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Automation Engine 11
ONE Automation Platform
Automation Engine and
SAP
Version: 11.1.0
Publication Date: 2015-06
Automic Software GmbH
ii Copyright
Copyright
Automic® and the Automic logo® are trademarks owned by Automic Software GmbH (Automic). All such
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No liability is accepted for any changes, mistakes, printing or production errors. Reproduction in whole or
in part without permission is prohibited.
© Copyright Automic Software GmbH. All rights reserved.
Automation Engine
iii
Contents
1 SAP Solutions and Job Scheduling with the Automation Engine
1
2 SAP NetWeaver
2
2.1 Automation Platform and SAP NetWeaver
2
2.2 People Integration
4
2.2.1 Integration in SAP Enterprise Portal (iViews)
4
Introduction
4
Starting Tasks
4
Monitoring Activities
5
2.3 Information Integration
7
2.3.1 Scheduling Data-Loading Processes
7
2.3.2 Scheduling Process Chains
7
2.3.3 Scheduling Queries in Batch Mode
9
2.3.4 Business Objects XI R2 (Crystal Reports)
10
Support of Business Objects (Crystal Reports)
10
Using the MBeans Crystal Reports
11
Procedure
12
Example
12
Parameters
13
Return Codes
13
2.4 Process Integration
14
2.4.1 Monitoring SAP XI Communication Channels
2.5 Application Platform
2.5.1 ABAP
14
15
15
Variant Management
15
AE JCL for SAP
15
BDC Management
AE JCL for SAP
Spool Management
AE JCL for SAP
15
16
16
17
Event Management
17
SAP Event
17
Automic Support
18
iv
Contents
AE JCL for SAP
Criteria Manager
AE JCL for SAP
18
18
19
Transferring SAP Jobs
19
Assuming SAP Calendar Definitions
21
2.5.2 Job Management
Executing Jobs in ABAP Stack (CCMS)
23
23
AE JCL for SAP
25
Child Processes (JOBD)
25
AE JCL for SAP
27
Intercepted Jobs
AE JCL for SAP
Evaluating the Application Return Code of SAP Steps
27
27
28
Via a Script Element
28
Via the Step List Report
28
Via the Report
28
2.5.3 JAVA
29
J2EE/JMX Agent for SAP NetWeaver
29
JMX in SAP NetWeaver
30
Monitoring the J2EE Engine
30
Starting and Stopping a Service
31
Executing Jobs in Java Stack (JXBP)
33
Report for Java Statistics
33
Installation
33
Special Cases
34
Return Codes
34
2.6 Lifecycle Management
2.6.1 Monitoring SAP NetWeavers
Monitoring Monitors
AE JCL for SAP
Monitoring SAP Events
34
34
34
35
35
Procedure
36
Notes
36
2.6.2 Analyzing System and Application Logs
37
Automation Engine
v
2.6.3 Integrating the Automation Engine with the SAP Solution Manager
38
2.6.4 Registering to System Landscape Directory
40
2.6.5 Switching Operation Modes
41
3 SAP Banking
3.1 Process Management and SAP for Banking
4 SAP Financial Closing Cockpit
42
42
45
4.1 Integrating the Automation Engine in SAP Closing Cockpit
45
4.2 Integrating the Automation Engine in SAP Closing Cockpit with FCC 2.0 Add-on
50
Add customer exits in /UC4/CC_REPORT program
56
Create a BAdI implementation
56
Example
56
4.3 Activating Objects with SAP Closing Cockpit
5 SAP Solution Manager
57
61
5.1 SAP Solution Manager Integration
61
5.2 SAP Solution Manager - Use Cases
64
5.3 Setting Up the UserInterface Integration
69
6 Custom Solutions
72
6.1 Archiving Data in SAP Systems
72
6.2 Monitoring SAP Programs Update Requests
75
Monitoring Workflow
6.3 Compare Values in SAP Spool Lists
75
76
Comparing Spool Request Values - Workflow
76
Transferring Spool List Content to Job Report
77
Extracting Values
77
Compare Jobs
80
Comments
82
6.4 Mass Processing
82
6.5 SAP R/3 Client Copies
83
6.6 SAP Dialog for Automation Engine
85
6.7 Automated System Copy for SAP
85
7 Technical Connection
86
7.1 Automation Engine and SAP
86
7.2 Multiple SAP Systems
86
7.3 SAP Security Objects
87
vi
Contents
7.4 Consideration of Job Attributes
91
7.5 Interfaces
92
7.5.1 Interfaces
92
7.5.2 Functional Differences
92
7.5.3 Transporting the Automation Engine Interface
95
File Names
95
Requirements:
95
Procedure:
96
7.5.4 Testing the Automation Engine Interface with ABAP Workbench
97
7.6 Agent for SAP BW
101
7.7 Archive Parameters with R3_ACTIVATE_REPORT
103
7.8 ERROR/ERRORLEVEL with R3_ACTIVATE_SESSIONS
104
ERROR=IGNORE
104
ERROR=ABEND
104
ERRORLEVEL
104
7.9 Troubleshooting
105
7.9.1 Checking Errors
105
7.9.2 Problems by Importing Function Modules
106
7.9.3 SAP Jobs End with ARCHIVE_INFO_NOT_FOUND
107
7.9.4 Stability Problems with SAP Instances Occurred When Many SAP Agents (RFC
Connection) Were Used On One Server
108
7.9.5 Problem with Password Assignment to SAP
109
8 Certificates
8.1 Overview
Glossary
111
112
114
.1 A
114
.2 B
116
.3 C
116
.4 D
117
.5 E
118
.6 F
119
.7 G
119
.8 H
119
.9 I
120
Automation Engine
vii
.10 J
120
.11 K
120
.12 L
120
.13 M
121
.14 N
121
.15 O
121
.16 P
122
.17 Q
123
.18 R
123
.19 S
124
.20 T
125
.21 U
126
.22 V
126
.23 W
127
.24 X
127
1 | Chapter 1 SAP Solutions and Job Scheduling with the Automation Engine
1 SAP Solutions and Job Scheduling
with the Automation Engine
If you are running SAP solutions and need an effective job scheduling solution, consider the Automation
Engine. Enabling the fast, seamless integration of SAP applications into enterprise scheduling, the
Automation Engine supports all SAP applications, including SAP R/3, mySAP Business Suite, and SAP
NetWeaver, as well as industry-specific solutions for telecommunications, banking and more. As a result,
IT processes in any SAP application can be centrally managed and monitored seamlessly alongside the
rest of your global operation.
Because it is specially designed as an Enterprise Scheduler, AE does not require middleware components
such as a JAVA Application Server and provides top scheduling functionality for your whole IT
infrastructure. The system is directly linked to the SAP NetWeaver component SAP Web Application
Server, accelerating the design and implementation of jobs for SAP applications. Reports, variables, and
other necessary parameters are made available via the Automation Engine's easy-to-use, intuitive
graphical user interface (GUI). Problems resulting from manual errors, typos, or outdated report lists are
effectively eliminated. Jobs are created using a simple drag & drop functionality, and visualized graphically
to ensure clarity and simplify management and control.
In addition to offering SAP users total job scheduling automation, the Automation Engine further increases
the productivity of SAP business solutions. By centrally tracking and automating background jobs and
processes of SAP solutions, the Automation Engine ensures that performance is improved by optimizing
background processing and reducing system interruptions and errors.
See also:
Automation Engine and SAP NetWeaver
Chapter2 SAP NetWeaver | 2
2 SAP NetWeaver
2.1 Automation Platform and SAP NetWeaver
This documentation follows the SAP NetWeaver architecture and explains AE functions based on it.
Functions for business and custom solutions are also explained.
People Integration
This section about SAP NetWeaver is meant to support end users. This is done via user-friendly interfaces
which move responsibilities for process starts with correct parameters to the particular operating
departments.
AE functions
Integration in SAP Enterprise Portal (iViews)
Information Integration
Warehouse Management is the core of this section. Data loading processes and process chains are under
AE control and are even integrated in other platforms using superordinate processes. Automatic analysis
and display of the individual processes of a chain to the lowest level are taken for granted.
AE functions
Scheduling Data Loading Processes
Scheduling Process Chains
Scheduling Queries in Batch Mode
3 | Chapter 2 SAP NetWeaver
Process Integration
This section is about integrating business processes in the SAP Exchange Infrastructure (SAP XI). Being
the Integration Broker, messages can release and re-release processes directly via the SAP XI Standard
Adapter.
AE functions
Monitoring SAP XI Communication Channels
Application Platform
The application platform is the basis of all SAP applications. AE uses ABAP and Java in order to provide
useful functions.
AE functions
ABAP:
Executing Jobs in ABAP Stack (CCMS)
Child Processes
Intercepted Jobs
Evaluating the Application Return Code of SAP Steps
Variant Management
BDC Management
Spool Management
Handling Events
Transferring SAP Jobs
Transferring SAP Calendar Definitions
JAVA:
J2EE/JMX Agent for SAP NetWeaver
JMX in SAP NetWeaver
Executing Jobs in Java Stack (JXBP)
Lifecycle Management
This section provides the means for controlling and monitoring all solutions on the basis of the SAP
NetWeaver technology. AE can access all monitored data while also supplying it own data.
AE functions
Monitoring Monitors
Monitoring SAP NetWeaver
Integrating AE in the SAP Solution Manager
Chapter2 SAP NetWeaver | 4
Registering to System Landscape Directory
Switching Operation Modes
Viewing System Log and View Application Log
Application Development
AE also supports the development of applications in various ways.
AE functions
ABAP:
CallAPI for SAP
JAVA:
AE.ApplicationInterface
2.2 People Integration
2.2.1 Integration in SAP Enterprise Portal (iViews)
Introduction
The AE iViews for job scheduling supply current information about job scheduling to the SAP Enterprise
Portal component of the SAP NetWeaver so that critical business processes can be started by end users.
Tasks can be started and monitored directly from the SAP Enterprise Portal. End users can start important
processes and set the corresponding parameters if necessary. No knowledge about job scheduling is
required. Each user can monitor the current status of the background processing via the SAP Enterprise
Portal. Started processes are then managed and monitored by the Automation Engine. The current status
is made available to the user via the iView technology.
See also:
Starting Tasks
Monitoring Activities
Starting Tasks
With the iView "ActivateObject", users can start executable objects in AE. For that purpose, the name of
the object and the description of the task need to be specified in the personalization settings. It is also
important to indicate the system alias which must comply with the term the administrator defined in the
system settings.
Different AE systems can be accessed via system aliases.
5 | Chapter 2 SAP NetWeaver
The object can now be activated with the Start button. The iView shows the run number (RunID) of the
current or last execution. Follow the link "Detail" and the Detail Window provides further information upon
start time and return code, similar to the UserInterface.
The iView generates an input mask if user input is required for the execution of an object (e.g. if the script
element :READ is used). Red stars "*" symbolize mandatory fields.
See also:
Monitoring Activities
Monitoring Activities
The iView "Activities" shows the activities of the AE system that were started by the particular user. As in
the UserInterface are task priorities, start times and states available.
Information about the activities can only be read. Changes such as canceling or editing tasks are not
possible via iView.
Chapter2 SAP NetWeaver | 6
It is possible to adjust the view to your personal requirements by hiding some of the columns, for example.
Do so in the personalization settings and note that it is important to indicate the system alias. It must
comply with the term the administrator specified in the system settings.
See also:
Starting Tasks
7 | Chapter 2 SAP NetWeaver
2.3 Information Integration
2.3.1 Scheduling Data-Loading Processes
An InfoPackage is an object which describes the selection conditions for requesting data from a source
system. This object can be scheduled and then controls the data-loading process from the source system.
InfoPackages can be externally controlled using a standard interface. AE uses this interface.
AE-JCL for SAP
Script Element
Description
BW_ACTIVATE_
INFOPACKAGE
Schedules one or more InfoPackages for immediate start.
BW_GET_
INFOPACKAGES
Reads InfoPackages from the BW system. Available InfoPackages are
stored in the activation report or a file.
BW_SET_
INFOPACKAGE_
SELECTION
Sets selection parameters which are used for reading the InfoPackages
from the BW system.
2.3.2 Scheduling Process Chains
Operations can be displayed in your BW system via process chains. A chain includes a start process,
individual application processes and collected processes. Including InfoPackages is also possible.
AE can be used to start and monitor process chains. The individual processes are then displayed in the
UserInterface's Activity Window. Process logs are stored in the report of the AE Job object.
Chapter2 SAP NetWeaver | 8
AE JCL for SAP
Script Element
Description
BW_ACTIVATE_
CHAIN
Starts a process chain, monitors its execution and stores the corresponding logs in
the activation report.
BW_GET_
CHAINS
Reads process chains from the BW system. Available process chains are stored in
the activation report or a file.
BW_RESTART_
CHAIN
Continues an aborted process chain.
9 | Chapter 2 SAP NetWeaver
2.3.3 Scheduling Queries in Batch Mode
The transaction RSCRM_BAPI can be used to create queries for your BW system. The result is stored
either in a table or a file. Use AE to make queries either regularly or upon request.
In the first step, log on to the BW system and call the transaction RSCRM_BAPI. Schedule the query to
be automated with AE once. Each query has its own batch ID. Open the batch monitor and copy this
number.
Now create a SAP job in your AE system. Use the Form tab or write the following function directly into the
Process tab:
R3_ACTIVATE_REPORT REP='RSCRMREPORT_BAPI'
Now change to the SAP tab and enter the copied BatchID in the field Job name.
Chapter2 SAP NetWeaver | 10
This Job object can now be integrated in your processing (e.g. in a Schedule object) and will process the
query at the point in time you define.
It is a SAP peculiarity that the batch monitor does not display all query executions but only the last one.
2.3.4 Business Objects XI R2 (Crystal Reports)
Support of Business Objects (Crystal Reports)
Business Objects can be used to create reports of any kind from your data. Parameters are used to define
the contents of these reports. With AE, you can create automated reports, send them by e-mail or store
them as files. This function is provided by an MBean which is called by the AE agent for J2EE/JMX.
A stand-alone installation (without application server) is required for the agent.
11 | Chapter 2 SAP NetWeaver
Functions of the MBean "CrystalReports":
l
l
l
Assigning parameters to the report
Storing the report output as a file (Crystal Report, Excel, Word, PDF, RTF, text file)
Sending the report output to e-mail receivers
Log on to Business Objects with the user specified in the job's Login object. The login type to be used
is "Enterprise".
See also:
Using the MBean CrystalReports
Using the MBeans Crystal Reports
The MBean "CrystalReports" is supplied with the JMX agent and must be installed.
MBean
Description
Name
UC4:name=CrystalReports
Attribute
"StatusCheckInterval" - Interval in which the report status is checked
Default value: 3 seconds
Chapter2 SAP NetWeaver | 12
Operations
"executeAndMail" - Executes a report and sends its output file by mail
Parameter: Report details, report attributes, email receiver
"executeAndSave" - Executes a report and sends its output file
Parameter: Report details, report attributes
Procedure
Two steps are required to execute a report:
1. Set the parameter for the operation to be called. Use the function JMX_COMPOSITE_ADD
because a list of values is expected. The parameter for report specifications contains values such
as the Web Service's address and the report name.
2. Now call the required operation using the function JMX_INVOKE.
The MBean "CrystalReports" is automatically registered by the JMX agent. It is not necessary to call
the function JMX_CREATE_MBEAN.
Example
The "Smith" company processes a report about orders made by customer number 55355. The result (Excel
sheet) is sent to Mr. Black by e-mail.
The function JMX_COMPOSITE_ADD creates the three parameters "report", "settings" and "mail".
Several values are assigned to each of these parameters and subsequently they are assigned to the
operation "executeAndMail".
