3) Measurements shown in Fig. 19. In our formula: A = Distance from front axle to center of payload in inches. B = Distance from rear axle to center of payload in inches. C = Wheelbase in inches. F = Empty weight on front axle. R = Empty weight on rear axle. With this information, the load on each axle can be determined. Load on = (A/C X payload) + R rear axle Load on = (B/C X payload) + F front axle For example, if: A = 108” B = 132” C = 240” F = 10,000 # R = 8,000 # Payload = 36,000# Fig. 18. Scales set and ready for use. The best method is to weigh the loaded machine one axle at a time. When this is impractical, tire load can be estimated with the following formulas. They take into account vehicle designs that result in uneven load distribution on the axles. then Rear Axle Load = (A/C X Payload + R = (108/240 X 36,000) + 8,000 = ( .45 X 36,000) + 8,000 = 16,200 + 8,000 = 24,200 To use the formulas, you need to know: Fig. 19. Center of Load. 18 and Front Axle Load = (B/C X Payload (132/240 X 36,000) ( .55 X 36,000) 19,800 + + + + These percentages give us a ratio: F= 10,000 = 10,000 = 10,000 = 29,800 45:55 = 100. This is important because it applies to any load in that vehicle. Thus, it allows us quickly to calculate the effects of lighter or heavier loads. Our example also shows that the part of the load on each axle is a percentage of the wheelbase. Load Distribution on Other Types of Carriers In our example, the distance from the center of the payload to the front axle is 45% of the wheelbase: The formula may be applied to all types of wheeled machines. Some slight changes in description may be needed, however. 108/240 = .45 = 45% For example, in a tractor/trailer combination: This is the percentage of the load carried by the rear axle. The wheelbase is the distance from the pivot point to the rear axle. The distance from the center of the payload to the rear axle is 55% of the wheelbase: To determine the weight distribution on the tractor: 132/240 = .55 = 55% The pivot point is the center of the load. This is the percentage of the load carried by the front axle. The load on the pivot point is the total payload on the tractor. Burned Beads The machine should be parked outside, remote from all personnel. WARNING Burned beads are very dangerous. They can cause a sudden loss of air that can lead to death, serious injury or property damage. These have been reported more than an hour after a vehicle was parked. DO NOT STAND NEAR A TIRE AND RIM ASSEMBLY WITH A HOT BRAKE. Burned beads are usually caused by brake problems. Excessive braking or dragging brakes are the most common source. Another risk is a loss of inflation long after the machine is parked. When the machine is shut down, cooling air does not circulate. The hot brake quickly transfers heat to the rim base. Air pressure builds and the bead becomes hot and weak. Eventually, an explosive, potentially dangerous rupture may occurs. Excessive braking can result in temperatures up to 500º F (246º C). This heat is transmitted through the brake drum to the rim. The rim heats the inside bead and burns it. Temperature above 250º F (123º C) may reduces bead durability. The air in an earthmover tire has extremely high energy when released suddenly. Since burned beads can lead to a sudden rupture, extreme caution must be exercised. Burned beads can cause several kinds of tire failure. 19 The most common is a reduction in compressive fit between bead and rim. This causes a leak. If it does not produce a flat tire, it will result in underinflation. An underinflated tire will generate more heat. This will lead to ply separation and a loss of strength. Rapid air loss will occur. This most likely will be in the bead or lower sidewall. After the brake has cooled, the tire can be replaced. Modern equipment design has made brake overheating rare. Engine retarders are common. These slow the equipment without excessive braking. Proper training will assure that operators use this feature effectively. Air wicking through the carcass is another problem bead condition. This causes pressure to build up within the carcass and a separation of tire components. Some machines use wheel coolants. These transfer heat from the bead area. Coolant must be checked regularly and maintained at proper levels. Most burned bead problems occur with new equipment or new operators. Proper training and a conscious effort to avoid excessive braking can prevent most problems. Fig. 20. Toe has been burned and chaffed due to burned bead. Fig. 22. Heal damage due to burned bead. Fig. 21. Rupture resulted from burned bead. 20 Repairs Both tube-type and tubeless tires can be repaired. Regular inspection can detect repairable injuries before they become serious. Immediate attention may prevent extensive or costly damage. Clean out cuts with an awl to remove any lodged in or embedded material. Use a sharp, small blade knife to cut a coneshaped cavity. The cavity should extend to the bottom of the injury. Sides of the cavity should slant enough to prevent stones from wedging. Tires with cuts treated in this manner may continue in service and cut growth should be reduced. Tread and sidewall cuts are a major source of off-the-road tire trouble. Tires should be checked at the start of each shift and during regular inflation checks. Cuts which extend to or into the belts or cord body must be repaired. The tire must be taken off for repair. All small cuts should be repaired when tires are removed for major cut repairs. Tires with very high hours (greater than 10,000) are not good repair candidates. Shallow cuts in the tread can be treated without dismounting tires. Small rocks and dirt will get into these shallow cuts. If neglected, the rocks will gradually be pounded or drilled through the cord body. Tire repair may be possible, but may not be economical in older tires. The cost of the repair must be justified by the remaining service life. Fig. 23 Deep tread rock cut – If left unattended will cause cut separation or cut through. Fig 24. Deep tread rock cut – If left unattended will cause tread rock cut separation. Fig. 25. Skiving reveals close-up of rock cut damage into working belt. 21 Recapping/Retreading Both tube-type and tubeless tires can be recapped. life out of the carcass. Retreading should not be considered for tires operated: Recapped tubeless earthmover tires do not require a tube to return to service. • At high speeds. • Overloaded. • Underinflated. A good tire maintenance program will result in tire cost savings. It will also improve tire retreadability for future savings. Tires with very high hours (greater than 10,000) should not be retreaded. Some service conditions take too much The best recapping candidates are tires which had fast tread wear. This occurs at sites with steep grades or abrasive surfaces. Handling and Storage of Tires, Tubes and Rims Store O-ring seals in a cool, dry place. Proper handling and storage will prevent damage to tubeless tires. Lay flat. Do not stack other materials on O-rings. Unmounted tires should be shipped and stored vertically. Horizontal storage may compress the beads. This may make initial inflation difficult. Store valves in a clean, cool, dry place. Tire and Tube Storage Some new tires are shipped banded to preserve their shape. Do not remove bands until tires are ready to mount. Tires and tubes deteriorate rapidly if improperly stored. Improper storage conditions include: Do not lift tires by the beads. Sharp hooks or forks cut and tear beads. In service, beads may leak at these lifting points. • • • • • • • Foreign material and moisture must be removed from the inside of the tire before mounting. Rims Direct sunlight. Heat. Air in motion. Ozone. Gasoline and oil. Dust and dirt. Water or moisture inside tires. Even short term storage should avoid exposure to these conditions. Tubeless rims are an important part of the air seal in a mounted tire. Do not distort or mutilate rim parts. Never lift rims by valve holes. Storage time should be minimized by using tires in the order received. Never drop, tumble or roll rim parts. New Tires Use babbit or lead hammers sparingly during assembly. Sledge hammers can damage rim parts. 1) Store indoors in a cool, dark, dry, draft free area. If tires must be stored outdoors, they should be covered. An opaque, waterproof tarpaulin is a good 22 Mounted Tires cover. Water and moisture must be kept out of the tire. 1) If tires are stored on a machine, it should be blocked up. Air should be released to 10 psi (.7 bar) or less. If machine cannot be blocked up, check air pressure frequently. Maintain pressure at proper level. If possible, mount on wheels and inflate to 10% of operating pressure. Store vertically. Cover with a tarpaulin. 2) Store away from electrical devices such as motors and switches. These are a source of ozone. 2) Protect each tire with an opaque, waterproof cover. 3) Do not store in rooms with or near gasoline or lubricants. Rubber absorbs vapors from these materials and they can cause deterioration. 3) Machines resting on tires should be moved once a month. This prevents deflection strain on only one part of the tire. 4) Provide carbon dioxide fire extinguishers in tire storage areas. 4) Do not use paint to preserve tires. If severe storage conditions are expected, consult tire supplier for recommendations. Used Tires 1) Carefully clean and inspect tires before storage. Make necessary repairs before storage. Repairs to injuries which expose tire cord are especially important. Moisture can get into exposed cord. Tubes 1) Store in original package until ready for use. Keep in a cool, dry, draft free area. 2) Used tubes must be removed from the tire. They must be completely deflated, cleaned and folded. Store in a cool, dry, draft free area. 2) Observe all storage rules listed for new tires. 23 SECTION II Procedure for Changing Tires and Tubes Changing Off-The-Road Tires Replacement of off-the-road tires is a difficult job. They are often located in rough, hilly terrain. Most are used in remote geographical locations. Site conditions are usually far from ideal. Proper equipment may not be available. The procedures in this section describe changing larger size tires. Both ideal and difficult conditions are covered. The procedures are based on both field and shop experience. They are designed to make the change as easy as possible. Nitrogen Inflation • An appropriate relief valve. • A pressure regulator set for no more than 20 PSI (1.5 Bar) over desired inflation. • A remote control clip-on chuck. This allows personnel to stand clear of tire/rim assembly during inflation. Many original equipment manufacturers recommend nitrogen inflation. It helps to minimize the possibility of explosion due to excessive heat from external sources. Typical sources are: • • • • • Vehicle fires. Excessive braking. Dragging brakes. Welding on rims of mounted tires. Lightening strikes. Proper inflation pressure for tires inflated with nitrogen is the same as for air. Nitrogen tanks are pressurized to 2200 PSI (152 Bar). All these can cause the inside of the tire to ignite and burn. Correct equipment must be used and proper safety precautions taken. Otherwise, an explosion or blowout of the tire/rim assembly could result. This can cause death, serious personal injury and property damage. WARNING An explosion caused by tire auto-ignition is much more violent than other sudden air loss situations. There are several other benefits to nitrogen inflation: Serious injuries and death can result from such explosions. • It offers improved pressure retention • It minimizes rim rust. Never weld on a rim of a mounted tire. Inflating with nitrogen should be done only by trained personnel using proper equipment. This includes: 24 Tire Changing Equipment and Tools Tire changing procedures vary with individual operators. Certain tools, however, are essential. 6) Service truck. In larger operations, a fully equipped truck can minimize down time. The truck should be equipped with: 1) Heavy equipment jack. • A mounted hoist. The hoist should be strong enough to handle the largest tires. • An air compressor with a regulator. Models are available which operate off the truck engine or are self powered. • Large bore/super large bore inflating equipment. This minimizes inflation time. • Clip-on chucks with remote controls. These allow inflation from a safe distance. 2) Tire tools and irons. These include: • Several irons with dished or spoon shaped ends. • Crowbar. • Heavy duty rubber or wood mallet or lead or babbit hammer. 3) Wheel chucks. 4) Jack stands 5) Air compressor. 25 Be f o r e p e r f o r m i n g an y s e r v i c e o n Of f - T h e - R o a d t i r e s , r ea d a n d u n d e r s t an d a l l s a fe t y p r e c au t i o n s . D o n o t m o u n t o r d em o u n t t i r e s w it h o u t p r o p er t r ai n i n g . GENERAL SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS The following section of this Manual contains important safety information, including steps necessary to avoid accidents that may result in death, serious injury or property damage. Follow all procedures and safety instructions exactly. Wear proper personal protective equipment (PPE). DEMOUNTING PRECAUTION REASON FOR PRECAUTION Befo re rem ov in g an y rim o r wh eel c om p o n e n t ( i. e . , n u t s o r r i m c l a m p s ) : A broken rim part under pressure can blow apart and cause fatal injury. If you remove lugs while tire is under pressure, the assembly may fly apart. • E xh a u s t a l l a i r f r om a s i n g l e t i r e . • E xha ust all air fro m bo th tires o f a d ual asse mbly. Remove valve core completely. This will a s s u r e a l l a i r i s e x h a u s t e d fr o m t i r e . Foreign material may clog the valve stem during deflation. • R e m ov e bo t h c or e s f r om du a l a s sem bly. • R u n a pi e c e o f w i r e t h r o ug h s t e m to b e sure it’s n ot p lu gg ed . Ice may form as the air leaves the tire. This can clog the valve stem. A l w a y s s t a n d c l e a r d u r i n g d e f la t io n . If the assembly bursts, the operator should be far away from the explosive force. Us e a pp r ov e d e y e p r ot e c t i on . Protect eyes from dust and dirt when exhausting air from tires. 26 U s e m ec h a n i c a l a i d s w h en r e mo v i n g h e a v y r i m c o mp on e n t s . This will help protect you from injury. A dropped flange can crush a hand or foot. Attempting to grab a falling flange or bead seat can cause serious injury. If tool slips, it can fly with enough force to cause severe injury or death. Keep fingers clear. Always stand to one side when you apply pressure. Demou ntin g tools ap ply high pressu re to r i m f la n g e s w h e n u n s e a t i n g t ir e b e a d s . INSPECTION PRECAUTION REASON FOR PRECAUTION C l ea n a n d r e p ai n t r i m s . T h i s w i l l s t o p c o r r o s i o n. I t w i l l a l s o m a k e i t e a s i e r t o mo un t a n d c h e c k c o mp on e n t s . Parts must be clean for proper fit. This is especially true of the gutter section which holds lock ring in position. Cl e an d i r t an d r u s t f r o m l o ck r i n g an d gu tter. This is important to seat the lock ring properly. A ir i n f la t i o n e q u ip m e n t s h o u l d h a v e a f i l t e r i n t h e a i r l i n e . F i l t e r m u s t be ch ec ke d frequ en tly to see th a t it work s p ro p erly. This will prevent moisture from entering the tire and prevent corrosion. C h e c k r i m c o mp on e n t s f o r c r a c k s Parts that are cracked, damaged or excessively rusted are weakened. Bent or repaired parts may not engage properly. R e p l a c e a l l c o m p o n e n t s w h ic h a r e : • • • • C r a c ke d B a d l y w or n D a mag ed S ev erely ru ste d U s e n e w c o m p o n en t o f s a m e s i z e a n d t y p e . R e p l a c e m e n t p a r t s mu s t n o t be c r a c ke d, br o ke n o r d a m a g e d. This allows for proper fit and function. 27 N e ve r, u n d e r an y c irc u m sta n c e s, at t e m p t t o r e w o r k , w e l d , h e a t , or b r a z e a n y r i m c om p o n e n t s t h a t a r e c r a c k e d , b ro k en o r dam age d. Heating may weaken a part. It may then be unable to withstand forces of inflation or operation. This can lead to an incident resulting in serious injury or death. R e p l a c e w i t h pa r t s t h a t a r e n o t c r a c ke d, b ro k en o r da mag ed . A lways u se pa rts o f th e same size a nd ty pe . B e s u r e c o r r e c t p a r t s a r e be i n g a s s e m b le d . Mismatched parts may appear to fit. When the tire is inflated they can fly apart with explosive force. This may lead to serious injury or death. Ch eck th e pa rts’ d istrib utor o r m anu fac t ur e r i f y o u h a ve a n y do ub t s . D o no t b e c a r e l e s s o r t a k e c h a n c e s . I f y o u a r e n o t s u r e a b o u t p r o p e r m a t i ng o f r i m a n d w h e el p ar t s , co n s u l t a n e x p er t . This may be the tire man who services your fleet. It may be your wheel distributor. D o n ’ t r e i n f l a t e a t ir e t h a t h a s b e e n r u n f l a t un t i l y o u i n s pe c t : Components can be damaged or dislocated when a tire is run flat or seriously underinflated. This can lead to an incident resulting in death or serious injury. • • • • Tire Tub e F la p R i m an d w h ee l a s s emb l y D o ub l e c h e c k : • • • • F la n g e ( s ) B ea d s ea t L o c k r i ng O- r i n g Be su re th ey are se cu re in th e gutte r be f o r e i n f la t io n . S t a n d c l e a r o f t h e t i r e w h i le i n f la t i n g . 28 MOUNTING AND INFLATION PRECAUTION REASON FOR PRECAUTION Do n ’t h amm er be ad sea t ring s o r o the r c o mp o n e n ts wh il e tire is in fla te d . Yo u may tap the lock ring when in flatio n b egins with a rub ber or sho t h amme r to in s ur e i t i s p r op e r l y s e a t e d . If parts are improperly installed they may fly apart with explosive force. D o u b l e c he c k t o b e s u r e a l l c o m p o n e n t s a r e p r o p e r l y s e a t e d b e f o r e i n f l a t i ng . If parts are improperly installed they may fly apart with explosive force. Inflate in a safety cage. Use safety chains o r e q u iv a l e n t r e s t r a i n i n g d e v i c e s d u r i n g i nf l a t i o n. Parts can fly apart with explosive force during inflation. Do n’t in fla te tire be fo re all co mp on en ts a r e p r op e r l y i n p l a c e . P l a c e i n s a f e t y c a g e or u s e c h a i n s l i n g a n d i n f l a t e t o a p p r o x i ma t e l y 5 P S I ( . 5 B a r ) . R e c h e ck c o mp o n e n t s f o r p r o p e r asse mbly. I f a s s e m b l y i s n o t p r o p e r a t a p p r o xi ma tely 5 P SI ( .5 Bar) c om pletely de fla te t i r e ( b o t h t u b e - t y p e a n d t ub e l e s s ) a n d start ov er. I n f l a t i o n t o r e c o m me n d e d o p e r a t i n g p re ssure sh ou ld b e do ne o n th e v eh ic le. N e v e r h a m m e r o n a f u l ly o r p a r t i a l l y i n flated tire/rim asse mb ly. Properly matched and assembled components will seat without tapping. If a part is tapped, it or the tool can fly out with explosive force. N e v e r s i t o r s t a n d i n fr o n t o f a t i r e a n d r i m a s s e m b l y t h a t i s b e i n g i nf l a t e d . Parts can fly apart with explosive force. U s e a c l i p - o n c h u c k. Us e i n f l a t i on h os e lo ng e no u g h t o s ta n d t o s id e o f ti re . D o no t st a nd in f ro n t o r b a c k o f t ire a ssem b ly. 29 F o l l o w t i r e a nd r i m m a n u f a c t u r e r s ’ r e c o mme nd ed p roc ed ure s fo r: • • • • Failure to do so can result in death or serious injury. M o u n t in g D e m o u n t i ng I n f la t in g D e fl a t in g D on ’ t h a m m e r o n r i m s o r c om p o n e n t s w i t h s t ee l h am mer s . Steel hammers may damage components and cause improper fit. I f n ec e s s ar y t o t a p u n i n f l at ed c o m p o ne nts togethe r, use mallets with faces of: • • • • R u bb e r L ead P l as t i c B r as s S t a n d c l e a r w he n u s i n g a s t e e l c a b l e o r c h a i n s li n g . The cable or chain may break. If it does it can lash out and cause serious injury. Ne ve r we ld on a tire /rim a ssemb ly. Heat from welding will cause a sudden rise in pressure. This may result in a powerful explosion. Deflated tires also can catch fire inside the chamber. Pressure will build up. An explosion may occur. Mixin g p arts of o n e typ e rim with th o se o f a n o t h e r i s p o t e n t i a l ly d a n g e r o u s . Mismatched parts may appear to fit. When the tire is inflated they can fly apart with explosive force. A l w a y s c h e c k D O T c h a r t or m a n u f a c t ur e r f o r a pp r ov a l . 30 N e v e r i n t r o d u c e a fl a m m a b l e s u b s t a n c e into a tire b efo re, d uring o r after m oun ti ng . This is unsafe and could result in: • • • • Fire Internal tire damage Rim damage Potentially dangerous vapors. Any of these conditions can cause death or serious personal injury during mounting and inflation. OPERATION PRECAUTION REASON FOR PRECAUTION D o n ’ t u s e u n d e r s iz e d r i m s . Excessive overload can cause damage to the tire and rim assembly. U s e r e co m m e n d ed r i m f o r t i r e . C h e ck G o o d y e a r c a t a l o g s f or p r o pe r t i r e / r i m m a t c h in g . D o n ’t o v e r l o a d o r o v e r i n f l a t e t i r e / r i m a s s e mbl i e s . Excessive overload due to undersized rims can cause damage to the tire and rim assembly. Ch ec k with yo ur tire a nd rim m an ufac ture r if spe cial o pe rating co n dition s a re r e q ui r e d . Nev er ru n a v ehicle on on e tire of a d ual asse mbly. This will exceed the carrying capacity of the single tire and rim. Operating a vehicle in this manner can result in damage to rim and tire. Ne ver u se a tu be in a tub eless tire whe re t h e r im a s s e m b l y i s s u s p e c t e d o f le a k i n g . Loss of air pressure warns you of a potential rim failure due to fatigue cracks or other fractures. This indicator is lost when tubes are used with leaking rims. Continued use may cause the rim to burst with explosive force. Always in sp ect rims and wheels fo r d ama g e d u r i ng t i r e c h e c k s . Early detection of rim damage or wear may prevent an accident. 