1. health and fitness
2. disease

COMPLETE CATALOG 2014
COMPLETE CATLOG 2014
COMPLETE CATALOG 2015
Getting Started
To get started with Dunwoody Lab’s assays, e-mail us or give us a call to verify your
right to prescribe testing in your state. Once that is confirmed we will send kits for each of
the tests you would like to run. There is no charge for the kits themselves, only for the actual
samples run by our lab.
Kits
The kits are sent to the provider’s office. Each kit includes everything you need to
send the samples to Dunwoody Labs: instructions, requisitions, collection tubes, transfer pipettes (if needed), clinical packs, freezer bricks, insulated shipping materials, and a shipping
bag. Your return shipping is pre-paid (for domestic shipments), so return labels are included
in each kit. Most samples (all whole blood, plasma, and urine) are required to be shipped
back overnight, so timely shipping is necessary and no over-weekend shipping is allowed.
For all blood tests, your office must have the ability to draw a blood sample, or arrange for the patient to get a freshly drawn blood sample to you. If a plasma sample is required, your office, or an outside draw station, must have the ability to centrifuge the blood
before the sample is shipped. All tests require a physician’s order or that of another appropriately licensed health care provider. Samples that require urine or saliva may be shipped
directly by the patient in the provided pre-paid kit. When you need more kits, just let us know
and we will send another batch.
Billing
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Insurance
We do bill insurance for some of our tests, assuming a clinic has chosen to
have us bill patients directly. Insurance billing availability varies by state. If you are
interested in having us accept patient insurance, please contact us and ask to speak to
an insurance specialist. Our testing may be reimbursable by insurance plans. Offices
that opt to have us bill them directly may be able to submit insurance claims on behalf
of their patients.
Test Results
Once tests are completed, your office will receive test results on each test run
through Dunwoody Labs. These results are formatted in a similar way to those found
in this information packet. Each results sheet includes an easy-to-read results table that
indicates both raw data and a graph indicating the level or relative level of the analyte tested, norms for that analyte, and any high or low results and relative range of
those abnormal results. These results sheets are suitable for both clinicians and patients. Each clinician’s office will be given a log-in for our website after we establish
your account. This log-in will allow you to view and download patient results sheets
as they become available and to track samples as they arrive at our lab. In addition,
Dunwoody Labs will mail your office two courtesy paper copies of each results sheet
for your records. Turn-around time varies depending on the test, but is generally one
week after we receive the sample for Oxidative Stress, Oxidized LDL, and C3d/IgG;
and two weeks for other tests.
Follow-Ups and Clinical Consults
Many of the tests run by Dunwoody Labs are profiles, where
several different analytes are run to compile a more comprehensive profile of the patient in the category being tested. Many of these analytes can be ordered as individual
tests, which offers a cost-effective way to follow-up after treatment with specifically
targeted testing.
Our clinical consultant and education director are also
available for complimentary consults on individual
patient results.
Whether you are looking for a unique profile on
a difficult to diagnose patient, or are looking to
integrate a wider range of testing into your initial
health screening process, let Dunwoody Labs partner with
your office to fine-tune your patients’ medical care.
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Heavy Metal Testing: Profile 1000
Why Test Heavy Metals?
Analysis of the levels of toxic metals in urine after the administration of a
metal detoxification agent is an objective way to evaluate the accumulation of toxic metals. Acute metal poisoning is rare. More common, however, is a chronic,
low-level exposure to toxic metals that can result in significant retention in the body
that can be associated with a vast array of adverse health effects. One cannot draw
valid conclusions about adverse health effects of metals without assessing net retention. For an individual, toxicity occurs when net retention exceeds physiological
tolerance. Net retention is determined by the difference between the rates of assimilation and excretion of metals.
Many clinicians also request the analysis of essential elements in urine
specimens to evaluate nutritional status and the efficacy of mineral supplementation
during metal detoxification therapy. Metal detoxification agents can significantly
increase the excretion of specific nutrient elements such as zinc, copper, manganese,
and molybdenum.
Chromium metabolism authorities suggest that 24-hour chromium excretion
likely provides the best assessment of chromium status. Early indication of renal
dysfunction can be gleaned from urinary wasting of essential elements such as magnesium, calcium, potassium and sodium in an unprovoked specimen.
Variability in urine volume can drastically affect the concentration of elements. To compensate for urine dilution variation, elements are expressed per unit
creatinine for timed collections. For 24-hour collections, elements are reported as
both units per 24 hours and units per creatinine.
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Heavy Metal Testing: Profile 1000
Heavy Metal Testing: Profile 1000
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Serum and Salivary Hormone: Profile 1100 & 1150
Why Test Hormones?
The hormone profile is a comprehensive look at all of the major hormones. By
measuring all the major hormones at one time, one can determine their interactions and
how to optimize their balance. Good hormones are like clean oil in the engine. Hormones make everything function better when they are optimal. They improve stamina,
cognitive function, and general well-being. They reduce heart disease, improve bone
density, and prevent aging and conditions of aging such as neurologic conditions, diabetes and even some cancers.
The key to healthy hormone use is testing levels to make sure hormones are
in normal range, but also in balance with one another. Hormone health can be a life
changing event for many people. Restoring balance gives people a sense of youthfulness and returned self. Hormones working together in concert are critical for proper
functioning and prevention of many age-related conditions.
A decision to use either serum or salivary hormone testing is multifactorial.
Dunwoody Labs sees the merit of both under certain circumstances and makes both
available.
Specific male and female profiles are also available. Also available on request is
di-hydroxytestosterone.
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Serum and Salivary Hormone: Profile 1100 & 1150
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Serum and Salivary Hormone: Profile 1100 & 1150
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Complete and Basic Thyroid Profile: 1200 & 1250
Why Test a Complete Thyroid Profile?
Thyroid is one of the most under addressed conditions in medicine today. When
the thyroid is low people feel fatigued, lack motivation, have difficulty losing weight,
difficulty with concentration, feel depressed, and tend to have more trouble with digestion. If the thyroid is off, the entire system feels run down. Better thyroid function
helps the immune system, our energy level, and reproductive function. There are thyroid receptors on every tissue in the body, demonstrating its necessity for all systems.