! Report details
JMX_COMPOSITE_ADD
NAME="report",KEY="URL",VALUE="http://localhost:5555/dswsbobje2/services"
JMX_COMPOSITE_ADD NAME="report",KEY="REPORT",VALUE="Main_Folder/Customer_
List/3000 - SMITH - Sales_Orders"
JMX_COMPOSITE_ADD NAME="report",KEY="FORMAT",VALUE="EXCEL"
JMX_COMPOSITE_ADD NAME="report",KEY="MAIL_SUBJECT",VALUE="Customer Number
55355"
JMX_COMPOSITE_ADD NAME="report",KEY="MAIL_BODY",VALUE="Dear Mr. Black,
Please find enclosed the report for customer number 55355.
It contains all orders made in December.
Best regards
Jack White
JMX_COMPOSITE_ADD NAME="report",KEY="MAIL_FROM",VALUE="[email protected]"
! Report attributes
JMX_COMPOSITE_ADD NAME="settings",KEY="Customer_number",VALUE="55355"
JMX_COMPOSITE_ADD NAME="settings",KEY="Date_area",VALUE="20061201;20061231"
! Email receiver
JMX_COMPOSITE_ADD NAME="mail",KEY="[email protected]",VALUE="TO"
! Calling the MBean
JMX_INVOKE
OPERATIONNAME="executeAndMail",MBEAN="UC4:name=CrystalReports",PARAMS="repo
rt,settings,mail"
13 | Chapter 2 SAP NetWeaver
Parameters
As the above example shows, values are allocated to a keyword and then assigned to the relevant
parameter. In doing so, the JMX agent can distinguish report settings.
Parameter Description
Report
details
Available keywords:
"URL" - Address of the Web service
l
"REPORT" - Name and path of the report
l
"FORMAT" - File format for the report output ("CRYSTAL_REPORT", "EXCEL",
"WORD", "PDF", "RTF", "TEXT_PLAIN", "TEXT_PAGINATED", "TEXT_TAB_
SEPARATED", "TEXT_CHARACTER_SEPARATED", "EXCEL_DATA_ONLY",
"TEXT_TAB_SEPARATED_TEXT", "RTF_EDITABLE", "USER_DEFINED")
Specifically for the operation "executeAndMail":
l
"MAIL_SUBJECT" - E-mail subject
"MAIL_BODY" - E-mail message
l
"MAIL_FROM" - Sender's e-mail address
Specifically for the operation "executeAndSave":
l
l
l
"FILE" - Path and name of the output file
Report
attributes
Specify the attributes which should be considered in the report.
Email
receiver
Indicate the e-mail address as the keyword. The value is either "TO" for the receiver or
"CC" for the receiver who should be copied.
Keywords depend on the report.
Return Codes
After having successfully processed the Crystal Report, the JMX job returns code "0". In the case of an
error, it supplies either "1" if an error occurs when calling the operation or "3" if an MBean program error
occurs. The report shows detailed information about the cause of the error.
The job status is also output in the report:
l
l
l
l
l
"0" - Active
"9" - Pending (the job has not yet started)
"1" - Successfully ended
"3" - Canceled
"8" - Job execution has been stopped
Report execution is continuously monitored if the status is either "0" or "9".
See also:
Support of Business Objects (Crystal Reports)
Chapter2 SAP NetWeaver | 14
2.4 Process Integration
2.4.1 Monitoring SAP XI Communication Channels
SAP XI adapters are used to exchange data with the SAP Exchange Infrastructure. They transform
messages so that they can be forwarded via communication channels.
The SAP agent provides functions which can be used to handle adapters:
l
l
l
Starting communication channels
Stopping communication channels
Querying information about communication channels
The functions XI_GET_CHANNEL and XI_SET_CHANNEL can be used in SAP jobs. Information about
communication channels is stored as an XML document in the job report. The script elements for XML
format this data.
Communication channels can also be monitored via Event objects of type "Console". An event is triggered
whenever the status changes.
Activate the XI interface with the SAP Executor's INI-file parameters in the section [SAP_XI].
A Login object with valid login data is required for accessing the XI system. The XI user must be
authorized to control the XI communication channels. We recommend using different Login objects for
SAP and XI system if both are installed on the same host. Otherwise, the login entry is not unique.
AE JCL for XI
Script elements
Description
XI_GET_CHANNEL
Lists communication channels
XI_SET_CHANNEL
Starts and stops communication channels
15 | Chapter 2 SAP NetWeaver
2.5 Application Platform
2.5.1 ABAP
Variant Management
Variants facilitate processing in SAP as jobs can be processed with ready-set input values. Automic
Supports the use of variants by offering various functions for reading, copying or modifying variants.
Deleting and listing them are also possible.
It is important that variants are checked and set just before an ABAP program is processed in order to
exclude error sources.
AE JCL for SAP
Script Element
Description
R3_ACTIVATE_REPORT
Executes a report with a specified variant
R3_COPY_VARIANT
Copies a report variant
R3_CREATE_VARIANT
Creates a new variant
R3_DELETE_VARIANT
Deletes a report variant
R3_GET_VARIANT_CONTENTS
Shows the content of a variant
R3_GET_VARIANTS
Lists all available variants in the activation log
R3_MODIFY_VARIANT
Modifies a variant entry
BDC Management
Batch input is a proven technique for transferring mass data from external systems to the SAP system.
The batch input sessions used contain one or several transaction calls including transaction data. AE can
read, process and monitor these sessions until they end. AE can also directly call transactions whose data
has been defined in an AE job (call transaction).
Chapter2 SAP NetWeaver | 16
AE JCL for SAP
Script Element
Description
R3_ACTIVATE_
SESSIONS
Processes batch input sessions
R3_CALL_
TRANSACTION
Calls a SAP transaction
R3_GET_SESSIONS
Selects batch input sessions and lists the result in the activation report or
a file
R3_SET_BDCDATA
Defines BDC data
Spool Management
AE is able to handle and process job outputs. This is done via Job object specifications and script
elements.
The SAP tab in SAP jobs can be used to enter spool list recipients. All spool requests created by the job
are sent to the recipients specified in this tab.
17 | Chapter 2 SAP NetWeaver
AE JCL for SAP
Many script elements have parameters which can be used to handle job outputs. The following functions
serve to handle spool requests:
Script Element
Description
R3_CREATE_OUTPUT_REQUEST
Creates a new output request for an existing spool request
R3_GET_JOB_SPOOL
Reads the spool list of a step of type "ABAP program".
Filter specifications are possible.
R3_GET_SPOOL_REQUESTS
Selects spool requests with predefined filters
R3_SEND_SPOOL_REQUEST
Sends an existing spool request
Event Management
Modern business applications demand that process management is event aware. Traditional predefined
and time-based process control systems do not meet the requirements of modern complex application and
system environments and their ever-increasing interdependencies.
With AE.Event, AE offers a sophisticated solution for event-aware process management. Processing can
be performed depending on a variety of real-time system conditions and events. AE.Event offers this
functionality for a variety of OS and application platforms. Definition and modification of events takes
place centrally and is platform-independent, ensuring ease of use by the authorized user.
The SAP background control also provides event control. Events can trigger appropriate SAP background
processes. SAP events are enhanced with an AE implementation, enabling maximum business process
flexibility and extended management functionality.
SAP Event
A SAP event is a flag that is defined in transaction SM62. A defined event can be triggered (manually, with
an OS job or an ABAP program), causing the execution of a background process.
There are two types of SAP events:
l
System events
Defined by SAP and automatically triggered if system events occur such as the activation of a new
Chapter2 SAP NetWeaver | 18
l
operation mode. System events cannot be modified.
User events
Defined by users. These events must be triggered by ABAP or external programs. For example, an
external program can signal to the SAP background processing that external data is ready to be
imported to the SAP system.
Automic Support
Automic Supports SAP events and integrates them into its centralized process management. This solution
can be helpful if the SAP background control works with a large number of defined events and a conversion
to an AE implementation with workflows and AE.Event would be too complex and time-consuming.
For most applications it makes sense to replace SAP events with the AE solution.
AE can use SAP events for its process management. The execution of objects can depend on the
occurrence of a SAP event. For example, particular processes can depend on a successful data import.
AE can trigger SAP-defined events. The full AE functionality is available for defining trigger conditions and
points in time for a SAP event. Upon the occurrence of such an event the appropriate processes in the
SAP system are started.
It is also possible to use an Event object of type "Console". The agent monitors the triggered SAP events
and forwards the information to the Console events. Filters can be used to specify SAP events which
should trigger subsequent processing or an information message.
AE JCL for SAP
Script Element
Description
R3_GET_EVENT
Waits for a SAP-triggered event
R3_RAISE_EVENT
Triggers a SAP-defined event
See also:
Monitoring SAP Events
Criteria Manager
The SAP Criteria Manager can be used to define conditions for the Event History, Event History Reorg and
job interception in the form of profiles.
You can directly access the Criteria Manager in the SAP job.
Functions: l
l
l
Creating and deleting profiles
Activating and deactivating profiles
Adding, modifying and removing conditions
In the Form tab, click on the button
to open the Criteria Administrator.
XBP 3.0 is required to access the SAP Criteria Manager.
19 | Chapter 2 SAP NetWeaver
AE JCL for SAP
Script element
Description
R3_ACTIVATE_CM_
PROFILE
Activates a profile in the SAP Criteria Manager
R3_DEACTIVATE_
CM_PROFILE
Deactivates a profile in the SAP Criteria Manager
Transferring SAP Jobs
AE Job objects can be used to define new SAP jobs and also to transfer existing SAP jobs to AE. The
advantage is clear: The job must only be created once.
Jobs can only be transferred if there is a UserInterface connection to the SAP system.
Open a Job object and select the Form tab. The upper left edge shows several buttons. Click the symbol
. A window opens in which you can enter filters for SAP jobs such as name or job number etc.
Chapter2 SAP NetWeaver | 20
Now click on the button Find. All SAP jobs that correspond to the specified filter criteria are listed.
Highlight the job to be transferred to AE and Click OK tab.
The Job object adopts the statements the job contains. Parameters such as the variant or output device
are automatically added as shown below:
21 | Chapter 2 SAP NetWeaver
If jobs are transferred to AE, they are not removed from the SAP system. Job settings are read and
copied to the AE Job object.
This method of transferring jobs is very useful if only a few jobs are affected. If many jobs are to be
transferred, Automic recommends using the AE.ApplicationInterface.
If you plan to transfer masses of jobs, do so carefully and get a general idea first. In most cases, the
number of jobs has increased in the course of time; they can often be reworked, simplified or even
replaced.
See also:
Transferring SAP Calendar Definitions
Assuming SAP Calendar Definitions
SAP provides the transaction SCAL for defining factory calendars. The AE interface contains an ABAP
program which can be used to export these calendars as XML files. These files can then be transferred to
your AE system. Special calendar definitions are considered.
The ABAP program "/SBB/UC4_CALE_GET" can be opened as soon as the AE interface has been
imported (refer to the installation guide for SAP agents). Enter the factory calendar's ID and information
concerning your AE system as shown below:
Chapter2 SAP NetWeaver | 22
The two checkboxes on bottom of the above form serve to determine whether the calendar definition
should be generated as a spool list or XML file. ln the latter case, a dialog opens in which the folder the can
be selected to which the XML file should be stored.
Import the XML file to your AE system. The factory calendar is now provided in the form of a Calendar
object.
23 | Chapter 2 SAP NetWeaver
Script elements can also be used to assume calendars automatically.
See also:
Calendar
Importing and Exporting Objects
AE JCL for SAP
2.5.2 Job Management
Executing Jobs in ABAP Stack (CCMS)
AE and its functions can be used in various ways in order to support processing in SAP. Job objects are
the basis for defining statements which should be processed in the SAP system.
The Form tab is the graphical interface that is connected to the SAP system and facilitates the definition
of processing statements through the direct selection of data (e.g. variants).
Chapter2 SAP NetWeaver | 24
AE facilitates the execution of:
l
l
l
l
l
l
Jobs
Reports
External commands
External programs
Intercepted jobs
etc.
The Activity Window in the UserInterface shows task states. Tasks can be restarted or canceled if
requested. Child processes are also displayed. When a task has ended in AE, you can access its report
which also includes SAP system messages.
It is not only the Job object which facilitates processing in the SAP system. The object type
"RemoteTaskManager" can also be used to monitor and start jobs in SAP. It is especially useful for
intercepted jobs.
25 | Chapter 2 SAP NetWeaver
AE JCL for SAP
Script Element
Description
R3_ACTIVATE_EXT_COMMAND
Executes an external command
R3_ACTIVATE_EXT_PROGRAM
Executes an external program
R3_ACTIVATE_INTERCEPTED_
JOBS
Executes intercepted jobs under AE control
R3_ACTIVATE_JOBS
Executes SAP-scheduled jobs under AE control
R3_ACTIVATE_REPORT
Executes the specified report
R3_GET_JOBS
Selects SAP jobs and lists the result in the activation report or
a file
R3_MODIFY_JOB
Modifies an ABAP step
R3_SCHEDULE_JOB_CANCEL
Resets a released SAP job to the status "Planned"
See also:
Child Processes
Intercepted Jobs
RemoteTaskManager
Child Processes (JOBD)
SAP jobs can contain one or several subjobs (e.g. in process chains). AE can display these child
processes in its Activity Window. They have their own statistical records and reports.
The parent-child function can be activated in the transaction "SE38" using the program INITXBP2.
Chapter2 SAP NetWeaver | 26
The object type of child processes is JOBD.
Set the parameter REPLICATE=YES in the relevant script elements to have the child processes
replicated in your AE system.
Note that child processes can also have child processes. These can be seen in the Parent column of
the Activity Window and the statistical overview.
The illustration below shows the execution of a process chain:
The item "Status text" in the Detail Window of child processes shows the SAP system's instance number.
Deactivating child processes is possible in the corresponding parent processes.
SAP jobs have a special tab called Child Post Process. It is processed when an individual child process
ends. In doing so, the result can immediately be analyzed.
A statistical record and a report are created for each child process. Both can be called via the statistical
overview of the parent process.
The report is structured in the same way as the report of the top parent process but it contains only
information about the particular process step.
27 | Chapter 2 SAP NetWeaver
The job report settings are also valid for the top parent process (database, file, on error only). Additionally,
the report length can be specified using the parameters JOBLOG=, PROCESSLOG= and LONGTEXT= of
the script elements BW_ACTIVATE_CHAIN and BW_RESTART_CHAIN.
AE JCL for SAP
Script Element
Description
BW_ACTIVATE_CHAIN
Starts a process chain
BW_RESTART_CHAIN
Continues an aborted process chain
R3_ACTIVATE_INTERCEPTED_JOBS
Executes intercepted jobs under AE control
R3_ACTIVATE_JOBS
Executes SAP-scheduled jobs under AE control
R3_ACTIVATE_REPORT
Executes the specified report
See also:
Child Post-Process Tab
Intercepted Jobs
Filter criteria can be defined in the table TBCICPT1 of SAP jobs. These criteria include the specification of
a client, job name and user. If a user indicated in this table starts a job which meets the specified filter
criteria, the job status changes to "Scheduled" regardless of the defined start mode (e.g. "Immediately").
The Intercept function can be activated in the transaction "SE38" using the program INITXBP2.
Click the
symbol in the "Form" tab of SAP jobs to access the table and maintain its entries (XBP 2.0)or
use the Criteria Manager (XBP 3.0).
Table entries can also be changed dynamically using the script element R3_MODIFY_
INTERCEPTION.
There are two ways of executing intercepted jobs:
1. Use the RemoteTaskManager to control and monitor intercepted jobs
2. Use R3_ACTIVATE_INTERCEPTED_JOBS
3. Use R3_GET_INTERCEPTION to read the table. The result is stored to a file which can be
accessed with PREP_PROCESS_FILE.
You can specify the maximum number of jobs which can run parallel when you start intercepted jobs
individually with a group being indicated as start type.
AE JCL for SAP
Script Element
Description
R3_ACTIVATE_
INTERCEPTED_JOBS
Executes Intercepted jobs under AE control
R3_GET_INTERCEPTION
Reads the filter table for intercepted jobs and stores them in the
activation log or a file
R3_MODIFY_INTERCEPTION
Modifies the filter table for intercepted jobs
Chapter2 SAP NetWeaver | 28
See also:
Form tab
Evaluating the Application Return Code of SAP Steps
A SAP job step can also have an application return code.