31 N e ve r mo d i f y a r i m w i t h o u t a p p r o v a l from th e ma n ufac tu rer. Modification or heating of the rim or one of its parts can weaken it. It may not withstand inflation or operation forces. N e v e r h e a t , w e l d o r b r a z e a r im . A l w a y s r e m o v e t he t i r e f r o m t h e r i m b e f or e s e r vi c e . I f v e h ic le w h e e l s h a v e b e e n d e s i g n e d t o c o n ta in wh e e l c o o la n t, n e v e r o p e ra te v e h ic le w it h o u t c o o l a n t . An explosion can occur when a tire is exposed to extreme temperatures from an external source. This can cause death, serious injury or property damage. Wheel coolant helps keep operating temperatures down. It must be used where recommended. A l w a y s u s e t he m i x a nd a m o u n t o f c o o l an t reco mm en de d by th e m an ufac tu rer. Don ’t let the brak es become o verheated. An explosion can occur when a tire is exposed to extreme temperatures from external sources. This can cause death, serious personal injury or property damage. Av o id ab use s th at ca n ov erh eat b rak es. T h e s e i n c l ud e : • • • • D r a g g i n g of br a ke s S p e e d in g P o o r b r a k e a d j u s t m e nt Ov e r l o a di n g C l e a r t h e a r e a i f e xc e s s i ve b r a k e h e a t i s susp ec ted. Warn ing s in clu de: The risk of explosion is greatest soon after the vehicle is stopped. • T h e s m e ll o f b u r n in g r u b b e r • T h e s m e ll o f h o t b r a k e s Wait at least o ne ho ur b efore a pp roa ch i ng m a c hi n e . Ca refully follo w m an ufa ctu rer’s rec om m e nd a t i o ns f o r : • • • • O p e r a t in g p r a c t i c e s Us e of r e t a r d e r s B r ak es B r a k e m a in t e n a n c e 32 SERVICING TIRE AND RIM ON MACHINE PRECAUTION REASON FOR PRECAUTION B l oc k t i r e a n d w h e e l o n op p os i t e s i d e o f mac hine before placing jac k in p ositio n. Machine may shift and slip off jack. This can cause death or serious injury. P ut h a r dw o o d b l oc k s un de r j a c k. Machine may shift and slip off jack. This can cause death or serious injury. U s e b l o c k s r e g ar d l e s s o f h o w h a r d o r f i r m g r ou n d a p pe a r s t o be . Al w a y s c r i b up a ve h i c l e w i t h b l oc k s o r a j ac k s t an d Befo re lo ose nin g nu ts o r c la mp s, alwa ys s e c ur e a t i r e / r i m a s s e m bl y w i t h : Unsecured assemblies may fall when fasteners are removed. • A s l i ng • Tire h an d ler • Ot h e r s u pp or t e q ui p me n t C o n s u l t v e h i c l e m an u f ac t u r er f o r d e t a i l e d i n s t r u ct i o n s o n r e m o v a l o f t i r e / r i m a s s e m bl i e s . Don ’t hamm er to drive a tire an d rim assem bly o ver a c ast sp o ke wh ee l. Failure to fit can indicate distorted or incorrectly assembled components. D ef l a t e a n d e x am i n e t o d et e r m i n e t h e rea son for im pro per fit. L oo k fo r disto rt i on or c o mp on e n t s n o t p r op e r l y l oc k e d o r s ea t ed . In either case, the assembly could fly apart if hammered and cause death or serious injury. 33 D o n o t , u n d e r a n y c i r c um s t a n c e s , u s e a n y t y p e o f h e a t s o u r ce o n a n i n f l at ed t i r e. Welding or other heating of an inflated tire/rim assembly can cause an explosion. This can cause death, serious injury or property damage. Welding or brazing a rim with a deflated tire can cause damage to the tire. When reinflated, the damaged tire could also explode. Welding or brazing a rim with no tire is contrary to recommendations of rim manufacturers. It can cause a structural weakness in the rim. This can also lead to failure under inflation or service conditions. 34 Demounting Procedures B e f o re r e m o v i n g a n y r i m o r w h e e l c o m p o n e n t: • Wear proper personal protective equipment (PPE) • Remove the valve core. • Exhaust all air from the tire. • Run a piece of wire through the stem to be sure it is not plugged. Exhaust air from both tires of a dual assembly before working on either. Failure to follow this procedure may lead to death or serious injury. 35 Demounting Instructions Semi Drop-Center Rims Th ree P iece Ty pe TG - TGD - TG F (Gra de rs) Read safety instructions (pages 26-35) before proceeding. Before removing any rim or wheel component: • Wear proper personal protective equipment (PPE) • Remove the valve core. • Exhaust all air from the tire. • Run a piece of wire through the stem to be sure it is not plugged. PROCEDURE REQUIRES: • 2 Goose-necked bead unseating tools. • Rubber lubricant. • Rubber, plastic, lead or brass faced mallet. Exhaust air from both tires of a dual assembly before working on either. Photo 1 Photo 2 36 After complete deflation, place assembly on blocks with loose flange side up. Follow steps in order shown. 3. Stand on sidewall. Use foot to force flange down along rim base. Pry loose lock ring. (Photo 3) 1. Drive goose-necked end of two tools between tire and flange. They should be about 2-feet (70 cm) apart. (Photo 1) 4. Hold side of flange down with hooked end of tool. Grab and remove O-ring from O-ring groove. (Photo 4) 5. Remove side flange. (Photo 5) 2a. Pry both tools outward and sideways through an arc of about 70º. (Photo 2) 6. Turn tire over. 7. Follow steps 1 and 2 to break tire loose from fixed flange side of rim. 2b. Leave one tool in position and move second about 5-inches (13 cm) beyond. Pry down and out as above. 8. Lift rim base from tire. (Photo 6) 2c. Repeat the process until the entire bead is unseated. Photo 3 Photo 5 Photo 4 Photo 6 37 Demounting Instructions Single Piece Rims (G ra de rs a nd Sm all F ron t En d L o ade rs) Read safety instructions (pages 26-35) before proceeding. Before working on tire or rim: • Wear proper personal protective equipment (PPE) • Remove the valve core. • Exhaust all air from the tire. • Run a piece of wire through the stem to be sure it is not plugged. PROCEDURE REQUIRES: • 1 goose-neck bead unseating tool • 3 tire irons • Rubber lubricant Exhaust air from both tires of a dual assembly before working on either. After complete deflation, place assembly on blocks with loose flange side up. Follow steps in order shown. 1. Stand on tire. Use goose-neck tool to break bead from wheel flange. 2. Lubricate top tire bead and top flange area on wheel. 3. Insert two tire irons close together under top bead. (Photo 1) 4. Hold one tire iron down in original position. Hold firmly so it does not fly up and strike you. Photo 1 Photo 2 38 5. Work 2nd tire iron around wheel until bead is completely demounted. (Photo 2) 8. Position 2nd tire iron 12” to right of first iron.(Photo 4) Force spoon under bead and over wheel flange. • Use standing weight to help push bead into wheel well. 9. Rotate 2nd tire iron 90º. (Photo 5) Lift 2nd tire iron straight up. 6. Stand tire/wheel assembly up. 10. Hold 1st and 2nd tire irons in one hand so they form a triangle. Position 3rd tire iron 12” to left of first iron. Rotate 3rd tire iron 90º to wheel. (Photo 6) Lift 3rd tire iron straight up. • Break bead from second wheel flange. • Lubricate near tire bead and back flange area on wheel. • Pull top of wheel out of tire as far as possible. Use foot on bottom of wheel to hold in cocked position. Tire bead should be in wheel well. 11. Once bead is over flange, finish demounting with one tire iron. 7. Force spoon of tire iron between bead and wheel flange. (Photo 3) Raise tire iron until it is straight up. Hold in position. 39 Horizontal Demounting 25” - 49” Diameter Rims Read safety instructions (pages 26-35) before proceeding. After complete deflation, place assembly on blocks with gutter side up. Follow steps in order shown. PROCEDURE REQUIRES: 1. Force pry bars under lock ring from opposite sides. They should be separated by about 10-inches. Push bars in opposite directions to pry lock ring out. (Photo1) • Hydraulic demounting tool • 2 pry bars Before removing any rim or wheel component: NOTE: If lock ring cannot be removed, unseat bead with lock ring and O-ring in place. • Wear proper personal protective equipment (PPE) • Remove the valve core. • Exhaust all air from the tire. • Run a piece of wire through the stem to be sure it is not plugged. 2. Pry the beat seat band back. Insert a pry bar or screwdriver under O-ring and pull it from groove. (Photo 2) Exhaust air from both tires of a dual assembly before working on either. Cut through O-ring to be sure a new one will be used for remounting. 3. Place hook of hydraulic demounting tool into pry bar pocket. (A continuous lip is provided on some bases.) Adjust the ram adjusting screw so the tool will remain vertical under pressure. (Photo 3) In some cases, the pressure foot may have to be removed to assure a good fit. Photo 3 40 Be sure tool is properly seated. If not properly seated it can fly off with great force. Always stand away from tool when it is under pressure. Take additional bites at 2-foot intervals until bead is unseated. 6. Use hoist or pry bar to remove bead seat band. (Photo 5) 4. Stand away from assembly and activate hydraulic pump to apply pressure. If necessary, release pressure and readjust ram adjusting screw. Depress flange 1/2” - 3/4” (13-19 mm). Use a screwdriver to slip a nut (or similar object) between flange and lip of beat seat. 7. Remove flange. 8. Turn assembly over. Use procedure to unseat bead on back. 9. Use hoist to lift rim base from tire. 10. Remove back flange. Keep fingers clear at all times. NOTE: When the bead is difficult to loosen, use two hydraulic demounting tools. Release pressure slowly. Check to make sure the nut (or other spacer) will not slip out. If not securely positioned, it can become a projectile and cause serious injury. When using two tools, be careful not to bend flange or damage butt weld. 5. Move tool 2-feet around rim for second bite. Also, work around the tire several times. Each time, make a slightly greater push. Block with larger objects. Do not use tool near flange butt weld. (Photo 4) Photo 4 Photo 5 41 Horizontal Demounting 51” and Larger HDT Rims Read safety instructions (pages 26-35) before proceeding. After complete deflation, place assembly on blocks with gutter side up. (Photo 1) Follow steps in order shown. PROCEDURE REQUIRES: 1. Stand inside rim. Use 2 pry bars and carefully remove lock ring. Start at split and work tools around the ring. (Photo 2 and Photo 3) • Hydraulic demounting tool • 2 pry bars Before removing any rim or wheel component: 2. Insert a pry bar or screwdriver under Oring and pull it from groove. (Photo 4) • Wear proper personal protective equipment (PPE) • Remove the valve core. • Exhaust all air from the tire. • Run a piece of wire through the stem to be sure it is not plugged. Cut through O-ring to be sure a new one will be used for remounting. 3. Start 30-degrees from flange butt weld. Place hooks of hydraulic demounting tool under bead seat band. Adjust the ram adjusting screw so the tool will remain vertical under pressure. (Photo 5) Exhaust air from both tires of a dual assembly before working on either. Photo 1 Photo 2 Photo 4 Photo 3 42 Be sure tool is properly seated. If not properly seated it can fly off with great force. Always stand away from tool when it is under pressure to avoid risk of serious injury. Do not use tool within 12” (30cm) of flange butt weld. 4. Stand away from assembly and activate hydraulic pump to apply pressure. If necessary, release pressure and readjust ram adjusting screw. Depress flange 3/4” -1” (19-25mm). Use a screwdriver to slip a nut (or similar object) between flange and lip of bead seat. (Photo 6) Stand clear when using a cable or chain sling. It can snap and lash out. Keep fingers clear at all times. 8. Turn assembly over. Use procedure described to unseat bead on back. Take additional bites at 2- to 3-foot intervals until bead is unseated. 6. Use hoist or pry bar to remove bead seat band. 7. Remove flange. Release pressure slowly. Check to make sure the nut (or other spacer) will not slip out. If not securely positioned, it can become a projectile and may cause serious injury. 9. Use hoist to lift rim base from tire (Photo 7) 10. Use hoist to lift and remove back flange. (Photo 8) 5. Move tool 2- to 3-feet (60-90 cm) around rim for second bite. 43 Vertical Demounting Tires on a Machine Be sure tool is properly seated. If not properly seated it can fly off with great force. Always stand away from tool when it is under pressure to avoid risk of death or serious injury. Read safety instructions (pages 26-35) before proceeding. PROCEDURE REQUIRES: • Hydraulic demounting tool (Foot activated model is recommended – Photo 1) • Pry bar 2. Stand away from assembly and activate hydraulic pump to apply pressure. If necessary, release pressure and readjust ram adjusting screw. Depress flange 3/4” (19mm). Place end of pry bar between flange and lip of bead seat band. Before placing jack in position, block tire and wheel on other side of vehicle. Always use hardwood blocks under jack, or steel stand. Keep fingers clear at all times. Release pressure. Jack may slip. Always crib up vehicle with blocks, or stand. 3. Move tool 2-feet around rim for second bite. Before removing any rim or wheel component: Do not use tool near flange butt weld. • Wear proper personal protective equipment (PPE). Take additional bites at 2-foot intervals until bead is unseated. • Remove the valve core. (Photo 1) 4. Use pry bar to remove lock ring. Start near split. (Photo 3) • Exhaust all air from the tire. 5. Insert a pry bar or screwdriver under Oring and pull it from groove. (Photo4) Cut through O-ring to be sure a new one will be used for remounting. • Run a piece of wire through the stem to be sure it is not plugged. Exhaust air from both tires of a dual assembly before working on either. 6. Insert pry bar under flange and pry bead seat band loose. (Photo 5) Support band on thigh. With assistance, lower it to ground. Roll out of way. (Photo 6) Tire and wheel components are heavy. To avoid back and foot injuries, two people should lower components. 7. With assistance, remove flange. Carefully lower it to ground. Roll out of way. 1. Place hook of hydraulic demounting tool into pry bar pocket. (A continuous lip is provided on some bases.) Adjust ram adjusting screw so tool will remain perpendicular to tire under pressure (Photo 2) 44 Stand clear when using a cable or chain sling. It can snap and lash out. 8. Unseat back tire bead. Use hydraulic tool. If insufficient clearance, use shorty ram between vehicle frame and back flange. (Photo 7) 10. With assistance, remove back flange. 9. Use boom truck and sling or tire handler to remove tire. 45 Demounting Tube-Type Off-The-Road Tires Read safety instructions (pages 26-35) before proceeding. 1. Unseat beads as described for the size assembly involved. Before moving any rim or wheel component: 2. Before removing tire from rim, be sure valve will clear gutter section. • Wear proper personal protective equipment (PPE). • Remove the valve core. • Exhaust all air from the tire. • Run a piece of wire through the stem to be sure it is not plugged. 3. Remove flap from tire. Use tool with a rounded end to pry out and away from beads. NO TE : If necessary, use a tire spreader to spread the beads. A small auto jack can be used as a spreader. Exhaust air from both tires of a dual assembly before working on either. 4. Remove the tube. Be careful not to pull on valve stem or enlarge any areas of damage. Inflation Procedures for Proper Mounting After Tire & Rim Assembly Has Been Placed on Machine During mounting, all off-the-road tires must be inflated, deflated, and reinflated. This procedure has two purposes. • Grader tires inflate to 50 PSI (3.50 Bar) • Less than 29” rim diameter tires inflate to 75 PSI (5.25 Bar) • Larger than 29” rim diameter tires inflate to 90 PSI (6.25 Bar) First, it helps assure that the beads are seated properly. Beads must seat against rim flanges and be in compression on tapered bead seats. Failure to seat the beads can cause bead durability problems. In tubeless tires, it can also allow air leakage under the beads. Second, it removes buckles and uneven stress from flaps and tubes. Air pressure is the only positive method to fully seat off-the-road tire beads. Operating a tire will not seat an improperly mounted tire. It will result in damage to the beads and shortened tire life. Initial inflation varies with rim size: 46 Mounting Off-The-Road Tires On Type T - TL - TLD - TGD and TGF Rims (Tubeless-type. See page 60 for additional instructions for tube and flap insertion.) Read safety instructions (pages 26-35) before proceeding. 7. Stand on flange to position it below both grooves in the rim base. Snap lock ring into (upper) lock ring groove. (Photo 3 –next page) 1. Before mounting: • Clean all rim components. Remove rust and dirt. Lock ring and O-ring grooves must be clean and rust free for proper seating and seal. (Photo 1) • Inspect parts for damage. Replace all cracked, worn, damaged, or severely rusted components. • Paint or coat all parts with rust inhibitor. • Double check to be sure correct parts are being used. • Inspect inside of tire. Remove any foreign matter. Use compressed air to dry any moisture. • Be sure the embossed safety bulge on lock ring is up. (continued on next page) 2. Install valve spud on rim. Tighten to proper torque. Photo 1 3. Place rim on 4”-6” blocks (10-13 cm) or mounting stand. Fixed flange side must be down. 4. Lubricate bead seat area on rim and both tire beads with vegetable lubricant. Use only approved vegetablebased lubricants. • Lubricate from toe to GG ring on tire. Photo 2 • Lubricate moderately, but thoroughly. 5. Place tire over rim base. 6. Place side flange over rim base. (Photo 2) • Push down as far as possible. • Make sure flange does not bind on rim base. 47 8. Lubricate O-ring with vegetable lubricant. during inflation. Inflation above 10% of recommended is to be done only after assembly is installed on the machine 9. Lubricate entire O-ring groove area with vegetable lubricant. • Always stand away from the rim during inflation. 10. Snap O-ring into place. Place on one side. Stretch like a rubber band. Seat on other side. (Photo 4) • After pressure has reached 3 PSI (.5 Bar), check all around rim for proper component seating. If necessary, deflate tire and adjust components. • Do not roll O-ring into place. • If necessary, push side flange down with hand tool to expose O-ring groove. 15. If assembly is ok, inflate to 50 PSI (3.5 Bar). NO TE : Lock rings must be fully seated in gutter around the flange. N O TE : Air inflation equipment should have a filter to remove moisture. This prevents corrosion inside the tire. Check filter frequently to be sure it functions properly. 12. Insert drive lugs as required. 16. Adjust to proper operating pressure 11. Check components for proper assembly. 13. Place assembly in safety cage. (Photo 5) Ballasted tires (liquid or dry filled) must first be seated with air. NO TE : If no cage is available, some other approved restraining device must be used After seating, exhaust air and add ballast. (See pages 68-73 for additional information.) Photo 3 Photo 4 Photo 5 48 Mounting Bias Off-The-Road Tires on EM Rims (Tubeless-type. See page 60 for additional instructions for tube and flap insertion.) Read safety instructions (pages 26-35) before proceeding. 3. Place back flange on base. (Photo 2) 4. Lubricate tire beads with vegetable lubricant. 1. Before mounting: • Clean all rim components. Remove rust and dirt. Lock ring and O-ring grooves must be clean and rust free for proper seating and seal. (Photo 1) • Inspect parts for damage. Replace all cracked, worn, damaged, or severely rusted components. • Paint or coat all parts with rust inhibitor. • Double check to be sure correct parts are being used. • Inspect inside of tire. Remove any foreign matter. Use compressed air to dry any moisture. • Use only approved vegetable-based lubricants. • Lubricate from toe to GG ring on tire. • Lubricate moderately, but thoroughly. 5. Use tire hoist with sling or tire handler to lift tire. Place on rim. (Photo 3) Stand clear when using a cable or chain sling. It can snap and lash out. 6. Depress tire bead area to ease assembly of next components. (Photo 4) 2. Place base on 4” - 6” blocks (10-13 cm) or mounting stand. Gutter side must be up. (Continued on next page) Photo 1 Photo 3 Photo 2 Photo 4 49 7. Place front flange over rim base. (Photo 5) Typical Heavy Duty Driver Application 8. Place bead seat band on rim base. Be sure driver pockets in bead seat band and base are in line (if present). Band will bind if cocked even slightly. If it becomes wedged, DO NOT HAMMER INTO PLACE! Lift, and lower it correctly. If necessary, use a rubber, lead, plastic or brass-faced mallet and tap lightly upward. (Photo 6) Align driver pockets in bead seat band and base. Photo 5 Insert driving slug into driver pocket on base. Photo 6 Make sure all parts are properly aligned before inflation. View of final assembly. 50 9. Lubricate O-ring with vegetable lubricant. • After pressure has reached 5 PSI (.5 Bar), check all around rim for proper component seating. If necessary, deflate tire and adjust components. • Inflation above 10% of recommended is to be done only after assembly is installed on the machine. 10. Lubricate entire O-ring groove area with vegetable lubricant. (Photo 7) 11. Snap O-ring into place. Place on one side. Stretch like a rubber band. Seat on other side. (Photo 8) Do not inflate tires with 16 ply rating or less above 75 PSI (5.25 Bar). 12. Start the lock ring in the lock ring groove. Push or walk it into place. (Photo 9) 15. If assembly is ok, inflate as follows: • Tires less than 29” in diameter = 75 PSI (5.25 Bar) • Tires 29” and larger in diameter = 90 PSI (6.25 Bar) 13. Place drive key in pockets as required. 14. Place assembly in safety cage. NOTE: If no cage is available, some other approved restraining device must be used during inflation. N O TE : Air inflation equipment should have a filter to remove moisture. This prevents corrosion inside the tire. Check filter frequently to be sure it functions properly. • Always stand away from the rim during inflation. 