When the thyroid is corrected it is like a light switch coming on in the system. We feel
restored and more like ourselves.
Standard measures of thyroid function, according to the Journal of Endocrinology, miss up to half of the population. You must assess each step in thyroid function to
know that the entire pathway is workinag effectively. Abnormalities in thyroid function
can be indicative of different nutrient deficiencies, auto-immune conditions and even a
risk factor for certain cancers. Thyroid drives metabolism and is therefore critical for
optimal well-being. Thyroid antibodies are indicative of certain nutritional deficiencies
and are risk factors for cancer. Reverse T3 lets us know how stress is effecting metabolism.
Basic Thyroid Profile
A basic thyroid profile includes TSH, free and total T3 and T4. This can be
used for an abbreviated snapshot or for follow-up test.
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Complete and Basic Thyroid Profile: 1200 & 1250
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Adrenal Stress: Profile 1600
Why Test for Adrenal? Stress?
The adrenal glands are located on top of the kidneys and are responsible for the
synthesis of several hormones. One key adrenal hormone is cortisol, which has the ability
to regulate glucose levels, blood pressure, immune response, inflammation, and circadian
rhythm (the sleep-wake cycle).
Cortisol has also been called the “stress hormone” for its involvement in the reaction to stress and anxiety. Prolonged exposure to stress can cause the adrenal glands to
become fatigued, which causes a corresponding decrease in cortisol levels, thus hindering
the body’s response to stress.
Because cortisol is involved in the sleep-wake cycle, it reaches maximum levels in
the morning, which help us get out of bed and begin the day, and has minimum levels at
midnight, helping us get to sleep. Abnormalities in this cycle can lead to fatigue, insomnia
and depression among other things.
Our cortisol panel utilizes four salivary samples collected throughout one day from
the patient. This makes the test both noninvasive and easy for patient compliance.
DHEA (DeHydroEpiAndrosterone), another hormone produced by the adrenals,
is a precursor to androgens (testosterone) and estrogens. DHEA levels can be used to
identify early adrenal fatigue.
In addition to four cortisol and one DHEA sample, our advanced profile contains
secretory IgA (sIgA) and anti-gliadin IgA. sIgA is a marker of intestinal integrity and
gut immune health. The lower the immune health, the more “leaky” the gut is, the more
likely there are to be food allergies and gut disturbances.
Gliadin is a major protein constituent of gluten. Anti-gliadin IgA is an immunological reaction to gliadin. One in 5 people suffers from some level of gluten intolerance
which may lead to nausea, fatigue, joint pain, depression, and diarrhea.
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Adrenal Stress: Profile 1600
% Gliadin Antibody
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Basic and Advanced Oxidative Stress Profile 2600 & 2800
Why Test For Advanced Oxidative
Stress?
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide
are constantly produced by metabolic processes in all living cells. Under normal
physiological conditions, cell generated ROS are neutralized by the action of antioxidants and antioxidant enzymes. Should these systems falter, excessive ROS accumulation can lead to cellular damage, including DNA damage, protein oxidation and
lipid oxidation which may lead to damage of cell membranes and mitochondria as
well as the progression of conditions associated with aging.
The Oxidative Stress Test measures two systems for removing ROS from
the cell. The first is intracellular reduced glutathione, the primary antioxidant found
within cells. The second is the superoxide dismutase (SOD) family, the main enzymes which remove ROS from the cell and mitochondria. In addition to evaluating
the cell’s ability to remove ROS, damage to lipids and DNA is also quantified using
glutathione peroxidase, F2-Isoprostane, and 8-hydroxy-deoxyguaninosine (8-OHdG).
Glutathione peroxidase is an antioxidant response element involved in detoxing the
liver, repairing the brain, and protecting the thyroid. F2- isoprostane is pro-inflammatory, vasoconstrictive, is downstream from arachidonic acid and creates inflammation within the brain. 8-OHdG is correlates with an increased risk of cancer and
neurologic disorders. This profile demonstrates the antioxidant capacity of the cell,
the removal of ROS and the damage created as a result of excess ROS.
Measuring and treating oxidative stress helps prevent aging and age related
conditions such as cancer, heart disease, and diabetes.
Why Test For Basic Oxidative Stress?
This urinary profile is gives you highly evidenced markers of oxidative
stress that indicate an increased risk of heart disease, neurologic conditions, lack of
hormone safety and possible cancer.
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Basic and Advanced Oxidative Stress Profile 2600 & 2800
F2-isoprostane is an eicosanoid produced by the oxidation of phospholipids and appears within plasma and urine. F2 isoprostane is vasoconstrictive and a
marker of oxidative stress. It is a charged form of arachidonic acid that is highly
inflammatory and implicated in depression, neurologic conditions and cancers.
Glutathione is the major intracellular antioxidant within the lung, liver
and brain. It minimizes the impact of reactive oxygen species in the mitochondria
which slows degenerative processes. A decrease in glutathione results in an increased risk of diabetes, neurological conditions, heart disease and any condition
of aging.
8-OHdG is a marker of DNA damage. High 8-OHdG has been implicated in cancer, diabetes and neurological conditions.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide are constantly produced during metabolic processes in all living cells. Superoxide dismutase is one of the most important antioxidant enzymes. Low levels
are associated with aging processes and a system in decline. High levels are
reactive to some assault to the system.
Glutathione peroxidase is the antioxidant response element in the tissue
of the brain, thyroid, and liver. It is involved in detoxification and reduction of
reactive oxygen species. When it is low, we suffer from poor detoxification abilities. When it is high, we know the system is under toxic and oxidative stress.
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Advanced Oxidative Stress Profile 2800
3.2
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Bone Resorption: Profile 3100
Why Test Bone Resorption?
Bone resorption is a process by which bone is degraded and leads to
the release of calcium and proteins from the bone structure into the blood where it
is filtered by the kidneys and detected in urine. During growth and development,
bone synthesis occurs at a faster rate than bone resorption. However, as people
age, the rate of bone growth slows and bone resorption occurs faster than new bone
growth. When this occurs, bone density decreases, which may lead to osteoporosis
and injury as a result of trauma. Low bone density is the leading cause of persons
seeking assisted living. High levels of NTx (cross linked N-teleopeptides of type
I collagen) can be a sign of osteoporosis, while low levels may indicate over-treatment of osteoporosis with bisphosphonates.