You can access it as described below:
Via a Script Element
R3_GET_APPLICATION_RC can be used to check the application return code of one or several job steps
and cancel the AE job if required.
Via the Step List Report
This specific report type contains information about the steps plus the application return code. The return
code can be read using the XML script elements.
Example:
:SET &xmlreport# = XML_OPEN(REPORT,,SSTP)
! Reading the first element
:SET &job# = XML_GET_FIRST_CHILD(&xmlreport#)
:SET &name# = XML_GET_NODE_NAME(&job#)
:PRINT "First element: &name#"
! Reading the second element
:SET &child# = XML_GET_FIRST_CHILD(&step#)
! Reading the step's children
:WHILE &child# <> ""
:SET &name# = XML_GET_NODE_NAME(&child#)
! Reading the application return code
:IF &name# = "RC"
: SET &applrc# = XML_GET_NODE_TEXT(&child#)
: PRINT "Applicationreturncode: &applrc#"
:ENDIF
:SET &child# = XML_GET_NEXTSIBLING(&child#)
:ENDWHILE
:XML_CLOSE
Via the Report
Information about SAP job steps is logged in the job report. This report also informs about the application
return code if you use the AE interface.
"Appl-RC n/a" is written to the job report if a step has no application return code.
Use the script function PREP_PROCESS_REPORT to read and further process application return
codes.
In the following example, the ABAP ZZ_TEST_APPL_RC is called in a job once. Its application return
code should be read.
29 | Chapter 2 SAP NetWeaver
! Select the line containing ABAP and the application return code.
:SET &HND# = PREP_PROCESS_REPORT(,,REP,"*ZZ_TEST_APPL_RC*Appl-RC*")
:PROCESS &HND#
:
SET &ZEILE# = GET_PROCESS_LINE(&HND#)
!
Find the exact position in a line where the "Appl RC" starts.
:
SET &POS_STR# = STR_FIND(&ZEILE#,"Appl-RC")
!
The application return code is located after 8 characters.
:
SET &POS_ARC# = ADD(&POS_STR#,8)
!
Read the application return code.
:
SET &ARC# = STR_CUT(&ZEILE#,&POS_ARC#)
!
Check if the step really supplies an application return code.
:
IF &ARC# <> "n/a"
!
The read value is a string and must therefore be converted to a
number.
:
SET &ARC# = CINT(&ARC#)
!
Beyond this point there are any script statements which further
process the application return code.
:
PRINT &ARC#
:
ENDIF
:ENDPROCESS
The application return code is not available with the XBP interface.
2.5.3 JAVA
J2EE/JMX Agent for SAP NetWeaver
Java Management Extensions (JMX) is a technology that provides a series of instruments for handling and
monitoring applications, devices and networks.
The Automation Engine provides a JMX agent that can be used to integrate Java applications into
enterprise-wide processes. Connections are established via an MBean Server and several functions
provide access to these MBeans.
SAP NetWeaver's standard supply contains more than 1600 MBeans that can directly be handled. Java
does not require predefined proprietary "jobs". No Scheduler is required within Java because AE takes
over this function. Due to this standard, this function is also executable on Java sources of other vendors.
A Requirements Checklist in the documentation provides information about all supported application
servers.
AE Script elements can be used to register, list and remove MBeans. MBean functions can be called, and
attributes and information can be read and set.
The Job object's Form tabprovides a graphical interface in which all functions are available.
See also:
Form (JMX) tab
About the JMX JCL
Chapter2 SAP NetWeaver | 30
JMX in SAP NetWeaver
The AE JMX agent facilitates using MBeans in SAP NetWeaver.
Monitoring the J2EE Engine
The status of the J2EE Engine can be queried via JMX. The output information is also displayed in the
Visual Administrator under Server -> Services -> Monitoring.
All the Visual Administrator's functions are provided via MBeans and can also be used in AE.
Limitation: AE cannot use JMX operations or attributes that use SAP-specific classes (for example,
com.sapmarkets.bam.application.User) or complex data structures such as lists, maps, or arrays.
The AE MBean Browser in the JXM job displays a maximum of 300 MBeans. A search filter facilitates the
search for particular MBeans (right-click the tree structure -> apply filter...).
For example: The number of unsuccessful login attempt should be queried. The first illustration shows this
value below the node Security -> Aggregated Data. Therefore, you can filter for "*Security/Aggregated
Data/UnsuccessfulLogonAttemptsCount*" in the MBean Browser. Exactly one MBean is returned in the
AE environment.
Here you can select one of the following attributes: "Value", "MaxValue" or "MinValue". An AE job can be
scheduled that queries the number of error messages periodically.
31 | Chapter 2 SAP NetWeaver
Starting and Stopping a Service
The Visual Administrator also configures, starts and stops services. As it also uses JMX MBeans, this
function is available via the agent.
Services are listed in the Visual Administrator under Server -> Services:
For example: The Telnet service should be started or stopped.
You can filter "*SAP_J2EEServicePerNode*" in order to have all services displayed in the MBean
Browser. The returned MBeans correspond to the corresponding services.
All services have a "start" and "stop" method. Select the entry "telnet" from the tree structure. Then select
the method "stop". Click OK to generate an AE job that stops the Telnet service:
Chapter2 SAP NetWeaver | 32
The modification is immediately visible in the Visual Administrator:
33 | Chapter 2 SAP NetWeaver
Executing Jobs in Java Stack (JXBP)
AE provides the following opportunities for the handling of jobs in the SAP Java Scheduler:
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Start jobs using parameters
Cancel jobs
Include the logs in the job reports
Monitor jobs via filter using the RemoteTaskManager
First, the Java job definition must be deployed in the Java Schedule to make it visible to the SAP agent.
Subsequently, you can use a Job object to create an instance from an existing job definition.
A SAP Job object always belongs to exactly one Java job definition.
Create a SAP Job object for Java Scheduler jobs and select a SAP agent plus a Login object. Use the
Form tab to select the job definitions to be applied. The lower part of the tab automatically displays the
corresponding parameters.
The Job log tab contains the following options:
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Delete after x days - The job log is deleted from the Java Scheduler after x days.
Do not remove - The job log is not removed from the Java Scheduler.
Use default settings - The period after which the job log is deleted from the Java Scheduler depends
on the settings made in the job definition.
The job log is always deleted together with the job instance.
Report for Java Statistics
A processed SAP Job object can also contain a report (SJJI) which includes information about the Java
job. Activate this function by checking the relevant checkbox in the area Optional reports in the Job
object's SAP tab.
Installation
Creating the external Schedulers in SAP:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Use the WebInterface to log on to the SAP NetWeaver Administrator.
Select the Job tab.
Click the link "Java Scheduler" -> "External Scheduler".
Insert a new entry in the list of registered external Java Schedulers ("Add").
Complete the fields. Specify "Automation Engine" for the name and the description.
Click on Add.
Creating a Connection object in AE:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Log on to system client 0000.
Create a new Connection object for SAP.
Open the Connection object and select the connection type "Internet" in the Attributes tab.
Switch to the Internet tab and specify the connection data for the SAP Java Scheduler. Indicate the
user that was used to add AE as an external Scheduler.
5. Store and close the Connection object.
6. Switch to the folder HOST and open the SAP Agent's object.
7. Select the Connection object in the Agent tab in the field Java Basis.
Chapter2 SAP NetWeaver | 34
8. Store and close the Agent object.
9. Restart the SAP agent if it is currently running.
Special Cases
In an environment of several nodes, the Java Scheduler jobs are processed on the node on which the
Scheduler Service is active. If this node is deactivated or fails, job processing continues on a different
node. The agent periodically attempts to re-establish the connection to the Java Scheduler if it has been lost
during job execution. The job remains active in the AE system and obtains the status "Waiting for remote
system".
The job aborts if calling the Java Scheduler results in an error. In this case, there is no report about the
Java job's statistics. The error is logged in the Job object's report "Agent Log" and in the SAP agent's log
file. The job aborts with return code 403.
Restarts are not possible. The complete job starts in the Java Scheduler because there is no AE JCL.
Return Codes
SAP status
Job return code in AE
COMPLETED
HOLD
RUNNING
SCHEDULED
STARTING
UNKNOWN
0
ERROR
501
CANCELED
502
2.6 Lifecycle Management
2.6.1 Monitoring SAP NetWeavers
Monitoring Monitors
SAP offers various monitors that can be used to monitor the SAP environment including corresponding
components. The function R3_GET_MONITOR reads the provided information and makes it available for
further processing.
The following example reads the monitor "All Monitoring Contexts" and stores its content to a text file:
R3_GET_MONITOR MONITOR_SET="SAP CCMS Technical Expert Monitors",
MONITOR="All Monitoring Contexts", FILE="C:\UC4_and_
SAP\AllMonitoringContexts.txt"
35 | Chapter 2 SAP NetWeaver
Use the script function PREP_PROCESS if only parts of the monitored information should be filtered.
Based on these filter specifications, the script function supplies a data sequence which can then be
processed. The SAP agent lists the monitor's information in columns. The following example filters lines
with the content "Enqueue". Four columns are used for further processing:
:SET &HND# = PREP_PROCESS("SAP01","R3MONITOR","*Enqueue*","MONSET=SAP CCMS
Technical Expert Monitors","MONNAM=All Monitoring Contexts","COL=FILE","UC_
LOGIN=LOGIN.SAP")
:PROCESS &HND#
:
SET &Context# = GET_PROCESS_LINE(&HND#, CONTEXT)
:
SET &Name# = GET_PROCESS_LINE(&HND#, NAME)
:
SET &Value# = GET_PROCESS_LINE(&HND#, VALUE)
:
SET &Status# = GET_PROCESS_LINE(&HND#, STATUS)
:
PRINT "&Context# --- &Name#"
:
PRINT "Value: &Value#"
:
PRINT "Status: &Status#"
:
PRINT ""
:ENDPROCESS
The above example calls the function R3_GET_MONITOR in the background. Refer to the document that
describes the script function PREP_PROCESS for more detailed information.
The RemoteTaskManager object also provides monitoring functions in the SAP system. Depending on
the specified filter criteria, it displays jobs triggered by SAP.
AE JCL for SAP
Script Element
Description
R3_GET_MONITOR
Reads the data of a SAP monitor
Monitoring SAP Events
Events are significant in SAP's background processing. Event objects of type "Console" can be used to
monitor SAP events.
The agent periodically polls the SAP system for occurred SAP events and reports them to the active
Console events in an interval the administrator has defined in the variable UC_HOSTCHAR_
DEFAULT, key JOB_CHECKINTERVAL.
Filters are available which serve to define the SAP events to be monitored. The statements defined in the
!Process tab initiate further processing steps as they are processed when an agent reports a SAP event.
Use the function GET_EVENT_INFO in the !Process tab. It supplies details about the SAP event that
has occurred.
Chapter2 SAP NetWeaver | 36
Several filter lines can be specified in the table in the tab's lower area. !Process is processed if a SAP
event is triggered which meets at least one filter specification. !Process is NOT processed several times if
several filter specifications are met.
Overlapping filters can occur if several Console events are used. The agent would then notify all Console
events about the relevant SAP event.
AE does not only provide Console events but also functions which can be used to handle SAP events
via Job objects. R3_GET_EVENT waits for a SAP-triggered event and R3_RAISE_EVENT can be
used to trigger a SAP-defined event.
Procedure
1. Create an Event object of type "Console".
2. Open it and switch to the Console tab. Specify the agent that is connected to the SAP system and
the filter criteria for the SAP events.
3. In the !Process tab, enter the script statement to be processed if a SAP event occurs which meets
the specified filter criteria. The script function GET_EVENT_INFO supplies details about the SAP
event.
4. If required, fill in the other tabs of the Console event and store the object.
5. Now activate the Console event in order to include SAP events in your processing.
Notes
XBP 3.0 is required in order to monitor SAP events of event type "Console". The administrator can
specify the XBP 3.0 interface in the SAP agent's INI file.
37 | Chapter 2 SAP NetWeaver
If the agent loses its connection to the SAP system, SAP events can accumulate as the agent is not able
to forward them to the Console events. As soon as the connection has been re-established, the agent
checks if there are SAP events and reports them to the affected Console events.
Due to the fact that huge data amounts can be involved, the agent does not read all SAP events at
once. The administrator can define the required handling in the agent's INI-file parameter
maxEventTimeSpan= .
The agent cannot monitor SAP events if it is terminated. After a restart, it retrieves the point in time when it
last monitored SAP events and also reports SAP events that occurred during its termination.
All agents connected to the SAP system poll SAP events. This means that each agent reports all SAP
events which occurred to the Console events.
If the SAP system's time runs behind AE's system time, the first SAP events cannot be received if
they occur in the gap between the two different times.
See also:
Event Management
Sample Collection - Reaction to External Events
2.6.2 Analyzing System and Application Logs
AE can be used to read SAP application logs as well as the system log.
Both log types supply information about processing in general and possible error situations. AE provides
functions which serve to read the corresponding entries using filters, and store them in a report or file. The
result can be analyzed using PREP_PROCESS and PREP_PROCESS_FILE.
A particularity that applies to the system log is that aborted jobs can store their last system log lines in the
special SLOG report. This makes error analyses much easier. The number of lines to be kept as well as
other settings are defined in the SAP agent's Connection object.
AE JCL for SAP
Script Element
Description
R3_GET_
APPLICATIONLOG
Retrieves messages from the application log and prints them in report or
file form
R3_GET_SYSTEMLOG
Reads the system log of a SAP system during a defined period of time
Chapter2 SAP NetWeaver | 38
2.6.3 Integrating the Automation Engine with the SAP
Solution Manager
The SAP Solution Manager is supplied with all SAP systems starting from the Web Application Server
(WAS) 6.10. It is meant to become the central monitoring software for SAP systems, but also for external
applications. This should provide for the centralization of all services within a SAP environment.
With the SAP agent, AE integrates the entire enterprise-wide process management in the SAP Solution
Manager.
Monitoring
The essential functionality of the SAP Solution Manager is centralized monitoring. The monitoring part
again distinguishes two main areas:
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Operations
Business Process Monitoring
While the first one primarily deals with technical processes and system status, the area of business
Process Monitoring helps to design and monitor logical business processes in and around SAP systems.
Operations Monitoring
In the area of operations monitoring the SAP Solution Manager uses the existing monitoring infrastructure
within the CCMS (Computing Center Management Systems). The states of systems and processes are
displayed in a tree structure.
So far these monitors have been limited to SAP systems. Now SAP provides interfaces for external
applications for reporting status data to the Solution Manager and for displaying them in the monitoring
tree.
The SAP agent uses such an interface in order to access the monitor structure in the CCMS. It uses a
Connection object for ABAP Basis. Several script elements can be used to create and modify attributes or
delete nodes:
Script Element
Description
R3_DELETE_NODE
Deletes a node
R3_SET_LOG_ATTR
Sets a log attribute
R3_SET_PERF_ATTR
Sets a performance attribute
R3_SET_STATUS_
ATTR
Sets a status attribute
R3_SET_TEXT_ATTR
Sets a text attribute
The Form tab of SAP jobs can be used to access nodes. A separate browser displays the monitor "All
Monitoring Contexts" of the monitor set "SAP CCMS Technical Expert Monitors". The node colors
represent the current alarm status.
39 | Chapter 2 SAP NetWeaver
Business Process Monitoring
Business processes are based on individual IT processes and systems. Interdependencies can be defined
and graphically represented with the SAP Solution Manager. All data which is available in operations
monitoring can be used to model business processes.
AE centrally controls processes on all of an enterprise's systems and applications. The integration of AE in
the SAP Solution Manager provides the opportunity to represent and monitor enterprise-wide business
processes in a SAP system.
Chapter2 SAP NetWeaver | 40
If an error occurs in a business process, the reason can be found immediately. The time for troubleshooting
is minimized, the business process can be restarted as quickly as possible.