16. Adjust to proper operating pressure. Photo 7 Photo 9 Photo 8 51 Mounting Radial Off-The-Road Tires on EM Rims Read safety instructions (pages 26-35) before proceeding. 2. Place base on 4” - 6” blocks (10-13 cm) or mounting stand. Gutter side must be up. 1. Before mounting: 3. Lubricate tire beads with vegetable lubricant. ( Photo 4). • Clean all rim components. Remove rust and dirt. Lock ring and O-ring grooves must be clean and rust free for proper seating and seal. (Photo 1 and Photo 2) • Inspect parts for damage. Replace all cracked, worn, damaged, or severely rusted components. • Paint or coat all parts with rust inhibitor. (Photo 3) • Double check to be sure correct parts are being used. • Inspect inside of tire. Remove any foreign matter. Use compressed air to dry any moisture. • Use only approved vegetable-based lubricants. • Lubricate from toe to GG ring on tire. • Lubricate moderately, but thoroughly. 4. Lubricate the following areas on the rim: • Back rim base knurled area. • Front O-ring groove area. 5. Lubricate components: (Photo 5) • Bead seat band knurled area • O-ring Photo 1 Photo 3 Photo 2 Photo 4 52 6. Place back flange on rim base. Typical Heavy Duty Driver Application 7. Use cable sling or tire handler to lift tire. Place on rim. (Photo 6) Stand clear when using a cable or chain sling. It can snap and lash out. 8. Depress tire bead area to ease assembly of next components (Photo 7–next page) 9. Place front flange over rim base. Align driver pockets in bead seat band and base. 10. Place bead seat band on rim base. Be sure driver pockets in bead seat band and base are in line (if present). Band will bind if cocked even slightly. If it becomes wedged, DO NOT HAMMER INTO PLACE! Lift, and lower it correctly. If necessary, use a rubber, lead, plastic or brass-faced mallet and tap lightly upward. Insert driving slug into driver pocket on base. (Continued on next page) Photo 5 Make sure all parts are properly aligned before inflation. Photo 6 View of final assembly. 53 • Always stand away from the rim during inflation. • After pressure has reached 5 PSI (.5 Bar), check all around rim for proper component seating. (Photo 9) If necessary, deflate tire and adjust components. 11. Snap O-ring into place. Place on one side. Stretch like a rubber band. Seat on other side. 12. Start the lock ring in the lock ring groove. Push or walk it into place. (Photo 8) 13. Place drive key in pockets as required. 15.Inflation above 10% of recommended is to be done only after assembly is installed on the machine. NO TE: If tire is to be inflated horizontally, support rim above ground level. This allows bottom bead to pilot (self-center) onto bead seat taper. • Tires 25” and larger in diameter = 90 PSI (6.25 Bar) • If recommended operating pressure is higher than 90 PSI, inflate to operating pressure. If tire is to be inflated vertically, support both tread and rim during inflation. This prevents excessive bead to rim eccentricity. N O TE : Air inflation equipment should have a filter to remove moisture. This prevents corrosion inside the tire. Check filter frequently to be sure it functions properly. 14.Place assembly in safety cage. NOTE: If no cage is available, some other approved restraining device must be used during inflation. Do not run tire until pressure has been adjusted to operating pressure. Photo 7 Photo 9 Photo 8 54 Mounting Radial Off-The-Road Tires on Single Piece Rims Read safety instructions (pages 26-35) before proceeding. 3. Lubricate wheel flanges, wheel well and tire bead with vegetable lubricant. 1. Before mounting: • Use only approved vegetable-based lubricants. • Lubricate moderately, but thoroughly. • Clean wheel. Use wire brush to remove rust and dirt. • Inspect wheel for damage. Do not use cracked, worn, damaged, or severely rusted wheels. • Paint or coat wheel with rust inhibitor. • Inspect inside of tire. Remove any foreign matter. Use compressed air to dry any moisture. 4. Hook tire bead over C-clamp. This prevents slippage. 5. Use tire iron to hook bead onto wheel. (Photos 2, this page, and 3, next page) Be sure bead is slipping into wheel well. 6. Place tire iron between top bead and wheel. Push down to force bead below wheel flange. 2. Attach a small C-clamp to wheel flange. This will keep bead from slipping around wheel flange during mounting. (Photo 1) 7. Place vice grips on wheel flange to hold top bead start position. • Be sure vice grips are firmly attached to wheel. (Photo 4) • Lubricate 2nd bead 90° on both sides of vice grips. 8. Start 90° on either side of vice grips. Walk iron around top bead to hook onto wheel. (Continued on next page) Photo 1 Photo 2 55 9. Place one tire iron across wheel. Use 2nd iron as lever to help hook final bead section onto wheel. (Photo 5) • After pressure has reached 5 PSI (.5 Bar), check all around wheel for proper seating. If necessary, deflate tire and adjust fit. • Inflation above 10% of recommended is to be done only after assembly is installed on the machine 10.Place assembly in safety cage. NOTE: If no cage is available, some other approved restraining device must be used during inflation. 11. If assembly is ok, inflate to working pressure • Always stand away from the wheel during inflation. N O TE : Air inflation equipment should have a filter to remove moisture. This prevents corrosion inside the tire. Check filter frequently to be sure it functions properly. Photo 3 Photo 5 Photo 4 56 Mounting Tires on a Machine (Tubeless-type. See page 60 for additional instructions for tube and flap insertion.) Read safety instructions (pages 26-35) before proceeding. • Use only approved vegetable-base lubricants. • Lubricate from toe to GG ring on tire. • Lubricate moderately, but thoroughly. 4. Use tire boom or tire handler to lift tire. Place on rim. (Photo 2) 1. Before mounting: • Clean all rim components. Remove rust and dirt. Lock ring and O-ring grooves must be clean and rust free for proper seating and seal. (Photo 1) • Inspect parts for damage. Replace all cracked, worn, damaged, or severely rusted components. • Paint or coat all parts with rust inhibitor. • Double check to be sure correct parts are being used. • Inspect inside of tire. Remove any foreign matter. Used compressed air to dry any moisture. 2. Place back flange on rim base. Stand clear when using a cable or chain sling. It can snap and lash out. 5. Use boom to position front flange on base. (Photo 3–next page) (Continued on next page) 3. Lubricate tire beads with vegetable lubricant. Photo 2 Photo 1 57 6. Use boom to position bead seat band on rim base. (Photo 4) 12. Place drive key in pockets as required. 13.An approved restraining device must be used during inflation. Be sure driver pockets in bead seat band and base are in line (if present). • Always stand away from assembly during inflation. • After pressure has reached 5 PSI (.5 Bar), check all around rim for proper component seating. If necessary, deflate tire and adjust components. Band will bind if cocked even slightly. If it becomes wedged, DO NOT HAMMER INTO PLACE! Remove from rim and position it correctly. If necessary, use a rubber, lead, plastic or brass-faced mallet and tap lightly upward. 15. If assembly is ok, inflate as recommended. 7. Lubricate O-ring with vegetable lubricant. N O TE : Air inflation equipment should have a filter to remove moisture. This prevents corrosion inside the tire. Check filter frequently to be sure it functions properly. 8. Use boom to hold rim components out of way while installing O-ring. 9. Lubricate entire O-ring groove area with vegetable lubricant. 16. Adjust to proper operating pressure. 10. Snap O-ring into place. Place on one side. Stretch like a rubber band. Seat on other side. (Photo 5) 11. Start the lock ring in the lock ring groove. Push or walk it into place. (Photo 6) Photo 4 Photo 3 58 Typical Heavy Duty Driver Application Align driver pockets in bead seat band and base. Photo 5 Insert driving slug into driver pocket on base. Make sure all parts are properly aligned before inflation. Photo 6 View of final assembly. 59 Mounting Tube-Type Off-The-Highway Tires Read safety instructions (pages 25-35) before proceeding. 5. When ready to inflate, place assembly in safety cage. Rim preparation and component installation procedures are the same as tubeless. NOTE: If no cage is available, some other approved restraining device must be used during inflation. The tube is installed in tire before it is placed on the rim. • Always stand away from the rim during inflation. • After pressure has reached 5 PSI (.5 Bar), check all around rim for proper component seating. If necessary, deflate tire and adjust components. 1. Inspect casing inside and out for breaks, bruises and nails. • Remove any foreign matter inside the tire. • Use compressed air to dry any moisture. Inflation above 10% of recommended is to be done only after assembly is installed on the machine. 2. Stand tire vertically. Do not inflate tires with 16 ply rating or less above 75 PSI (5.25 Bar). 3. Place tube in casing. • Start at bottom. • Add air as tube is worked into tire. This will hold it in place and prevent wrinkles. 6. If assembly is ok, inflate as follows: • Tires less than 29” in diameter = 75 PSI (5.25 Bar) • Tires 29” and larger in diameter = 90 PSI (6.25 Bar) 4. Insert flap. • Be sure it is properly centered. • Be sure it is free of wrinkles. • Rotate tire as the flap is worked in. Part being inserted is always at bottom. • If necessary, use a dry lubricant (such as soapstone) on flap and tube. • If necessary, use a spreader or car jack to spread beads. N O TE : Air inflation equipment should have a filter to remove moisture. This prevents corrosion inside the tire. Check filter frequently to be sure it functions properly. 7. Completely deflate tire. This removes buckles and uneven stresses from tube and flap. 8. Reinflate to proper operating pressure. 60 SECTION III Tire Selection for Expected Service Conditions All off-the-road (OTR) tires are subject to the demands imposed by: occurs because tread volume decreases as tread elements are spaced further apart. The greater the spacing, the better the tire can dig in. But with less rubber on the ground, the tread wears faster. • heavy loads • less than desirable operating conditions To minimize compromises, Goodyear offers a variety of off-the-road-tires with choices of: All require: • High carcass strength to hold the inflation pressure necessary to carry great loads and resist impact damage. • Tread and sidewalls constructed rubber to help resist cuts and bruises. • Tread patterns designed for high traction to help transmit high engine horsepower. • Flotation capabilities in soft underfoot conditions. • tread design • non-skid (tread) depth • tread rubber compounds for customers to select. Tire Selection Criteria There are four major areas to evaluate to determine the best tire for an earthmover: • Will it fit? • Will it carry the load? • Will it work in the underfoot conditions? • Does it meet TMPH/WCF requirements? Some operations, however, require different tire construction features for the job site conditions. For example, operations with long haulage cycles need more heat resistant tread. Sharp rock service demands extra tread depth to minimize cutting. Soft underfoot or muddy conditions call for better traction. OTR equipment manufacturers supply technical data needed to determine tire loading. These include: Unfortunately, improvements in one area of a tire’s performance often result in compromise. • Empty and loaded vehicle weight. • Load distribution by axle. Increased tread depth typically results in reduced heat resistance. Heat is detrimental to tire life. Loads or speeds may have to be reduced to minimize heat generation. Otherwise, the tire may suffer structural damage and lose service life. Equipment manufacturers typically deliver their vehicles with a base tire. This base tire is suitable for standard loads and inflations. Users, however, typically want to carry larger loads to achieve maximum productivity. To carry heavier loads, larger or higher ply rated tires must be used. Similarly, improved traction is usually gained at the expense of tread wear. This 61 Higher vs. Lower Inflation Pressure Equipment manufacturers recommend optional tires sizes and ply ratings for different loading and operating conditions. However, other considerations can affect the tire choice. Usually, you have two choices to carry a given load: 1) a smaller size tire with a higher ply rating and inflation pressure; or Factors involved in tire selection include: 2) a larger tire which will carry the load at a lower inflation pressure. • Material density. The weight per cubic yard (cubic meter) varies greatly. • Optional equipment can add substantial weight. It can also affect weight distribution. • Equipment modifications can affect weight and its distribution. This is especially true of modifications by users. • As equipment ages, it tends to become heavier when empty. Thus, empty weight and distribution will change over time. If possible, the tire with a lower inflation pressure should be selected. As a general rule, lower inflation pressure offers these advantages: • • • • • • Increased tread wear. Reduced cut and impact potential. Improved repairability. Improved retreadability. Reduced rim and wheel breakage. Reduced vehicle maintenance and repair costs. • Less road maintenance required. Because of these factors, it is necessary to estimate the actual operational tire loads. An appropriate tire can then be selected using recommended load and inflation tables. Remember, however, that inflation supports and carries the load. If the weight demands high inflation pressure, the use of lower inflation pressure is not an option. The Tire and Rim Association (T&RA) publishes suggested maximum inflation recommendations for OTR tires. Vehicle clearance must be considered. While it may be necessary to estimate wheel loads, actual load data is extremely desirable. This can be obtained through an on-site load study. Goodyear has a sizeable history of tire load data for a wide range of equipment. This information is available to users to help in their selection of OTR tires. 62 Ton Mile Per Hour (TMPH/TKPH) Requirement Tires on OTR vehicles generate and buildup heat. There is a definite relationship between the heat generated and: • • • • calculated from the time the vehicle first moves until the shift finishes. The formula gives a number called the Job T M P H ( T K P H) . Load Speed Travel distance Improper inflation pressure All Goodyear earthmover tires have a TMPH/TKPH rating. These ratings are available from any Goodyear OTR sales or service department. Excessive heat can lead to premature tire wear. The Job TMPH/TKPH must be known for each wheel position. Tire selection can then be based on: The TMPH formula calculates the rate of work tires can perform and stay within a safe temperature range. • A size and ply rating which will not be overloaded. • A type or design with a TMPH/TKPH rating equal to the job requirement. Simply stated, the TMPH formula is: Average Tire Load (short tons) X Average Shift Speed (MPH) S a m p l e T M PH c a l c u l a t i o n : Similarly, the Ton Kilometer Per Hour (TKPH) formula is: Conditions: Average Tire Load (metric tons) X Average Shift Speed (KPH) • Empty vehicle tire load = 20,000 pounds (10.0 tons) • Loaded vehicle tire load = 34,000 pounds (17.0 tons) • Number of Hours Worked = 8.0 hours • The shift hauls 15 loads • Each haul is 9.0 miles, round trip. N O TE : Mines using computer dispatch systems must use Average Hourly Speed rather than average shift speed. The Average Tire Load is calculated: Empty Tire Load + Loaded Tire Load 2 Calculation: The Average Tire Load must be obtained for tires on each axle of a vehicle. Average Tire Load = 10 Tons + 17 Tons 2 The Average Shift Speed is found by: RTD X NTS HW Average Tire Load = 27 Tons = 13.5 Tons 2 where RTD = Round Trip Distance NTS = Number of Trips Per Shift HW = Number of Hours Worked Average Shift Speed = 9 Miles Per Trip X 15 Trips Per Shift 8.0 Hours Worked Per Shift The number of hours worked is the actual number of vehicle operation hours. It is 63 • Each haul is 14 kilometers, round trip. Average Shift Speed = 135 Miles 8.0 = 16.9 MPH Calculation: J o b T M PH Average Tire Load = 9 Metric Tons + 15 Metric Tons 2 13.5 Tons X 16.9 MPH = 228 TMPH Conclusion: Average Tire Load = To av oid h eat pro blem s tires mu st h ave a TMP H rating of 22 8 or h igh er. 24 Metric Tons = 12 Metric Tons 2 If the tires on the machine are rated less than 228: Average Shift Speed = 14 Kilometers Trip X 15 Trips Per Shift 8.0 Hours Worked Per Shift • reduce speed • reduce load • Change to tires with a higher TMPH rating Average Shift Speed = 420 Kilometers = 26.25 KPH 8.0 NO TE : Each tire position on the machine must be calculated and considered. J ob T K P H Formula Limitation: 12.0 Tons X 26.25 KPH = 315 TKPH Tests have shown that the TMPH formula does not apply: NO TE : TKPH = TMPH X 1.46 • When tires are loaded 20% above their capacity. • On hauls of more than 20 miles. Conclusion: To av oid h eat pro blem s tires mu st h ave a TKP H ratin g of 31 5 o r h igh er. For haul lengths in excess of 20 miles one way, consult a Goodyear OTR representative. If the tires on the machine are rated less than 315: • reduce speed • reduce load • Change to tires with a higher TKPH rating S a m p l e T K P H c a l c u l a t i o n: Conditions: • Empty vehicle tire load = 9,000 kilos (9.0 metric tons) • Loaded vehicle tire load = 15,000 kilos (15.0 metric tons) • Number of Hours Worked - 8.0 hours NO TE : Each tire position on the machine must be calculated and considered. • The shift hauls 15 loads. 64 F o r m u l a L i m it a t io n : • On hauls of more than 32 kilometers. Tests have shown that the TKPH formula does not apply. • For haul lengths in excess of 32 kilometers one way, consult a Goodyear OTR representative. • When tires are loaded 20% above their capacity. The Work Capability Factor (WCF) Goodyear dozer and loader tires are used in dig and load service. They are normally selected from the TRA 5 MPH/10 KPH tables. Tire heat build-up in this type of operation is not a factor. Average Tire Load (metric tons) X Maximum Average Speed (KPH) The Average Tire Load is calculated: Empty Tire Load + Loaded Tire Load 2 Operators sometimes use loaders as transport machines. When the haul distance exceeds 50 feet (15 meters), the operation is termed load and carry. This type of service can involve speeds above 5 MPH (10 KPH). Longer hauls and rapid work cycles also are common. Tire load data should be the actual loads, if possible. If these are not known, the manufacturer’s specifications can be used. The Maximum Average Speed is found by: Round Trip Distance X Maximum Cycles per Hour Dozer and loader tires are thicker and stronger than other OTR designs. Heat will build up faster in these designs. Sample WCF calculation (English Units): Tire heat build-up is a function of work the tire is doing. Conditions: • Empty vehicle tire load = 15.0 tons • Loaded vehicle tire load = 30.0 tons • Maximum cycles per hour = 35 • Each haul is 800 feet (.152 miles), round trip. The Work Capability Factor (WCF) provides a way to select tires that can handle the work. All Goodyear dozer and loader tires have a WCF. These ratings are available from any Goodyear OTR sales or service department. Calculation: Average Tire Load = The formula to determine a machine’s WCF requirement focuses on its front wheels. These carry substantially more weight. 15 Tons + 30 Tons 2 Average Tire Load = The WCF formula is: 45 Tons = 22.5 Tons 2 Average Tire Load (short tons) X Maximum Average Speed (MPH) Max. Average Speed = Similarly, the Metric WCF formula is: 65 .15 Miles X 35 Trips 1 Hour Average Tire Load = 14 Metric Tons + 28 Metric Tons 2 5.25 MPH WCF Average Tire Load = 22.5 Tons X 5.25 MPH 42 Metric Tons = 21 Metric Tons 2 119.7 = 120 WCF Max. Average Speed = Conclusion: .25 KM X 35 1 Hour To av oid h eat pro blem s tires mu st h ave a WCF of 11 9 o r h igh er. 8.75 = KPH If the tires on the machine are rated less than 120: • • • • WCF 21.0 Tons X 8.75 KPH reduce speed. reduce load. reduce number of cycles. Changes to tires with a higher WCF rating. 183.75 = 184 WCF Conclusion: To av oid h eat pro blem s tires mu st h ave a WCF of 18 4 o r h igh er. F o r m u l a L i m it a t io n : Tests have shown that the WCF formula does not apply: If the tires on the machine are rated less than 184: • When tires are loaded more than 15% above their rated capacity. • On hauls of more than 2000 feet. • reduce speed • reduce load • Change to tires with a higher WCF For haul lengths in excess of 2000 feet one way, consult a Goodyear OTR representative. F o r m u l a L i m it a t io n : S amp le WCF c alcu lation (metric units): Tests have shown that the WCF formula does not apply: Conditions: • When tires are loaded more than 15% above their rated capacity. • On hauls of more than 600 meters. • Empty vehicle tire load = 14.0 metric tons • Loaded vehicle tire load = 28.0 metric tons • Maximum cycles per hour = 35 • Each haul is 250 Meters (.25 kilometers), round trip. For haul length in excess of 600 meters one way, consult a Goodyear OTR representative. Calculation: 66 WCF Field Applications Job Conditions The WCF can be used to determine maximum speeds and cycles for tires. This can help operators adjust operating conditions for: Load capacity and TMPH/TKPH (or WCF) ratings tell whether a tire can handle the job. They are not the only tire selection criteria, however. • Existing tires where changeover is impractical. • New tires where size or equipment limitations restrict selection. Other site and operational factors that have to be considered include: 1) Environmental conditions such as: • Heavy rain • Heavy snow • Wide ranges in ambient temperatures For example: Conditions: • Empty Front Tire Load = 30,000 pounds (15 tons) • Loaded Front Tire Load = 60,000 pounds (30 tons) 2) Availability of capable, trained personnel. 3) Length of time the project will last. 15 tons + 30 tons = 2 • Are permanent haul roads feasible? • Is a haul road maintenance program feasible? 