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Bone Resorption: Profile 3100
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Neurotransmitter Profile 4000
Why Test Neurotransmitter Levels?
Neurotransmitters are major players in brain chemistry. Neurotransmitters help
us think and process the world around us. Imbalances make us depressed, anxious or
angry. They are critical to our emotional and mental well-being.
Dopamine is the major neurotransmitter associated with the pleasure center of
the brain. It is also involved in sensory integration. Conditions associated with abnormal dopamine levels are:
High
Dopamine:
• Aggression
• Paranoia
Low
Dopamine:
• ADHD
• Depression
• Spectrum Disorders
Serotonin is the neurotransmitter most associated with mood. Adequate levels
prevent depression and modulate pain response. High serotonin is associated with a
state of stress and can contribute to oxidative damage in the brain as well as bone loss.
Conditions associated with abnormal serotonin levels are:
Low Serotonin:
• Fatigue
• Disturbed Sleep
• Changes in Appetite
• Hot Flashes
• Depression
• Irritability
• Mood Disturbances
• Muscle Cramps
• Bowel Cramps
High Serotonin:
• Serotonin Sickness
• IBS
• Celiac Disease
• Oxidative stress in CNS
• Bone Loss
• Initial Stress State
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Neurotransmitter Profile 4000
Why Test Neurotransmitter Levels?
High levels of norepinephrine and epinephrine are associated with an increased
stress response. Typically patients are in more of a fight or flight pattern when norepinephrine/epinephrine is high. Abnormal norepinephrine/epinephrine is associated with
fatigue and other symptoms such as:
High Norepinephrine
• Aggression
• Anxiety
Low Norepinephrine
• Depression
• ADHD
High Epinephrine
• Aggression
• Anxiety
• Insomnia
• Acute Stress
Low Epinephrine
• Weight Gain
• Attention Deficit
• Adrenal Fatigue
GABA is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. It helps with rest
and relaxation. It is the most abundant neurotransmitter which makes it extremely important for overall well-being. Conditions associated with abnormal GABA levels are:
Low GABA
• Anxiety
• Stress
• Insomnia
• Tension Headaches
• Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
High GABA
• Lethargy
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Neurotransmitter Profile 4000
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Food Sensitivity C3d/IgG: Profile 5000
Why Test Food Sensitivity?
Within the US, approximately 50 million people suffer from allergies at
a cost of $18 billion a year. The prevalence of food allergies has been increasing
and it is estimated that 50% of adults and 70% of children suffer from food allergies. In extreme cases, food allergies can lead to anaphylactic shock and death
if untreated. Fortunately, most people do not have allergic reactions that severe.
The symptoms of food allergies are typically fatigue, joint pain, congestion,
headache, rashes and chronic intestinal symptoms.
In addition to common food allergens, our profile measures the preservatives, MSG, butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), polysorbate-80, and the food
additives Red#2, Red#3, Red#40, Yellow#6, along with the artificial sweeteners
aspartame and saccharin.
Allergic reactions are classified into four types. Our food allergy profile
detects Type II/III responses, which are associated with a delayed allergic response mediated by an IgG response and immune complexes. Within this immune
complex the complement component 3 (C3) is converted into C3d, which is an
activator of the complement cascade. Our food allergy test is unique in that the
test detects all classes of IgG and IgG-C3d immune complexes for a higher sensitivity.
Symptoms of C3d/IgG Sensitivity Include:
•
•
•
•
•
•
Fatigue
Bloating
IBS
Constipation
Anxiety/Depression
Palpitations
•
•
•
•
•
•
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Headaches
Joint pain
Eczema
Circles under eyes
Pain
Auto-immune reactions
Food Sensitivity C3d/IgG: Profile 5000
Food Sensitivity C3d and IgG Report:
Profile 5000
Name:
Age:
NA
Date of Birth:
NA
Date Drawn:
NA
Date Test Completed:
NA
Doctor:
NA
Color Key:
Severe Reaction
4+
High Reaction
3+
Moderate Reaction
2+
Mild Reaction
1+
No Reaction
Negative
Contact Information:
Dunwoody
Labs
Nine Dunwoody Park, Suite 121
Dunwoody, GA 30338
Phone: 678-736-6374
[email protected]
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Food Sensitivity C3d/IgG: Profile 5000
Agave
Almond
Apple
Artichoke
Asparagus
Aspartame
Avocado
Bacon
Baker's Yeast
Banana
Barley
Basil
Beef
Beet
Benzoic Acid
BHA
Black Pepper
Blueberry
Brewer's Yeast
Broccoli
Cabbage
Candida
Canola Oil
Cantaloupe
Carob
Carrot
Casein
Cashew
Catfish
Cauliflower
Celery
Cherry
Chick Peas
Chicken
Chili Pepper
Cinnamon
Clam
Cocao
Coconut
Codfish
Coffee
Collard Greens
Corn
Cottonseed
0
1
2
3
Reaction Scale
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4
5
Food Sensitivity C3d/IgG: Profile 5000
Cow's Milk
Crab
Cranberry
Cucumber
Dill Seed
Duck
Egg Albumin
Egg Yolk
English Walnut
Flax Seed
Flounder
Garlic
Ginger
Gluten
Goat's Milk
Grapefruit
Grapes
Green Olive
Green Pea
Green Pepper
Halibut
Hazelnut
Honeydew Melon
Hops
Kidney Bean
Kolanut
Lemon
Lentils
Lettuce
Lime
Lobster
Millet
MSG
Mushroom
Mustard
Navy Bean
Oat
Onion
Orange
Oregano
Paprika
Peach
Peanut
Pear
0
1
2
Reaction Scale
24
3
4
5
Food Sensitivity C3d/IgG: Profile 5000
Pecan
Peppermint
Pineapple
Pinto Bean
Plum
Polysorbate 80
Pomegranate
Pork
Pumpkin
Raspberry
Red #3
Red #40
Red Wine
Rice
Rosemary
Rye
Saccharin
Saflower Seed
Salmon
Scallops
Sesame
Shrimp
Snapper
Soybean
Spinach
Spirulina
Squash Mix
Strawberry
Sugarcane
Sunflower Seed
Sweet Potato
Swordfish
Tea
Tomato
Trout
Tumeric
Tuna
Turkey
Vanilla
Watermelon
White Potato
Whole Wheat
Yellow #6
Zucchini
0
1
2
3
Reaction Scale
25
4
5
Intestinal Barrier Assessment:
Profile 5100/5150
Includes Diamine Oxidase (DAO), Histamine, and an Option for Lipopolysaccharides (LPS)*
Up to 80% of the immune system is located in the gastrointesti- nal tract, and it is your body’s
interface with the outside world. Foods, nutrients, medications, alcohol, pesticides, toxins,
viruses, bacteria, and fungus all have intimate contact with your body through the gut.