Process Management
The Solution Manager will also be able to manage background processes. Currently, this function is
available using the transactions SM36 and SM37.
AE comprehensively supports this function. AE centrally manages and monitors the entire SAP
background processing. AE also combines these SAP processes with processes of all the enterprise's
other systems and applications.
2.6.4 Registering to System Landscape Directory
SAP's System Landscape Directory (SLD) supplies an overview of installed software components. You
can configure the SAP agent in a way that it registers at the SLD whenever it starts.
The following steps are required:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Log on to system client 0000.
Create a new Connection object for SAP.
Open the Connection object, click theAttributes tab and select the connection type "Internet".
Switch to the Internet tab and specify the SLD connection data.
Store and close the Connection object.
Switch to the folder HOST and open the SAP agent's object.
41 | Chapter 2 SAP NetWeaver
7. Select the Connection object in the agent tab, field System Landscape Directory.
8. Store and close the Agent object.
The SAP agent now tries to register at the SLD whenever it starts. It can successfully start even if a
registration is not possible (e.g. due to incorrect connection parameters).
The SAP agent's log file contains a message which indicates whether the registration to the SLD was
successful.
2.6.5 Switching Operation Modes
SAP's operation modes support the optimal use of available system resources. Various specifications can
be defined for dialog and background processing, according to the time of day. No R/3 system restart is
required for this method of resource allocation.
AE also supports this SAP function. Use the script element R3_SWITCH_OPMODE to switch operation
modes for individual or all SAP application servers.
AE JCL for SAP
Script Element
Description
R3_SWITCH_OPMODE
Switches the operation mode in SAP
Chapter3 SAP Banking | 42
3 SAP Banking
3.1 Process Management and SAP for Banking
In cooperation with major European banks, SAP has developed an account management solution with
SAP for Banking. AE developers have been working on integrating this new SAP solution into the wellproven Process Management.
The result is the AE agent for SAP AM/BCA which provides comprehensive process management power
for banking transactions. AE integrates the new SAP solution into its centralized process management
and secures business processes at enterprise-wide level and across all platforms.
Processes in SAP for Banking
A particular feature of SAP Transaction Banking is that entire processes can be stored in the Customizing.
The process definition corresponds to a kind of JobPlan (tabular maintenance). These processes are
mainly called end-of-day processes.
When controlling these processes you must consider the following factors:
Process network
A process network is created and monitored via a menu function from within a process definition in
Customizing. It has a unique ID which must be specified for each run. A process network contains a set of
processes. A process is an application function which technically is always processed in two steps:
1. The actual application function
2. The application s monitoring part. The monitoring part is only executed if the process has been
initiated via a process network.
The entire application (including the monitoring part) can be processed synchronously or asynchronously.
Synchronous processing
The application function including monitoring is processed synchronously from within a function module
i.e. the function module ends synchronously with the application function.
Asynchronous processing
The application function and the monitoring are both started as background jobs with the monitoring job
always following the application job.
Processes with parallelization
Paralleled processing (similar to IS-U/IS-T) is provided for particular processes (with mass data).
Unfortunately there is no basic functionality for this kind of request.
A process with parallelization creates parallel background jobs i.e. a parallel background job and a
subsequent monitoring job. If the process starts asynchronously, an additional parent job is created
(followed by a monitoring job) which is active for the entire runtime of the process.
Application Return Code and Application Log
Processes have an application return code. A normal technical status (e.g. Job ended) cannot sufficiently
ensure successful processing. The individual components of a process (function module, ABAP,
43 | Chapter 3 SAP Banking
monitoring ABAP, etc.) are also written to an application log.
Starting Process Networks and Processes
Process networks are integrated in dialog functions and initiated by them. Depending on the individual
application, processes are initiated synchronously or asynchronously (jobs running a long time are always
asynchronous).
Requirements for AE
An AE workflow corresponds to the processing definition in SAP's Customizing. Workflow tasks represent
processes.
SAP's basic job control does not provide the appropriate means to control processes in AM/BCA.
Standard background jobs are not suitable for controlling individual processes as the application function's
monitoring part would not start. Thus, no application return code would be created.
Adjusting all application programs in a way that the monitoring function could run implicitly would have
been counterproductive. It would have resulted in many programs and the application return code would
have been communicated via the job log.
The alternative was to create a process network with an individual ID for each task in the SAP system
from within an AE workflow. This process network always contains only one process. If this process
starts via the process network, two asynchronous batch jobs are created in the SAP system the
application function and the monitoring function.
New script elements are available in AE for controlling such processes (BCA_ACTIVATE_PROCESS).
In order to enable AE monitoring (status checks), SAP has extended its interface by a corresponding
function.
AE Functional Description
Starting and monitoring processes
This function uses a single process in a process network, while also starting and monitoring it. When the
process ends, the process network also ends because it only contains this single process.
Analyzing application return codes
Single processes supply application return codes. AE can analyze them (e.g. in post script) and react to
them.
Analyzing application logs
Processes of a process network write to application logs. Unfortunately, there is no 1:1 relation between a
process or process network and an application log.
Thus, the AE analysis of application logs provides different information.
This AE function can be used to select application logs according to particular criteria (the results are log
numbers). Application log messages and texts can then be read using these log numbers. Text outputs are
written to a text file or report.
Integration into job networks
AE integrates processes in SAP AM/BCA into enterprise-wide JobPlans. Interdependencies with
processing in other SAP or non-SAP systems can easily be implemented and monitored.
Comprehensive statistics
Chapter3 SAP Banking | 44
Comprehensive statistics are provided for all AE-controlled processes. They can be used for later
analyses and future planning. This also applies to processes in SAP for Banking.
AE JCL for SAP
Script Element
Description
BCA_ACTIVATE_
PROCESS
Starts and monitors a process which runs in a separate process
network.
45 | Chapter 4 SAP Financial Closing Cockpit
4 SAP Financial Closing Cockpit
4.1 Integrating the Automation Engine in SAP
Closing Cockpit
The SAP Financial Closing Cockpit can be used to schedule several tasks that should be executed in a
particular order and at a particular point in time. Through the integration of AE, you can activate objects of
an AE system via Closing Cockpit tasks.
In order to use the SAP Closing Cockpit with FCC 2.0 Add-on, refer to the alternative installation
description.
Requirements:
AE Internal Webservice
The AE Internal Webservice can be used with the following application servers:
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l
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l
Sun Glassfish
JBoss
IBM WAS CE
SAP Netweaver CE
Use the installation guide to set up the required application server. Make sure to use the current version
of the AE Internal Webservice.
SAP version
SAP Basis requires a particular or a later support package version depending on the SAP release
version which is used.
Release
Package name
700
SABKB70017
701
SABKB70101
710
SABKB71007
Another requirement is SAP ERP version 6.00.
Supplied Files Refer to the file SAP_CloCo.zip.ucc in the directory IMAGE:FRAMEWORK\SAPCLOSINGCOCKPIT
which contains the supplied files in encoded form.
Installation
1.
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Decoding the supplied file
Use the program UCYBCRYP.EXE for decrypting the file SAP_CloCo.zip.ucc. It is stored in the
folder IMAGE:\TOOLS\ENCRYPT of the AE CD. Now call the program via the command line using
the following parameters:
Chapter4 SAP Financial Closing Cockpit | 46
UCYBCRYP.EXE -d -f SAP_CloCo.zip.ucc -lLicense file
The license file was supplied by our support team (customer number.TXT).
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The result is the packed file SAP_CloCo.ZIP.
Unpack the file SAP_CloCo.ZIP.
2.
Loading SAP transports
Specific ABAP programs are required for the integration process. Load them to the SAP system by means
of an import. The archive SAP_CloCo.ZIP includes two corresponding files.
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KNNNNNN.SID - Information file
KNNNNNN.SID - Data file
Copy these files to the transport directory of SAP (e.g.: /usr/sap/trans/). Copy the K file to the subfolder
"cofiles" and the R file to "data".
Log on to the SAP system and import the relevant request using the transaction STMS. Open and check
the request's transport protocol after the import process: all steps have to show the return code 0
(successfully ended) or 4 (ended with warning).
3.
Configuring the HTTP RFC connection
Call the transaction SM59 and select "HTTP connections to the external server". Now create a new
connection.
Enter a name for the RFC destination (e.g.: AE_WEBSERVICE) and a description.
Tab: Technical settings:
In the field Target host, enter the host name of the application server where the AE Internal Webservice
runs. Enter the port number in the field Service number.
Tab: Logon and Security:
Select the option Basic authentication. Specify the data for accessing the AE system: in the field User,
enter the AE client, user name and the department (separated by a slash). Now enter the password and
store the RFC connection.
47 | Chapter 4 SAP Financial Closing Cockpit
4.
Defining the logical port
Start the transaction SOAMANAGER
1. Select the link "Web Service Configuration" ("Service Administration" tab)
2. Search for the object type "Consumer Proxy" which includes *UC4* as the name.
Chapter4 SAP Financial Closing Cockpit | 48
3. Create a new logical port with the name UC4.
4. In the "Consumer Security" tab fields "User" and "Password", enter the login data for the
Automation Engine system:
Use the following syntax for the user name: <client>/<user>/<department>. For example:
0001/USER/DEV
As the password, use the password of the defined Automation Engine user.
5. In the "Messaging" tab, set the "Message ID protocol" field to the value "Suppress ID Transfer".
49 | Chapter 4 SAP Financial Closing Cockpit
6. "Transport Settings" tab: In the field "URL Access Path", enter the value ""/uc4ws/uc4ws?wsdl".
Also set the computer name and the port of the Webservice's Application Server.
Use SOAP 1.1 as the "Transport Binding Type"
Store and activate the logical port.
5.
Registering the ABAP report for the Closing Cockpit
Call the transaction SM30 and open the table SCMAPROGRAMS for modifications ("Maintain"). Add a
new entry with the following values:
Column
Value
Program
/UC4/CC_
REPORT
Application
CUSTOMER
Store this new entry.
Chapter4 SAP Financial Closing Cockpit | 50
6.
Testing the connection
Start the program UC4/CC_REPORT via the transaction SE38 to test the connection from ABAP to the
AE system.
See also:
AE Internal Webservices
Integrating the Automation Engine in SAP Closing Cockpit with FCC 2.0 Add-on
4.2 Integrating the Automation Engine in SAP
Closing Cockpit with FCC 2.0 Add-on
The SAP Financial Closing Cockpit can be used to schedule several tasks that should be executed in a
particular order and at a particular point in time. Through the integration of AE, you can activate objects of
an AE system via Closing Cockpit tasks.
You may use an alternative integration method from SAP. You may find the respective SAP website
pages at: Creating External Jobs
As of version 11, SAP Closing Cockpit may also be used with the FCC 2.0 Add-on. Below you find the
installation steps for SAP Closing Cockpit with this Add-on.
Requirements:
AE Internal Webservice
The AE Internal Webservice can be used with the following application servers:
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Sun Glassfish
JBoss
IBM WAS CE
SAP Netweaver CE
Use the installation guide to set up the required application server. Make sure to use the current version
of the AE Internal Webservice.
SAP version
SAP Basis requires a particular or a later support package version depending on the SAP release
version which is used.
Release
Package name
700
SABKB70017
701
SABKB70101
710
SABKB71007
Another requirement is SAP ERP version 6.00.
51 | Chapter 4 SAP Financial Closing Cockpit
Supplied Files Refer to the file SAP_CloCo.zip.ucc in the directory IMAGE:FRAMEWORK\SAPCLOSINGCOCKPIT
which contains the supplied files in encoded form.
Installation
1.
l
Decoding the supplied file
Use the program UCYBCRYP.EXE for decrypting the file SAP_CloCo.zip.ucc. It is stored in the
folder IMAGE:\TOOLS\ENCRYPT of the AE CD. Now call the program via the command line using
the following parameters:
UCYBCRYP.EXE -d -f SAP_CloCo.zip.ucc -lLicense file
The license file was supplied by our support team (customer number.TXT).
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The result is the packed file SAP_CloCo.ZIP.
Unpack the file SAP_CloCo.ZIP.
2.
Loading SAP transports
Specific ABAP programs are required for the integration process. Load them to the SAP system by means
of an import. The archive SAP_CloCo.ZIP includes two corresponding files.
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KNNNNNN.SID - Information file
KNNNNNN.SID - Data file
Copy these files to the transport directory of SAP (e.g.: /usr/sap/trans/). Copy the K file to the
subfolder "cofiles" and the R file to "data".
Log on to the SAP system and import the relevant request using the transaction STMS. Select the
import option "Ignore Invalid Component Version".
The transport request is based on SAP Closing Cockpit 7.00. Therefore the component would not
match, as the FCC 2.0 Add-on might run on 7.40.
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Open and check the request's transport protocol after the import process: all steps have to show
the return code 0 (successfully ended) or 4 (ended with warning).
3.
Configuring the HTTP RFC connection
Call the transaction SM59 and select "HTTP connections to the external server". Now create a new
connection.
Enter a name for the RFC destination (e.g.: AE_WEBSERVICE) and a description.
Tab: Technical settings:
In the field Target host, enter the host name of the application server where the AE Internal Webservice
runs. Enter the port number in the field Service number.
Tab: Logon and Security:
Select the option Basic authentication. Specify the data for accessing the AE system: in the field User,
enter the AE client, user name and the department (separated by a slash). Now enter the password and
store the RFC connection.
Chapter4 SAP Financial Closing Cockpit | 52
4.
Defining the logical port
Start the transaction SOAMANAGER
1. Select the link "Web Service Configuration" ("Service Administration" tab)
2. Search for the object type "Consumer Proxy" which is named /UC4/CO_UC4PORT_TYPE and
select it.
53 | Chapter 4 SAP Financial Closing Cockpit
3. After selecting the object, the following window will open. Click on "Create - Manual Configuration":
4. In the following dialog, enter "UC4" as "Logical Port Name" and activate the "Logical port is
Default" checkbox:
Click "Next" to continue.
5. Select "User ID / Password" in the authentication settings.
Enter a user name using the format <AE Client>/<USER>/<DEPARTMENT>
Enter the password for this AE user and click "Next" to continue.
6. Enter "/uc4ws/uc4ws" in the "URL Access Path" field.
Enter the host name where the web service is deployed and its port in the fields "Computer Name of
Chapter4 SAP Financial Closing Cockpit | 54
Access URL" and "Port Number of Access URL" as shown below:
Click "Next" to continue.
7. Select "Suppress ID Transfer" in the Message ID (Synchronous) section:
Click "Next" to continue.
55 | Chapter 4 SAP Financial Closing Cockpit
8. Activate "Suppress sending of IBC Identifier" and click "Finish":
5.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Registering the ABAP report for the FCC 2.0 Add-on
Execute the program RDDKOR54
Enter SCMAPROGRAMS as table name and select "Execute" (F8).
Click on the "Create Reservation" (F5) button.
Enter "/UC4/*" as namespace and save the changes. The result will look as follows:
5. Call transaction sm30 and enter the table name SCMAPROGRAMS.
6. Add a new entry with the program /UC4/CC_REPORT and application CUSTOMER
7. Save this entry.
6.
Testing the connection
Chapter4 SAP Financial Closing Cockpit | 56
Start the program UC4/CC_REPORT via the transaction SE38 to test the connection from ABAP to the
AE system.
Add customer exits in /UC4/CC_REPORT program
Business Add Ins (BAdI) are special extensions for SAP. Detailed information is available on the SAP
website.
Below you find a description how to use a BAdI with the /UC4/CC_REPORT program.
A BAdI will be added to the /UC4/CC_REPORT program. The default implementation does nothing and
the program continues.
You may create another implementation which performs some checks based on the Automic object name
and user (SY-UNAME)
Create a BAdI implementation
The enhancement spot is called /UC4/AUTH_CHECK:
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Select "Create BAdI Implementation" from the context menu.
The implementation class must implement the /UC4/IF_CC_START_ALLOWED interface.