45 tons 2 = 22.5 tons average load 4) Length of work day. • One way haul length = 400 feet (800 feet round trip) • Tire on loader: 33.25-35 (L-5) WCF = 115 To determine maximum speed use the formula: • Daylight only operation provides visibility needed to avoid tire hazards. • One or two shift operation allows more tire cool-down time. Goodyear earthmover tire sales engineers receive continuous training on tire applications. They can provide knowledgeable advice on tire selection. 115 WCF = 5.11 MPH 22.5 tons To determine maximum cycles per hour use the formula: 5.11 MPH X 5280 Ft (mile) = Cycles 800 Feet 26908.8 = 33.7 = 33 Cycles/Hour 800 67 Ballasted Tires Increasing the load on the drive axle offers many advantages: • • • • • • • Tubeless tires can be ballasted. Calcium chloride solution will not harm rims if a minimum of 75% fill is used. Improved traction Increased drawbar pull Less slippage Less pressure loss Less tread wear Less bounce Less fuel consumption A corrosion-proof gauge should be used to check inflation pressures. The valve must be in the highest position when pressure is checked. This gives the most accurate reading. Mixing the Calcium Chloride Solution The simplest way to add weight is to partially fill the tires with liquid. The amount of calcium chloride needed to prevent freezing varies with the temperature. No less than 75% of the tire’s volume should be filled with liquid. A 100% fill can cause an unsafe pressure rise under load. Sp . Gra vi ty @ Ca C1 2/ Wa te r 62 º F / 18º C L bs / G a l K g/ L 1.000 1.050 1.100 1.150 1.218 1.250 A solution of calcium chloride and water is recommended for liquid filling. It offers: • Additional weight (up to 50% over plain water. • It is not harmful to rubber. • It is plentiful and low in cost. • It is an effective antifreeze solution. 0.0 0.7 1.5 2.3 3.5 4.2 0.00 .08 .18 .28 .42 .50 F r e e z es B e l o w ºF ºC +32 0 +21 -6 +7 -14 -10 -23 -30 -34 -42 -41 The tables on pages 70 - 73 show how much fill is needed for different sized tires. The solution strength will provide antifreeze protection to -30º F (-34º C). The total weight gain in the right column is important for tire loading calculations. Special Considerations For Ballasted Tires Before adding ballast, tires must be seated with air. Inflate: The amount of CaCl2/Water needed for other sized tires can be easily calculated. The volume of the tire must be known. Then use the formula: • Grader tires = 50 PSI (3.5 Bar) • Tires less than 29” in diameter = 75 PSI (5.25 Bar) • Tires 29” and larger in diameter = 90 PSI (6.25 Bar) 3/4 Vol. (in cu. in.) = Gal Water 269.6 The 269.6 divisor is established by: After seating, exhaust air and add ballast. (See page 46 for additional information.) Volume of Gal. Water = 231 cu. in. Swell Factor = 38.6 cu. in. Tubes filled with calcium chloride must be equipped with special sealed-in base valves. These prevent separation of the rubber valve base and valve metal. Vol of 1 Gal. H2O + 3.5 Lbs. CaCl2= 269.6 cu. in. 68 Swell factors will vary with the amount of CaCl2 added. Other swell factors are available from any Goodyear OTR Sales or Service office. Weight can be found by: Weight of Water = Gal. X 8.3 + Weight of CaCl2 = Gal. X 3.5 Ballast Weight Liquid Ballast Tables The following conditions apply; 1) One gallon water = 231 cu. in. = 8.35 pounds 2) Ca Cl2 is added at 3.5 pounds per U.S. Gallon. 3) Quantities shown fill 75% of tire volume. 4) All quantities are rounded to nearest .5 Gallon, Liter, Pound or Kilogram. SIZE 15.5-25 15.5R25 17.5-25 17.5-25 17.5-25 17.5-25 17.5R25 17.5R25 17.5R25 17.5R25 17.5R25 600/65R25 20.5-25 20.5-25 20.5-25 20.5R25 20.5R25 20.5R25 650/65R25 23.5-25 23.5-25 23.5-25 23.5R25 23.5R25 23.5R25 750/65R25 23/90-25 26.5-25 26.5-25 26.5-25 26.5-25 26.5-25 26.5R25 26.5R25 29.5-25 29.5-25 29.5-25 29.5-25 29.5-29 29.5-35 VOLUME DESIGN SGL DL-2A GP-2B HRL D/L-3A SGL DL-2A SMO D/L-5B SMO D/L-5C AS 3A GP-2B RL-5K RL-5S SG 2B GP-3D HRL E/L-3A SGL EL-2A SXT LDR GP-4B AT RL-5K RT-3B GP-3D HRL E/L-3A SGL EL-2A SHRL XT DL GP-4B AT RL-5K RT-3B GP-3D SMO-5C SHRL SHRL DL SM0 D/L-5C SMO D/L-5D SXT DL(HRL DL) RL-5K HI-STAB RT-3B HRL D/L-3A SHRL XT DL SMO D/L-5A SXT DL(HRL DL) SHRL SHRL 8 H2O Required CU. IN. US Gal 12761 15500 18872 17973 15154 15154 17325 20236 17325 17325 17325 29568 27499 27535 22938 28875 26960 28875 34650 39002 33564 33888 41072 37205 40425 51975 30839 43428 51559 40610 40610 42804 48780 57750 64884 63987 61798 61798 71333 74521 CaCl2 Liter 35.5 43.0 52.5 50.0 42.0 42.0 48.0 56.5 48.0 48.0 48.0 82.5 76.5 76.5 64.0 80.5 75.0 80.5 96.5 108.5 93.5 94.5 114.5 103.5 112.5 144.5 86.0 121.0 143.5 113.0 113.0 119.0 135.5 160.5 180.5 178.0 172.0 172.0 198.5 207.5 134.5 163.0 198.5 189.5 159.5 159.5 182.5 213.0 182.5 182.5 182.5 311.5 289.5 290.0 241.5 304.0 284.0 304.0 365.0 410.5 353.5 357.0 432.5 392.0 425.5 547.5 324.5 457.5 543.0 427.5 427.5 451.0 513.5 608.0 683.5 674.0 651.0 651.0 751.0 784.5 69 Req’d. Pounds Kgs 124.5 151.0 184.0 175.0 147.5 147.5 168.5 197.0 168.5 168.5 168.5 288.0 268.0 268.0 223.5 281.0 262.5 281.0 337.5 380.0 327.0 330.0 400.0 362.5 393.5 506.0 300.5 423.0 502.0 395.5 395.5 417.0 475.0 562.5 632.0 623.0 601.5 601.5 694.5 725.5 56.5 68.5 83.5 79.5 67.0 67.0 76.5 89.5 76.5 76.5 76.5 130.5 121.5 121.5 101.5 127.5 119.0 127.5 153.0 172.5 148.5 149.5 181.5 164.5 178.5 229.5 136.5 192.0 227.5 179.5 179.5 189.0 215.5 255.0 286.5 282.5 273.0 273.0 315.0 329.0 Wt. Added Pounds Kgs 419.0 509.0 619.5 590.0 497.5 497.5 568.5 664.5 568.5 568.5 568.5 970.5 902.5 904.0 753.0 948.0 885.0 948.0 1137.5 1280.5 1102.0 1112.5 1348.0 1221.5 1327.0 1706.0 1012.5 1425.5 1692.5 1333.0 1333.0 1405.0 1601.5 1895.5 2130.0 2100.5 2028.5 2028.5 2341.5 2446.0 190.0 231.0 281.0 267.5 225.5 225.5 258.0 301.5 258.0 258.0 258.0 440.0 409.5 410.0 341.5 430.0 401.5 430.0 516.0 581.0 500.0 504.5 611.5 554.0 602.0 774.0 459.5 646.5 767.5 604.5 604.5 637.5 726.5 860.0 966.0 953.0 920.0 920.0 1062.0 1109.5 SIZE VOLUME DESIGN H2O Required CU. IN. US Gal CaCl2 Liter Req’d. Pounds Kgs 29.5R25 29.5R25 29.5R25 29.5R25 29.5R25 875/65R29 29.5R29 33.25-29 33.25-35 33.25R29 35/65-33 35/65-33 35/65-33 35/65-33 875/65R33 875/65R33 37.25-35 37.25-35 40.5/75R39 41.25/70-39 45/65R39 1150/65R39 45/65-45 45/65-45 1150/65R45 52/80-57 52/80-57 GP-2B RL-4K RL-4K HI-STABILITY RL-5K RL-5K HI-STAB GP-4D RL-5K SHRL 8 SHRL 8 RT- 3A NDL D/L-5/15C NRL D/L-4A NRL D/L-5A NSM D/L-5B RL-4K HI-STABILITY RL-5K HI-STAB SHRL 8 SXT DL(HRL DL) RT-3A+ NRL D/L-5A RL-5K RL-5K HI-STAB NDL D/L-5/15C NRL D/L-5A RL-5K HI-STAB DRL 4/15C HRL D/L-4G 71079 75075 71749 63266 62102 75075 75075 66528 50427 100993 71933 89687 77285 71933 98175 86625 139409 98106 179025 148100 173250 170940 170524 180452 190575 340102 340102 748.5 790.5 755.5 666.0 654.0 790.5 790.5 700.5 531.0 1063.5 757.5 944.5 814.0 757.5 1034.0 912.0 1468.0 1033.0 1885.0 1559.5 1824.5 1800.0 1795.5 1900.5 2007.0 3581.5 3581.5 692.0 731.0 698.5 616.0 604.5 731.0 731.0 648.0 491.0 983.5 700.5 873.5 752.5 700.5 956.0 843.5 1357.5 955.0 1743.0 1442.0 1687.0 1664.5 1660.5 1757.0 1855.5 3311.5 3311.5 314.0 331.5 317.0 279.5 274.0 331.5 331.5 294.0 222.5 446.0 317.5 396.0 341.5 317.5 433.5 382.5 616.0 433.0 790.5 654.0 765.0 755.0 753.0 797.0 841.5 1502.0 1502.0 197.5 209.0 199.5 176.0 173.0 209.0 209.0 185.0 140.5 281.0 200.0 249.5 215.0 200.0 273.0 241.0 388.0 273.0 498.0 412.0 482.0 475.5 474.5 502.0 530.0 946.0 946.0 70 Wt. Added Pounds Kgs 2333.5 2464.5 2355.0 2077.0 2038.5 2464.5 2464.5 2184.0 1655.5 3315.0 2361.5 2944.0 2537.0 2361.5 3222.5 2843.5 4576.5 3220.5 5876.5 4861.5 5687.0 5611.5 5597.5 5923.5 6256.0 11164.5 11164.5 1058.5 1118.0 1068.0 942.0 924.5 1118.0 1118.0 990.5 751.0 1503.5 1071.0 1335.5 1151.0 1071.0 1461.5 1290.0 2076.0 1461.0 2665.5 2205.0 2579.5 2545.5 2539.0 2687.0 2837.5 5064.0 5064.0 EARTHMOVER TIRES Bias Construction – Haulage Service HRR-1A (E-1) HRL-3A (E-3) SRB-7A (E-7) Hard Rock Rib tire for the steer axles. Three wide ribs help give a smooth ride and straight-ahead tracking while lateral tie bars and multiple breakers help stabilize the tread to reduce side slippage. Elliptical lateral tread lugs and a stabilizing center bar help provide a sure-footed grip. Our maximum flotation mobility tire. It has a wide face and even wearing rib tread design that is for use in soft, fine grain sand. It combines minimum sinkage, adequate traction, and minimizes heel-and-toe effect for enhanced performance in all wheel positions. HRL-4B (E-4) MRL-4B (E-4) A 150 level tire for the most severe mine, quarry and construction work. The deep tread and massive center rib provide long wear in tough environments. A 150 level all position tire for severe rock service operations where TMPH/TKPH is not excessive. The extra tread depth, relatively flat tread face, and a center riding rib help provide long wear. 71 EARTHMOVER TIRES Bias Construction – Haulage & Scraper Service HRL E/L-3A (E-3) SGL E/L-2A (E-2) HRL-3F (E-3) The wide base version of our popular HRL-3A provides excellent traction in both rough and soft underfoot conditions. Provides excellent traction in soft soil conditions. Tapered tread bars and an open center helps force mud and dirt out of the tread as the tire turns. Provides high traction and mobility for a scraper tire. Its tapered tread bars are exceptionally effective in soft underfoot conditions. A grooved centerline provides more biting edges and helps resist heat build-up. SHRL 8 (E-3) SHRL (E-3) Excellent traction in both rough and soft underfoot conditions. Nylon carcass and multiple breakers under the tread helps stand up to heavy off road hauling Wide base tire helps provide excellent traction in both rough and soft underfoot conditions. Multiple breakers under the tread to help stand up to heavy off road hauling. 72 EARTHMOVER TIRES Bias Construction – Dozer/Loader Service SGL D/L-2A (L-2) HRL D/L-3A (L-3) SHRL D/L (L-3) SHRL XT DL (L-4) Provides excellent traction in soft soil conditions. Tapered tread bars and an open center help force mud and dirt out of the tread as the tire turns. Heavy tread lugs deliver good traction while extra tough, cut resistant shoulders help provide protection in rough environments. Angled lug tire for use on front end loaders and dozers. Heavy driving bars and extra tough cut resistant shoulders help provide protection against job site hazards. Extra-tread tire with durable tread compounds. Heavy undertread and bold shoulder buttresses for enhanced durability in severe rock service. NRL D/L-4A (L-4) DRL 4/15C (L-4) HRL D/L-4G (L-4) A general purpose low profile (65 aspect ratio) tire built to help wear, traction, and toughness. A 150 level tread depth provides long wear. Multiple steel belts result in a wider, flatter footprint that help extend tread life. Half-trac design for severe operation. Steel breakers to aid cut resistance and toughness. Long wear provided by the massive lugs and tough tread. Enhanced cut and impact resistance from the steel breakers. 73 EARTHMOVER TIRES Bias Construction – Dozer/Loader Service NRL D/L-5A (L-5) NDL D/L-5/15C (L-5) SXT DL (L-5) A general purpose low profile (65 aspect ratio) tire, built to help wear, traction, and toughness. A 250 level tread depth helps provide long wear in severe rock service applications. Multiple steel belts aid tread life. A deep tread, low profile (65 aspect ratio) tire for underground operations. A 250 level tread depth and a 15:1 solid to void ratio help provide extra long wear. Multiple steel belts under the tread help promote longer wear and increase penetration resistance. This is a 250 tread level tire for front end loaders. The wide flat tread helps provide excellent wear and stability. The extra thick sidewall helps resist cuts. SMO D/L-5A, 5B,5C,5D (L-5S) NSM D/L-5B (L-5S) A 250 level smooth tread of Goodyear’s ultra abrasion resistant compound helps deliver the maximum wear in severe underground operations. A smooth tread low profile (65 aspect ratio) tire built to help deliver long wear and toughness in severe service operations. A 250 level tread depth and an abrasion resistant compound helps provide long wear. Multiple steel belts aid tread life. 74 EARTHMOVER TIRES Bias Construction – Grader Service RGB-1A (G-1) SGG-2A (G-2) An ideal tire for the front wheels of power graders and all wheels of drawn graders. Continuous ribs, deep tread grooves, and strong, stable construction help the operator make clean accurate blade cuts. An all purpose tire for graders which must operate in many types of environments. Double-pitch, overlapping tread bars help provide enhance traction on soft surfaces. HRL E/L-3A (G-3) SHRL XT DL (L-4) Heavy tread lugs help deliver good traction while extra tough, cut resistant shoulders aid maximum protection in rough environments. Extra-tread tire in a 23.5-25 size with a tough tread. Heavy under-tread and bold shoulder buttresses for enhanced toughness in severe rock service. SGL E/L-2A (G-2) Excellent traction in soft soil conditions. Tapered tread bars and an open center help force mud and dirt out of the tread as the tire turns. SXT DL (L-5) Super-extra tread in a 235-25 size for motor graders. Wide flat tread helps provide excellent wear and mobility. Extra thick sidewall helps resist cuts. 75 RKG-3A (G-3) Massive lugs and thick sidewalls help give excellent performance and toughness in severe pioneering work. The tread lugs are angled for enhanced forward and back traction over rough or soft surfaces. EARTHMOVER TIRES Bias Construction – Mine Service SMO-5A, 5B, 5C, 5D (L-5S) Smooth super extra tread for underground mine vehicles operating in severe environment. The extra thick sidewalls help resist cuts and snags. UMS-3A General purpose design for medium size underground mine equipment. Tire has a tough casing and helps provide excellent traction with a abrasion resistant tread. SMO D/L-5A, 5-B, 5-C, 5-D (L-5S) A 250 level smooth tread of Goodyear’s ultra abrasion resistant compound helps delivers excellent wear in severe underground operations. EARTHMOVER TIRES Bias Construction – Port & Container Service ELV-3A (IND 3) ELV-4/5A (IND-4) ELV-4B (IND-4) ELV-5D (IND-5) Excellent tire with tough casing and thick sidewalls for general purpose applications. Enhanced wear in severe applications due to the unique tread design having a high solid to void ratio footprint. Triple tread construction for enhanced stability. Smooth extra tread for superior wear and to help maximum resistance and related loss of service life. Extra tread tire for long wear and low cost per hour of operation. Good traction in poor underfoot conditions provided by the massive lug design. 76 EARTHMOVER TIRES Radial Construction – Scraper Service RL-2+ (E-3+T) RL-3 (E-3) RL-3J (E-3) Unique tire for use in both soft underfoot conditions and moderately severe operations. Provides good forward and lateral traction Standard 100 level tread depth helps in high speed operations in moderate to severe environments. Hefty shoulders help provide excellent forward traction. All purpose 100 level scraper tire with enhanced forward and lateral traction. Added sidewall cut protection provided by the extended sidewall buttressing. RT-3A (E-3) RT-3A+ (E-3+) Unique geometric lug pattern helps provide even pressure distribution, increases mobility and optimizes traction and treadwear. Wide lugs for smooth, vibration free ride. Buttressed shoulder lugs are self cleaning, helps extend treadlife and resist sidewall cutting. 77 EARTHMOVER TIRES Radial Construction – ADT Service GP-2B (E-3) GP-3D (E-3T) TL-3A+ (L-3+) For articulated dumps, it offers superb traction and excellent mobility. A zig-zag center rib helps to deliver long tread life. Centerline riding lugs offer good lateral traction, long wear and a smooth ride. 65 Series profile helps deliver high flotation, enhanced stability and reduced ground pressure. Wide open lug pattern for enhanced traction and ride. Enhanced groove design for excellent self cleaning even in muddy conditions. RL-2+ (E-3+T) GP-4B AT (E-4) GP-4D (E-4) Unique tire for use in both soft underfoot conditions and moderately severe operations. Provides good forward and lateral traction Its non-directional tread design offers superb forward and backward traction along with enhanced mobility. A zigzag center rib helps to deliver long tread life. The open face tread design and wide shoulder grooves are self cleaning for maximum traction. The interlocking lug design also helps enhance lateral traction. 78 EARTHMOVER TIRES Radial Construction – Haulage Service GP-2B (E-3) RL-3 (E-3) RL-3+ (E-3+) RL-3J (E-3) Non-directional tread design helps provide excellent traction and mobility. Solid center rib offers improved ride. Standard 100 level tread depth helps resist heat build up in high speed operations. Hefty shoulders helps provide excellent forward traction A 125 level tire for high speed haulage operations in medium to severe rock conditions. Extra tread depth helps cut protection. An all purpose tire for bottom and end dumps, its tread design delivers excellent forward and lateral traction. A 100 level tire allows for high speed operations for enhanced productivity. RL-4B (E-4) RL-4H (E-4) RL-4J (E-4) RL-4L (E-4) This 150 level tire with a flat tread radius provides enhanced traction and treadwear in severe rock conditions. Sidewall protection aided by the advanced shoulder buttress. A 150 level haulage tire for moderate to severe rock conditions. The non-directional tread helps offer excellent treadwear. An all purpose 150 level high speed haulage tire. Extended sidewall reinforcement helps provide added cut protection. Enhanced forward and lateral traction. Enhanced 150 level on/off road traction tire with a high tear tough tread. 79 EARTHMOVER TIRES Radial Construction – Haulage Service RL-4M+ (E-4) RT-4A (E-4) RT-4A+ (E-4) Aggressive extra deep tread tire for enhanced traction and long even wear. Buttressed shoulder lugs are self-cleaning and helps provide extended tread life and resist sidewall cutting. The submerged center rib enhances late life tread wear. This 150 level tire has a unique geometric lug pattern which helpfs provide even pressure distribution, increases mobility and optimizes traction and tread wear. This rugged tread design helps provide long, even wear. The buttressed shoulder lugs resist sidewall cutting. This open face tread design and wide shoulder grooves are self-cleaning for enhanced traction. The high tensile steel cord ply helps provides outstanding toughness and cut resistance. EARTHMOVER TIRES Radial Construction – Dozer/Loader Service AS-3A (L-3) GP-2B (L-3) RT-3B (L-3) This 100 level tire has multiple groove edges to help provide superior traction on all surfaces. Specially placed blades enhance traction on snow and ice. Its non-directional tread offers superb forward and backward traction along with excellent mobility. 100 level tire for use in high THPH applications. A zig-zag center rib helps to deliver long tread life. This 115 level tire has a large belt wire to help provide superior resistance to rock cuts and penetrations. Large shoulder grooves for excellent self cleaning and a wide tread width for enhanced traction and mobility. 80 EARTHMOVER TIRES Radial Construction – Dozer/Loader Service GP-3D (L-3) RL-2+ (L-3+) TL-3A+ (L-3+) Centerline riding lugs offer good lateral traction, long wear and a smooth ride. 65 Series profile helps deliver high flotation, improved stability and reduced ground pressure. A 125 level tire for loaders that operate in rough conditions. The thicker tread helps the tire wear longer and offer greater cut resistance than 100 level tires. Its non-directional tread helps deliver good forward and lateral traction. Wide open lug pattern for enhanced traction and ride. Enhanced groove design for excellent self cleaning in the muddy conditions. GP-4D (L-4) RL-4K (L-4) RT-5C (L-5) The open face tread design and wide shoulder grooves are self cleaning for enhanced traction. The interlocking lug design helps increase lateral traction. High tensile steel cord ply helps to provide outstanding toughness and cut resistance. Extra tread 150 level tire for quarry operations. Excellent load and carry capability from the radial construction and tough tread. A non-directional heavy duty tire for abrasive operating conditions. The open face tread design and wide shoulder grooves are self cleaning for excellent traction. 81 EARTHMOVER TIRES Radial construction - Loader/Underground Mine Service RL-5K (L-5) A 250 level tire for front end loaders that operate in very severe rock conditions above or below the ground. Wide shoulder slots provide enhanced traction. SM-5A (L-5S) RL-5S (L-5S) A 250 level tire with a smooth tread design that helps reduce lug tearing. It is long wearing and excellent for hard rock quarry and underground mine service. RL-5K 08/08 (L-5) Super extra tread design for severe service. Steel belts help provide cut and impact resistance. EARTHMOVER TIRES Radial Construction – Mobile Crane Service MC-1A (E-1) GP-2B (E-3) AT-2A (E-3) Tread design optimizes treadwear and minimizes noise and vibration. Good for on/off highway application and for high speed service. Solid center rib offers enhanced ride and fuel economy. The non-directional tread design provides enhanced traction and mobility. On and off road design for mobile crane service. It combines lateral and circumferential grooves to help provide enhanced traction in both wet and dry conditions. 82 EARTHMOVER TIRES Radial Construction – Grader Service SG-2B (G-2) AS-3A (G-3) RT-3B (G-3) The SG-2B is a 100 level grader tire with excellent traction and flotation on soft underfoot conditions. Radial carcass helps provide lower running temperatures and enhanced fuel economy. This 100 level tire has multiple groove edges to help provide superior traction on all surfaces. Specially placed blades enhance traction on snow and ice. This 115 level tire has a large belt wire for superior resistance to rock cuts and penetrations. Large shoulder grooves for excellent self cleaning and a wide tread width for enhanced traction and mobility. RL-2F (G-2) GP-2B (G-3) RL-2+ (G-3+) A 100 level tire for high speed operation in soft underfoot soil conditions. Directional tread is self cleaning and provides enhanced forward traction. This non-directional tread offers superb forward and backward traction along with enhanced mobility. A zig-zag center rib helps to deliver long tread life. A 125 level tire for graders that operate in rough conditions. The thicker tread helps wear longer and offer greater cut resistance than 100 level tires. The non-directional tread helps deliver good forward and lateral traction. 