Together, the gut and the immune system act as the protectors of your health. They have to figure
out the safe things to let into the body, and the bad things that should be kept out, attacked, or
destroyed.
When the gut barrier becomes damaged from food allergens, chemicals, antibiotics, junk food, or
infection the important guardian function can be compromised. This kind of damage is referred
to as intestinal permeability or “leaky gut.” A leaky gut means the GI barrier has broken down,
allowing harmful elements to leak through and cause symptoms.
Imbalances in histamine, DAO, and LPS are associated with leaky gut. When these markers are
abnormal, it shows that your whole body is under attack.
What Does the Test Tell Me?
The Intestinal Barrier Assessment is a blood test that measures gut health, bacterial infection, and
allergic inflammation.
Diamine oxidase (DAO) and histamine can tell your doctor if you have leaky gut, problems
breaking down histamine, or if there is inflammation causing allergic-type symptoms. High
lipopolysaccharides (LPS) tell your doctor that your body’s defenses are down and can indicate
an infection. If you have reflux, chronic diarrhea, or food sensitivities, your doctor is using the
Intestinal Barrier Assessment to look for the underlying cause of these symptoms.
What Will My Doctor Recommend If My Results are Abnormal?
If your DAO is low, and you have high histamine, your doctor may give you supplements to help
your body break down histamine effectively. Your doctor might also recommend dietary changes
and supplements, such as probiotics, to help heal your leaky gut and restore a healthy balance of
gut bacteria.
With a combination of diet, supplements, and nutrition, your gut will get healthier, your system
will recover, and your body will do a better job determining what is healthy versus what is a
threat. Through this strategy, many GI symptoms, food sensitivities, neurological disorders, and
autoimmune diseases can be improved.
*Due to quality concerns, zonulin was removed from the profile September 23, 2014. We hope to offer zonulin testing
again in the near future.
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Intestinal Barrier Assessment: Profile 5100/5150
Nine Dunwoody Park, Suite 121
Dunwoody, GA 30338
678-736-6374
770-674-1701 (fax)
[email protected]
Clinic ID: 00654
Clinic Name: Health and Wellness Clinic
Clinic Address: 123 Main St
Clinic City, State ZIP: Dunwoody, GA 30338
Clinic Phone: 404.555.1234
Clinic FAX: 404.555.4321
Patient Name: John Doe
Patient DOB: October 01, 1965
Ordering Physician: Jones, Susanne
Sample Date: April 04, 2014
Date of Report: April 04, 2014 Intestinal Barrier Assessment w/ LPS: Profile 5150 (Plasma)
KEY
Optimal results fall within the green
shaded section.
Population Distribution
Borderline results fall within the yellow
shaded section.
Levels outside of clinical reference
range fall within the red shaded section.
Patient results indicator.
Patient Results
Reference
Range
Diamine Oxidase
36.4 ng/mL > 100.00 ng/mL Histamine
0.8 ng/mL 1.0 - 3.1 ng/mL DAO:Histamine
Ratio
Lipopolysaccharide
45.5 > 65.26 Negative
(Below Detectable
Level) > 0.10 EU/ml 27
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Why Test Gut Ecology?
The Comprehensive Digestive Analysis is designed to test the ecology and
physiology of the gut. The gut is central to health and nutrition because without
adequate digestion nothing gets into the system as it should. Gut health is inherent to optimal wellness. While we obviously think about the connection between
overall health and specific conditions related to the gut, such as irritable bowel
syndrome, colitis and Crohn’s, every health condition is impacted by the gut.
While traditional stool cultures only look for a few pathogenic gut flora, this test
evaluates hundreds of different species of flora to assess the impact on intestinal
health. Often, many conditions that are thought to be permanent can be corrected
or greatly improved by assessing gut ecology and treating accordingly. Bacteria,
yeast, and parasites that may be harbored in the gut can contribute to fatigue,
gas, bloating, diarrhea, and constipation. Also, infections in the gut weaken the
immune system and create an environment that is more susceptible to systemic
infections of all kinds. Harboring a chronic infection in the gut disrupts immune
function in such a way that it can predispose us to autoimmune conditions.
Infections in the gut affect our level of inflammation throughout the body.
More histamine is produced in the gut than anywhere else in the system. Also,
many neurotransmitters are made in the gut including serotonin and melatonin.
When the gut is in disrepair our system is weakened in general.
In addition to testing gut bugs, this stool culture shows you markers for
inflammation in the gut to gauge improvement of care. Markers that show how
well one is absorbing are also illustrated. A number of short chain fatty acids are
shown which are indicators for how strong the gut wall is. All fundamental building blocks for gut health are included in this profile.
The Complete Stool Culture Analysis includes all gut bugs, measures of
gut lining to assess gut permeability, as well as measures of absorption and digestive enzymes.
However, each major grouping of the stool culture can be done individually as well for more specific patient needs and follow-up care.
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LAB #:
PATIENT:
ID:
SEX:
AGE:
CLIENT #:
DOCTOR:
Complete Stool Culture Analysis
BACTERIOLOGY CULTURE
Expected/Beneficial flora
Commensal (Imbalanced) flora
Dysbiotic flora
Bacteroides fragilis group
Bifidobacterium spp.