This interface has one method called "CHECK" and a parameter UC4OBJECT.
Example
This BAdI can be used to implement a permission check based on a table with user names and job names.
57 | Chapter 4 SAP Financial Closing Cockpit
If the user is 'ANG' and the object name is JOBP.TEST1, the program will show a message box with user
and object name and exit.
See also:
SAP - Custom Solutions
4.3 Activating Objects with SAP Closing
Cockpit
The integration of AE in the Closing Cockpit is the key to the activation of executable objects via tasks in
the SAP Financial Closing Cockpit. The corresponding installation guide is provided in the chapter
Installing the SAP Financial Closing Cockpit Integration. This document describes the general mode of
operation and use.
After a successful AE Internal Webservice installation and Closing Cockpit integration, you can assign
executable objects to the Closing Cockpit templates. The required steps and the execution behavior are
described below.
Configuration
Log on to the SAP system and call the transaction CLOCOC. Open a template (Edit) and select the
command "Add task" via the context menu from any location in the organization structure. Specify all
required values in the displayed dialog. Select "Program" for the option Type of task and enter /UC4/CC_
REPORT in the corresponding field. Now select or create an appropriate variant.
Chapter4 SAP Financial Closing Cockpit | 58
This variant stores the name of the object to be executed. All other fields are optional and will be passed on
to the activated object as additional values via the read buffer.
Call the input assistance (F4) for the field Name of a object to display all executable objects of the client
that was specified in the particular RFC connection. Name, type, title and path of the objects are
displayed.
59 | Chapter 4 SAP Financial Closing Cockpit
The additional fields in the variant dialog can be used to pass additional values on to the activated object.
The names of the script variables that are provided for the object in the input buffer are listed below:
Parameter/Field
Name of the AE Script variable
Controlling area
KOKRS
Period
PERIO
Fiscal year
GJAHR
The additional parameters can be used to write self-defined values to the read buffer. The column variable
defines the name of the read buffer variable.
The values of this script variable can be read using the script element :READ in the script.
Example:
:READ&KOKRS#,,'KOKRS',
Store the variant and the task. Now create a task list from the template.
Execution
Use the transaction CLOCO to execute task lists of the Closing Cockpit. Open a task list that includes
object activating tasks. Include these tasks and check their states.
Chapter4 SAP Financial Closing Cockpit | 60
If a task has been executed and its status is shown in SAP as "Completed", then it ended with the status
ENDED_OK in the AE system. Every other AE status causes the output "Error" in the Closing Cockpit.
To display the AE job report, open the spool of the relevant task in the Closing Cockpit. This spool includes
all AE report types (ACT, REP, LOG,...) and the RunID of the executed AE task.
In the configuration of the Closing Cockpit (CLOCOC), you can also define dependencies for tasks that
start programs or transactions. Do so by opening a template or task list and calling the view
"Dependencies". Tasks can be inserted in this Dependency area via drag and drop. This function is also
supported in tasks that call objects. A dependency can be used to determine that a task can only start
when a particular task has ended.
See also:
AE Integration in SAP Closing Cockpit
61 | Chapter 5 SAP Solution Manager
5 SAP Solution Manager
5.1 SAP Solution Manager Integration
You can use the SAP agent to access an AE system with the SAP Solution Manager and read various
information or manage processes in the AE system. This document explains the configuration process and
the details of this integration.
Some functions are not directly available in the Solution Manager but by setting up a specific
integration, you can call the UserInterface directly from the Solution Manager and quickly access these
functions. For further details about the affected functions and how to configure the integration, see
Setting up the UserInterface Integration.
Configuration
To use the SAP Solution Manager for AE, you must define the settings for the SMSE (Solution Manager
Scheduling Enabler) inferface in the agent's Connection object. Then restart your SAP agent.
Note that you need a separate SAP agent for the SAP Solution Manager Integration.
In the Connection object of the SAP agent that should be used for the integration, start off by configuring a
connection to the SAP system (CONN object: General -> Connection Parameter). Then complete all fields
in the CONN object's Interfaces -> SMSE section:
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Click Activate to enable the fields that should be edited.
In AE User, specify the client, name, department and the password of an existing AE User object.
You can also define the AE client in the SAP Solution Manager. Note that in this case the user who
is specified in the Connection object must also exist in this client.
In RFC Server, you define the SAP Gateway and the RFC connection. The RFC destination will
automatically be created when the SAP agent starts. The program ID and the name of the RFC
connection are freely selectable.
Chapter5 SAP Solution Manager | 62
Restart the agent and call the transaction EXTSDL in your SAP system. The RFC connection that you
have defined in the Connection object should be listed and marked as the default connection. By clicking
Connection Test, you can test whether you can successfully establish a connection to the Automation
Engine.
Functionality
When you have successfully completed the configuration process, you can run the following AE functions
with the SAP Solution Manager:
Function
Description
Reading clients
This provides a list of all an AE system's clients and their
descriptions.
Canceling tasks
The available commands are cancel, stop, stop (recursive), go,
go (recursive).
Retrieving the states of tasks
This queries the status of a certain activity.
Reading folders
This supplies a list that includes the ID, the folder name, the
folder title and the name of the superordinate folder.
If the name of the folder or the parent folder exceed a length of
80 characters, they will be truncated. The title has a maximum
length of 255 characters. Special folders such as the Recycle
Bin, Transport Case, <No Folder> etc. are not part of the list.
Retrieving a list of SAP systems
This retrieves the name and the description of a certain client's
SAP agents. The additional description contains the basic SAP
version and the agent's Automation Engine version.
Querying a list of queues
This queries the object name, the title and the max. slots of the
queues.
63 | Chapter 5 SAP Solution Manager
Retrieving the executable object
types
This retrieves a list that includes the types and a description of
the executable objects (such as CALL - notification).
Retrieving the executable objects
This retrieves a list that includes the names and the object types
of the executable objects.
You can specify a certain folder whose objects should be listed.
You can also filter for the name or the object type.
Retrieving the status filter
This retrieves a list of status groups that are used to filter
activities (such as ANY_OK or ANY_ABEND).
Querying a list of activities
This queries the content of the Activity Window of the particular
client.
You can define a status filter and a sorting order (ascending or
descending) in order to limit the results.
The time and date fields (such as the start time) are converted to
UTC and displayed. The system assumes that the actual time
zone in AE complies with the local time zone.
Retrieving a task's list of reports
This provides a list that includes all a task's reports and outputs.
This lists contains the report type (such as REP or ACT) and the
output type ("L" = job log, "S" = spool list, "A" = application log,
"O" = other).
Reading a report content
This retrieves the report content of a task.
Retrieving the user of a task
This retrieves the name and the department of the user who has
started the task.
It is read from the statistical details. If the name exceeds a
length of 40 characters, it will be truncated.
Reading the prompt parameters of an
object definition
The following parameters can be read:
Reading the parameters of a task
This reads the name and the value of an activity's object and
PromptSet variables (detail - object variables).
Creating or delete BAE events in AE
This creates or deletes BAE events as AE Sync objects.
-) The name of the PromptSet object
-) The reference variable
-) The type of the PromptSet element ("N" = number, "D"
= timestamp, "S" = all other types)
-) The value of the PromptSet element
-) The property "Value required" ("X" = the option is set, " " = the
option is not set or not known)
-) An input assistant is available Eingabehilfe verf gbar ("X"
= yes, " " = no or not known).
The AE Sync objects that represent BAE events have the value
"SMSE" as their archive key 1. This includes that you can
search and filter for these specific objects. The Sync objects
have only two states: CLEARED (initial state) and RAISED.
Reading BAE events from AE
This retrieves the Sync objects that represent BAE events
(object type = SYNC, archive key 1 = SMSE).
You can filter for the object name.
Chapter5 SAP Solution Manager | 64
Retrieving the status of BAE events
This is the current status of a Sync object that represents a BAE
event. The Sync Monitor is read for this purpose. The object title
is returned as a description.
Possible values: R (RAISED) or C (CLEARED)
Querying BAE event instances
This is a list of the tasks that wait for a Sync object that
represent a BAE event. It is also read from the Sync Monitor.
Reading notifications
This reads the monitor of active or ended Notification objects.
The following details will be returned:
-) Subject
-) Possible answers
-) Message text
-) Activator (RunID)
-) Start time
-) Status (depending on the notification type. Alarm or request:
"Q" = active, "R" = ended. message: "N" = active, "R" = ended)
-) Object type of the triggering object.
Reading the message text of
notifications
This retrieves the message text of an active notification.
Confirming a notification
You can accept or reject an active notification.
Input parameter: The RunID of the notification.
Input parameter: The RunID of the notification.
Scheduling, changing and starting
tasks
The following actions are possible:
-) to activate the task once or recurrently
-) to restart a task
-) to restart a task from its last restart point
-) to reschedule the task. If you change the activation of a task
from recurrently to once, it will be rescheduled (new RunID).
These functions (except for "Reading clients") refer to the AE client that has been specified for the
SMSE interface in the Connection object.
5.2 SAP Solution Manager - Use Cases
This document describes typical use cases for the SAP Solution Manager Integration.
SAP Solution Manager integration allows you to access functions of the Automation Engine. You can even
schedule AE tasks from the job scheduling workcenter in the SAP Solution Manager.
You can either schedule them directly or out of a SAP job documentation. In doing so, you can integrate
the Automation Engine in the SAP Change Management or the Service Desk.
For information about configuring and testing the integration, see the chapter SAP Solution Manager
Integration.
For the following use cases, start the job scheduling workcenter (SOLMAN_WORKCENTER transaction)
of the SAP Solution Manager.
65 | Chapter 5 SAP Solution Manager
Use Case 1: Searching an AE Job Out of the Solution Manager
1. In the SAP Solution Manager Workcenter, Job Monitoring section, select the entry External Job
Scheduler.
2. You can now define filters according to criteria that should be used for searching AE jobs. The
Isolation group stands for the AE client.
3. Click Apply to have the jobs that were found listed in a table.
Use case 2: Scheduling Tasks from a Job Documentation
The following steps are required in order to schedule objects in the Automation Engine out of a SAP job
documentation:
1. Open a SAP job documentation and select a system in the Systems tab.
2. Click the Scheduling tab to see the interface in which you can schedule your tasks.
3. Set the required parameters such as the AE client (Separation Group field), the RFC connection,
Queue object, priority and the name of the object that should start (Job Definition field).
Chapter5 SAP Solution Manager | 66
An input assistant is available for selecting the object that should start (Job Definition). All
executable objects of the specified AE client will be listed. You can filter for the folder (ID of an
application), the object type (Definition Type) or the object name (Job Definition).
67 | Chapter 5 SAP Solution Manager
4. Click Schedule/Change Externally in order to schedule the task in the Automation Engine. The
AE RunID of the activated task will then appear in the upper window area.
5. By clicking External Notes, you can add comments to an execution.
Chapter5 SAP Solution Manager | 68
6. External Logs will show the task's AE reports. Note that no external reports are available.
Use case 3: Directly Scheduling Tasks
When you open the Job Scheduling Workcenter, you can use the menu item Schedule Jobs in order to
schedule objects directly in the Automation Engine.
1. In the Scheduler section, select the entry SMSE for the Automation Engine.
2. Now select the RFC connection with the corresponding AE client. Note that the AE client is shown
in the Separation Group section. This means that when you directly schedule tasks for AE, the
Separation Group must always be a number (such as 1010). You can ignore the RFC entry for
Separation Group GLOBAL.
3. Set the required parameter for the object that should start (RFC connection, Separation Group,
queue, priority and object name). Specify the name of the object that should start in the Job
Definition field (you can also use the input assistant for this purpose).
As in use case 2, you can now schedule this task in the Automation Engine by clicking
Schedule/Change Externally.
For the start conditions, the Automation Enginegenerates temporary Calendar objects.
69 | Chapter 5 SAP Solution Manager
Setting the option Schedule Stopped has the effect that the scheduled task will remain in the
Automation Engine with the status "Waiting for manual release" until it is manually released.
You can also change existing schedules subsequently by adjusting them to your requirements
and clicking Reschedule in order to update your Automation Engine
5.3 Setting Up the UserInterface Integration
Some AE functions are not directly available in the SAP Solution Manager but by using a specific
configuration, you can open the UserInterface directly from the Solution Manager at the required position.
By doing so, you can quickly access these functions.
The following functions are not directly available in the SAP Solution Manager:
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Creating and editing Job objects
Listing the existing Job objects
Creating and editing workflows
To set up the UserInterface integration, follow the steps below. For a general description of the
configuration process, see SAP Solution Manager Integration.
Chapter5 SAP Solution Manager | 70
Supplied Files
The UserInterface is supplied as a Web application that must be integrated in a Tomcat Application
Server. A Tomcat Application Server of version 7 is required for the installation process.
The Web application is supplied in the following directory: IMAGE:\AGENTS\SAP\_SOLMAN\
File name
Description
UC4WEBSTART.WAR
The UserInterface for the Application Server.
Procedure
1.
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Setting up the UI Web application
Host
Copy the file UC4WEBSTART.WAR to the "webapps" folder that is stored in the program directory
of the Tomcat Application Server.
Restart the Application Server.
The new sub-folder UC4WEBSTART will be created in the webapps directory.
Do not delete the WAR file because if you do so, Tomcat will also remove the folder UC4WEBSTART.
2.
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Adjusting the configuration file
Host
This step determines the AE system to which the UserInterface should connect.
Note that you can configure only one connection for the UserInterface.
Open the configuration file:
<Tomcat directory>/webapps/uc4webstart/WEB-INF/web.xml
Adjust the following parameters to your system environment:
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Server name: The name or the IP address of the computer on which the AE system runs.
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System name: The name of the AE system.
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Port number: The port number of the CP to which you want to establish a connection.
An example of the relevant part of the file web.xml that must be adjusted:
<init-param>
<param-name>Server name</param-name>
<param-value>SAPHOST01</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>SystemName</param-name>
<param-value>UC4</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>Portnr</param-name>
<param-value>2217</param-value>
</init-param>
3.
Configuring the Agent
71 | Chapter 5 SAP Solution Manager
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Agent computer
Open the INI file of the SAP agent for which you have configured the SAP Solution Manager
Integration.
Enter the URL of the UI Web application as the value for the parameter WebStartURL= ([SMSE]
section).
Save the INI file and restart the agent.
For example:
[SMSE]
webStartURL=http://saphost01:8080/uc4webstart
4.
Calling the UserInterface
The URL that you have specified in the agent's INI file opens when you call one of the described functions
in the Solution Manager.
The Web browser displays a page that includes the link "Start AE UserInterface". Click it to open the
UserInterface's login dialog. Log on to run the selected function in the UserInterface.
For example: When you create a new job in the SAP Solution Manager, the UserInterface and the dialog
open that request you to enter a name for the new Job object.
Chapter6 Custom Solutions | 72
6 Custom Solutions
6.1 Archiving Data in SAP Systems
Data archiving in SAP systems removes mass data from the database that is no longer required in the
system but should remain available for future analyses. The Automation Engine provides for centrally
controlled data archiving.
Data to be archived is pooled in "archiving objects" (e.g. the archiving object SD_VBAK contains all data
concerning sales records). Archiving runs are integrated using the Archive Development Kit (ADK). ADK
provides the technical basis for the archiving transaction (SARA).
Usually, a separate program flags data to be archived based on configurable residence periods. Flags are
often used in two steps: After the end of residence period 1 (e.g. 6 months), a deletion annotation is set and
after the end of residence period 2, the deletion annotation becomes a deletion flag. Now the object can be
archived.
The archiving process is basically divided into four steps:
1. Pre-run (deletion annotation):
Flags data that should be archived. A pre-run can also be performed regardless of the time frame
specified for the archiving run.
2. Creating archive files:
During the archiving process, the data to be archived is sequentially written into newly created
archive files.
3. Starting the deletion program:
Based on the generated archive files, the deletion program removes the archived data from the
database.
4. Storing the archived files:
The newly created archive files can finally be stored in a filing system or manually stored on tape.