83 SECTION IV Load and Inflations For Goodyear Off-the-Road Tires Index: Conventional Sizes ............................................................................87-102 Wide Base Sizes ..............................................................................103-115 65 Series Sizes.................................................................................116-117 Metric Sizes .............................................................................................118 Underground Mine Service...............................................................119-121 Drive Away .......................................................................................122-127 84 LOAD LIMITS AT COLD INFLATION PRESSURES 5 MPH (10 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED COMPACTOR SERVICE BIAS 7.50-15NHS 6.00-16 7.50-16NHS PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG LBS KG 45 325 3460 1570 2300 1040 3620 1640 50 350 3700 1680 2450 1110 3860 1750 55 400 3900(6) 1770(6) 2600 1180 4080(6) 1850(6) 60 425 4100 1860 2750 1250 4280 1940 65 450 4300 1950 2900 1320 4500 2040 70 475 4500 2040 3000 1360 4680(8) 2120(8) 75 525 4680 2120 3100 1410 4880 2210 80 550 4860 2200 3200(6) 1450(6) 5080 2300 PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG LBS KG LBS KG 11 75 1050 475 1100 500 1320 600 2600 1180 15 100 1230 560 1280 580 1570 710 3090 1400 18 125 1430 650 1480 670 1760 800 3530 1600 22 150 1570 710 1650 750 1980 900 3860 1750 25 175 1710 775 1760 800 2150 975 4300 1950 29 200 1870 850 1930 875 2340 1060 4540 2060 33 225 1980 900 2090 950 2540 1150 4940 2240 36 250 2090 950 2200 1000 2680 1215 5200 2360 PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG LBS KG LBS KG 11 75 1230 560 1280 580 1570 710 3090 1400 15 100 1480 670 1520 690 1870 850 3640 1650 18 125 1650 750 1760 800 2090 950 4080 1850 22 150 1870 850 1930 875 2340 1060 4540 2060 25 175 2040 925 2090 950 2600 1180 5070 2300 29 200 2200 1000 2270 1030 2760 1250 5360 2430 33 225 2340 1060 2470 1120 3000 1360 5840 2650 36 250 2470 1120 2600 1180 3310 1500 6170 2800 PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG LBS KG LBS KG 11 75 1820 825 1870 850 2270 1030 4410 2000 15 100 2150 975 2200 1000 2680 1215 5360 2430 18 125 2470 1120 2540 1150 3090 1400 6010 2725 22 150 2680 1215 2830 1285 3420 1550 6780 3075 25 175 3000 1360 3090 1400 3750 1700 7390 3350 29 200 3200 1450 3310 1500 4080 1850 8050 3650 33 225 3420 1550 3530 1600 4300 1950 8540 3875 36 250 3640 1650 3860 1750 4670 2120 9090 4125 40 MPH (65 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD SAND SERVICE BIAS 9.00-15 9.00-16 11.00-16 16.00-16 85 30 MPH (50 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD SAND SERVICE BIAS 9.00-15 9.00-16 11.00-16 16.00-16 5 MPH (10 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD SAND SERVICE BIAS 9.00-15 9.00-16 11.00-16 16.00-16 85 575 5040 2290 3370 1530 5260 2390 90 625 5200(10) 2360(10) 3500 1590 5440(10) 2470(10) 95 650 5380 2440 3600 1630 5600 2540 100 675 5540 2510 3700 1680 5780 2620 105 725 5700 2590 3800 1720 5940 2690 110 750 5860(12) 2650(12) 3820(8) 1730(8) 6100(12) 2770(12) 125 850 4200(10) 1910(10) LOAD LIMITS AT COLD INFLATION PRESSURES 5 MPH (10 KM/H) OFF-THE-ROAD SLOW SPEED SERVICE RADIAL 12.00R20NHS BIAS 7.50-20NHS BIAS PSI KPA LBS 80 550 9900* 98 675 11700 102 700 12000 105 725 12300 109 750 12800 112 775 12800 116 800 13200 120 825 13600** 123 850 13900 127 875 13900 131 900 14300 4500* 5300 5450 5600 5800 5800 6000 6150** 6300 6300 6500 6700 KPA 675 700 725 750 775 800 825 850 875 900 925 950 PSI LBS 98 6000 KG 2722 KPA 500 PSI 73 102 6150 2790 76 525 105 6400 2903 80 550 109 112 116 120 123 127 131 134 6950L 6950L 7150 L 7400 L 7400L 7600(16)L 83 87 91 94 98 102 105 109 112 116 2903L 575 2994L 600 2994L 625 3084L 650 3153L 675 3153L 700 3243L 725 3357L 775 800 4125L 4125L 4250(16)L 7850(12) 8050 8250 8550 8550(14) 8800 9100L 10.00-20ML LBS 8050 8250 8550(12) 8800 8800 9100 9350(14) 9650 9900 9900 10200(16)L 8550 8800 9100(12) 9350 9350 9650 9900(14) 10200 10470 10750(16) 9900(12) 10200 10500 10700(14) 11000 11400 11700 12000(16) 12300 12300 86 KG 3650 KG 3875 KG 4500(12) LBS LBS 3750 4000 4625 3875(12) 4125(12) 4750 3450 4000 4250 4875(14) 3530(12) 4000 4250 5000 3650 4125 4375 5150 30 MPH50 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD HAULAGE SERVICE BIAS PSI KPA 40 275 44 300 47 325 51 350 54 375 58 400 3750 4250(14) 4500(14) 5300 62 425 3875 4375 4625 5450(16) 65 450 10.00-20ML LBS 3860 4080(10) 4300 4400 4680(12) 4800 4940 5200(14) 12.00-20NHS LBS 4800 5080 5360 5520 5840(14) 6000 6150 6400(16) KG KG 1750 2180 1850(10) 2300 L Permafoam inflation or special rim required. 1950 2430 2000 2500 2120(12) 2650(14) 2180 2725 2240 2800 2360(14) 2900(16) 3875(14) 4500 4750 5600 69 475 5360 2430 4000 4500 4875(16) 5600 73 500 5520(16) 2500(16) 3447(16)L 750 7600 3450 3357L 9100L 141 975 15200 6900 145 1000 15700 7100 975 6800L 7600 3350 141 6800L 7400 3250 15200*** 6900*** 6600L 7150 KG 138 138 950 6400L LBS 12.00-20NHS 14800 KG 9.50-20NHS 11.00-20NHS 134 925 9350(16)L 120 825 149 1025 4625(16)L 12800L 5800L 12800L 5800L 13200L 6000L 13600(20)L 15200(28)L 6150(20)L 6900(28)L LOAD LIMITS AT COLD INFLATION PRESSURES 25 MPH (40 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD TRACTOR AND GRADER SERVICE PSI KPA LBS KG 22 150 3740 1700 25 175 4080 1850 29 200 4400 2000 33 225 4680(10) 2120(10) PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG 26 180 2920 1325 3460 1570 29 200 3020 1370 3690 1675 32 220 3150 1430 3890 1765 36 250 3550(6) 1610(6) 4210 1910 41 280 3780 1715 4495 2040 44 300 3935(8) 1785(8) 4660(10) 2125(10) 48 330 3980 1800 4915 2230 51 350 4365 1980 5070(12) 2300(12) 54 375 4560(10) 2070(10) BIAS 14.00-20ML PSI KPA LBS KG 40 275 5620 2575 45 310 6020 2725 50 345 6400 2900 55 380 6770(G) 3075(G) 60 415 7120 3250 65 450 7470 3350 70 485 7800(H) 3550(H) 75 515 8120 3650 80 550 8430 3875 85 585 8740(J) 4000(J) 90 620 9040 4125 95 655 9320 4250 BIAS 14.00-20NHS PSI KPA LBS KG 40 275 6600(12) 3000(12) 44 300 6950 3150 47 325 7400 3350 51 350 7600 3450 54 375 8050(16) 3650(16) 58 400 8250 3750 62 425 8550 3875 65 450 8800 4000 69 475 9100(20) 4125(20) 73 500 9370 4250 76 525 9650 4375 80 550 9920(24) 4500(24) PSI KPA LBS KG PSI KPA LBS KG 69 475 13200 6000 44 300 8550 3875 73 500 13900 6300 47 325 8800 4000 76 525 14300 6500 51 350 9350 4250 80 550 14800 6700 54 375 9650(10) 4375(10) 83 575 14800 6700 87 600 15200 6900 91 625 15700(18) 7100(18) 94 650 16100 7300 98 675 16500 7500 102 700 16500(20) 7500(20) 105 725 17100 7750 109 750 17600L 8000L PSI KPA LBS KPA 11 75 2600 1180 15 100 3090 1400 18 125 3530 1600 22 150 3970 1800 25 175 4300 1950 33 225 4940 2240 36 250 5360(12) 2430(12) BIAS 13.00-20TG 25 MPH (40 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD INDUSTRIAL TRACTOR SERVICE BIAS 10.5-20MPT 12.5-20MPT 50 MPH (80 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD MINING AND LOGGING SERVICE 30 MPH (50 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD HAULAGE SERVICE 87 5 MPH (10 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD SLOW SPEED SERVICE BIAS 14.00-20NHS 13.00-20TG 40 MPH (65 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD SAND SERVICE BIAS 14.00-20 L Permafoam inflation or special rim required. 29 200 4670(10) 2120(10) 100 690 9610(L) 4375(L) 123 850 18700(24)L 8500(24)L LOAD LIMITS AT COLD INFLATION PRESSURES 55 MPH (90 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED HAULAGE SERVICE RADIAL 14.00R20/21 16.00R20/21 PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG 55 375 6410 2900 8770 3975 60 400 6860 3100 9390 4250 65 450 7300 3300 9990 4525 70 475 7720(G) 3500(G) 10560 4800 75 525 8120 3675 11110 5050 80 550 8510 3850 11650 5275 85 575 8890(H) 4025(H) 12160 5525 90 625 9260 4200 12660 5750 95 650 9610 4350 13150 5975 100 700 9960(J) 4525(J) 13630(L) 6175(L) 105 725 10300 4675 14090 6400 PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG 65 450 8250 3750 10500 4750 69 475 8550* 3875* 11000* 5000* 73 500 8800 4000 11400 5150 76 525 9100 4125 11700 5300 80 550 9350 4250 12000 5450 83 575 9650 4375 12300 5600 87 600 10200 4625 12800 5800 91 625 10500 4750 13200 6000 94 650 10700 4850 13900 6300 98 675 11000 5000 14300 6500 102 700 11400** 5175** 14800** 6700** PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG 76 525 13200 6000 17600 8000 80 550 13600* 6150* 18200* 8250* 83 575 14300 6500 18700 8500 87 600 14800 6700 19300 8750 91 625 15200 6900 19800 9000 94 650 15700 7100 20400 9250 98 675 16100 7300 21500 9750 102 700 16500 7500 22000 10000 105 725 17100 7750 22700 10300 109 750 17100 7750 22700 10300 112 775 17600 8000 23400 10600 PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG 11 75 3530 1600 4940 2240 15 100 4080 1850 5840 2650 18 125 4670 2120 6780 3075 22 150 5200 2360 7390 3350 25 175 5680 2575 8270 3750 29 200 6170 2800 8820 4000 33 225 6610 3000 9370 4250 36 250 7170 3250 10200 4625 PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG 11 75 4080 1850 6010 2725 15 100 4940 2240 7170 3250 18 125 5510 2500 8050 3650 22 150 6170 2800 9090 4125 25 175 6780 3075 9920 4500 29 200 7380 3350 10750 4875 33 225 7830 3550 11350 5150 36 250 8270 3750 12350 5600 PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG 11 75 6010 2725 7830 3530 15 100 7170 3250 9370 4250 18 125 8050 3650 10750 4875 22 150 9090 4125 12020 5450 25 175 9920 4500 12790 5800 29 200 10750 4875 13890 6300 33 225 11350 5150 15210 6900 36 250 12350 5600 16090 7300 30 MPH (50 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD SERVICE RADIAL 14.00R20/21 16.00R20/21 5 MPH (10 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD SERVICE RADIAL 14.00R20/21 16.00R20/21 88 40 MPH (65 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD SAND SERVICE BIAS 16.00-20 24-20.5 30 MPH (50 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD SAND SERVICE BIAS 16.00-20 24-20.5 5 MPH (10 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD SAND SERVICE BIAS 16.00-20 24-20.5 110 750 10620 4825 14540(M) 6600(M) 115 800 1960(L) 4975(L) 116 800 18200 8250 24000 10900 120 825 18700** 8500** 24700** 11200** LOAD LIMITS AT COLD INFLATION PRESSURES 55 MPH (90 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED HAULAGE SERVICE RADIAL 14.00R21 16.00R21 PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG 65 450 7300 3310 9990 4530 70 480 7830(G) 3550(G) 10560 4790 75 520 8250 3740 11110 5040 80 550 8670 3930 11650 5280 85 590 9090(H) 4125(H) 12160 5520 90 620 9460 4290 12660 5740 95 660 9830 4460 13150 5960 100 690 10200(J) 4625(J) 13900(L) 6300(L) 105 720 10470 4750 14350 6500 110 760 10740 4880 14800(M) 6700(M) 115 790 11000(L) 5000(L) PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG 40 275 8800 4000 5520 2500 44 300 9350 4250 5680 2575 47 325 9650(16) 4375(16) 6000 2725 51 350 10200 4625 6150 2800 54 375 10500 4750 6600(14) 3000(14) 58 400 11000(20) 5000(20) 6800 3075 62 425 65 450 69 475 73 500 76 525 80 550 6950 3150 7150(16) 3250(16) 7390 3350 7610 3450 7830 3550 8050(20) 3650(20) PSI KPA LBS KG 69 475 11000 5000 73 500 11400 5150 76 525 11700 5300 80 550 12000 5450 83 575 12300 5600 87 600 12300 5600 91 625 12800 5800 94 650 13200 6000 98 675 13600(16) 6150(16) 102 700 13600 6150 105 725 13900 6300 109 750 14300L 6500L PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG 11 75 4940 2240 6390 2900 15 100 5840 2650 7610 3450 18 125 6780 3075 8820 4000 22 150 7390 3350 9650 4375 25 175 8270 3750 10750 4875 29 200 8820 4000 11350 5150 33 225 9370 4250 12350 5600 36 250 10200 4625 13230 6000 PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG 11 75 7830 3550 10200 4625 15 100 9370 4250 12020 5450 18 125 10750 4875 13890 6300 22 150 12020 5450 15210 6900 25 175 12790 5800 17090 7750 29 200 13890 6300 18190 8250 33 225 15210 6900 19290 8750 36 250 16090(12) 7300(12) 20940 9500 30 MPH (50 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD HAULAGE SERVICE BIAS 16.00-21NHS 12.00-24NHS 5 MPH (10 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD SLOW SPEED SERVICE BIAS 12.00-24NHS 89 40 MPH (65 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD SAND SERVICE BIAS 24-21 27.25-21 5 MPH (10 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD SAND SERVICE BIAS 24-21 27.25-21 L Permafoam inflation or special rim required. 83 575 112 775 14800L 6700L 116 800 14800L 6700L 120 825 15200(20)L 6900(20)L LOAD LIMITS AT COLD INFLATION PRESSURES 30 MPH (50 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD HAULAGE SERVICE RADIAL 12.00R24NHS PSI KPA LBS KG 65 450 6400 2900 69 475 6600* 3000* 73 500 6950 3150 76 525 7150 3250 80 550 7400 3350 83 575 7850 3550 87 600 8050 3650 91 625 8250 3750 94 650 8550 3875 98 675 8800 4000 102 700 8800** 4000** 105 725 9100 4125 109 750 9350L 4250L PSI KPA LBS KG PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG 29 200 4080 1850 18 125 3200 1450 3740 1700 33 225 4400 2000 22 150 3520(6) 1600(6) 4180(6) 1900(6) 36 250 4800 2180 25 175 3860 1750 4540(8) 2060(8) 40 275 5200 2360 29 200 4180(8) 1900(8) 4940 2240 44 300 5520 2500 33 225 47 325 5840 2650 36 250 51 350 6150 2800 40 275 54 375 6600* 3000* 5200(10) 2360(10) 5520 2500 5840(12) 2650(12) PSI KPA LBS KG PSI KPA LBS KG PSI KPA LBS KG PSI KPA LBS KG 76 525 10700 4875 36 250 7400 3350 51 350 9350 4250 44 300 9350(8) 4250(8) 80 550 11400* 5150* 40 275 7850 3550 54 375 9900 4500 47 325 9900 4500 83 575 11700 5300 44 300 8050 3650 58 400 10500 4750 51 350 10500 4750 87 600 12000 5450 47 325 8550(8) 3875(8) 62 425 11000 5000 54 375 10700(10) 5000(10) 91 625 12300 5600 51 350 94 650 12800 5800 98 675 13200 6000 102 700 13600 6150 105 725 13900 6300 109 750 14300L 6500L 112 775 14300L 6500L 116 800 14800L 6700L 120 825 15200**L 6900**L 65 450 11400 5150 58 400 11400 5150 69 475 12000 5450 62 425 11700 5300 73 500 12300 5600 65 450 12000(12) 5600(12) 76 525 12800 5800 69 475 12300 5600 80 550 13200* 6000* 73 500 12800 5800 76 525 13200(14) 6000(14) 80 550 13600 6150 83 575 13900 6300 87 600 19300(16) 6500(16) 25 MPH (40 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD TRACTOR AND GRADER SERVICE RADIAL 13.00R24TG BIAS 12.00-24TG 13.00-24TG 90 5 MPH (10 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD SLOW SPEED SERVICE RADIAL 12.00R24NHS BIAS 12.00-24TG RADIAL 13.00R24TG BIAS 13.00-24TG L Permafoam inflation or special rim required. 112 775 9650L 4375L 116 800 9900***L 4500***L 131 900 16100***L 7300***L 55 MPH (90 KM/H) HIGHWAY SERVICE LOAD LIMITS AT COLD INFLATION PRESSURES PSI KPA LBS KG 65 450 8150 3700 70 475 8620 3910 75 525 9070 4110 80 550 9500 4310 85 575 9930 4500 90 625 10340 4690 95 650 10730 4870 100 700 11400(J) 5150(J) 105 725 11700 5300 110 750 12000 5450 PSI KPA LBS KG 55 380 7560 3430 60 410 7960 3610 65 450 8340 3780 70 480 8820(H) 4000(H) 75 520 9070 4110 80 550 9410 4270 85 590 9920(J) 4500(J) 90 620 10090 4580 95 660 10410 4720 100 690 11000(L) 5000(L) PSI BIAS KPA 14.00-24/25NHS LBS KG PSI RADIAL KPA 14.00R24/25NHS LBS KG 51 350 8550 3875 65 450 8800 4000 54 375 8800(16) 4000(16) 69 475 9100* 4125* 58 400 9350 4250 73 500 9650 4375 62 425 9650 4375 76 525 9900 4500 65 450 9900 4500 80 550 10200 4625 69 475 10200(20) 4625(20) 83 575 10500 4750 73 500 10500 4750 87 600 11000 5000 76 525 10700 4875 91 625 11400 5150 80 550 11000(24) 5000(24) 94 650 11700 5300 83 575 11400 5150 98 675 12000 5450 87 600 11700 5300 102 700 12300** 5600** 91 625 12000 5450 105 725 12300 5600 PSI KPA LBS KG PSI KPA LBS KG 22 150 5080 2300 29 200 4940 2240 25 175 5520 2500 33 225 5360 2430 29 200 5840 2650 36 250 5840 2650 33 225 6150(10) 2800(10) 40 275 6150 2800 36 250 6800(12) 3075(12) 44 300 6600 3000 40 275 7150 3250 47 325 7150 3250 44 300 7600 3450 51 350 7400 3350 47 325 7850 3550 54 375 8050* 3650* 51 350 8050(16) 3650(16) 76 525 15700 7100 47 325 12000 5450 76 525 14800 6700 80 550 16100 7300 51 350 12300(10) 5600(10) 80 550 15200* 6900* 83 575 16500 7500 54 375 13200 6000 83 575 15700 7100 87 600 17100 7750 58 400 13600 6150 87 600 16500 7500 91 625 17600 8000 62 425 13900(12) 6300(12) 91 625 17100 7750 94 650 18200 8250 65 450 14300 6500 94 650 17600 8000 98 675 18200 8250 69 475 14800 6700 98 675 17600 8000 102 700 18700(20) 8500(20) 73 500 15200 6900 102 700 18200 8250 105 725 19300 8750 76 525 15700 7100 105 725 18700 8500 109 750 19300 8750 80 550 16100(16) 7300(16) 109 750 19300 8750 112 775 19800 9000 116 800 20400 9250 112 775 19800 9000 116 800 20400 9250 RADIAL 14.00R24 (385/95R24) 50 MPH (80 KM/H) HIGHWAY SERVICE BIAS 14.00-24/25ML 30 MPH (50 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD HAULAGE SERVICE 91 25 MPH (40 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED ROAD TRACTOR AND GRADER SERVICE BIAS 14.00-24TG RADIAL 14.00R24TG 5 MPH (10 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD SLOW SPEED SERVICE PSI BIAS KPA 14.00-24/25NHS LBS KG PSI BIAS KPA 14.00-24TG LBS KG PSI RADIAL KPA 14.00R24/25NHS LBS KG L Permafoam inflation or special rim required. 115 800 12300(L) 5600(L) 131 900 13270(M) 6000(M) 94 650 12300(28) 5600(28) 109 750 12800 5800 120 825 20900** 9500** 141 975 13930(N) 6300(N) 112 775 13200 6000 116 800 13600*** 6150*** 123 850 20900(24) 9500(24) 141 975 22700(28)L 10300(28)L 131 900 22000***L 10000***L LOAD LIMITS AT COLD INFLATION PRESSURES 30 MPH (50 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD HAULAGE SERVICE BIAS 16.00-24 18.00-24 BIAS 20-24 PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG PSI KPA LBS KG 40 275 9650 4375 12300(16) 5600(16) 29 200 9370(12) 4250(12) 44 300 10200(16) 4625(16) 13200 6000 33 225 47 325 10700 4875 13900 6300 36 250 10750(14) 4875(14) 51 350 11000 5000 14300(20) 6500(20) PSI KPA LBS KG PSI KPA LBS KG 22 150 6600 3000 25 175 5680 2525 PSI KPA LBS 44 300 14780 54 375 11700 5300 15200 6900 58 400 12000(20) 5450(20) 15700 7100 25 175 7150 3250 29 200 6400 2900 29 200 7600 3450 33 225 6950 3150 33 225 8050(12) 3650(12) 36 250 7400 3250 36 250 8800 4000 40 275 8050 3650 40 275 9350 4250 44 300 8550 4875 44 300 9900(16) 4500(16) 47 325 9100 4125 51 350 9650 4375 47 325 15700(12) 51 350 16100 54 375 17100 58 400 17600 62 425 18200(16) 65 450 18700 69 475 19300 62 425 16100(24) 7300(24) 25 MPH (40 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD TRACTOR AND GRADER SERVICE BIAS 16.00-24TG 92 RADIAL 16.00R24TG 5 MPH (10 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD SLOW SPEED SERVICE BIAS 16.00-24TG KG 6700 7100(12) 7300 7750 8000 8250(16) 8500 8750 54 375 10200* 4625* LOAD LIMITS AT COLD INFLATION PRESSURES 30 MPH (50 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD HAULAGE SERVICE BIAS 16.00-25 RADIAL 16.00R25 PSI KPA LBS KG PSI KPA LBS KG 40 275 9650 4375 65 450 11400 5150 44 300 10200 4625 69 475 12000* 5450* 46 325 10700 4875 73 500 12300 5600 51 350 11000 5000 76 525 12800 5800 54 375 11700 5300 80 550 13200 6000 58 400 12000(20) 5450(20) 83 575 13900 6300 62 425 12300 5600 87 600 14300 6500 65 450 12800 5800 91 625 14800 6700 69 475 13200(24) 6000(24) 94 650 15200 6900 73 500 13900 6300 98 675 15700 7100 76 525 14300 6500 102 700 16100** 7300** 80 550 14300 6500 83 575 14800(28) 6700(28) PSI KPA LBS KG PSI KPA LBS KG PSI KPA LBS KG 69 475 19300 8750 116 800 26800 12150 76 525 19300 8750 73 500 19800 9000 120 825 26800 12150 80 550 19800* 9000* 76 525 20400 9250 123 850 27600 12500 83 575 20400 9250 80 550 21500(20) 9750(20) 127 875 27600(32) 12500(32) 87 600 21500 9750 83 575 22000 10000 131 900 28300 12850 91 625 22000 10000 87 600 22000 10000 134 925 29100 13200 94 650 22700 10300 91 625 22700 10300 138 950 29100 13200 98 675 23400 10600 94 650 23400(24) 10600(24) 141 975 30000(36) 13600(36) 102 700 24000 10900 98 675 24000 10900 145 1000 30000 13600 105 725 24700 11200 102 700 24700 11200 149 1025 30900 14000 109 750 25400 11500 105 725 24700 11200 109 750 25400(28) 11500(28) 112 775 26000 11800 116 800 26800 12150 32000(40)L 14500(40)L 120 825 26800** 12150** 5 MPH (10 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD SLOW SPEED SERVICE BIAS 16.00-25 93 RADIAL 16.00R25 L Permafoam inflation or special rim required. 