Escherichia coli
Lactobacillus spp.
Enterococcus spp.
Clostridium spp.
NG = No Growth
BACTERIA INFORMATION
Expected /Beneficial bacteria make up a significant portion of the total microflora in a healthy & balanced GI tract. These beneficial bacteria have many
health-protecting effects in the GI tract including manufacturing
vitamins, fermenting
fibers, digesting proteins and carbohydrates, and propagating antiBACTERIOLOGY
INFORMATION
tumor and anti-inflammatory factors.
Clostridia are prevalent flora in a healthy intestine. Clostridium spp. should be considered in the context of balance with other expected/beneficial flora.
Absence of clostridia or over abundance relative to other expected/beneficial flora indicates bacterial imbalance. If C. difficile associated disease is
suspected, a Comprehensive Clostridium culture or toxigenic C. difficile DNA test is recommended.
Commensal (Imbalanced) bacteria are usually neither pathogenic nor beneficial to the host GI tract. Imbalances can occur when there are insufficient
levels of beneficial bacteria and increased levels of commensal bacteria. Certain commensal bacteria are reported as dysbiotic at higher levels.
Dysbiotic bacteria consist of known pathogenic bacteria and those that have the potential to cause disease in the GI tract. They can be present due to a
number of factors including: consumption of contaminated water or food, exposure to chemicals that are toxic to beneficial bacteria; the use of antibiotics,
oral contraceptives or other medications; poor fiber intake and high stress levels.
YEAST CULTURE
Normal flora
Dysbiotic flora
MICROSCOPIC YEAST
Result:
Many
Expected:
None - Rare
The microscopic finding of yeast in the stool is
helpful in identifying whether there is
proliferation of yeast. Rare yeast may be
normal; however, yeast observed in higher
amounts (few, moderate, or many) is abnormal.
Comments:
Date Collected:
Date Received:
Date Completed:
YEAST INFORMATION
Yeast normally can be found in small quantities in the skin, mouth, intestine and mucocutaneous
junctions. Overgrowth of yeast can infect virtually every organ system, leading to an extensive array
of clinical manifestations. Fungal diarrhea is associated with broad-spectrum antibiotics or
alterations of the patient’s immune status. Symptoms may include abdominal pain, cramping and
irritation. When investigating the presence of yeast, disparity may exist between culturing and
microscopic examination. Yeast are not uniformly dispersed throughout the stool, this may lead to
undetectable or low levels of yeast identified by microscopy, despite a cultured amount of yeast.
Conversely, microscopic examination may reveal a significant amount of yeast present, but no yeast
cultured. Yeast does not always survive transit through the intestines rendering it unvialble.
* Aeromonas, Campylobacter, Plesiomonas, Salmonella, Shigella, Vibrio, Yersinia, &
Edwardsiella tarda have been specifically tested for and found absent unless reported.
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v5.09
LAB #:
PATIENT:
ID:
SEX:
AGE:
CLIENT #:
DOCTOR:
PARASITOLOGY/MICROSCOPY *
PARASITOLOGY INFORMATION
Sample 1
Intestinal parasites are abnormal inhabitants of the gastrointestinal tract that
have the potential to cause damage to their host. The presence of any parasite
within the intestine generally confirms that the patient has acquired the
organism through fecal-oral contamination. Factors such as contaminated food
and water supplies, day care centers, increased international travel, pets,
carriers such as mosquitoes and fleas, and sexual transmission have
contributed to an increased prevalence of intestinal parasites. It is estimated
that close to one billion people worldwide are infected. Damage to the host
includes parasitic burden, migration, blockage and pressure. Immunologic
inflammation, hypersensitivity reactions and cytotoxicity also play a large role
in the morbidity of these diseases. The infective dose often relates to severity
of the disease and repeat encounters can be additive.
No Ova or Parasites
Sample 2
No Ova or Parasites
There are two main classes of intestinal parasites that can cause human
intestinal disease. They include protozoa and helminths. The protozoa typically
have two stages; the trophozoite stage that is the metabolically active, invasive
stage and the cyst stage, which is the vegetative inactive form resistant to
unfavorable environmental conditions outside the human host. Helminths are
large, multicellular organisms that are generally visible to the naked eye in their
adult stages. Like protozoa, helminths can be either free-living or parasitic in
nature. In their adult form, helminths cannot multiply in humans.
In general, acute manifestations of parasitic infection may involve diarrhea with
or without mucus and or blood, fever, nausea, or abdominal pain. However
these symptoms do not always occur. Consequently, parasitic infections may
not be diagnosed or eradicated. If left untreated, chronic parasitic infections
can cause damage to the intestinal lining and can be an unsuspected cause of
illness and fatigue. Chronic parasitic infections can also be associated with
increased intestinal permeability, irritable bowel syndrome, irregular bowel
movements, malabsorption, gastritis or indigestion, skin disorders, joint pain,
allergic reactions, and decreased immune function.
Sample 3
No Ova or Parasites
In some instances, parasites may enter the circulation and travel to various
organs causing severe organ diseases such as liver abscesses and
cysticercosis. In addition, some larval migration can cause pneumonia and in
rare cases hyper infection syndrome with large numbers of larvae being
produced and found in every tissue of the body.
*A trichrome stain and concentrated iodine wet
mount slide is read for each sample submitted.
GIARDIA/CRYPTOSPORIDIUM IMMUNOASSAY
Within
Outside
Reference Range
Giardia lamblia
Pos
range
Cryptosporidium
Pos
range
Comments:
Date Collected:
Date Received:
Date Completed:
0001706
30
Giardia lamblia is flagellated protozoan that
infects the small intestine and is passed in stool
and spread by the fecal-oral route. Waterborne
transmission is the major source of giardiasis.