The storing process can be initiated automatically or manually.
Transaction SARA provides for a manual or a semi-automatic (deletion, storage) archiving process. AE
fully automates archiving runs in all SAP releases.
For archiving data outside transaction SARA please adhere to the following notes:
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458670 Data archiving with an external job scheduler
133707 Data archiving outside transaction SARA
Controlling with AE
From the technical point of view and regardless of the object to be archived, archiving runs in SAP
systems always consist of four steps:
1. Writing program (WRI)
The write program deals with pre-runs and the creation of archive files. It is capable of running in the
background, parameters can be set using a variant.
2. Deletion program (DEL)
The writing program automatically creates a deletion (DEL) job for each archiving file, if this has
been specified in the relevant archiving object's customizing. The DEL job contains the deletion
program.
73 | Chapter 6 Custom Solutions
3. Storing the archived files (STO)
The deletion program creates a storing (STO) job. The STO job contains the storing program.
4. Possible post processing (END)
Post processing jobs are also automatically created. They are not available for all archiving objects.
Requirements in the SAP System
1. Automatic deletion program
Specify in the archiving object's customizing that the deletion program starts automatically.
2. DEL, STO and END jobs must not start automatically in SAP.
For controlling these jobs with AE, their automatic start in the SAP system must be prevented. The
function "Job Interception" serves this purpose as of release 4.6C. Activate it with the ABAP
program INITXBP2. The interception table must contain the job names of the DEL, STO and END
jobs of all archiving runs.
Objects
The entire process is handled with a workflow which contains 3 steps:
1. Starting and monitoring the writing program
The AE function "Submit ABAP program" creates a WRI job in SAP and monitors it until it ends.
2. Starting and monitoring deletion jobs
The AE function "Select and start intercepted jobs" starts and monitors DEL jobs created by the
WRI job.
3. Starting and monitoring storing jobs
The AE function "Select and start intercepted jobs" also starts and monitors storing jobs created by
the DEL jobs.
Chapter6 Custom Solutions | 74
Procedure
1. Workflow activation
Use the :READ mask to query the name of the archiving object.
2. Workflow Monitor
Select or specify the archiving object and the workflow automatically starts and is displayed in the
monitor. It only ends when all processing steps ended successfully.
3. Monitoring and control
The entire procedure can be traced within Automation Engine and SAP. AE provides all logs for
automatic analyses. In SAP, the procedure can also be traced in the administration function of the
relevant archiving object (transaction SARA).
Conclusion
SAP data archiving is easily implemented using AE's standard functions and offers various advantages:
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Complete automation
The entire SAP system management can be automated using the Automation Engine for controlling
the data archiving processes. Manual interference is not necessary. Mutual dependencies to other
processes are easily implemented.
Cost reduction
Archiving data on a regular basis provides for optimized database dimensions, improves
performance and saves memory. With AE, these advantages are centrally controlled and
automatically processed without the accumulation of additional costs.
Optimum resource balance
Resources can optimally be used due to the central and automated control, thereby avoiding
conflicts and shortfalls. Smooth SAP operation is guaranteed.
High reliability
Automation considering all system parameters significantly reduces the number of possible error
sources.
Work relief for staff
SAP experts are relieved from cumbersome manual tasks and can apply their expertise in areas of
significant benefit: in improving systems and service levels.
Central control and overview
All processes in the SAP system are centrally monitored and controlled. Potential problems are
immediately noticed which reduces troubleshooting times to an absolute minimum.
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6.2 Monitoring SAP Programs Update Requests
SAP programs may request asynchronous updates that are executed in different processes and
transactions. Details you may find on SAPs website. With the following workflow solution you may
monitor these requests.
Monitoring Workflow
Create a workflow containing two SAP Job objects. The first Job shall schedule update requests and the
second one shall wait until all update requests have been executed.
The status of the workflow will be ENDED_OK, if all update requests have finished without errors.
Below you see a possible version of such a workflow.
The second SAP job contains only one command:
R3_ACTIVATE_REPORT REPORT="Z_WAIT_FOR_UPDATE"
The example program Z_WAIT_FOR_UPDATE uses the function module UPD_CHECK_LOCAL_
QUEUE to periodically get the status of update requests. It completes, if no update requests are
active.
Workflow status example: The first Job is executed, while the second Job waits until all update requests
have been processed:
For this information in FCC 2.0 you may use external Jobs. Details on external Jobs may be found on
SAPs website.
Chapter6 Custom Solutions | 76
See also:
Integrating the Automation Engine in SAP Closing Cockpit with FCC 2.0 Add-on
Compare Values in SAP Spool Lists
6.3 Compare Values in SAP Spool Lists
SAP Spool lists show print jobs that have not yet been transferred to a device. The data needed for printing
or output on a device is temporarily saved to an intermediate format until they will be called. The values for
such spool requests in the respective lists may be compared by using Automation Engine SAP jobs.
Comparing Spool Request Values - Workflow
Create a workflow with two SAP Job objects. Each Job produces a spool list. A third Job object will be
used to compare the numbers of the spool list values.
When both Jobs have been finished, the values will be extracted from the spool lists and be passed to the
third Job in the workflow.
The status of the workflow is set according to the comparison:
Numbers are equal ==> ENDED_OK
Numbers are unequal ==> ENDED_NOT_OK
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Transferring Spool List Content to Job Report
Below you find an example of one of the two SAP Jobs in the workflow, each of them consisting of two
steps:
In the first step the program is executed and in the second step the content of the spool list is added to the
report.
The report of this job look like this:
It contains the Job log from SAP followed by the spool list.
Extracting Values
Job 1:
To extract the value from the spool list the following UC4 Script is used in the post process tab of the Job.
This script is executed after the Job has finished. It processes the report and extracts the values:
Chapter6 Custom Solutions | 78
The PREP_PROCESS_REPORT function filters all rows which contain a "|" character.
This returns these values only:
| USD 123.456.789,01
| BEF 12.345.678.901
| KUD 123.456.789,01
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The last row then is stored in the variable &RET#
STR_LNG is used to get the length of the row. The function SUBSTR is then used to remove the
trailing "|" character. With STR_TRIM the trailing spaces are removed.
The result is stored in the variable &RET# and is now:
| KUD 123.456.789,01
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1.234.567,89 |
123.456.789 |
365.413.243,87 |
365.413.243,87
The STR_FIND_REVERSE function is used to get the position of the last space character in this
row.
Finally the function SUBSTR is used to get "365.413.243,87" and store it in the variable &RET#
With PSET the object variable &JOB1_SUMME# of the Workflow is updated.
The workflow also contains a second variable &JOB2_SUMME# which is set by the second SAP Job.
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Job 2:
The report of the second Job looks like this:
UC4 Script is also used in this case to get the value:
Chapter6 Custom Solutions | 80
This script filters for all rows containing the word "SQ".The result is one row:
|SQ| 26|28.02.1995|365.413.243,86 | |DC-10-10| 380 | 2 |1.684,00 | 0 | 0 |
0 | 0 |
The character "|" is defined as separator of columns. Therefore the value 5 (variable &column#) can be
used directly get 365.413.243,86 from the report.
STR_TRIM is used to remove spaces. The result is published as &JOB2_SUMME#
Compare Jobs
Both Jobs must have finished before the compare job may be started:
It has access to the variables &JOB1_SUMME# and &JOB2_SUMME#.
This Job has the setting "Generate at runtime" activated on the "Attributes" tab.
In this example it starts an SAP program with parameters that depend on the result of the comparison.
81 | Chapter 6 Custom Solutions
The simple program Z_INFO uses MESSAGE of the I or type E depending on the SUCCESS parameter:
REPORT Z_INFO.
parameter text1 type string.
parameter text2 type string.
parameter text3 type string.
parameter success type c.
if success is initial.
MESSAGE I002(SY) WITH text1.
MESSAGE I002(SY) WITH text2.
MESSAGE E002(SY) WITH text3.
else.
MESSAGE I002(SY) WITH text1.
endif.
The workflow can be set to ENDED_NOT_OK when the compare jobs fails:
Chapter6 Custom Solutions | 82
Comments
The special parameter value (REPORT,REP) for the FILE parameter in the R3_GET_JOB_SPOOL
command is not documented, but exists since v9.
Normally the R3_GET_JOB_SPOOL command can only write files. However the SAP Agent cannot
read them. An OS Agent would be required to extract the values with PREP_PROCESS_FILE and
delete the old files when they are not needed anymore. This would also be a possible solution, but more
complex than the one described here.
See also:
SAP - Custom Solutions
6.4 Mass Processing
IS-U is SAP's business solution for the utility industry.
IS-U's accounting system for utility and service industries has been specially designed for the specific
requirements of these sectors. By integrating IS-U utility industry with the neutral R/3 standard
components and interfaces to external systems, SAP offers an integrated enterprise-wide solution for the
utility industry's operational data processing.
The transaction volume of utilities with several million customers, various types of utilities and perhaps
billing on a monthly basis is mainly handled in background operation.
Examples:
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Creating reading records
Requests for advance payment
Accounting/billing
Dunning runs
Payment runs
etc.
Definition
AE is able to automate these background requirements. We developed a special type of background
"mass processing" in order to optimally deal with huge data amounts.
Characteristics of mass processing:
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A master job splits into a dynamic number of partial jobs.
Each mass processing run requires a parameter set which is identified by date and RunID.
One specific requirement is that a particular order must be kept (e.g. accounting must be finished before
billing starts; both are mass processing runs).
Technique
Mass processing includes a dispatcher which generates parallel split jobs through the definition of
parameters.
When scheduling mass processing, the dispatcher forms the master job of background processing. When
it is processed, it generates a dynamic number of split jobs (the number depends on the defined parameter
settings).
Controlling is handled by AE. Scheduling can be handled by AE or SAP.
6.5 SAP R/3 Client Copies
Like the Automation Engine, SAP R/3 is a client-capable application. The individual clients are completely
separate units. In some cases, periodical data exchange between clients is necessary. AE can be used to
automate these processes.
The "client" is the top-level hierarchy in R/3 applications. Settings on client level apply to all structures in
the R/3 enterprise organization. The client is a self-contained unit in technical, economical and
organizational terms.
This client concept can be used for:
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Managing many data center customers in one R/3 system.
Setting up several clients with different tasks on one R/3 System. For example:
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Standard client (client 000)
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Customizing client (001)
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Test client
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Quality assurance client
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Production client
In such an environment it is often required to supply a QA or test client with consistent data. The most
suitable way to obtain this data is copying the production client. Regularly copy this client in order to
establish a realistic test environment.
Chapter6 Custom Solutions | 84
Client Copies in SAP R/3
Copying clients in SAP R/3 involves some effort, especially the creation of periodical copies for supplying
test systems with current data.
SAP R/3 supports the online copying and transportation of clients. These transactions are not suitable for
periodical execution (SAP Release 4.0 to 4.6D).
The R/3 background job control cannot perform such periodical transactions because dynamic variants are
used.
Problem Definition
Huge amounts of data are transferred when a client is copied. A client without application data allocates
about 500 MB database memory. The copying process can therefore take several hours with one or more
dialog processes being busy during this process.
Users should not use the source and target client during the copying process. Active users in other clients
consume additional resources and extend the time required for copying.
A test run should be performed before starting the copying process. In doing so, you can determine which
tables need to be modified and the available database memory is also checked.
The target client is often deleted before a client is copied, thus deleting all master user data. Therefore,
only the user SAP* can log on to the target client.
R/3 Client Copies with AE
Using AE for the periodical creation of client copies makes this process easier and more secure. Test run
and copying process can be automated and the normal operation is not interrupted.
The copying process starts depending on test results and resource availability. AE informs the operator
immediately if an error occurs.
The SAP system must meet the following requirements before AE can create client copies:
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Master user data must not be deleted before the copying process
AE uses a normal user account for logging on to SAP. It cannot use the SAP* user. In SAP, it is not
possible to delete the target client before copying it. Alternately, you can use custom ABAPs in
order to delete large tables (see SAP Service Marketplace, note no. 365304).
The report RSCLXCOP must be modified in order to enable the maintaining of report
variants.
A job for copying clients obtains its information from a variant. This variant is overwritten with data
from the source client or deleted during the copy process. During a client export the number of the
copy is entered in the variant, thus causing problems with periodical scheduling. Identical variants
(using identical names) for the report RSCLXCOP must therefore be created in source and target
client. Detailed information is provided in note no. 303007 of the SAP Service Marketplace.
If all the above requirements are met, you can create an AE job for copying clients. Dependencies can be
represented within a workflow. Test run and the actual copy process can run in automated form. AE
ensures sufficient system resources. Periodical client copies can so be created in an easy and secure
way.
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6.6 SAP Dialog for Automation Engine
The SAP Dialog for AE is a graphical interface for SAP R/3 users and serves to trigger processing in the
AE system. SAP-defined tasks are transferred to the AE system via the CallAPI for SAP.
The transaction "/sbb/uc4dc" shows the end user's interface. It contains an overview of tasks. Users see
only tasks for which they have authorizations. Tasks can be grouped in classes and named accordingly.
Click the list to select them. Depending on the specified settings, you can query variables and attributes or
maintain variants. Each task activation is logged in the statistics.
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Activation by entering freely definable attributes
Attributes are freely definable and can be transferred to AE using :PUT_READ_BUFFER .
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Direct connection to standard variant maintenance
A direct connection to SAP's variant maintenance is provided if standard ABAPs are used. Only
predefined variants can be maintained.
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Mapping Workflows
Workflows can be mapped using variables. In doing so, you can decide which components of a
predefined procedure should be processed. Communication to the AE workflow is exclusively
made by setting variables.
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Statistics and status tracing
Users have statistics in which all activations can be traced. Tasks can explicitly be canceled or
current states be adjusted.
The SAP Dialog for AE cannot completely replace the UserInterface. It supports users who exclusively
work with the SAP GUI and whose background tasks (jobs, JobPlans) should be controlled by AE from
within SAP.
The SAP Dialog for AE is a consultant solution and not part of the product. Thus, it is not maintained.
6.7 Automated System Copy for SAP
This AE solution allows you to create a SAP system copy by fully automated means. You can adjust all
the individual steps according to your requirements.
AE Automated SystemCopy for SAP is a consulting solution and is not subject to maintenance.
Documentation is available in the form of an external document.
Chapter7 Technical Connection | 86
7 Technical Connection
7.1 Automation Engine and SAP
An agent serves to establish a connection between Automation Engine and SAP. Its INI file contains the
connection data to a particular AE system. Connection data to an SAP system is stored in Connection
objects. The agent requires at least one Connection object which contains the CPIC user including his or
her login data.
AE jobs require the indication of an agent and a Login object with the login information determining the SAP
client in which the job will be processed.
The Form tab is very useful for creating AE jobs. It provides a graphical interface in which you can easily
enter scripting lines. You can also retrieve particular data from the SAP system (such as the available
variants) with the SAP agent establishing the required connection to the SAP system. User name,
password and client are taken from the Connection object for "ABAP Basis".
See also:
Form tab
7.2 Multiple SAP Systems
The following description explains the appropriate configuration of several SAP agents which run on
different SAP systems.
Other SAP Agents
1.
Edit ServiceManager Definition File AE.SMD. Enter the additional agents in the ServiceManager Definition file according to the following example.
Ensure that the name of the *.INI file is separated by a blank and specified after the start path of the agent.
! Comment lines begin with an exclamation mark
!
! Now, sub-services are defined
!DEFINE Automation Engine;*OWN\UCServer.exe;*OWN
DEFINE UC4 C11-Agent;*OWN\C11\UCXJR3X.exe -i*OWN\UCXJC11.INI;*OWN
DEFINE UC4 XYZ-Agent;c:\uc4global\bin\XYZ\UCXJRX3.exe ic:\uc4global\bin\XYZ\UCXJXYZ.INI;*OWN\XYZ
Alternately, these entries in the file AE.SMD can also be duplicated and adjusted with the ServiceManager
Dialog.