112 775 26000 11800 94 650 16100(32) 7300(32) Continued 131 900 29100*** 13200*** LOAD LIMITS AT COLD INFLATION PRESSURES 30 MPH (50 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD HAULAGE SERVICE BIAS 18.00-25 RADIAL 18.00R25 PSI KPA LBS KG PSI KPA LBS KG 40 275 12300(16) 5600(16) 65 450 14800 6700 44 300 13200 6000 69 475 15700* 7100* 47 325 13900 6300 73 500 16100 7300 51 350 14300(20) 6500(20) 76 525 16500 7500 54 375 15200 6900 80 550 17100 7750 PSI KPA LBS KG PSI KPA LBS KG 25 175 8550 3875 36 250 9650 4375 29 200 9100(12) 4125(12) 40 275 10500 4750 33 225 9900 4500 44 300 11000 5000 36 250 11000(16) 5000(16) 47 325 11700 5300 51 350 12300* 5600* PSI KPA LBS KG PSI KPA LBS KG PSI KPA LBS KG 69 475 25400(20) 11500(20) 116 800 34200 15500 76 525 24700 11200 73 500 26000 11800 120 825 35300 16000 80 550 26000* 11800* 76 525 26800 12150 123 850 35300(36) 16000(36) 83 575 26800 12150 80 550 27600(24) 12500(24) 127 875 36400 16500 87 600 27600 12500 83 575 28300 12850 131 900 36400 16500 91 625 28300 12850 58 400 15700 7100 83 575 17600 8000 62 425 16100(24) 7300(24) 87 600 18200 8250 65 450 16500 7500 91 625 18700 8500 69 475 17100 7750 94 650 19300 8750 73 500 17600(28) 8000(28) 98 675 19800 9000 76 525 18200 8250 102 700 20400** 9250** 80 550 18700 8500 83 575 19300(32) 8750(32) 94 650 30000(28) 13600(28) 98 675 30900 14000 102 700 32000 14500 105 725 32000 14500 109 750 33100(32) 15000(32) 112 775 33100 15000 102 700 30900 14000 105 725 32000 14500 109 750 33100 15000 112 775 33100 15000 116 800 34200 15500 120 825 35300** 16000** 25 MPH (40 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD TRACTOR AND GRADER SERVICE BIAS 18.00-25 RADIAL 18.00R25 94 5 MPH (10 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD SLOW SPEED SERVICE BIAS 18.00-25 RADIAL 18.00R25 For 18.00-25 Sand Service loads and inflations see page 97 87 600 29100 13200 134 925 37500 17000 94 650 29100 13200 91 625 30000 13600 138 950 37500(40) 17000(40) 98 675 30000 13600 102 700 21500(40) 9750(40) Continued 131 900 37500*** 17000*** LOAD LIMITS AT COLD INFLATION PRESSURES 30 MPH (50 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD HAULAGE SERVICE BIAS 21.00-25 BIAS 22-25 RADIAL 21.0R25 54 375 19300(24) 8750(24) 58 400 19800 9000 62 425 20900(28) 9500(28) 65 450 21500 9750 69 475 22000 10000 73 500 22700(32) 10300(32) 73 500 20900 9500 51 350 18700 8500 36 250 9660(16) 4380(16) 76 525 22000 10000 80 550 22700 10300 83 575 23400 10600 87 600 24000 10900 91 625 25400 11500 94 650 26000 11800 98 675 26800 12150 102 700 27600** 12500** 123 850 34200 15500 80 550 35300 16000 30000 13600 44 300 15350 7025 87 600 35300 16000 127 875 34200 15500 83 575 36400(28) 16500(28) 30900 14000 47 325 16100 7350 91 625 36400 16500 131 900 35300 16000 87 600 37500 17000 32000(30) 14500(30) 51 350 16850 7675 94 650 37500 17000 134 925 35300 16000 91 625 37500 17000 32000 14500 54 375 17600(16) 8000(16) 98 675 38600 17500 138 950 36400 16500 94 650 38600(32) 17500(32) 33100 15000 141 975 36400 16500 98 675 39700 18000 34200 15500 145 1000 37500 17000 102 700 40800 18500 35300(36) 16000(36) 149 1025 37500 17000 105 725 41900(36) 19000(36) 152 1050 38600(44) 17500(44) 109 750 43000 19500 112 775 43000 19500 36 250 13850 6375 80 550 33100* 15000* 120 825 33100 15000 78 525 34200 15500 29100 13200 40 275 14600(12) 6700(12) 83 575 34200 15500 102 700 39700 18000 105 725 40800 18500 109 750 41900 19000 112 775 4300 19500 116 800 44100 20000 120 825 45400** 20600** 11 75 4940 2240 6390 2900 15 100 5840 2650 7610 3450 18 125 6610 3000 8540 3875 22 150 7390 3350 9650 4375 25 175 8050 3650 10470 4750 29 200 8820 4000 11350 5150 33 225 9370 4250 12020 5450 36 250 9920 4500 12790 5800 PSI KPA LBS KG PSI KPA LBS KG PSI KPA LBS KG 40 275 16100 7300 25 175 7940(12) 3600(12) 65 450 19800 9050 PSI KPA LBS KG PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG PSI KPA LBS KG PSI KPA LBS KG 116 800 33100 15000 73 500 33100(24) 15000(24) PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG 44 300 17100 7750 29 200 47 325 17600 8000 33 225 69 475 20400* 9250* 5 MPH (10 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD SLOW SPEED SERVICE BIAS 61X18.00-25 95 BIAS 21.00-25 23/90-25 BIAS 22-25 RADIAL 21.00R25 40 MPH (65 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD SAND SERVICE BIAS 1800-25 2100-25 116 800 44100 20000 120 825 45400(40) 20600(40) 131 900 48100*** 21800*** LOAD LIMITS AT COLD INFLATION PRESSURES 30 MPH (50 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD HAULAGE SERVICE BIAS 18.00-33 21.00-35 RADIAL 18.00R33 21.00R33 21.00R35 PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG LBS KG 40 275 14300 6500 19300 8750 65 450 17100 7750 22000 10000 22700 10300 44 300 15200 6900 19800 9000 69 475 17600* 8000* 22700* 10300* 23400* 10600* 47 325 16100 7300 20900 9500 73 500 18700 8500 24000 10900 24700 11200 51 350 16500 7500 22000 10000 76 525 19300 8750 24700 11200 25400 11500 54 375 17600 8000 22700 10300 80 550 19800 9000 25400 11500 26000 11800 58 400 18200 8250 24000 10900 83 575 20400 9250 26000 11800 26800 12150 62 425 18700(24) 8500(24) 24700(28) 11200(28) 87 600 21500 9750 27600 12500 28300 12850 65 450 19300 8750 25400 11500 91 625 22000 10000 28300 12850 29100 13200 69 475 19800 9000 26000 11800 94 650 22700 10300 29100 13200 30000 13600 73 500 20400(28) 9250(28) 26800(32) 12150(32) 98 675 23400 10600 30000 13600 30900 14000 76 525 21500 9750 27600 12500 102 700 24000** 10900** 30900** 14000** 32000** 14500** 80 550 22000 10000 28300(36) 12850(36) PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG LBS 69 475 29100 13200 38600 17500 76 525 29100 13200 37500 17000 38600 73 500 30000 13600 39700 18000 80 550 30000* 13600* 38600* 17500* 39700* 76 525 30900 14000 40800 18500 83 575 30900 14000 39700 18000 40800 80 550 32000(24) 14500(24) 41900 19000 87 600 32000 14500 40800 18500 41900 83 575 33100 15000 43000(28) 19500(28) 91 625 33100 15000 41900 19000 43000 87 600 33100 15000 44100 20000 94 650 34200 15500 43000 19500 44100 91 625 34200 15500 45400 20600 98 675 35300 16000 44100 20000 45400 94 650 35300(28) 16000(28) 46700(32) 21200(32) 102 700 36400 16500 45400 20600 46700 98 675 36400 16500 46700 21200 105 725 36400 16500 46700 21200 48100 102 700 36400 16500 48100 21800 109 750 37500 17000 48100 21800 49400 105 725 37500 17000 49400 22400 112 775 38600 17500 49400 22400 50700 109 750 38600(32) 17500(32) 50700(36) 23000(36) 116 800 39700 18000 50700 23000 52000 5 MPH (10 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD SLOW SPEED SERVICE 96 BIAS 18.00-33 21.00-35 RADIAL 18.00R33 21.00R33 21.00R35 KG 17500 18000* 18500 19000 19500 20000 20600 21200 21800 22400 23000 23600 83 575 22700(32) 10300(32) 120 825 40800** 18500** 52000** 23600** 53600** 24300** 87 600 22700 10300 120 825 40800(36) 18600(36) 53600(42) 24000(42) 91 625 23400(36) 10600(36) 131 900 43000*** 19500*** LOAD LIMITS AT COLD INFLATION PRESSURES 30 MPH (50 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD HAULAGE SERVICE BIAS 24.00-35 BIAS 24.00-43 BIAS 18.00-49 21.00-49 97 RADIAL 24.00R35 PSI KPA LBS KG PSI KPA LBS KG PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG PSI KPA LBS KG 40 275 24700 11200 65 450 36400 16500 40 275 18200 8250 23400 10600 65 450 29100 13200 44 300 26000 11800 69 475 27500(36) 17000(36) 44 300 19300 8750 24000 10900 69 475 30000* 13600* 47 325 26800 12150 73 500 38600 17500 47 325 20400 9250 25400 11500 73 500 30900 14000 51 350 28300 12850 76 525 39700 18000 51 350 20900 9500 26800 12150 76 525 32000 14500 54 375 29100 13200 80 550 40800 18500 54 375 22000 10000 28700 12500 80 550 34200 15500 58 400 30900(30) 14000(30) 83 575 41900(42) 19000(42) 58 400 22700 10300 29100 13200 83 575 35300 16000 62 425 32000 14500 87 600 43000 19500 62 425 23400(24) 10600(24) 30000 13600 87 600 36400 16500 65 450 33100 15000 91 625 44100 20000 65 450 24700 11200 30900 14000 91 625 37500 17000 69 475 34200(36) 15500(36) 94 650 45400(48) 20600(48) 69 475 25400 11500 32000 14500 94 650 38600 17500 73 500 34200 15500 76 525 35300 16000 80 550 36400 16500 83 575 37500(42) 17000(42) 73 500 26000(28) 11800(28) 33100(32) 15000(32) 98 675 39700 18000 76 525 26800 12150 34200 15500 102 700 40800** 18500** 80 550 27600 12500 34200(36) 15500(36) 83 575 28300(32) 12850(32) PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG LBS KG PSI KPA LBS 69 475 49400 22400 37500 17000 46700 21200 76 525 48100 73 500 50700 23000 38600 17500 48100 21800 80 550 50700* 76 525 52000(30) 23600(30) 39700 18000 49400 22400 83 575 53600 80 550 53600 24300 40800(24) 18500(24) 50700 23000 87 600 55100 83 575 55100 25000 41900 19000 52000 23600 91 625 56800 87 600 56800 25750 41900 19000 53600 24300 94 650 58400 91 625 58400 26500 43000 19500 55100 25000 98 675 60000 94 650 58400(36) 26500(36) 44100(28) 20000(28) 55100(32) 25000(32) 102 700 61500 98 675 60000 27250 45400 20600 56800 25750 105 725 64000 102 700 61500 28000 46700 21200 58400 26500 109 750 64000 105 725 64000 29000 46700 21200 60000 27250 112 775 66000 109 750 64000(42) 29000(42) 48100(32) 21800(32) 60000(36) 27250(36) 116 800 66000 5 MPH (10 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD SLOW SPEED SERVICE BIAS 24.00-35 18.00-49 21.00-49 RADIAL 24.00R35 KG 21800 23000* 24300 25000 25750 26500 27250 28000 29000 29000 30000 30000 120 825 68000** 30750** 131 900 74000*** 33600*** LOAD LIMITS AT COLD INFLATION PRESSURES 30 MPH (50 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD HAULAGE SERVICE BIAS 24.00-49 27.00-49 RADIAL 24.00R49 27.00R49 PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG 47 325 32000 14500 39700 18000 65 450 34200 15500 43000 19500 51 350 34200 15500 41900 19000 69 475 36400* 16500* 44100* 20000* 54 375 35300 16000 43000 19500 73 500 37500 17000 45400 20600 58 400 36480(30) 16500(30) 45400 20600 76 525 38600 17500 48100 21800 62 425 37500 17000 46700(36) 21200(36) 80 550 40800 18500 49400 22400 65 450 39700 18000 48100 21800 83 575 41900 19000 50700 23000 69 475 40800(36) 18500(36) 49400 22400 87 600 43000 19500 52000 23600 73 500 41900 19000 50700(42) 23000(42) 91 625 44100 20000 55100 25000 76 525 43000 19500 52000 23600 94 650 45400 20600 56800 25750 80 550 44100 20000 53600 24300 98 675 46700 21200 58400 26500 83 575 45400(42) 20600(42) 55100(48) 25000(48) 102 700 48100** 21800** 60000** 27250** 87 600 46700 21200 91 625 48100 21800 94 650 48100(48) 21800(48) PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG PSI KPA LBS KG LBS 69 475 58400 26500 71500 32500 76 525 58400 26500 71500 73 500 60000 27250 74000 33500 80 550 60000* 27250* 74000* 76 525 61500(30) 28000(30) 76000 34500 83 575 61500 28000 76000 80 550 64000 29000 78500 35500 87 600 64000 29000 78500 83 575 66000 30000 80500(36) 36500(36) 91 625 66000 30000 82500 87 600 68000 30750 82500 37500 94 650 68000 30750 85500 91 625 69500 31500 85500 38750 98 675 69500 31500 85500 94 650 71500(36) 32500(36) 88000 40000 102 700 71500 32500 88000 98 675 71500 32500 88000(42) 40000(42) 105 725 74000 33500 91000 102 700 74000 33500 91000 41250 109 750 76000 34500 93500 105 725 76000 34500 93500 42500 112 775 78500 35500 96500 109 750 76000(42) 34500(42) 93500 42500 116 800 80500 36500 99000 112 775 123 850 82700(48) 37500(48) 5 MPH (10 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD SLOW SPEED SERVICE BIAS 24.00-49 98 27.00-49 RADIAL 24.00R49 27.00R49 KG 32500 33500* 34500 35500 37500 38750 38750 40000 41250 42500 43750 45000 96500(48) 43750(48) 120 825 82500** 37500** 99000** 45000** LOAD LIMITS AT COLD INFLATION PRESSURES 30 MPH (50 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD HAULAGE SERVICE BIAS 30.00-51 33.00-51 RADIAL 30.00R51 33.00R51 PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG 40 275 44100 20000 52000 23600 65 450 52000 23600 60000 27250 44 300 46700 21200 53600 24300 69 475 55100* 25000* 64000* 29000* 47 325 49400 22400 56800 25750 73 500 56800 25750 66000 30000 51 350 50700 23000 60000 27250 76 525 58400 26500 68000 30750 54 375 53600 24300 61500 28000 80 550 61500 28000 71500 32500 58 400 55100 25000 64000 29000 83 575 64000 29000 74000 33500 62 425 56800 25750 66000 30000 87 600 66000 30000 76000 34500 65 450 60000 27250 69500 31500 91 625 68000 30750 78500 35500 69 475 61500 28000 71500 32500 94 650 69500 31500 80500 36500 73 500 64000(46) 29000(46) 74000(50) 33500(50) 98 675 71500 32500 82500 37500 76 525 64000 29000 76000 34500 102 700 74000** 33500** 85500** 38750** 80 550 66000(52) 30000(52) 78500 35500 78500(58) 35500(58) PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG 69 475 88000 40000 104500 47500 76 525 88000 40000 102000 46250 73 500 91000 41250 107500 48750 80 550 91000* 41250* 107500* 48750* 76 525 93500 42500 110000 50000 83 575 93500 42500 110000 50000 80 550 96500 43750 113500 51500 87 600 99000 45000 113500 51500 83 575 99000 45000 117000 53000 91 625 100000 46250 117000 53000 87 600 102000 46250 120000 54500 94 650 104500 47500 120000 54500 91 625 104500 47500 120000 54500 98 675 107500 48750 123500 56000 94 650 107500(46) 48750(46) 123500(50) 56000(50) 102 700 110000 50000 128000 58000 98 675 110000 50000 128000 58000 105 725 113500 51500 132500 60000 102 700 113500 51500 128000 58000 109 750 117000 53000 132500 60000 105 725 113500 51500 132500 60000 112 775 120000 54500 139000 63000 109 750 117000(52) 53000(52) 135500(58) 61500(58) 116 800 120000 54500 139000 63000 120 825 123500** 56000** 143500** 65000** PSI KPA LBS 11 75 24700 15 100 29100 18 125 33100 22 150 37500 25 175 40800 29 200 44100 33 225 46700 36 250 50700 5 MPH (10 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD SLOW SPEED SERVICE BIAS 30.00-51 99 33.00-51 RADIAL 30.00R51 33.00R51 40 MPH (65 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD SAND SERVICE BIAS 36.00-51 KG 11200 13200 15000 17000 18500 20000 21200 23000 83 575 LOAD LIMITS AT COLD INFLATION PRESSURES 30 MPH (50 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD HAULAGE SERVICE BIAS 36.00-51 40.00-57 RADIAL 36.00R51 39/90R53 37.00R57 40.00R57 44/95R57 45R57 100 46/90R57 PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG LBS KG LBS KG LBS KG LBS KG LBS KG 40 275 61500 28000 80500 36500 65 450 74000 33500 74000 33500 82500 37500 93500 42500 96500 43750 93500 42500 99000 45000 44 300 66000 30000 85500 38750 69 475 78500* 35500* 78500* 35500* 85500* 38750* 99000* 45000* 102000 46250 99000* 45000* 104500* 47500* 47 325 69500 31500 88000 40000 73 500 80500 36500 80500 36500 88000 40000 102000 46250 104500 47500 102000 46250 107500 48750 51 350 71500 32500 91000 41250 76 525 82500 37500 82500 37500 91000 41250 107500 48750 110000 50000 107500 48750 113500 51500 54 375 76000(42) 34500(42) 96500 43750 80 550 85500 38750 85500 38750 96500 43750 110000 50000 113500 51500 110000 50000 117000 53000 58 400 78500 35500 99000 45000 83 575 88000 40000 88000 40000 99000 45000 113500 51500 117000 53000 113500 51500 120000 54500 62 425 80500 36500 102000 46250 87 600 91000 41250 91000 41250 102000 46250 117000 53000 120000 54500 117000 53000 123500 56000 65 450 82500(50) 37500(50) 107500 48750 91 625 93500 42500 93500 42500 104500 47500 120000 54500 123500 56000 120000 54500 128000 58000 69 475 85500 38750 110000(60) 50000(60) 94 650 96500 43750 96500 43750 107500 48750 123500 56000 128000 58000 123500 56000 132500 60000 73 500 88000 40000 113500 51500 98 675 99000 45000 99000 45000 110000 50000 128000 58000 132500 60000 128000 58000 135500 61500 76 525 91000(58) 41250(58) 117000 53000 102 700 102000** 46250** 102000** 46250** 113500** 51500** 132500** 60000** 135500** 61500** 132500** 60000** 139000** 63000** PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG LBS KG LBS KG LBS KG LBS KG 69 475 128000(42) 58000(42) 161000 73000 76 525 123500 56000 123500 56000 132500 60000 161000 73000 161000 73000 165500 75000 73 500 128000 58000 165500 75000 80 550 128000* 58000* 128000* 58000* 135500* 61500* 165500* 75000* 165500* 75000* 171000* 77500* 76 525 132500 60000 171000 77500 83 575 132500 60000 132500 60000 139000 63000 171000 77500 171000 77500 176500 80000 80 550 139000 63000 176500 80000 87 600 139000 63000 139000 63000 143500 65000 176500 80000 176500 80000 182000 82500 83 575 143500 65000 182000 82500 91 625 143500 65000 143500 65000 147500 67000 182000 82500 182000 82500 187500 85000 87 600 143500(50) 65000(50) 182000 82500 94 650 147500 67000 147500 67000 152000 69000 187500 85000 187500 85000 193000 87500 91 625 147500 67000 187500 85000 98 675 152000 69000 152000 69000 156500 71000 193000 87500 193000 87500 198500 90000 94 650 153000 69000 193000(60) 87500(60) 102 700 156500 71000 156500 71000 161000 73000 198500 90000 198500 90000 204000 92500 98 675 156500(58) 71000(58) 198500 90000 105 725 161000 73000 161000 73000 165500 75000 204000 92500 204000 92500 209400 95000 102 700 105 725 204000 92500 109 750 165500 75000 165500 75000 171000 77500 209400 95000 209400 95000 215000 97500 204000(68) 92500(68) 112 775 165500 75000 165500 75000 176500 80000 215000 97500 215000 97500 220500 100000 5 MPH (10 KM/H) OFF-THE-ROAD SLOW SPEED SERVICE BIAS 36.00-51 40.00-57 RADIAL 36.00R51 39/90R53 37.00R57 40.00R57 45R57 46/90R57 Consult manufacturer for operating recommentations. 80 550 83 575 120000(68) 54500(68) 105 725 109 750 135500 61500 139000 63000 116 800 171000 77500 171000 77500 176500 80000 220500 100000 220500 100000 220500 100000 120 825 176500** 80000** 176500** 80000** 182000** 82500** 220500** 100000** 220500** 100000** 227000** 103000** LOAD LIMITS AT COLD INFLATION PRESSURES 30 MPH (50 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD HAULAGE SERVICE BIAS 15.5-25 17.5-25 RADIAL 15.5R25 PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG PSI KPA LBS KG 25 175 5680(8) 2575(8) 6800 3075 40 275 6150 2800 29 200 6150 2800 7400 3350 44 300 6600 3000 33 225 6600 3000 8050(12) 3650(12) 47 325 6950 3150 36 250 7150(12) 3250(12) 8550 3875 51 350 7400 3350 40 275 44 300 47 325 51 350 54 375 58 400 8800 4000 54 375 7850* 3550* 9350(16) 4250(16) 58 400 8050 3650 9900 4500 62 425 8550 3875 10200 4625 65 450 8800 4000 10700 4875 69 475 9350 4250 11000(20) 5000(20) 73 500 9650 4375 76 525 9900** 4500** PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG PSI KPA LBS KG 22 150 4300(8) 1950(8) 5200 2360 25 175 4400 2000 25 175 4800(10) 2180(10) 5680 2575 29 200 4800 2180 29 200 5200 2360 6400(12) 2900(12) 33 225 5200 2360 33 225 5520 2580 6600(14) 3000(14) 36 250 5680 2575 36 250 5840(12) 2650(12) 6950 3150 40 275 6150 2800 40 275 44 300 47 325 7400(16) 3350(16) 44 300 6600* 3000* 7850 3550 8050(20) 3650(20) PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG PSI KPA LBS KG PSI KPA LBS 33 225 8800 4000 10500 4750 29 200 6600 3000 80 550 13900 36 250 9350(8) 4250(8) 11000 5000 33 225 7150 3250 83 575 14300 40 275 9900 4500 11700 5300 36 250 7600 3450 87 600 14800 44 300 10500 4750 12300 5600 40 275 8250 3750 91 625 15200 47 325 10700(10) 4875(10) 12800 5800 44 300 8800 4000 94 650 15700** 51 350 11400 5150 13600(12) 6150(12) 47 325 9350 4250 54 375 11700 5300 13900 6300 51 350 9900 4500 62 425 65 450 69 475 73 500 76 525 80 550 83 575 15200 6900 58 400 11000 5000 15700 7100 62 425 11400 5150 16100(16) 7300(16) 65 450 12000 5450 16500 7500 69 475 12300 5600 17100 7750 73 500 12800* 5800* 17600 8000 76 525 13600 6150 18200(20) 8250(20) 25 MPH (40 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD TRACTOR AND GRADER SERVICE BIAS 15.5-25 101 17.5-25 RADIAL 15.5R25 5 MPH (10KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD SLOW SPEED SERVICE BIAS 15.5-25 17.5-25 RADIAL 15.5R25 KG 6300 6500 6700 6900 7100** 58 400 12300(12) 5600(12) 14800(14) 6700(14) 54 375 10500 4750 continued LOAD LIMITS AT COLD INFLATION PRESSURES 30 MPH (50 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD HAULAGE SERVICE RADIAL 17.5R25 PSI KPA LBS KG 40 275 7400 3350 44 300 7850 3550 47 325 8250 3750 51 350 8800 4000 54 375 9100* 4125* 58 400 9650 4375 62 425 10200 4625 65 450 10500 4750 69 475 11000 5000 73 500 11400 5150 76 525 12000** 5450** RADIAL 17.5R25 PSI KPA LBS KG 29 200 6800 3075 33 225 7400 3350 36 250 8050 3650 40 275 8550 3875 44 300 9100* 4125* 47 325 9650 4375 51 350 10200 4625 54 375 10700 4875 58 400 11400 5150 62 425 12000** 5450** 65 450 12300 5600 RADIAL 17.5R25 PSI KPA LBS KG 25 175 5200 2360 29 200 5680 2575 33 225 6400 2900 36 250 6800 3075 40 275 7400 3350 44 300 8050* 3650* BIAS 17.5R25 PSI KPA LBS KG 29 200 8050 3650 33 225 8800 4000 36 250 9350 4250 40 275 10200 4625 44 300 10700 4850 47 325 11700 5300 54 375 12800 5800 58 400 13200 6000 62 425 13600 6150 65 450 14300 6500 PSI KPA LBS 80 550 16500 83 575 17100 87 600 17600 91 625 18200 94 650 18700** 30 MPH (50 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD ARTICULATE DUMP SERVICE 25 MPH (40 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD TRACTOR AND GRADER SERVICE 102 5 MPH (10 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD SLOW SPEED SERVICE KG 7500 7750 8000 8250 8500** 51 350 12300 5600 116 800 22000*** 10000*** 69 475 14800 6700 73 500 15700* 7100* 76 525 16100 7300 continued LOAD LIMITS AT COLD INFLATION PRESSURES 30 MPH (50 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD HAULAGE SERVICE RADIAL 20.5R25 PSI KPA LBS KG 40 275 9650 4375 44 300 10500 4750 47 325 11000 5000 51 350 11700 5300 54 375 12300* 5600* 58 400 12800 5800 62 425 13600 6150 65 450 14300 6500 69 475 14800 6700 73 500 15200 6900 76 525 16100** 7300** RADIAL 20.5R25 PSI KPA LBS KG 29 200 8800 4000 33 225 9650 4375 36 250 10500 4750 40 275 11000 5000 44 300 12000 5450 47 325 12800* 5800* 51 350 13200 6000 54 375 13900 6300 58 400 14800 6700 62 425 15200 6900 65 450 16100** 7300** RADIAL 20.5R25 PSI KPA LBS KG 25 175 6950 3150 29 200 7600 3450 33 225 8550 3825 36 250 9100 4125 40 275 9650 4375 44 300 10200* 4625* PSI KPA LBS KG PSI KPA LBS 29 200 10500 4750 80 550 22000 33 225 11400 5150 83 575 22700 36 250 12300 5600 87 600 24000 40 275 13200 6000 91 625 24700 44 300 13900 6300 94 650 25400** 47 325 14800 6700 54 375 16500 7500 58 400 17600 8000 62 425 18200 8250 65 450 19300 8750 30 MPH (50 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD ARTICULATED DUMP SERVICE 25 MPH (40 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD TRACTOR AND GRADER SERVICE 103 5 MPH (10 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD SLOW SPEED SERVICE RADIAL 20.5R25 KG 10000 10300 10900 11200 11500** 51 350 15700 7100 69 475 19800 9000 73 500 20900* 9500* 76 525 21500 9750 continued LOAD LIMITS AT COLD INFLATION PRESSURES 30 MPH (50 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD HAULAGE SERVICE BIAS 20.5-25 PSI KPA LBS KG 25 175 9100 4125 29 200 9900(12) 4500(12) 33 225 10700 4875 36 250 11400 5150 40 275 12000(16) 5450(16) 44 300 12800 5800 BIAS 20.5-25 PSI KPA LBS KG 22 150 6950 3150 25 175 7850(12) 3550(12) 29 200 8250 3750 33 225 8800(16) 4000(16) 36 250 9350 4250 40 275 9900(20) 4500(20) PSI KPA LBS 33 225 13900 36 250 14800(12) 40 275 15700 44 300 16500 47 325 17100 51 350 18200(16) 47 325 13200(20) 6000(20) 25 MPH (40 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD TRACTOR AND GRADER SERVICE 5 MPH (10 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD SLOW SPEED SERVICE BIAS 20.5-25 KG 6300 6700(12) 7100 7500 7750 8250(16) 54 375 18700 8500 58 400 19300 8750 62 425 20400 9250 65 450 20900(20) 9500(20) 69 475 21500 9750 73 500 22000 10000 76 525 22700(24) 10300(24) 104 LOAD LIMITS AT COLD INFLATION PRESSURES 30 MPH (50 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD HAULAGE SERVICE RADIAL 23.5R25 PSI KPA LBS KG 40 275 12300 5600 44 300 13200 6000 47 325 14300 6500 51 350 14800 6700 54 375 15700* 7100* 58 400 16500 7500 62 425 17100 7750 65 450 18200 8250 69 475 18700 8500 73 500 19800 9000 76 525 20400** 9250** RADIAL 23.5R25 PSI KPA LBS KG 29 200 11000 5000 33 225 12000 5450 36 250 13200 6000 40 275 13900 6300 44 300 14800 6700 47 325 16100* 7300* 51 350 16500 7500 54 375 17600 8000 58 400 18700 8500 62 425 19300 8750 65 450 20400** 9250** RADIAL 23.5R25 PSI KPA LBS KG 25 175 8800 4000 29 200 9900 4500 33 