Cryptosporidium is a coccidian protozoa that
can be spread from direct person-to-person
contact or waterborne transmission.
v5.09
LAB #:
PATIENT:
ID:
SEX:
AGE:
CLIENT #:
DOCTOR:
Complete Digestive Stool Analysis
DIGESTION /ABSORPTION
Within
Outside
Reference Range
Elastase
226
>300
Fat Stain
High
range
Muscle fibers
Few
range
Vegetable fibers
None
range
Carbohydrates
Few
range
INFLAMMATION
Within
Lysozyme*
Outside
732
Reference Range
<600 ng/mL
Lactoferrin
54
<60 µg/mL
White Blood Cells
None
None-few
Mucus
None
None-few
IMMUNOLOGY
Within
Secretory IgA*
Outside
383
Reference Range
50-250 mg/dL
Elastase findings can be used for the diagnosis
or the exclusion of exocrine pancreatic
insufficiency. Correlations between low levels
and chronic pancreatitis and cancer have been
reported. Fat Stain: Microscopic determination
of fecal fat using Sudan IV staining is a
qualitative procedure utilized to assess fat
absorption and to detect steatorrhea. Muscle
fibers in the stool are an indicator of incomplete
digestion. Bloating, flatulence, feelings of
“fullness” may be associated with increase in
muscle fibers. Vegetable fibers in the stool may
be indicative of inadequate chewing, or eating
“on the run”. Carbohydrates: The presence of
reducing substances in stool specimens can
indicate carbohydrate malabsorption.
Lysozyme* is an enzyme secreted at the site of
inflammation in the GI tract and elevated levels
have been identified in IBD patients. Lactoferrin
is a quantitative GI specific marker of
inflammation used to diagnose and differentiate
IBD from IBS and to monitor patient inflammation
levels during active and remission phases of IBD.
White Blood Cells (WBC): in the stool are an
indication of an inflammatory process resulting in
the infiltration of leukocytes within the intestinal
lumen. WBCs are often accompanied by mucus
and blood in the stool. Mucus in the stool may
result from prolonged mucosal irritation or in a
response to parasympathetic excitability such as
spastic constipation or mucous colitis.
Secretory IgA* (sIgA) is secreted by mucosal
tissue and represents the first line of defense of
the GI mucosa and is central to the normal
function of the GI tract as an immune barrier.
Elevated levels of sIgA have been associated
with an upregulated immune response.
Comments:
Date Collected:
Date Received:
Date Completed:
0001563
31
v5.09
LAB #:
PATIENT:
ID:
SEX:
AGE:
CLIENT #:
DOCTOR:
B acterial S us ceptibilities : Pseudomonas aeruginosa
NATURAL ANTIBACTERIALS
Disk Content
1mg
Berberine
33mg
Black Walnut
46mg
Caprylic Acid
11mg
Oregano
10mg
Uva Ursi
25mg
Citrus Seed Extract
Low Activity
High Activity
.17mg Silver
Natural antibacterial agents may be
useful for treatment of patients when
organisms display in-vitro sensitivity to
these agents. The test is performed by
using standardized techniques and filter
paper disks impregnated with the listed
agent. Relative activity is reported for each
natural agent based upon the diameter of
the zone of inhibition or no growth zone
surrounding the disk. Data based on over
5000 individual observations were used to
relate the zone size to the activity level of
the agent. A scale of relative activity is
defined for the natural agents tested.
PRESCRIPTIVE AGENTS
Resistant
Intermediate
Susceptible
Amoxicillin-Clavulanic Acid
S
Ampicillin
S
Cefazolin
R
Ceftazidime
S
Ciprofloxacin
S
Trimeth-sulfa
I
Comments:
Date Collected:
Date Received:
Date Completed:
Susceptible results imply that an infection
due to the bacteria may be appropriately
treated when the recommended dosage of
the tested antimicrobial agent is used.
Intermediate results imply that response
rates may be lower than for susceptible
bacteria when the tested antimicrobial
agent is used.
Resistant results imply that the bacteria will
not be inhibited by normal dosage levels of
the tested antimicrobial agent.
Natural antibacterial agent susceptibility testing is intended for research use only.
Not for use in diagnostic procedures.
v5.09
32
LAB #:
PATIENT:
ID:
SEX:
AGE:
CLIENT #:
DOCTOR:
Y eas t S us ceptibilities : Candida albicans
NATURAL ANTIFUNGALS
Disk
Content
1mg
Berberine
46mg
Caprylic Acid
10mg
Uva Ursi
Low Activity
High Activity
2.5mg Tannic Acid
11mg
Oregano
45mg
Undecylenic Acid
25mg
Citrus Seed Extract
Natural antifungal agents may be useful
for treatment of patients when organisms
display in-vitro sensitivity to these agents.
The test is performed by using standardized
techniques
and
filter
paper
disks
impregnated with the listed agent. Relative
activity is reported for each natural agent
based upon the diameter of the zone of
inhibition or no growth zone surrounding the
disk. Data based on over 5000 individual
observations were used to relate the zone
size to the activity level of the agent. A
scale of relative activity is defined for the
natural agents tested.
NON-ABSORBED ANTIFUNGALS
Low Activity
High Activity
Nystatin
Non-absorbed antifungals may be useful
for treatment of patients when organisms
display in-vitro sensitivity to these agents.
The test is performed using standardized
commercially prepared disks impregnated
with Nystatin. Relative activity is reported
based upon the diameter of the zone of
inhibition or no growth zone surrounding the
disk.
AZOLE ANTIFUNGALS
Resistant
Fluconazole
S-DD
Susceptible
R
Itraconazole
S
Ketoconazole
S
Susceptible results imply that an infection
due to the fungus may be appropriately
treated when the recommended dosage of
the tested antifungal agent is used.
Susceptible - Dose Dependent (S-DD)
results imply that an infection due to the
fungus may be treated when the highest
recommended dosage of the tested
antifungal agent is used.
Resistant results imply that the fungus will
not be inhibited by normal dosage levels of
the tested antifungal agent.
Standardized test interpretive categories established for Candida spp. are used for all yeast isolates.
Comments:
Date Collected:
Date Received:
Date Completed:
Yeast antifungal susceptibility testing is intended for research use only.
Not for use in diagnostic procedures.
v5.09
0001710
33
Complete Cardio Profile with Ox LDL 6100
Why Test For A Complete Cardio and
Metabolic Profile?