2.
Creating *.INI files
Create a UCXJ*.INI file with the name you have specified in AE.SMD for every additional agent. Automic
recommends copying the file of an already existing agent (such as UCXJR3X.INI to UCXJC11.INI).
87 | Chapter 7 Technical Connection
Check or edit the created UCXJ*.INI files.
3.
Editing SAPRFC.INI (only when using the SAPRFC.INI)
Add the additional chapters in the SAPRFC.INI (so far SIDEINFO) as specified in the UCXJ*.INI files in
accordance with the following example:
DEST=UC_C11
LU=R33
TP=sapdp00
GWHOST=R33
GWSERV=sapgw00
PROTOCOL=I
DEST=UC_XYZ
LU=R33
TP=sapdp01
GWHOST=R33
GWSERV=sapgw01
PROTOCOL=I
4.
Opening and closing the ServiceManager.
Close the ServiceManager and restart it. After that, the additional agents should be available. Create the
user for the RFCLOGIN in the relevant SAP system.
7.3 SAP Security Objects
SAP authorizations required for AE jobs depend on the particular installation and on the range of functions
used in AE. What is shown below are authorization objects which are necessary for the CPIC user in order
to provide maximum functionality.
For understanding the following table, knowledge of SAP authorization concepts is assumed.
Authorization Object
Connection to AE
Field name
S_RFC
When the Profile Parameter
ACTVT RFC_
auth/rfc_authority_check is
NAME RFC_
set, SAP checks if the RFC
TYPE
user is allowed to call the given
function group.
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*
*
S_BTCH_JOB
Batch Processing:
Operations on batch
jobs
AE creates SAP jobs
dynamically and needs the
authorization to plan, monitor
and release jobs. In addition,
AE creates jobs in order to
process BDC sessions,
thereby using the standard
ABAP program RSBDCBTC.
*
*
JOBACTION
JOBGROUP
Values
Chapter7 Technical Connection | 88
Authorization Object
Connection to AE
Field name
Values
S_BTCH_ADM
Background
Processing:
Background
Administrator
In order to run existing SAP
jobs, AE must change the
respectiveJo bs. The AE and
standard interfaces use the
standard function module BP_
JOB_MODIFY to run jobs.
This requires batchadministrator authorization.
This type of authorization is
also required for retrieving the
Spool List of a job in case the
CPIC user is not the job
creator.
BTCADMIN
Y
Attention: S_BTCH_ADM
allows the client-independent
selection of existing jobs. If the
AE JCL statement R3_
ACTIVATE_JOBS is
processed with a CPIC user
having this authorization, AE
possibly starts jobs in several
SAP clients, depending on the
specified selection criteria
(such as the same job name in
2 SAP clients)
S_BTCH_NAM
In order to create and run jobs
for any other SAP user, the
CPIC user must be authorized
to specify the user name.
BTCUNAME
*
S_SPO_DEV
Spooler: Device
Authorization
In order to specify the printing
parameter 'print immediately'
within a job step, the CPIC
user must be authorized to
access the corresponding
printing device.
SPODEVICE
*
S_TMS_ACT
In order to transfer the cover
page of a Spool List back to
AE, it is helpful to see the
parameters of the variant
which was used to run the
ABAP. This information is part
of the cover page.
STMSACTION
STMSOBJECT
STMSOWNER
*
*
*
S_XMI_PROD
This object is used to log on to EXTCOMPANY
the Standard Interface. Before EXTPRODUCT
Calling functions of an
INTERFACE
External Interface, the
External Application has to Log
on to the Interface.
*
*
*
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Authorization Object
Connection to AE
Field name
Values
S_XMI_LOG
Not necessary for AE, but
when using the standard
interface, entries into the XMI
log are created (Online
Transaction Code RZ15). This
authorization is required to
view them or to clear the log.
-
-
S_WFAR_OBJ
ArchiveLink
Authorizations for
accessing Documents
AE allows the specification of
Archive Parameters (object
type, document type...). This
includes that the printing list of
an ABAP program can be
transferred to an optical
archive immediately. This only
makes sense if an optical
archive system is installed for
the SAP system.
ACTVT
OAARCHIV
OADOCUMENT
OAOBJEKTE
*
*
*
*
S_WFAR_PRI
ArchiveLink
Authorizations for
accessing Print Lists
In order to create printing lists
within an optical archive, the
CPIC user must have the
corresponding authorization.
ACTVT
OAARCHIV
OADOKUMENT
OAOBJEKTE
PROGRAM
*
*
*
*
*
S_PROGRAM
ABAP: Program run
checks
AE needs this authorization
P_ACTION
object to schedule ABAP
P_GROUP
programs that are assigned to
authorization groups
(Authorization field P_ACTION
= BTCSUBMIT) and to
manage variants
(Authorization field P_ACTION
= VARIANT).
BTCSUBMIT,VARIANT
*
S_SPO_ACT
Spool: Actions
In order to transfer Spool Lists
not created from the CPIC
user, the field SPOACTION
has to allow the actions BASE
and DISP for the
corresponding users.
SPOACTION
SPOAUTH
BASE,DISP
*
S_ADMI_FCD
System Authorizations
In order to transfer Spool Lists
not created from the CPIC
user, the field S_ADMI_FCD
has to allow the actions at
least the action SP0R.
S_ADMI_FCD
SP0R
S_RS_ISOUR
Administrator
Workbench InfoSource (Flexible
Update)
Only needed if the Business
Warehouse Function BW_
ACTIVATE_INFOPACKAGE
is used and Flexible Update is
used.
ACTVT
RSAPPLNM
RSISOURCE
RSISRCOBJ
*
*
*
*
Chapter7 Technical Connection | 90
Authorization Object
Connection to AE
Field name
Values
S_RS_ISOUR
Administrator
Workbench InfoSource (Direct
Update)
Only needed if the Business
Warehouse Function BW_
ACTIVATE_INFOPACKAGE
is used and Direct Update is
used.
ACTVT
RSAPPLNM
RSISOURCE
RSISRCOBJ
*
*
*
*
S_DEVELOP ABAP
Workbench
Only needed if the Business
Warehouse Function BW_
ACTIVATE_CHAIN is used.
ACTVT
DEVCLASS
OBJNAME
OBJTYPE P_
GROUP
*
*
*
*
*
S_RS_ICUBE
Administrator
Workbench - InfoCube
Only needed if the Business
Warehouse Function BW_
ACTIVATE_CHAIN is used.
ACTVT
RSICUBEOBJ
RSINFOAREA
RSINFOCUBE
*
*
*
*
S_RS_ADMWB
Administrator
Workbench - Objects
Only needed if the Business
Warehouse Functions are
used.
ACTVT
RSADMWBOBJ
*
*
S_RS_DS
Only needed if the Business
Warehouse Functions are
used.
S_RS_DTP
Only needed if the Business
Warehouse Functions are
used.
S_RS_ODSO
Only needed if the Business
Warehouse Functions are
used.
S_RS_PC
Only needed if the Business
Warehouse Functions are
used.
S_RZL_ADM
Releasing intercepted jobs
(RemoteTaskManager, R3_
activate_intercepted_jobs)
ACTVT
01
S_TABU_DIS
For using SAP Forms
ACTVT
DICBERCLS
03
SPFL
-
No specific SAP
authorizations are necessary
for additional AE functions, as
there is no security risk.
*) Automic recommends creating your authorizations in accordance with your naming conventions.
For using minimum AE functionality, it is necessary to provide the RFC user with a user profile that
contains the authorization object S_BTCH_JOB. It must contain the standard authorization S_BTCH_ALL
or an authorization where the fields are filled in as follows:
Activities in jobs: DELE, PLAN, PROT, RELE, SHOW
Summarizing jobs for a group: *
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7.4 Consideration of Job Attributes
The host-specific tab in SAP jobs contains some attributes that affect several script elements. The table
shown below lists them all. Those SAP-specific script elements that are not included in this list do not use
attributes.
Script element
BCA_ACTIVATE_
PROCESS
R3_ACTIVATE_EXT_
COMMAND
R3_ACTIVATE_EXT_
PROGRAM
R3_ACTIVATE_
INTERCEPTED_JOBS
R3_ACTIVATE_JOBS
R3_ACTIVATE_
REPORT
R3_ACTIVATE_
SESSIONS
R3_CALL_
TRANSACTION
R3_GET_EVENT
R3_GET_JOB_SPOOL
R3_MODIFY_JOB
R3_RAISE_EVENT
See also:
SAP tab in SAP jobs
Login language
Job
Job Target Start
name class system type
Delete in
CCMS
Spool list
recipient
Chapter7 Technical Connection | 92
7.5 Interfaces
7.5.1 Interfaces
General Information
Agents communicate with the SAP system via SAP's RFC (Remote Function Call). Functional modules
are called in this process. The agent can use the standar interfaces but also the AE interfaces which
allows using additional functionalities.
This documentation addresses the two types of interfaces as shown below:
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The AE interface
is based on functional modules that have been developed by AE.
The standard interfaces are based upon functional modules that are provided by SAP. AE uses
several of these interfaces for various purposes. The interfaces are subdivided:
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XMB (eXternal Monitoring Basics)
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XAL (eXternal ALerting)
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XBP (eXternal Batch Processing) *)
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XMW (eXternal Monitoring Write)
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BW-STA (Business Warehouse - data STAging)
*)Note that the XBP 2.0 interface must be activated using the program INITXBP2. This is part of the XBP
2.0 installation. Otherwise, you cannot use parent-child relations and intercepted job functions.
The Automation Engine supports the SAP NetWeaver XBP 2.0 and XBP 3.0 interface. Therefore, you
can use SAP modules that use this interface (such as SAP 4.7, NetWeaver Stack 2004s, ECC5,
ECC6).
The XBP interface version is not relevant for the Kernel version. SAP ensures compatibility by
supporting a particular number of new Kernel versions that still support the old interface when a new
interface version is released.
The AE interface requires BABP XBP V2.0. Check the version in your SAP system and install an upto-date support package.
7.5.2 Functional Differences
The following table provides an overview of SAP script elements which require the AE interface (script
element). Script elements which have specific parameters which require the AE interface are also checked
(Parameter).
Script Elements and Corresponding Interfaces
AE Interface required
Script Statements
Description
Script
Element
Parameter
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R3_ACTIVATE_
CM_PROFILE
Activates a profile in the SAP Criteria
Manager
R3_ACTIVATE_
EXT_COMMAND
Execution of an external command
R3_ACTIVATE_
EXT_PROGRAM
Execution of an external program
R3_ACTIVATE_
INTERCEPTED_
JOBS
Carries out intercepted jobs
R3_ACTIVATE_
JOBS
Executes already planned jobs
R3_ACTIVATE_
REPORT
Executes an ABAP program
R3_ACTIVATE_
SESSIONS
Processes Batch Input Sessions
R3_CALL_
TRANSACTION
Calls an SAP transaction
R3_COPY_
VARIANT
Copies the variant of a report
R3_CREATE_
OUTPUT_
REQUEST
Creates a new output request to an existing
spool request
R3_CREATE_
VARIANT
Creates a new variant
R3_DEACTIVATE_
CM_PROFILE
Deactivates a profile in the SAP Criteria
Manager
R3_DELETE_
NODE
Deletes a node in the SAP monitor
architecture.
R3_DELETE_
VARIANT
Deletes the variant of a report
R3_GET_
APPLICATION_RC
Checks the application return code of one or
several job steps.
R3_GET_
APPLICATIONLOG
Retrieves messages of the application log
and writes them into report or file
R3_GET_EVENT
Waits for an event to be triggered in SAP
R3_GET_
INTERCEPTION
Reads the filter table for intercepted jobs and
saves them in the activation report or a file
R3_GET_JOB_
SPOOL
Reads the spool list of an "ABAP program"
step
R3_GET_JOBLOG
Retrieves the job log of an SAP job from SAP
and writes it to the report
R3_GET_JOBS
Selects SAP jobs and lists the result in the
activation report
R3_GET_
MONITOR
Reads data from an SAP monitor
Chapter7 Technical Connection | 94
R3_GET_
SESSIONS
Selects batch input sessions and lists the
result in the activation report or in a file
R3_GET_
Selects spool requests with pre-defined filters
SPOOLREQUESTS
R3_GET_
SYSTEMLOG
Reads the system log of an SAP system over
a specified period of time
R3_GET_
VARIANTS
Reads the variant catalog
R3_GET_
VARIANT_
CONTENTS
Shows the content of a variant
R3_MODIFY_
INTERCEPTION
Modifies the filter table for intercepted jobs
R3_MODIFY_JOB
Modifies an ABAP Step
R3_MODIFY_
VARIANT
Modifies a value in a variant
R3_RAISE_EVENT
Triggers an event defined in SAP
R3_SCHEDULE_
JOB_CANCEL
Resets an already released SAP job to the
status "Scheduled"
R3_SEND_
SPOOL_REQUEST
Sends an existing spool request
R3_SET_
BDCDATA
Defines BDC data
R3_SET_FREE_
SELECTION
Defines a free selection
R3_SET_LOG_
ATTR
Sets a log attribute in the SAP monitor
architecture
R3_SET_PERF_
ATTR
Sets a performance attribute in the SAP
monitor architecture
R3_SET_PRINT_
DEFAULTS
Sets default values for print parameters
which are used when executing reports
R3_SET_SELECT_
OPTION
Defines a selection criterion
R3_SET_STATUS_
ATTR
Sets a status attribute in the SAP monitor
architecture
R3_SET_TEXT_
ATTR
Sets a text attribute in the SAP monitor
architecture
R3_SWITCH_
OPMODE
Switches the operation mode in SAP
See also:
About AE JCL for Applications
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7.5.3 Transporting the Automation Engine Interface
General
In order to take advantage of the functionality of the AE interface, function modules must be transported to
the SAP system.
Function modules are developed as ABAP development objects. These components are supplied with the
"Correction & Transport System " package of the SAP System:
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KNNNNNN.SID information file, for example K000046.T45
RNNNNNN.SID data file, for example R000046.T45
ENNNNNN.txt export protocol, for example E000046.txt
Name ranges are transported along with function modules in separate transport requests. A list of all
currently valid transport requests is found in the file TRANSPRT.TXT. All transports must take place when
a new installation is made. With an update installation, it is only the function modules (AE interface)
because there is no change of the name ranges.
The names of the development objects are described in Terminology.
Throughout this document, the following codes are used:
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NNNNNN for the transport job number of the delivery system and
SID for the system names of the delivery system.
TID is used for the system name of the target system (to which the function modules are imported).
File Names
SAP can be installed in various environments (UNIX, Windows...). Therefore, it is important to consider
the specific features of the system when you name the files.
In this document, the file names that refer to a SAP environment are written in UNIX language ("/"). For
Windows environments, the names are the same with the exception that thy use a "\" character.
Importing Function Modules in SAP
If the functionality of the AE interface is used, function modules must be transported to the SAP system.
Requirements:
All activities that concern the transport system must be made by a SAP administrator (SIDadm).
The transport system must be properly installed and set. This takes place during the installation of the
SAP system.
In this case, importing requires that at least 2 batch work processes (BTC) are running.
Control: Tools - Administration - Monitor - System Control - System Overview (Transaction SM50).
To import development objects, the Transport demon must be planned for in client 000 (background job
"RDDIMPDP") and cleared for the SAP system. Control: see below
The functionality can be checked as follows:
cd usr/sap/trans/bin........ Change to the SAP transport directory.
Chapter7 Technical Connection | 96
tp checkimpdp TID........... Verify that the Transport demon RDDIMDP is active in SAP.
tp connect TID.............. Test the connection to the SAP system.
The transport system is described in the SAP online documentation in the chapter BASIS - TRANSPORT
CONTROL.
Note that the import process requires the option "Ignore Non-Matching Component Versions" to be set.