225 10700 4875 36 250 11700 5300 40 275 12300 5600 44 300 13200* 6000* PSI KPA LBS KG PSI KPA LBS 29 200 13200 6000 80 550 28300 33 225 14300 6500 83 575 29100 36 250 15700 7100 87 600 30000 40 275 17100 7750 91 625 30900 44 300 18200 8250 94 650 32000** 47 325 19300 8750 54 375 21500 9750 58 400 22700 10300 62 425 23400 10600 65 450 24700 11200 30 MPH (50 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD ARTICULATED DUMP SERVICE 25 MPH (40 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD TRACTOR AND GRADER SERVICE 105 5 MPH (10 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD SLOW SPEED SERVICE RADIAL 23.5R25 KG 12850 13200 13600 14000 14500** 51 350 20400 9250 69 475 25400 11500 73 500 26800* 12150* 76 525 27600 12500 continued LOAD LIMITS AT COLD INFLATION PRESSURES 30 MPH (50 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD HAULAGE SERVICE BIAS 23.5-25 PSI KPA LBS KG 25 175 11700(12) 5300(12) 29 200 12800 5800 33 225 13600(16) 6150(16) 36 250 14300 6500 40 275 15200 6900 BIAS 23.5-25 PSI KPA LBS KG 22 150 8800(12) 4000(12) 25 175 9650 4375 29 200 10500(16) 4750(16) 33 225 11400 5150 36 250 12000(20) 5450(20) PSI KPA LBS KG PSI KPA LBS 33 225 17600(12) 8000(12) 80 550 30000(28) 36 250 18700 8500 83 575 30900 40 275 19800 9000 87 600 32000 44 300 20900(16) 9500(16) 91 625 32000(32) 47 325 22000 10000 94 650 33100 44 300 16100(20) 7300(20) 47 325 17100 7750 51 350 17600(24) 8000(24) 54 375 24000(20) 10900(20) 102 700 34200(36) 58 400 24700 11200 105 725 35300 25 MPH (40 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD TRACTOR AND GRADER SERVICE 5 MPH (10 KM/H) MAXIMUM OFF-THE-ROAD SLOW SPEED SERVICE BIAS 23.5-25 106 KG 13600(28) 14000 14500 14500(32) 15000 51 350 23400 10600 98 675 34200 15500 15500(36) 16000 62 425 26000 11800 109 750 36400 16500 65 450 26800 12150 112 775 36400(40) 16500(40) 69 475 27600(24) 12500(24) 73 500 28300 12850 76 525 29100 13200 continued LOAD LIMITS AT COLD INFLATION PRESSURES 30 MPH (50 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD HAULAGE SERVICE RADIAL 26.5R25 BIAS 26.5-25 PSI KPA LBS KG PSI KPA LBS 40 275 15700 7100 25 175 14800 44 300 16500 7500 29 200 16100 47 325 17600 8000 33 225 17100 51 350 18700 8500 36 250 18200(20) 54 375 19800* 9000* 40 275 19300 58 400 20900 9500 44 300 20400(24) 62 425 21500 9750 47 325 20900(26) 65 450 22700 10300 51 350 22000(28) 107 BIAS 26.5-25 76 525 25400** 11500** 6700 7300 7750 8250(20) 8750 9250(24) 9500(26) 10000(28) PSI KPA LBS KG 29 200 13900 6300 33 225 15200 6900 36 250 16500 7500 40 275 17600 8000 44 300 18700 8500 47 325 19800* 9000* 51 350 20900 9500 54 375 22000 10000 58 400 23400 10600 62 425 24000 10900 65 450 25400** 11500** PSI KPA LBS KG PSI KPA LBS KG PSI KPA LBS 29 200 16500 7500 80 550 35300 16000 33 225 22000(14) 33 225 18200 8250 83 575 36400 16500 36 250 24000 36 250 19800 9000 87 600 37500 17000 40 275 25400 40 275 20900 9500 91 625 39700 18000 44 300 26800 44 300 22700 10300 94 650 40800** 18500** 47 325 27600 47 325 24000 10900 51 350 25400 11500 116 800 46700*** 21800*** 54 375 30000 54 375 26800 12150 58 400 28300 12850 62 425 29100 13200 65 450 30900 14000 69 475 32000 14500 73 500 33100* 15000* 76 525 34200 15500 58 400 30900(24) 62 425 32000 65 450 33100(26) 69 475 34200(28) 73 500 35300 76 525 36400 80 550 37500(32) 5 MPH (10 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD SLOW SPEED SERVICE RADIAL 26.5R25 73 500 24700 11200 KG 30 MPH (50 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD ARTICULATED DUMP SERVICE RADIAL 26.5R25 69 475 23400 10600 KG 10000(14) 10900 11500 12150 12500 51 350 29100(20) 13200(20) 13600 14000(24) 14500 15000(26) 15500(28) 16000 16500 17000(32) continued LOAD LIMITS AT COLD INFLATION PRESSURES 30 MPH (50 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD HAULAGE SERVICE RADIAL 29.5R25 BIAS 29.5-25 PSI KPA LBS KG PSI KPA LBS KG 40 275 18700 8500 25 175 17600 8000 44 300 20400 9250 29 200 19300 8750 47 325 21500 9750 33 225 20400 9250 51 350 22700 10300 36 250 22000(22) 10000(22) 54 375 24000* 10900* 40 275 23400 10600 58 400 25400 11500 44 300 24000 10900 62 425 26000 11800 47 325 25400(28) 11500(28) 65 450 27600 12500 51 350 26800 12150 69 475 28300 12850 54 375 27600 12500 73 500 30000 13600 58 400 29100(34) 13200(34) 76 525 30900** 14000** PSI KPA LBS KG 29 200 16500 7500 33 225 18200 8250 36 250 19800 9000 40 275 20900 9500 44 300 22700 10300 47 325 24000* 10900* 51 350 25400 11500 54 375 26800 12150 58 400 28300 12850 62 425 29100 13200 65 450 30900** 14000** PSI KPA LBS KG PSI KPA LBS KG 58 400 34200 15500 33 225 26800 12150 62 425 35300 16000 36 250 28300(16) 12850(16) 65 450 37500 17000 40 275 30000 13600 69 475 38600 17500 44 300 32000 14500 73 500 39700* 18000* 47 325 33100(22) 15000(22) 76 525 41900 19000 51 350 35300 16000 80 550 43000 19500 54 375 36400 16500 83 575 44100 20000 58 400 37500 17000 87 600 45400 20600 62 425 38600(28) 17500(28) 91 625 46700 21200 65 450 40800 18500 94 650 49400** 22400** 69 475 41900 19000 PSI KPA LBS KG 11 75 8540 3875 15 100 10200 4625 18 125 11680 5300 22 150 12790 5800 25 175 14330 6500 29 200 15210 6900 33 225 16530 7500 36 250 17640 8000 PSI KPA LBS 11 75 10470 15 100 12350 18 125 13890 22 150 15650 25 175 17090 29 200 18190 33 225 19840 36 250 20940 30 MPH (50 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD ARTICULATED DUMP SERVICE RADIAL 29.5R25 5 MPH (10 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD SLOW SPEED SERVICE 108 RADIAL 29.5R25 BIAS 29.5-25 40 MPH (65 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD SAND SERVICE BIAS 29.5-25 30 MPH (50 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD SAND SERVICE BIAS 29.5-25 KG 4750 5600 6300 7100 7750 8250 9000 9500 73 500 43000 19500 116 800 56800*** 25750*** 76 525 44100(34) 20000(34) LOAD LIMITS AT COLD INFLATION PRESSURES 30 MPH (50 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD HAULAGE SERVICE RADIAL 26.5R29 BIAS 26.5-29 29.5-29 PSI KPA LBS KG PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG 40 275 16500 7500 25 175 15700 7100 18700 8500 44 300 17600 8000 29 200 17100 7750 20400 9250 47 325 18700 8500 33 225 18200 8250 22000 10000 51 350 19800 9000 36 250 19300 8750 23400(22) 10600(22) 54 375 20900* 9500* 40 275 20400(22) 9250(22) 24700 11200 58 400 22000 10000 44 300 21500 9750 26000 11800 62 425 23400 10600 47 325 22700(26) 10300(26) 26800(28) 12150(28) 65 450 24000 10900 51 350 69 475 25400 11500 54 375 73 500 26000 11800 58 400 28300 12850 29100 13200 30900(34) 14000(34) PSI KPA LBS KG PSI KPA LBS KG LBS 58 400 30000 13600 33 225 24000 10900 28300 62 425 30900 14000 36 250 25400 11500 30900 65 450 33100 15000 40 275 26800 12150 32000 69 475 34200 15500 44 300 28300 12850 34200 73 500 35300* 16000* 47 325 30000 13600 35300(22) 76 525 36400 16500 51 350 30900 14000 37500 80 550 38600 17500 54 375 32000(22) 14500(22) 38600 83 575 39700 18000 58 400 33100 15000 39700 87 600 40800 18500 62 425 34200 15500 41900(28) 91 625 41900 19000 65 450 35300(26) 16000(26) 43000 5 MPH (10 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD SLOW SPEED SERVICE RADIAL 26.5R29 109 BIAS 26.5-29 29.5-29 KG 12850 14000 14500 15500 16000(22) 17000 17500 18000 19000(28) 19500 76 525 27600** 12500** 94 650 43000** 19500** 69 475 37500 17000 44100 20000 73 500 38600 17500 45400 20600 76 525 39700(30) 18000(30) 46700(34) 21200(34) LOAD LIMITS AT COLD INFLATION PRESSURES 30 MPH (50 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD HAULAGE SERVICE RADIAL 29.5R29 33.25R29 BIAS 33.25-29 33.5-33 37.5-33 PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG LBS KG 40 275 20400 9250 24700 11200 25 175 22700 10300 25400 11500 30900 14000 44 300 21500 9750 26800 12150 29 200 24700 11200 27600 12500 33100 15000 47 325 22700 10300 28300 12850 33 225 26800 12150 29100 13200 35300 16000 51 350 24000 10900 30000 13600 36 250 28300 12850 30900 14000 37500 17000 54 375 25400* 11500* 30900* 14000* 40 275 30000(26) 13600(26) 33100 15000 39700(30) 18000(30) 58 400 26800 12150 33100 15000 44 300 30900 14000 35300 16000 41900 19000 62 425 27600 12500 34200 15500 47 325 33100(32) 15000(32) 36400(32) 16500(32) 44100(36) 20000(36) 65 450 29100 13200 36480 16500 51 350 69 475 30000 13600 37500 17000 54 375 73 500 32000 14500 38600 17500 58 400 38600 17500 45500 20600 39700 18000 48100 21800 40800(38) 18500(38) 49400(42) 22400(42) PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG PSI KPA LBS KG PSI KPA LBS KG PSI KPA LBS 58 400 36400 16500 44100 20000 33 225 35300 16000 44 300 45400 20600 33 225 46700 62 425 37500 17000 46700 21200 36 250 37500 17000 47 325 48100 21800 36 250 49400 65 450 39700 18000 48100 21800 40 275 38600(20) 17500(20) 51 350 49400 22400 40 275 52000 69 475 40800 18500 50700 23000 44 300 40800 18500 54 375 52000 23600 44 300 55100 73 500 43000* 19500* 52000* 23600* 47 325 43000 19500 58 400 53600 24300 47 325 56800 76 525 44100 20000 53600 24300 51 350 45400(26) 20600(26) 62 425 56800(32) 25750(32) 51 350 60000 80 550 45400 20600 56800 25750 54 375 46700 21200 65 450 58400 26500 54 375 61500(30) 83 575 46700 21200 58400 26500 58 400 48100 21800 69 475 60000 27250 58 400 64000 87 600 49400 22400 60000 27250 62 425 50700 23000 73 500 61500 28000 62 425 68000 91 625 50700 23000 61500 28000 65 450 52000(32) 23600(32) 76 525 64000(38) 29000(38) 65 450 69500(36) 5 MPH (10 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD SLOW SPEED SERVICE 110 RADIAL 29.5R29 33.25R29 BIAS 33.25-29 BIAS 33.5-33 BIAS 37.5-33 KG 21200 22400 23600 25000 25750 27250 28000(30) 29000 30750 31500(36) 76 525 33100** 15000** 40800** 18500** 94 650 52000** 23600** 64000** 29000** 80 550 66000 30000 69 475 71500 32500 83 575 66000 30000 73 500 74000 33500 87 600 68000(44) 30750(44) 76 525 76000(42) 34500(42) LOAD LIMITS AT COLD INFLATION PRESSURES 30 MPH (50 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD HAULAGE SERVICE BIAS 29.5-35 33.25-35 RADIAL 33.25R35 PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG PSI KPA LBS KG 25 175 20400 9250 24700 11200 40 275 26800 12150 29 200 22000 10000 26800 12150 44 300 28300 12850 33 225 24000 10900 28300 12850 47 325 30900 14000 36 250 25400 11500 30900 14000 51 350 32000 14500 40 275 26800 12150 32000 14500 54 375 34200* 15500* 44 300 28300 12850 34200 15500 58 400 35300 16000 47 325 30000(28) 13600(28) 35300(32) 16000(32) 62 425 37500 17000 51 350 30900 14000 37500 17000 65 450 38600 17500 54 375 32000 14500 38600 17500 69 475 40800 18500 58 400 33100(34) 15000(34) 39700(38) 18000(38) 73 500 41900 19000 62 425 65 450 69 475 73 500 76 525 41900 19000 76 525 44100** 20000** 43000 19500 44100 20000 45400 20600 46700(50) 21200(50) PSI KPA LBS KG PSI KPA LBS KG LBS 58 400 48100 21800 33 225 30900 14000 37500 62 425 50700 23000 36 250 33100 15000 39700 65 450 53600 24300 40 275 35300 16000 41900(20) 69 475 55100 25000 44 300 37500 17000 44100 73 500 56800* 25750* 47 325 38600 17500 46700 76 525 58400 26500 51 350 40800 18500 49400(26) 80 550 61500 28000 54 375 41900 19000 50700 83 575 64000 29000 58 400 44100 20000 53600 87 600 66000 30000 62 425 45400(28) 20600(28) 55100 91 625 68000 30750 65 450 46700 21200 56800(32) 94 650 69500** 31500** 69 475 48100 21800 58400 73 500 49400 22400 60000 76 525 50700(34) 23000(34) 61500(38) 5 MPH (10 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD SLOW SPEED SERVICE RADIAL 33.25R35 111 BIAS 29.5-35 33.25-35 KG 17000 18000 19000(20) 20000 21200 22400(26) 23000 24300 25000 25750(32) 26500 27250 28000(38) 102 700 74000(50) 33500(50) LOAD LIMITS AT COLD INFLATION PRESSURES 30 MPH (50 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD HAULAGE SERVICE RADIAL 37.25R35 37.5R39 BIAS 37.25-35 37.5-39 PSI KPA LGS KG LBS KG PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG 40 275 32000 14500 35300 16000 25 175 30000 13600 33100 15000 44 300 34200 15500 37500 17000 29 200 32000 14500 35300 16000 47 325 36400 16500 39700 18000 33 225 34200 15500 37500 17000 51 350 38600 17500 41900 19000 36 250 36400 16500 40800 18500 54 375 40800* 18500* 44100* 20000* 40 275 38600(30) 17500(30) 43000 19500 58 400 43000 19500 46700 21200 44 300 40800 18500 45400 20600 62 425 45400 20600 48100 21800 47 325 43000(36) 19500(36) 47000(36) 21200(36) 65 450 46700 21200 50700 23000 51 350 44100 20000 49400 22400 69 475 49400 22400 52000 23600 54 375 46800 21200 50700 23000 73 500 50700 23000 55100 25000 58 400 48100(42) 21800(42) 53600(44) 24300(44) 76 525 52000** 23600** 56800** 25750** 62 425 65 450 69 475 55100 25000 56800 25750 58400(52) 26500(52) PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG PSI KPA LBS KG PSI KPA LBS 58 400 58400 26500 61500 28000 33 225 45400 20600 44 300 58400 62 425 60000 27250 66000 30000 36 250 48100 21800 47 325 61500 65 450 64000 29000 68000 30750 40 275 50700 23000 51 350 64000 69 475 66000 30000 71500 32500 44 300 53600 24300 54 375 68000 73 500 68000* 30750* 74000* 33500* 47 325 56800 25750 58 400 69500 76 525 71500 32500 76000 34500 51 350 58400 26500 62 425 71500 80 550 74000 33500 78500 35500 54 375 61500(30) 28000(30) 65 450 74000(36) 83 575 76000 34500 82500 37500 58 400 64000 29000 69 475 76000 87 600 78500 35500 85500 38750 62 425 66000 30000 73 500 78500 91 625 80500 36500 88000 40000 65 450 68000(36) 30750(36) 76 525 82500 94 650 82500** 37500** 91000** 41250** 69 475 69500 31500 80 550 82500(44) 73 500 71500 32500 83 575 85500 76 525 74000(42) 33500(42) 87 600 88000 5 MPH (10 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD SLOW SPEED SERVICE 112 RADIAL 37.25R35 37.5R39 BIAS 37.25-35 BIAS 37.5-39 KG 26500 28000 29000 30750 31500 32500 33500(36) 34500 35500 37500 37500(44) 38750 40000 91 625 91000 41250 94 650 93500(52) 42500(52) LOAD LIMITS AT COLD INFLATION PRESSURES 30 MPH (50 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD HAULAGE SERVICE RADIAL 40.5/75R39 BIAS 37.5-51 PSI KPA LBS KG PSI KPA LBS KG 40 275 39700 18000 25 175 37500 17000 44 300 41900 19000 29 200 39700 18000 47 325 45400 20600 33 225 43000 19500 51 350 48100 21800 36 250 45400 20600 54 375 49400* 22400* 40 275 48100 21800 58 400 52000 23600 44 300 50700 23000 62 425 55100 25000 47 325 53600(36) 24300(36) 65 450 56800 25750 51 350 55100 25000 69 475 60000 27250 54 375 58400 26500 73 500 61500 28000 58 400 60000(44) 27250(44) 76 525 64000** 29000** PSI KPA LBS KG PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG LBS KG LBS KG LBS KG LBS KG 58 400 71500 32500 44 300 64000 29000 66000 30000 107500 48750 128000 58000 128000 58000 135500 61500 62 425 74000 33500 47 325 66000(34) 30000(34) 69500 31500 113500 51500 132500 60000 135500 61500 139000 63000 65 450 78500 35500 51 350 69500 31500 74000 33500 117000 53000 139000 63000 139000 63000 147500 67000 69 475 80500 36500 54 375 71500 32500 76000 34500 123500(40) 56000(40) 143500 65000 147500 67000 152000 69000 73 500 82500* 37500* 58 400 74000 33500 78500 35500 128000 58000 152000(44) 69000(44) 152000(44) 69000(44) 161000(44) 73000(44) 76 525 88000 40000 62 425 78500 35500 82500 37500 132500 60000 156000 71000 156500 71000 165500 75000 80 550 91000 41250 65 450 80500 36500 85500(36) 38750(36) 135500(48) 61500(48) 161000 73000 161000 73000 171000 77500 83 575 93500 42500 69 475 82500(42) 37500(42) 88000 40000 139000 63000 165000 75000 165500 75000 176500 80000 87 600 96500 43750 73 500 85500 38750 91000 41250 143500(54) 65000(54) 171000 77500 171000 77500 182000 82500 91 625 99000 45000 76 525 88000 40000 93500 42500 147500 67000 176500 80000 176500 80000 187500 85000 94 650 102000** 46250** 80 550 91000 41250 93500(44) 42500(44) 152000 69000 182000(60) 82500(60) 182000(60) 82500(60) 193000 87500 5 MPH (10 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD SLOW SPEED SERVICE RADIAL 40.5/75R39 113 BIAS 41.25/70-39 37.5-51 49/75-51 49.5-57 50/80-57 52/80-57 83 575 87 600 94 650 102 700 156500(62) 71000(62) 187500 85000 187500 85000 198500 90000 161000 73000 187500 85000 193000 87500 204000(68) 92500(68) 171000(68) 77500(68) 193000(68) 87500(68) 198500(68) 90000(68) 176500(74) 80000(74) LOAD LIMITS AT COLD INFLATION PRESSURES 5 MPH (10 KM/H) MAXIMUM OFF-THE-ROAD SLOW SPEED SERVICE RADIAL 25/55R25 550/65R25 (22/65R25) 600/65R25 25/65R25 650/65R25 114 750/65R25 (30/65R25) 775/65R29 (800/65R29) 30/65R29 875/65R29 PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG LBS KG LBS KG LBS KG LBS KG LBS KG LBS KG LBS KG 58 400 17600 8000 16500 7500 19300 8750 19800 9000 22000 10000 30000 13600 33100 14500 30900 14000 40800 18500 62 425 18700 8500 17600 8000 19800 9000 20400 9500 23400 10600 30900 14000 34200 15500 32000 14500 43000 19500 65 450 19300 8750 18200 8250 20900 9500 21500 9750 24000 10900 33100 15000 35300 16000 34200 15500 44100 20000 69 475 20400* 9250* 18700* 8500* 21500* 9750* 22700* 10300* 25400* 11500* 34200* 15500* 37500* 17000* 35300* 16000* 46700* 21200* 73 500 76 525 80 550 83 575 87 600 91 625 19800 9000 22700 10300 23400 10600 26000 11800 35300 16000 38600 17500 36400 16500 48100 21800 20400 9250 23400 10600 24000 10900 26800 12150 36400 16500 39700 18000 37500 17000 49400 22400 20900 9500 24000 10900 25400 11500 28300 12850 37500 17000 40800 18500 38600 17500 52000 23600 22000 10000 24700 11200 26000 11800 29100 13200 38600 17500 41900 19000 39700 18000 53600 24300 22700 10300 26000 11800 26800 12150 30000 13600 39700 18000 44100 20000 40800 18500 55100 25000 23400** 10600** 26800** 12150** 27600** 12500** 30900** 14000** 41900** 19000** 45400** 20600** 41900** 19000** 56800** 25750** PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG LBS KG LBS KG LBS KG LBS KG LBS 29 200 8550 3875 8800 4000 9900 4500 13200 6000 15700 7100 16100 7300 19300 33 225 9350 4250 9650 4375 10700 4875 14300 6500 17100 7750 17600 8000 20900 36 250 10200 4625 10500 4750 11700 5300 15700 7100 18200 8250 18700 8500 22700 40 275 10700 4875 11000 5000 12300 5600 17100 7750 19800 9000 20400 9250 24700 44 300 11700 5300 12000 5450 13200 6000 18200 8250 20900 9500 21500 9750 26000 47 325 12300* 5600* 12800* 5800* 14300* 6500* 19300* 8750* 22000* 10000* 22700* 10300* 27600* 51 350 12800 5800 13600 6150 15200 6900 20400 9250 23400 10600 24000 10900 29100 54 375 13600 6150 13900 6300 15700 7100 21500 9750 24700 11200 25400 11500 30900 58 400 14300 6500 14800 6700 16500 7500 22700 10000 26000 11800 26800 12150 32000 62 425 15200** 6900** 15700** 7100** 17600** 8000** 23400** 10600** 27600** 12500** 28300** 12850** 34200** 30 MPH (50 KM/H) MAXIMUM SPEED OFF-THE-ROAD ARTICULATED DUMP SERVICE RADIAL 600/65R25 25/65R25 650/65R25 750/65R25 (30/65R25) 30/65R29 775/65R29 875/65R29 KG 8750 9500 10300 11200 11800 12500* 13200 14000* 14500 15500** 65 450 69 475 73 500 LOAD LIMITS AT COLD INFLATION PRESSURES 5 MPH (10 KM/H) MAXIMUM OFF-THE-ROAD SLOW SPEED SERVICE PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG 45/65R45 LBS (1150/65R45) KG PSI BIAS KPA 30/65-29 LBS KG 35/65-33 LBS KG 40/65-39 LBS KG 41.25/70-39 LBS KG 45/65-45 LBS KG 50/65-51 LBS KG 67-51 LBS KG RADIAL 875/65R33 (35/65R33) 45/65R39 115 58 400 43000 19500 74000 33500 78500 35500 47 325 28300 12850 39700 18000 52000 23600 66000(34) 30000(34) 71500 32500 93500 42500 156500 71000 62 425 45400 20600 76000 34500 82500 37500 51 350 29100(20) 13200(20) 41900(24) 19000(24) 55100 25000 69500 31500 76000 34500 96500 43750 165500 75000 65 450 46700 21200 80500 36500 85500 38750 54 375 30900 14000 43000 19500 56800 25750 71500 32500 78500 35500 102000 46250 171000 77500 69 475 49400 22400 82500 37500 88000 40000 58 400 32000(24) 14500(24) 44100 20000 60000(30) 27250(30) 74000 33500 82500 37500 104500 47500 176500 80000 73 500 50700* 23000* 88000* 40000* 93500* 42500* 62 425 76 525 52000 23600 91000 41250 96500 43750 65 450 80 550 55100 25000 93500 42500 99000 45000 69 475 83 575 56800 25750 96500 43750 102000 46250 73 500 87 600 58400 26500 99000 45000 104500 47500 76 525 91 625 60000 27250 102000 46250 110000 50000 80 550 94 650 61500** 28000** 104500** 47500** 113500** 51500** 83 575 87 600 91 625 46700 21200 61500 28000 78500 35500 85500(38) 38750(38) 107500 48750 187500 85000 48100(30) 21800(30) 64000 29000 80500 36500 88000 40000 113500 51500 193000(54) 87500(54) 49400 22400 66000 30000 82500(42) 37500(42) 91000 41250 117000(46) 53000(46) 198500 90000 50700 23000 68000(36) 30750(36) 52000(36) 23600(36) 53600 24300 55100 25000 56800 25750 58400(42) 26500(42) 93500 42500 120000 54500 204000 92500 96500(46) 43750(46) 123500 56000 209500 95000 99000 45000 128000 58000 215000 97500 102000 46250 128000(54) 58000(54) 220500 100000 104500 47500 132500 60000 227000 103000 104500 47500 135500 61500 94 650 98 675 107500 48750 139000(62) 63000(62) 110000(58) 50000(58) LOAD LIMITS AT COLD INFLATION PRESSURES 45 MPH (70 KM/H) REFERENCE SPEED, CRANE SERVICE RADIAL 650/55R25 RADIAL 555/65R25 RADIAL 445/80R25 525/80R25 605/80R25 116 RADIAL 385/95R24,25 445/95R25 PSI KPA LBS KG PSI KPA LBS KG PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG LBS KG PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG 65 450 13200 6000 65 450 10700 4875 76 525 10500 4750 13600 6150 17600 8000 105 725 11700 5300 13600 6150 69 475 13600 6150 69 475 11000 5000 80 550 11000 5000 14300 6500 18200 8250 109 750 12000 5450 13900 6300 PSI KPA LBS KG LBS KG 65 450 8150 3700 70 475 8620 3910 80 550 15200 6900 80 550 12300 5600 91 625 12000 5400 15700 7100 20400 9250 120 825 83 575 15700 7100 83 575 12800 5800 94 650 12300 5600 16100 7300 20900 9500 123 850 87 600 16100 7300 87 600 13200 6000 98 675 12800 5800 16500 7500 21500 9750 127 875 14300 6500 76 525 14300 6500 76 525 12000 5450 87 600 11700 5300 15200 6900 19300 8750 116 800 12300(L) 5600(L) 14800 6700 14800 6700 15200 6900 75 525 9070 4110 80 550 9500 4310 85 575 9930 4500 90 625 10340 4690 73 500 13900 6300 73 500 11700 5300 83 575 11400 5180 14800 6700 18700 8500 112 775 55 MPH (90 KM/H) REFERENCE SPEED, CRANE SERVICE RADIAL 385/95R24,25 445/95R25 94 650 13900(172E) 6300(172E) 15700 7100 91 625 13600 6150 102 700 13200(170E) 6000(170E) 17100(179E) 7750(179E) 22000(188E) 10000(188E) 131 900 13270(170E)(M) 6000(170E)(M) 16100(177E) (J) 7300(177E) (J) 95 650 10730 4870 100 700 11400(J) 5150(J) 105 725 11700 5300 141 975 13930(N) 6300(N) 110 750 12000 5450 16100(177E) (J) 7300(177E) (J) 115 800 12300(L) 5600(L) 131 900 13270(M) 6000(M) 141 975 13930(N) 6300(N) LOAD LIMITS AT COLD INFLATION PRESSURES 5 MPH (10 KM/H) OFF-THE-ROAD UNDERGROUND MINE SERVICE 117 100 690 4540(12) 2060(12) 105 720 4675 2120 110 760 4800 2175 115 790 4930 2235 120 830 5050 2290 125 860 5175 2345 130 900 5295 2400 135 930 5415(16) 2455(16) 140 970 145 1000 150 1030 LBS 6515 KG 2955 6715 3045 6905 3130 7100 3220 7285 3305 7470 3390 7650(20) 3470(20) 7825 3550 8000 3630 8175 3710 8345 3785 8510(24) 3860(24) 24X12-12NHS LBS 5260 KG 2385 5420 2460 5580 2530 5740 2605 5900 2675 6050 2745 6200 2810 6350 2880 6450 2925 6600 2995 6750 3060 6900 3130 8.25-15NHS LBS 5605 KG 2540 5775 2620 5940 2695 6105 2770 6265 2840 6425 2915 6580 2985 6730 3055 6880 3120 7030(16) 3190(16) 36X11-15NHS (10.00L-15) LBS 7520 KG 3410 7750 3515 7975 3615 8195 3715 8410(16) 3815(16) 8620 3910 8830 4005 9035 4100 9235 4190 9435 4280 9630(20) 4370(20) 32X15-15NHS (32X14.50-15) LBS 8350 KG 3790 8600 3900 8850 4015 9100 4130 9300 4220 9550 4330 9800 4445 10000(20) 4535(20) 10200 4625 10500 4765 10700 4855 10900 4945 35X15-15NHS (14.50L-15) LBS 9415 KG 4270 9705 4400 9985 4530 10260 4655 10530 4775 10795 4895 11055 5015 11310(20) 5130(20) 11565 5245 11815 5360 12060 5470 12300 5580 38X16-15NHS LBS 11500 KG 5215 11810 5355 12150 5510 12485 5665 12815 5810 13140 5960 13455 6105 13770 6245 14075 6385 14380 6520 14675 6655 14970 6790 BIAS 27X9-10NHS PSI KPA LBS KG 27X15-10NHS (15L-10) 95 660 4405 2000 L ALL INFLATION PRESSURES ABOVE 150 PSI REQUIRE PERMAFOAM INFLATION/FILL. Above loads and inflatiaons are for tires only. Please consult your rim manufacturer for their approvals. L L L PERMAFOAM INFLATION REQUIRED L 7900(24) 3585(24) 8910(24) 4040(24) 10750(24) 4875(24) 11100(24) 5035(24) 13905(28) 6305(28) 15830(28) 7180(28) 14975(32) 6795(32) 17200(32) 7800(32) 19500(40) 8845(40) LOAD LIMITS AT COLD INFLATION PRESSURES 5 MPH (10 KM/H) OFF-THE-ROAD UNDERGROUND MINE SERVICE PSI KPA LBS KG 95 660 9350(14) 4250(14) 100 690 9650 4375 105 720 9900 4500 42X13-20 NHS LBS KG 10500 4765 10800 4900 11100(16) 11500 5035(16) 5215 12.00-20NHS LBS KG 11700 5300 12000(16) 5450(16) 12300 5600 44X18-20NHS LBS KG 14300 6485 14700 6670 14.00-20NHS LBS 16100 7300 50X20-20NHS LBS KG 14.00-24NHS LBS KG BIAS 10.00-20NHS 118 120 830 125 860 130 900 135 930 145 1000 150 1030 11800 5350 12100 5490 12300 5580 12600 5715 12900(20) 13200 5850(20) 5985 13500 6125 13700 6215 12800 5800 13200 6000 13600(20) 13900 6150(20) 6300 13900 6500 14300 6500 14800 6700 15200(24) 6900(24) 15200 6900 15200 6895 15600 7075 16000 7260 16400 7440 16800 7620 17200 7800 17600 7985 17900 8120 18300 8300 18700 8480 16600(20) 7500(20) 17100 7750 17600 8000 18200 8250 18700(24) 18700 8500(24) 8500 19300 8750 19800 9000 20400(28) 9250(28) 22500 10200 23200 10500 23900 10800 24500 11100 25200 11400 25800(28) 26400 11700(28) 12000 27100 12300 27700(32) 12600(32) 18200 8250 18700(20) 8500(20) 19300 8750 19800 9000 20400 9250 20900(24) 20900 9500(24) 9500 21500 9750 22000(28) 10000(28) 110 115 760 790 10200(16) 4625(16) L ALL INFLATION PRESSURES ABOVE 150 PSI REQUIRE PERMAFOAM INFLATION/FILL. Above loads and inflatiaons are for tires only. Please consult your rim manufacturer for their approvals. 