OXIDIZED LDL PREDICTS THE PROGRESSION OF HEART DISEASE AND PLAQUE FORMATION IN THE ARTERIES.
Research from JAMA (Journal of the American Medical Association)
and Journal of Internal Medicine and Circulation confirm that we can finally predict the risk of heart disease, even if symptoms do not present themselves, and in patients with no previous history of heart disease. Oxidized
LDL (OxLDL) also reveals our needs for heart healthy antioxidants such as
CoQ10. High levels of oxidized LDL is a predictor of plaque formation in
arteries, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and heart disease.
As the rate of obesity increases throughout the world, there is an
alarming rate of insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease, even in children. Oxidized LDL has been shown to be a predictive marker for early
signs of atherosclerosis in children, even as young as 6 years of age.
One of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in patients with
rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is cardiovascular disease. As a result of the increased inflammation associated with RA, there are structural changes within
lipoproteins that may potentiate cardiovascular disease. It was shown that
increased levels of oxidized LDL was associated with both subclinical atherosclerosis and inflammatory variables. The same pattern of a high oxidized
LDL is seen in depression. The state of lipids is a valuable biomarker in
many conditions.
Oxidized LDL is implicated in a number of pathologies, as many
conditions can be thought of as lipid dysfunction. Unoxidized LDL is used to
repair the myelin sheath of nerves, the brain and aid in healthy cellular membrane formation. Oxidized LDL impairs function in all these areas. Research
associates high oxLDL with conditions like MS, depression and PCOS as
well as heart disease.
Oxidized LDL can either be measured by itself, or with a comprehensive
cardiovascular profile that helps to assess overall disease risk. The comprehensive profile assesses lipids, metabolic markers, and cardiovascular markers
related to nutritional health.
34
Complete Cardio Profile with Ox LDL 6100
Adiponectin is a peptide hormone comprising of 244 amino acids and is
exclusively expressed in adipose tissue. Adiponectin is a potent insulin enhancer and is involved in glucose metabolism. The levels of adiponectin are
decreased as obesity increases.
Leptin is a protein that inhibits food intake and stimulates energy
expenditure. Leptin works to turn on fat burning, and increases cellular metabolism. These molecules can be nutritionally influenced to help with weight
metabolism, diabetes, and other conditions of metabolic disturbances. A recent
review article in Nature explains that leptin leads to altered cellular metabolism
and immune function enhancing carcinogenesis in estrogen responsive tissues
such as breast and prostate. Leptin increases the activity of aromatase, increasing conversion of testosterone to estrogen. Leptin increases inflammation and
can decrease regulatory T cells causing impaired peripheral immune tolerance.
Leptin also increases angiogenesis in cancer cells.
35
Complete Cardio Profile with Ox LDL 6100
36
Complete Cardio Profile with Ox LDL 6100
37
Complete Cardio Profile with Ox LDL 6100
Adiponectin
Patient Results
62.4
Reference Range
2.5-87.4 ng/mL
38
Initial Screen 7000
This initial screen is designed to ensure health in your patient. It allows you to screen
for extreme conditions so that you treat patients who can be safely addressed and refer out
those who need special services. In addition to monitoring for organ decline, there are a
number of markers that will give nutritional information and are fundamental to integrative
medicine and health.
This profile includes:
–
A complete thyroid profile
–
Growth hormone which improves sleep, tissue health, and stamina
–
Vitamin D to improve cognitive function, bone health and cardiovascular health
–
RBC magnesium to aid thousands of metabolic reactions in the body every second
–
Liver markers such as ggt which let us know about oxidative stress and glutathione need
–
Uric acid as a warning sign of blood sugar dysregulation
While many labs offer basic screening, others do not provide reports and references as to
what this means from a pathologic standpoint as well as a nutritional standpoint.
Also, our representation of reference ranges will not just show “high” and “low” but will
show dysfunctional and optimal. This allows you to monitor and treat trends before they
become a pathology.
Basic Initial Screen
Various break-out profiles can be ordered to monitor systems as needed. These include:
–
CBC
–
Chemistry Screen
39
Initial Screen 7000
40
Initial Screen 7000
41
Initial Screen 7000
42
Initial Screen 7000
43
Initial Screen 7000
44
Initial Screen 7000
45
Initial Screen 7000
46
Urine Amino Acids: Profile 8000
Why Test Urine Amino Acids?
Amino acid analysis aids in the diagnosis of: dietary protein adequacy
and amino acid balance, gastrointestinal dysfunctions, forms of protein intolerance, nutritional deficiencies (vitamins, minerals), renal and hepatic dysfunction,
psychiatric abnormalities, susceptibility to inflammatory response and oxidative
stress, reduced detoxification capacity, susceptibility to occlusive arterial disease
and many inherent disorders in amino acid metabolism.
Many individuals have “hidden” impairments in amino acid metabolism
that are problematic and often go undiagnosed. These impairments may or may
not be expressed as specific symptoms. They may silently increase susceptibility
to a degenerative disease or they may be associated with, but not causative for, a
disease.
Because of the wealth of information provided, it is suggested that a
complete amino acid analysis be performed whenever a thorough nutritional and
metabolic workup is suggested.
Amino acid analysis provides fundamental information about nutrient adequacy: the quality and quantity of dietary protein, digestive disorders, and vitamin
and mineral deficiencies (particularly folic acid, B12 and B6 metabolism, zinc and
magnesium). In addition, amino acid analysis provides important diagnostic information
about hepatic and renal function, availability of precursors of neurotransmitters,
detoxification capacity, susceptibility to occlusive arterial disease (homocysteine),
and many inherent disorders in amino acid metabolism.
The patient’s results are presented in a functional format that permits ease
of interpretation. A comprehensive summary of “presumptive needs” (e.g. B6,
B12/folate, Mg) and “implied conditions” (e.g. maldigestion/malabsorption, abnormal gastrointestinal flora, impaired detoxification, oxidative stress) is presented
based upon each patient’s results. Patient specific amino acid supplement schedules and user- friendly commentary paragraphs are provided to simplify nutritional intervention.