140 970 L L L PERMAFOAM INFLATION REQUIRED 17000(32) 7710(32) L 21600(48) 9800(48) 16500(28) 7500(28) 20100(32) 9115(32) 21500(36) 9750(36) 22000(32) 10000(32) 28300(48) 12850(48) 30000(36) 13610(36) 25500(48) 11565(48) LOAD LIMITS AT COLD INFLATION PRESSURES 5 MPH (10 KM/H) OFF-THE-ROAD UNDERGROUND MINE SERVICE PSI KPA LBS KG 105 725 8250 3750 109 750 8550 3875 112 775 8550 3875 116 800 8800 4000 120 825 9100 4125 123 850 9350 4250 127 875 9350 4250 131 900 9650 4375 134 925 9900 4500 138 950 10200 4625 141 975 10200 4625 145 1000 10500 4750 149 1025 10700 4875 35X15R15NHS LBS KG 10200 4625 10500 4750 10700 4875 11000 5000 11400 5150 11700 5300 12000 5450 12000 5450 12300 5600 12800 5800 12800 5800 13200 6000 13200 6000 18300 8300 12.00R20 NHS LBS KG 12300 5600 12800 5800 12800 5800 13200 6000 13600** 6150** 13900 6300 13900 6300 14300 6500 14800 6700 15200*** 6900*** 15200 6900 15700 7100 16100 7300 20000 9075 46X15R20NHS LBS KG 15200 6900 15700 7100 16100 7300 16100*** 16500 7300*** 7500 17100 7750 17600 8000 17600 8000 18200 8250 18700 8500 18700 8500 19300 8750 19800 9000 29700 13500 46X18R20NHS LBS KG 16100 7300 16500 7500 16500 7500 17100*** 17600 7750*** 8000 18200 8250 18200 8250 18700 8500 19300 8750 19800 9000 19800 9000 20400 9250 20900 9500 31700 14400 14.00R24NHS LBS KG 12300 5600 12800 5800 13200 6000 13600*** 6150*** 17.5R25 LBS KG 20400 9250 20900 9500 21500 9750 22000*** 10000 RADIAL 36X11R15NHS 119 L ALL INFLATION PRESSURES ABOVE 150 PSI REQUIRE PERMAFOAM INFLATION/FILL. Above loads and inflatiaons are for tires only. Please consult your rim manufacturer for their approvals. L L 12500 5675 L DRIVE AWAY LOAD AND INFLATION TABLES: ENGLISH CONVENTIONAL SIZE TIRES MAXIMUM SPEED — 30 MPH (MINIMUM INFLATION PRESSURE – 25 PSI) 120 Tire Size 12.00-20,21 NHS 12.00-24,25 NHS 13.00-24,25 NHS 14.00-20,21 NHS 14.00-24,25 NHS 16.00-21 NHS 16.00-25 18.00-25 18.00-33 18.00-49 21.00-25 21.00-35 21.00-49 24.00-25 24.00-29 24.00-35 24.00-43 24.00-49 These Loads and Inflations are to be used for Drive Away Only. They cannot be used for jobsite roading. DANGER – Operation of vehicles over the road, ignoring speed limitations and cooling requirements as noted below, can void tire warranty and induce premature tire failure! TIRE LOAD LIMITS (POUNDS) AT VARIOUS COLD INFLATION PRESSURES — POUNDS PER SQUARE INCH (PSI) 25 2690 3020 3500 3680 4120 4920 5380 6950 8050 10200 8950 10600 12900 11600 12400 13600 15200 16300 BIAS - 30 MPH ADD 10 PSI FOR RADIAL English 30 2990 3360 3880 4100 4580 5460 5980 7750 9000 11400 9950 11800 14300 12900 13800 15100 16900 18100 35 3260 3680 4260 4500 5020 5980 6550 8500 9850 12400 10900 12900 15700 14100 15100 16600 18500 19900 40 3540 3980 4600 4860 5420 6450 7100 9150 10600 13400 11800 14000 17000 15200 16300 17900 20000 21500 45 3780 4260 4920 5200 5800 6950 7600 9800 11400 14400 12600 15000 18200 16300 17500 19200 21400 23000 50 4020 4540 5240 5540 6200 7350 8050 10400 12100 15300 13400 15900 19300 17400 18600 20400 22700 24500 55 4260 4800 5540 5860 6550 7800 8550 11000 12800 16200 14200 16900 20400 18400 19700 21600 24000 25900 60 4480 5040 5820 6150 6850 8200 9000 11600 13500 17000 14900 17700 21500 19300 20700 22700 25300 27200 65 4700 5280 6100 6450 7200 8600 9400 12200 14100 17800 15700 18600 22500 20200 21700 23800 26500 28500 70 4900 5520 6400 6750 7500 8950 9850 12700 14700 18600 16400 19400 23500 21100 22600 24800 27700 29800 75 5100 5740 6650 7000 7850 9350 10200 13200 15400 19400 17000 20200 24500 22000 23600 25800 28800 31000 For Service Notes – See next page. Contact your Rim Supplier regarding information on Rim Strength. 80 5300 5960 6900 7300 8150 9700 10600 13700 15900 20200 17700 21000 25400 22900 24500 26800 29900 32200 85 5500 6200 7150 7550 8450 10100 11000 14200 16500 20900 18300 21700 26300 23700 25400 27800 31000 33400 90 5680 6400 7400 7800 8700 10400 11400 14700 17100 21600 18900 22500 27200 24500 26200 28800 32100 34500 95 5860 6600 7600 8050 9000 10700 11800 15200 17600 22300 19600 23200 28100 25300 27100 29700 33100 35600 100 6050 6800 7850 8300 9250 11100 12100 15700 18200 23000 20200 23900 29000 26000 27900 30600 34100 36700 DRIVE AWAY LOAD AND INFLATION TABLES: ENGLISH CONVENTIONAL SIZE TIRES MAXIMUM SPEED — 30 MPH (MINIMUM INFLATION PRESSURE – 25 PSI) Tire Size 27.00-33 27.00-49 30.00-51 33.00-51 36.00-51 40.00-57 These Loads and Inflations are to be used for Drive Away Only. They cannot be used for jobsite roading. DANGER – Operation of vehicles over the road, ignoring speed limitations and cooling requirements as noted below, can void tire warranty and induce premature tire failure! TIRE LOAD LIMITS (POUNDS) AT VARIOUS COLD INFLATION PRESSURES — POUNDS PER SQUARE INCH (PSI) 25 16200 20000 24700 28600 34900 44500 121 BIAS - 30 MPH ADD 10 PSI FOR RADIAL English 30 18100 22200 27500 31900 38800 49600 35 19800 24300 30100 34900 42500 54200 40 21400 36300 32500 37700 45900 58600 45 22900 28200 34900 40400 49200 63000 50 24400 30000 37100 43000 52300 67000 55 25800 31700 39200 45400 55300 70500 60 27100 33300 41300 47800 58200 74500 65 28400 34900 43200 50100 61000 78000 70 29700 36500 45200 52300 63500 81500 75 30900 38000 47000 54500 65500 84500 80 32100 39400 48800 56500 69000 88000 85 33200 40900 50600 58600 71500 91000 90 34400 42300 52300 60500 74000 94000 95 35500 43600 54000 62500 76000 97500 Service Notes – A. Regular Tread Tires 1. Maximum Highway Speeds: Conventional tires – 30 MPH, Wide Base Tires – 20 MPH. 2. Stop for 30 minute cooling period after each 50 miles of driving or 2 hours of sustained operation, whichever comes first. 3. One hour minimum stop should be observed after each 4 hours of operation. 4. Where Conventional and Wide Base tires are mixed on vehicle, use guidelines specified for Wide Base tires. B. Extra Skid Depth and Special Compound Tires 1. Vehicles equipped with extra skid depth tires are not to be driven in transit over the highway unless the proposed trip is reviewed and approved by the tire manufacturer. C. Instructions for Use of Drive-Away Table – 1. Determine the load each tire will carry. 2. Using the table, select the inflation pressure shown for the tire load determined. This is the pressure required for drive-away service. 3. Tire ply rating is ignored when determining drive-away load and pressure conditions. Contact your Rim Supplier regarding information on Rim Strength. 100 36600 44900 55600 64500 78500 10000 DRIVE AWAY LOAD AND INFLATION TABLES: ENGLISH WIDE BASE SIZE TIRES MAXIMUM SPEED — 20 MPH (MINIMUM INFLATION PRESSURE – 26 PSI) 122 Tire Size 15.5-25 17.5-25 20.5-25 23.5-25 26.5-25 26.5-29 29.5-25 29.5-29 29.5-35 33.25-29 33.25-35 33.5-33 33.5-39 37.25-35 37.5-33 37.5-39 37.5-51 These Loads and Inflations are to be used for Drive Away Only. They cannot be used for jobsite roading. DANGER – Operation of vehicles over the road, ignoring speed limitations and cooling requirements as noted below, can void tire warranty and induce premature tire failure! TIRE LOAD LIMITS (POUNDS) AT VARIOUS COLD INFLATION PRESSURES — POUNDS PER SQUARE INCH (PSI) 25 3740 4460 5960 7600 9550 10200 11500 12300 13400 15100 16400 16500 17800 19800 19800 21300 24100 BIAS - 20 MPH ADD 10 PSI FOR RADIAL English 30 4160 4960 6650 8450 10600 11400 12800 13700 14900 16800 18200 18400 19800 22000 22100 23700 26800 35 4540 5440 7250 9250 11600 12400 14000 14900 16300 18400 20000 20100 21600 24100 24200 25900 29300 40 4920 5880 7850 10000 12600 13400 15200 16200 17600 19900 21600 21700 23400 26000 26100 28000 31700 45 5260 6300 8400 10700 13500 14400 16300 17300 18800 21300 23100 23300 25100 27900 28000 30000 34000 50 5600 6700 8950 11400 14300 15300 17300 18400 20000 22700 24600 24800 26700 29600 29800 32000 36100 55 5920 7100 9450 12100 15200 16200 18300 19500 21200 24000 26000 26200 28200 31300 31500 33800 38200 60 6250 7450 9950 12700 16000 17000 19200 20500 22300 25200 27400 27500 29700 33000 33100 35600 40200 65 6550 7800 10400 13300 16700 17900 20200 21500 23400 26500 28700 28900 31100 34500 34700 37300 41200 70 6800 8150 10900 13900 17500 18700 21000 22400 24400 27600 29900 30100 32500 36100 36200 38900 44000 75 7100 8500 11300 14500 18200 19400 21900 23300 25400 28800 31200 31400 33800 37600 37700 40500 45800 80 7400 8800 11800 15000 18900 20200 22800 24200 26400 29900 32400 32600 35100 39000 39200 42100 47600 85 7650 9150 12200 15600 19600 20900 23600 25100 27300 30900 33500 33800 36400 40400 40600 43600 49300 90 7900 9450 12600 16100 20200 21600 24400 26000 28300 32000 34700 34900 37600 41800 42000 45100 51000 95 8150 9750 13000 16600 20900 22300 25200 26800 29200 33000 35800 36000 38800 43100 43300 46500 52600 100 8400 10000 13400 17100 21500 23000 25900 27600 30100 34000 36900 37100 40000 44400 44700 47900 54200 Service Notes – A. Regular Tread Tires 1. Maximum Highway Speeds: Conventional tires – 30 MPH, Wide Base Tires – 20 MPH. 2. Stop for 30 minute cooling period after each 50 miles of driving or 2 hours of sustained operation, whichever comes first. 3. One hour minimum stop should be observed after each 4 hours of operation. 4. Where Conventional and Wide Base tires are mixed on vehicle, use guidelines specified for Wide Base tires. B. Extra Skid Depth and Special Compound Tires 1. Vehicles equipped with extra skid depth tires are not to be driven in transit over the highway unless the proposed trip is reviewed and approved by the tire manufacturer. C. Instructions for Use of Drive-Away Table – 1. Determine the load each tire will carry. 2. Using the table, select the inflation pressure shown for the tire load determined. This is the pressure required for drive-away service. 3. Tire ply rating is ignored when determining drive-away load and pressure conditions. Contact your Rim Supplier regarding information on Rim Strength. LOAD AND INFLATION TABLES: METRIC CONVENTIONAL SIZE TIRES MAXIMUM SPEED — 50 kph (MINIMUM INFLATION PRESSURE – 1.75 BAR) 123 Tire Size 12.00-20,21 NHS 12.00-24,25 NHS 13.00-24,25 NHS 14.00-20,21 NHS 14.00-24,25 NHS 16.00-21 NHS 16.00-25 18.00-25 18.00-33 18.00-49 21.00-25 21.00-35 21.00-49 24.00-25 24.00-29 24.00-35 24.00-43 24.00-49 DRIVE AWAY These Loads and Inflations are to be used for Drive Away Only. They cannot be used for jobsite roading. DANGER – Operation of vehicles over the road, ignoring speed limitations and cooling requirements as noted below, can void tire warranty and induce premature tire failure! TIRE LOAD LIMITS (KILOGRAMS) AT VARIOUS COLD INFLATION PRESSURES — BAR 1.75 1215 1400 1600 1700 1900 2240 2430 3150 3650 4625 4125 4875 5800 5300 5600 6150 6900 7500 2.00 1320 1500 1750 1850 2060 2430 2650 3450 4000 5000 4375 5300 6300 5800 6150 6700 7500 8000 BIAS - 50 kph ADD .75 BAR FOR RADIAL Metric 2.25 1400 1600 1850 1950 2180 2575 2900 3650 4250 5450 4750 5600 6900 6150 6500 7300 8000 8750 2.50 1500 1700 2000 2060 2300 2800 3000 3875 4500 5800 5000 6000 7300 6500 6900 7750 8500 9250 2.75 1600 1800 2060 2180 2430 2900 3250 4125 4875 6150 5300 6300 7750 6900 7300 8000 9000 9750 3.00 1700 1900 2180 2300 2575 3075 3350 4375 5000 6500 5600 6700 8000 7300 7750 8500 9500 10300 3.25 1750 2000 2300 2430 2725 3250 3550 4625 5300 6700 5800 6900 8500 7500 8250 9000 10000 10600 3.50 1850 2060 2430 2575 2800 3350 3650 4750 5600 7100 6150 7300 8750 8000 8500 9250 10300 11200 3.75 1900 2180 2500 2650 3000 3550 3875 5000 5800 7300 6300 7500 9250 8250 8750 9750 10900 11800 4.00 2000 2240 2575 2725 3075 3650 4000 5150 6000 7500 6700 7750 9500 8500 9250 10000 11200 12150 4.25 2060 2300 2750 2800 3150 3750 4125 5300 6150 7750 6900 8250 10000 9000 9500 10600 11800 12500 4.50 2120 2430 2800 2900 3250 3875 4250 5600 6500 8000 7100 8500 10300 9250 9750 10900 12150 12850 4.75 2180 2500 2900 3000 3350 4000 4375 5800 6700 8500 7300 8750 10600 9500 10300 11200 12500 13200 5.00 2300 2575 3000 3150 3450 4125 4500 5800 6900 8750 7500 9000 10900 9750 10600 11500 12850 13600 5.25 2360 2650 3075 3250 3550 4250 4625 6000 7100 9000 7750 9250 11200 10000 10900 11800 13200 14000 5.50 2430 2725 3150 3350 3650 4375 4875 6300 7300 9250 8000 9500 11500 10300 11200 12150 13600 14500 For Service Notes – See next page. Contact your Rim Supplier regarding information on Rim Strength. 5.75 2430 2800 3250 3350 3750 4500 5000 6300 7500 9500 8250 9750 11800 10600 11500 12500 14000 15000 6.00 2500 2800 3250 3450 3875 4625 5000 6500 7500 9500 8500 10000 12150 10900 11800 12850 14500 15500 6.25 2575 2900 3350 3550 4000 4750 5150 6700 7750 9750 8500 10300 12500 11200 11800 13200 14500 15500 6.50 2650 3000 3450 3650 4125 4875 5300 6900 8000 10000 8750 10600 12500 11500 12150 13600 15000 16000 6.75 2725 3075 3550 3750 4125 5000 5450 7100 8250 10300 9000 10600 12850 11800 12500 13600 15500 16500 7.00 2800 3075 3650 3750 4250 5000 5600 7100 8250 10600 9250 10900 13200 11800 12850 14000 15500 17000 DRIVE AWAY LOAD AND INFLATION TABLES: METRIC CONVENTIONAL SIZE TIRES MAXIMUM SPEED — 50 KPH (MINIMUM INFLATION PRESSURE – 1.75 BAR) Tire Size 27.00-33 27.00-49 30.00-51 33.00-51 36.00-51 40.00-57 These Loads and Inflations are to be used for Drive Away Only. They cannot be used for jobsite roading. DANGER – Operation of vehicles over the road, ignoring speed limitations and cooling requirements as noted below, can void tire warranty and induce premature tire failure! TIRE LOAD LIMITS (KILOGRAMS) AT VARIOUS COLD INFLATION PRESSURES — BAR 1.75 7500 9250 11200 13200 16000 20600 2.00 8000 10000 12150 14000 17500 21800 124 BIAS - 50 MPH ADD .75 BAR FOR RADIAL Metric 2.25 8500 10600 13200 15000 18500 23600 2.50 9250 11200 14000 16000 19500 25000 2.75 9750 11800 14500 17000 20600 26500 3.00 10300 12500 15500 18000 21800 28000 3.25 10600 13200 16000 19000 23000 29000 3.50 11200 13600 17000 19500 23600 30750 3.75 11500 14500 17500 20600 25000 31500 4.00 12150 15000 18500 21200 25750 33500 4.25 12500 15500 19000 21800 26500 34500 4.50 12850 16000 19500 23000 28000 35500 4.75 13200 16500 20000 23600 29000 36500 5.00 13600 17000 21200 24300 29000 37500 5.25 14000 17500 21800 25000 30000 38750 5.50 14500 18000 22400 25750 31500 40000 5.75 15000 18500 22400 26500 32500 41250 6.00 15500 19000 23000 27250 32500 41250 6.25 15500 19500 23600 27250 33500 42500 6.50 16000 19500 24300 28000 34500 43750 6.75 16500 20000 25000 29000 35500 45000 Service Notes – A. Regular Tread Tires 1. Maximum Highway Speeds: Conventional tires – 50 kph, Wide Base Tires – 30 kph. 2. Stop for 30 minute cooling period after each 50 miles of driving or 2 hours of sustained operation, whichever comes first. 3. One hour minimum stop should be observed after each 4 hours of operation. 4. Where Conventional and Wide Base tires are mixed on vehicle, use guidelines specified for Wide Base tires. B. Extra Skid Depth and Special Compound Tires 1. Vehicles equipped with extra skid depth tires are not to be driven in transit over the highway unless the proposed trip is reviewed and approved by the tire manufacturer. C. Instructions for Use of Drive-Away Table – 1. Determine the load each tire will carry. 2. Using the table, select the inflation pressure shown for the tire load determined. This is the pressure required for drive-away service. 3. Tire ply rating is ignored when determining drive-away load and pressure conditions. Contact your Rim Supplier regarding information on Rim Strength. 7.00 16500 20600 25750 29000 35500 46250 DRIVE AWAY LOAD AND INFLATION TABLES: METRIC WIDE BASE SIZE TIRES MAXIMUM SPEED — 32 MPH (MINIMUM INFLATION PRESSURE – 1.75 BAR) 125 Tire Size 15.5-25 17.5-25 20.5-25 23.5-25 26.5-25 26.5-29 29.5-25 29.5-29 29.5-35 33.25-29 33.25-35 33.5-33 33.5-39 37.25-35 37.5-33 37.5-39 37.5-51 These Loads and Inflations are to be used for Drive Away Only. They cannot be used for jobsite roading. DANGER – Operation of vehicles over the road, ignoring speed limitations and cooling requirements as noted below, can void tire warranty and induce premature tire failure! TIRE LOAD LIMITS (KILOGRAMS) AT VARIOUS COLD INFLATION PRESSURES — BAR 1.75 1700 2060 2725 3450 4375 4625 5300 5600 6150 6900 7500 7500 8250 9000 9000 9750 10900 2.00 1850 2180 3000 3750 4750 5000 5800 6000 6700 7500 8000 8250 8750 9750 9750 10600 11800 BIAS - 32 MPH ADD .75 PSI FOR RADIAL Metric 2.25 2000 2360 3150 4000 5000 5450 6150 6500 7100 8000 8750 8750 9500 10600 10600 11200 12850 2.50 2120 2500 3350 4250 5450 5800 6500 6900 7500 8500 9250 9250 10000 11200 11200 12150 13600 2.75 2240 2650 3550 4500 5600 6150 6900 7300 8000 9000 9750 9750 10600 11800 11800 12850 14500 3.00 2360 2800 3750 4750 6000 6500 7300 7750 8500 9500 10300 10300 11200 12500 12500 13200 15000 3.25 2430 2900 3875 5000 6300 6700 7500 8000 8750 10000 10900 10900 11800 12850 13200 14000 16000 3.50 2575 3075 4125 5300 6500 7100 8000 8500 9250 10300 11200 11200 12150 13600 13600 14500 16500 3.75 2650 3150 4250 5450 6900 7300 8250 8750 9500 10900 11800 11800 12850 14000 14000 15000 17000 4.00 2800 3350 4375 5600 7100 7500 8500 9000 10000 11200 12150 12150 13200 14500 14500 16000 18000 4.25 2900 3450 4625 5800 7300 7750 8750 9500 10300 11500 12500 12850 13600 15000 15000 16500 18500 4.50 3000 3550 4750 6000 7500 8000 9250 9750 10600 12150 13200 13200 14000 15500 16000 17000 19000 4.75 3075 3650 4875 6300 7750 8500 9500 10000 10900 12500 13600 13600 14500 16000 16500 17500 20000 5.00 3150 3750 5000 6500 8000 8750 9750 10300 11200 12850 14000 14000 15000 17000 16500 18000 20600 5.25 3250 3875 5150 6700 8250 9000 10000 10600 11500 13200 14500 15000 15500 17000 17000 18500 21200 5.50 3350 4000 5300 6900 8500 9250 10300 10900 11800 13600 14500 14500 16000 17500 17500 19000 21800 5.75 3450 4125 5450 6900 8750 9250 10600 11200 12150 14000 15000 15000 16500 18000 18000 19500 21800 6.00 3550 4250 5600 7100 9000 9500 10900 11500 12500 14000 15500 15500 16500 18500 18500 20000 22400 6.25 3650 4250 5800 7300 9250 9750 11200 11800 12850 14500 16000 16000 17000 19000 19000 20600 23000 6.50 3650 4375 5800 7500 9500 10000 11500 12150 13200 15000 16000 16500 17500 19500 19500 21200 23600 6.75 3750 4500 6000 7750 9750 10300 11500 12500 13600 15000 16500 16500 18000 20000 20000 21200 24300 7.00 3875 4625 6150 7750 9750 10600 11800 12500 13600 15500 17000 17000 18500 20600 20600 21800 25000 Service Notes – A. Regular Tread Tires 1. Maximum Highway Speeds: Conventional tires – 50 MPH, Wide Base Tires – 32 MPH. 2. Stop for 30 minute cooling period after each 80 miles of driving or 2 hours of sustained operation, whichever comes first. 3. One hour minimum stop should be observed after each 4 hours of operation. 4. Where Conventional and Wide Base tires are mixed on vehicle, use guidelines specified for Wide Base tires. B. Extra Skid Depth and Special Compound Tires 1. Vehicles equipped with extra skid depth tires are not to be driven in transit over the highway unless the proposed trip is reviewed and approved by the tire manufacturer. C. Instructions for Use of Drive-Away Table – 1. Determine the load each tire will carry. 2. Using the table, select the inflation pressure shown for the tire load determined. This is the pressure required for drive-away service. 3. Tire ply rating is ignored when determining drive-away load and pressure conditions. Contact your Rim Supplier regarding information on Rim Strength.
© Copyright 2024