The patient’s results are presented in a functional format that permits ease
of interpretation. A comprehensive summary of “presumptive needs” (e.g. B6,
B12/folate, magnesium) and “implied conditions” (e.g. maldigestion/malabsorption, abnormal gastrointestinal flora, impaired detoxification, oxidative stress) is
presented based upon each patient’s results. Patient specific amino acid supplement schedules and user- friendly commentary paragraphs are provided to simplify nutritional intervention.
47
LAB #:
PATIENT:
ID:
SEX:
AGE:
Amino Acids
; Urine 24-­‐hour
Urine
Amino
CLIENT #:
DOCTOR:
Acids: Profile 8000
SPECIMEN VALIDITY
RESULT
per 24 hours
Creatinine
3130
mg
24 Hour Volume
514
mL
Glutamine/Glutamate
187
Ammonia Level
(NH4)
8598
REFERENCE
INTERVAL
16th
50th
84th
97.5th
84th
97.5th
84th
97.5th
800- 2800
600- 2500
5-
µM
PERCENTILE
2.5th
160
12000-65000
Specimen Validity Index
ESSENTIAL / CONDIIONALLY INDISPENSABLE AMINO ACIDS
RESULT
µM/24 hours
Methionine
9-
73
Lysine
659
Threonine
224
Leucine
67
Isoleucine
16
Valine
REFERENCE
INTERVAL
166
Tryptophan
128
Taurine
782
Cysteine
41
Argenine
13
Histidine
228
28-
130
18-
3
Phenylalanine
700
123025-
16th
2.5th
16th
50th
56
4580-
PERCENTILE
2.5th
400
65
85
130
140
350- 1850
31-
90
10-
70
390- 1900
NONESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS
RESULT
µM/24 hours
Alanine
Aspartate
712
120-
690
45-
260
6-
65
9-
39
Asparagine
168
Glutamine
431
Glutamate
14
Cystine
REFERENCE
INTERVAL
250-
8
Glycine
3117
Tyrosine
179
Serine
510
Proline
42
PERCENTILE
50th
42
950
32-
130
30-
188
1-
70
550- 3000
200-
710
Analyzed by ©DOCTOR’S DATA, INC. Ÿ ADDRESS: 3755 Illinois Avenue, St. Charles, IL 60174-2420 Ÿ CLIA ID NO: 14D0646470 Ÿ MEDICARE PROVIDER NO: 148453
0001714
48
PATIENT:
DOCTOR:
LAB#:
PAGE:
Urine Amino Acids: Profile 8000
GASTROINTESTINAL MARKERS
RESULT
REFERENCE
INTERVAL
µM/24 hours
Ammonia
(NH4)
12000-65000
72000
Ethanolamine
572
Alpha-Aminoadipitate
134
Tryptophan
80-
400
25-
29
Taurine
600
8-
73
Threonine
125-
th
2.5 PERCENTILE
16th
50th
90
140
68th
<
47
Beta-aminoisobutyrate
87
Carnosine
72
Gamma-aminobutyrate
31
Hydroxyproline
27
95th
35
< 400
369
Anserine
97.5th
350- 1850
229
Beta-alanine
84th
< 110
<
60
<
55
<
35
MAGNESIUM DEPENDANT MARKERS
RESULT
REFERENCE
INTERVAL
µM/24 hours
Citrulline
1-
67
Ethanolamine
125-
550
Phosphoethanolamine
67
Phosphoserine
Serine
243
Taurine
214
20-
100
200-
710
0.06-
0.37
40
600
th
2.5 PERCENTILE
16th
50th
97.5th
0.8
350- 1850
68th
Methionine Sulfoxide
84th
<
8.6
95th
10
B6, B12, & FOLATE DEPENDANT MARKERS
RESULT
REFERENCE
INTERVAL
µM/24 hours
Serine
863
Alpha-aminoadipate
79
Cysteine
63
Cystathionine
41
1-Methylhistidine
112
3-Methylhistidine
27
Alpha-amino-N-butyrate
5
200-
710
31-
90
8-
9-
90
th
2.5 PERCENTILE
16th
65
80-
450
8-
90
60- 1500
< 400
379
Beta-alanine
33
Homocystine
6.7
Sarcosine
<
35
<
50
<
41
0001714
84th
68th
Beta-aminoisobutyrate
50th
49
8
95th
97.5th
PATIENT:
Urine Amino Acids: Profile 8000DOCTOR:
LAB#:
PAGE:
DETOXIFICATION MARKERS
RESULT
REFERENCE
INTERVAL
µM/24 hours
Methionine
9-
92
Cysteine
31-
82
Taurine
1642
Glutamine
389
Glycine
572
Aspartate
550-
3000
4.2
16th
50th
84th
97.5th
th
16th
50th
84th
97.5th
90
1850
9-
th
56
350-
250-
2.5 PERCENTILE
950
42
NEUROLOGICAL MARKERS
RESULT
REFERENCE
INTERVAL
µM/24 hours
Ammonia
(NH4)
Glutamine
12000- 65000
87000
829
Phenylalanine
52
Tryptophan
37
Taurine
950
30-
188
350-
1850
25-
114
Cystathionine
250-
30-
76
Tyrosine
2.5 PERCENTILE
9-
5.1
120
140
65
68th
Beta-alanine
<
28
95th
35
UREA CYCLE METABOLITES
RESULT
per 24 hours
Arginine
97
µM
Aspartate
39
µM
Citrulline
28
µM
Ornithine
21
µM
214
mM
11000
µM
Glutamine
198
µM
Asparagine
33
µM
Urea
Ammonia
(NH4)
REFERENCE
INTERVAL
10-
70
1-
40
180-
900
250-
950
9-
2-
th
2.5 PERCENTILE
16th
50th
84th
97.5th
42
55
12000- 65000
45-
68th
95th
260
specimen data
Comments:
Date Collected:
Date Received:
Date Completed:
Volume:
Collection Period:
colltype
50
NH
Chem Analyzer
4, Urea by Automated
Methodology:
LC MS/MS
v3
55
Dunwoody Labs, Inc.
Nine Dunwoody Park, Suite 121 Dunwoody, GA 30338
678-736-6374
Fax: 770-674-1701
[email protected]