Procedure:
Import the supplied transport files to the SAP transport environment:
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On the SAP computer:
Change to the appropriate subdirectory (for the SAP version) in IMAGE:AGENTS\SAP\_TRANS:
Copy the files from there to the following directory:
KNNNNNN.SID by /usr/sap/trans/cofiles
RNNNNNN.SID by /usr/sap/trans/data
If SAP is installed under UNIX, the files are usually transferred via FTP. Be sure to enter "bin" for
binary transfers.
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The file ENNNNNN.TXT on the CD contains the complete export log and can be used for analysis.
Importing the delivery into the SAP system:
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On the SAP computer (use the SAP administrator (SIDadm) to register).
The imported transport files (RNNNNNN.SID and KNNNNNN.SID) must not be write protected
(be careful when you copy them from the CD).
If needed, you can create a directory that includes all objects of the transport job:
cd usr/sap/trans/data....... Change to SAP transport directory.
r3trans -l RNNNNNN.SID...... Create a file trans.log (List of transported objects).
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Create a buffer entry for the target system.
cd usr/sap/trans/bin........ Change to SAP transport directory.
tp addtobuffer SIDkNNNNNN TID [pf=<Profile name, Default TPPARAM>
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If needed, you can check the buffer entry:
tp showbuffer TID [pf=<Profile name, Default TPPARAM>
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Before you start to import, decide upon the unconditional modes (u) that should be used:
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4....valid only for SAP Release 3.x: guarantees that the target system name (TID) that is
used for the export does not correspond to the actual target system name. This mode must
be used because the actual target system is not known.
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1....must be entered when the import should be repeated.
Start the import using one of the following commands:
tp import SIDkNNNNNN TID u4 client123] [pf=<Profile name, default TPPARAM>] or
tp import SIDkNNNNNN TID u14 client123] [pf=<Profile name, default TPPARAM>]
The unconditional modes are distinguished by TP version and can be checked in the SAP
Documentation if needed.
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97 | Chapter 7 Technical Connection
This process requires that at least 2 batch tasks are running.
Although the transport job does not include client-specific data, it can happen that a client is
required. In this case, enter a valid client=nnn (client 010 is used for the export).
The import can take a few minutes, especially if the Transport demon RDDIMPDP is
planned not to be event-triggered but rather time-controlled.
Message "no profile used ":
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No profile is specified if you call an internal program on "sapevt". That is the reason why this
message occurs with any call on sapevt. Usually, it can be ignored.
Other messages can occur. Only the return code is crucial (see below - Control).
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Because of the SAP transport system's and the SAP environment's complexity, thorough error
diagnosis and correction can only be handled by an expert who is familiar with installation
environments.
A general assessment as to whether the import was successful should be possible for a non-expert
with the following tips:
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s means transport step:
G... Report and screen generation
H... R3TRANS import Dictionary
I... R3TRANS main import
In these three log files the exit code (=return code) has to be checked (it always occurs at
the end of the file). It cannot exceed "4"!
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7.5.4 Testing the Automation Engine Interface with ABAP
Workbench
1.
Starting the development environment and opening the function modules
Start the development environment (ABAP/4 Workbench) and open the function modules to the function
group /SBB/UC4_JOB with the object browser:
Tools ABAP/4 Workbench Overview Object Navigator, select Function Group /SBB/UC4_JOB, select
Function Modules, position the cursor on the object and click Test in the context menu.
The name of the function modules always has the prefix AE.
2.
Testing the function module UC4_JOB_OPEN
Parameters that must be specified:
JOB NAME - Any name (such as TEST).
JOBCLASS - A, B or C
Chapter7 Technical Connection | 98
The parameter JOBCOUNT is supplied. This value must be noted or copied to the clipboard.
3.
Testing the function module UC4_JOB_SUBMIT
Parameters that must be specified:
JOBCOUNT - Enter the value or import from the clipboard.
JOBNAME - As with function module UC4_JOB_OPEN,
REPORT_ID - 'RSM04000' or 'RSM04000_ALV'.
99 | Chapter 7 Technical Connection
Make sure after the execution that no exception has occurred. Although parameters are supplied, they
are not necessarily required for testing.
4.
Testing the function module UC4_JOB_CLOSE
Chapter7 Technical Connection | 100
Parameter to be specified:
JOBCOUNT - enter value or import from the clipboard,
JOBNAME - as with function module UC4_JOB_OPEN.
After the execution, verify that no exception has occurred.
The job has now been started and can be displayed by using a standard transaction SM37
(System Services Jobs Job Overview). When the job has ended okay, this indicates that the function
modules within the SAP system work properly.
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7.6 Agent for SAP BW
General
The Automation Engine supports the components SAP Business Information Warehouse (SAP BW) in the
same way that it supports an operating system. Technically, this cooperation is set up so that function
modules are called via SAP's RFC (Remote Function Call) within the SAP system. The communication
for the SAP system is carried out exclusively via RFC and is therefore independent of the environment
where SAP BW is installed.
The setting of the connection parameter is carried out in the Connection object of the agent. Furthermore,
this agent can be set for all AE-supported SAP BW versions.
The agent for SAP BW can also process jobs in the SAP basis system (regular background jobs).
The following table shows which SAP Version and SAP Basis correspond to an agent for SAP BW.
BW Release
SAP Basis
Agent for SAP BW
1.2B
4.5A
Not supported
2.0B
4.6C
Available first with Automation Engine version 2.63C
2.1C
4.6D
Available first with Automation Engine version 2.63C
3.0B
6.10
Available first with Automation Engine version 2.63D
>3.0B
6.x
Available first with Automation Engine version 2.63D
Support Packages for SAP BW
For the operational use of the agent, Automic recommends installation of the following support packages
from SAP BW.
SAP BW Release
Support Package Level
2.0B
32
2.1C
24
3.0B
14
3.1C
08
>3.1C
Support Package Level unknown
Chapter7 Technical Connection | 102
If the agent is used with a lower support package level, the following messages can appear. Further
information is found in the given SAP notes.
SAP Note Number
Message
488588
short dump "DYNPRO_SEND_IN_BACKGROUND"
426047
Message E089(RSM1) "Job not (yet ?) started"
488808
BAPI_IPAK_CHANGE ignores InfoPackage Parameter
Status Check
The Automation Engine presumes that the technical status that is submitted when the function status
check is called is a "final status". The Interface Repository gives the following description:
The parameter TECHSTATUS is the request's technical status. It always contains one of the following
values:
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G - green (request handling successful)
Y - yellow (request is being processed)
R - red (request incorrect or canceled)
Obviously, these states are not "final states". A status can change to "red" for a short time and then to
"yellow" or "green" after a while. AE accounts for this fact. For status checks, a time delay can be
activated so that it can be checked n times if the status "red" actually remains in this status, for example.
The INI file of the SAP agent contains the parameters maxruntime= and repeat_check= [SAP_BW]) for
this.
Another function is available which checks the states of process chains. It supplies the following values:
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"R" - cancel
"G" - normal end
"F" - normal end
"A" - continue checking
"X" - cancel
"P" - continue checking
"S" - cancel (but only after the process chain has been restarted)
"Q" - continue checking
"Y" - continue checking
" " - continue checking
AE then converts these states into return codes:
Return code
Status
SAP status
0
ENDED_OK
G or F
4
ENDED_NOT_OK
R
8
ENDED_NOT_OK
X
12
ENDED_NOT_OK
S
103 | Chapter 7 Technical Connection
7.7 Archive Parameters with R3_ACTIVATE_
REPORT
The archive parameters which can be specified by a user in R3_ACTIVATE_REPORT correspond to the
entry fields displayed in the figure below. The dialog field is displayed in the SAP System if "Archive" has
been selected as the mode in the printing parameters.
Parameters in SAP
Parameters for R3_ACTIVATE_REPORT
Obj. type
ARCHIVE_SAPOBJECT
Doc. type
ARCHIVE_OBJECT
Information
ARCHIVE_INFO
Text
ARCHIVE_TEXT
See also:
R3_ACTIVATE_REPORT
Chapter7 Technical Connection | 104
7.8 ERROR/ERRORLEVEL with R3_ACTIVATE_
SESSIONS
When processing R3_ACTIVATE_SESSIONS, AE first retrieves a list of sessions which should be
processed from the SAP system. Each of these sessions will be processed with an individual SAP job. In
this document, these jobs are referred to as Replayers. A Replayer uses the ABAP program
"RSBDCBTC" to process sessions.
ERROR
Refers to the result (status) of the Replayer. The status can be "A" for abend or "F" for finished
successfully.
ERROR=IGNORE
The next session of the list will be processed in any case. The result of the previous Replayer is
ignored.
ERROR=ABEND
Processing of sessions stops immediately if a Replayer ends with status "A". The AE job abends.
ERRORLEVEL
Always refers to the session itself and is checked when the Replayer has ended. ERRORLEVEL
defines the number of incorrectly processed transactions in % within a session. If the session value
has been exceeded, the processing of the AE job is canceled. No further sessions of the session
list are executed. No check is made for successfully processed transactions if no ERRORLEVEL
has been specified.
105 | Chapter 7 Technical Connection
7.9 Troubleshooting
7.9.1 Checking Errors
This document contains information that will support you in recognizing the source of errors which cause
the agent to function improperly or individual tasks to be executed incorrectly.
Job Report
The first source to be checked is the activation log of the AE job for SAP. It provides information about the
actions the agent has taken in connection with the SAP system and how the particular actions ended.
Attributes of Executable Objects
Sometimes the error cause is easily found in the attributes of an executable object (such as a wrong client
or user). Check the attributes of the particular object.
Chapter7 Technical Connection | 106
CPIC User
An SAP user (client, name or passport) must be defined in a Login object to be able to establish a
connection to the SAP System. This user must also be available with the same password in all an SAP
system's clients in which tasks are executed. Check the Login object and the users in the SAP system.
Within the SAP system, the agent is represented by the CPIC user. This user requires the appropriate
rights such as operator rights for background processing, for example. Check the rights of the SAP
system's CPIC user.
Helpful Transactions
Through job logs and spool lists, the transaction "SM37" provides information about job executions. The
XMI log which can be called using "RZ15" also supplies helpful records.
Log Files
Agent and Server log files provide exact information about the relevant point in time when the error
occurred. These files' contents are also provided in the System Overview. The initial section shows the
complete INI file including the parameters which have been specified for the agent and server. This section
is followed by a chronological list of all executed actions.
SAP's System Log
Error situations occurring in the SAP system are logged in SAP's system log. Use the SAP transaction
"SM21" to view the system log. In particular cases (such as when the agent fails to schedule a job step),
the SAP system log is automatically copied to an own tab in the AE report.
Traces
Traces provide even more detailed information than log files. They contain all messages which were sent
from and to agent and server or agent and SAP system (RFC trace). Traces can be activated in the agent's
INI file or the System Overview. Trace contents are stored in files in the agent's working directory or an
individually defined directory.
Traces are required for the support or development team's analysis process. Always include this
information in your support message.
An activated RFC trace create files on agent side but also on SAP's application server computer.
Automic recommends activating traces only for a short period of time in order to reduce the hard disk's
memory consumption. Set gw/accept_remote_trace_level to 0 if no trace files should be created in the
SAP system.
Further information about RFC trace is available in the SAP note number 532918.
7.9.2 Problems by Importing Function Modules
Program Tp Does Not Terminate
Symptom
While importing the development objects, the program tp does not terminate (normally it runs a few
minutes). After canceling with (Ctrl-C), the following message is displayed in the SLOG file.
107 | Chapter 7 Technical Connection
Background job RDDIMPDP could not be started or terminated abnormally
Cause
The import of development objects is executed by job RDDIMPDP. This is usually event-controlled and
triggered by the event "SAP_TRIGGER_RDDIMPDP" of the program tp. In this case, starting the job with
the event does not work - tp consequently waits infinitely.
Solution
Verify that the event "SAP_TRIGGER_RDDIMPDP" has been defined (SM64).
Verify that the entries for the event control are correctly set in TPPARAM.
Search for possible information in the SAP Service Portal with the headword "SAP_TRIGGER_
RDDIMPDP"
If necessary, use the 5-minute RDDIMPDP, which can be scheduled with SE38 via ABAP RDDPUTPP.
7.9.3 SAP Jobs End with ARCHIVE_INFO_NOT_FOUND
Symptom
SAP jobs canceled with the following message:
U2004001 RFC Return code: ARCHIVE_INFO_NOT_FOUND
Cause
ARCHIVE_INFO_NOT_FOUND is an exception of the function module "GET_PRINT_PARAMETERS".
This function module is a standard function module of the SAP System.
ARCHIVE_INFO_NOT_FOUND does not necessarily refer to the info field of the archive parameters.
ARCHIVE_INFO_NOT_FOUND refers to the entire archive parameters. These are currently:
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ARCHIVE_O[BJECT]= Document type
ARCHIVE_S[APOBJECT]= Object type
ARCHIVE_T[EXT]= Text
ARCHIVE_I[NFO]= Info field
ARCHIVE_INFO_NOT_FOUND can have various reasons such as:
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The document type is assigned to a non-existing archive in SAP (Content Repository).
The user has no access (see authorization object S_WFAR_PRI in SAP).
Provided that the parameters are correctly transferred from AE to the function modules, the reason for an
exception is mostly found in SAP.
Chapter7 Technical Connection | 108
Solution
Use RFC Trace to check whether the AE parameters are correctly transferred to the function module.
Check your customized settings "Business Documents" and "ArchiveLink" and the authorizations of the
CPIC user in the SAP system.
See also:
R3_ACTIVATE_REPORT
Archive Parameter with R3_ACTIVATE_REPORT
7.9.4 Stability Problems with SAP Instances Occurred
When Many SAP Agents (RFC Connection) Were Used On
One Server
Symptom
The external RFC/CPIC server cannot open additional connections.
The system issues the error message:
LOCATION CPIC (TCP/IP) on local host ERROR max no. of 100 conversations
exceeded
Reason
The number of parallel connections that can be kept in the library is set to 100.
Solution
By setting the environment variables CPIC_MAX_CONV, the library can handle multiple connections at
the same time.
Windows: set CPIC_MAX_CONV=<n>
For example, set CPIC_MAX_CONV=500 (for 500 connections)
Unix: setenv CPIC_MAX_CONV <n> ( csh )
For example, setenv CPIC_MAX_CONV 500 (for 500 connections)
Unix: export CPIC_MAX_CONV=<n> ( ksh )
For example, export CPIC_MAX_CONV=500 (for 500 connections)
iSeries: ADDENVVAR ENVVAR(CPIC_MAX_CONV) VALUE(<n>)
For example, ADDENVVAR ENVVAR(CPIC_MAX_CONV) VALUE(500) (for 500 connections)
109 | Chapter 7 Technical Connection
7.9.5 Problem with Password Assignment to SAP
After Updating to SAP NetWeaver 2004s and Later, CPIC User Could
No Longer Log On
Symptom
Password-based logon attempts (to ABAP systems as of Release 7.00 / NetWeaver 2004s / SAP ERP
2005) fail, although the user has entered a supposedly correct password in a front-end component or in a
destination (of another system). However, a (direct) SAPGUI logon with the same password is
successful.
Reason
ABAP systems as of NetWeaver 2004s (7.00) support passwords of up to 40 characters and differentiate
between uppercase and lowercase. In earlier ABAP Releases (prior to 7.00), passwords could only be
comprised of a maximum of 8 characters, whereby lowercase letters that were entered were automatically
changed to uppercase letters.
If, in a newer ABAP system (as of Release 7.00), a downwardly incompatible password is unknowingly
granted (see below), and if the front-end or middleware components are not able to process such
passwords correctly, logon problems inevitably occur.
This is usually due to the (invisible) automatic conversion from lowercase to uppercase letters. The
problem is that the password entered by the user does not arrive at the server in the same form, but is
changed either during input or during the transmission (in which many components are involved).
Term definitions
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Password: downwardly compatible / downwardly incompatible
A (plain text) password is downwardly compatible if it consists of a maximum of 8 characters and
contains no lowercase letters.
A (plain text) password is downwardly incompatible if it consists of more than 8 characters or
contains at least one lowercase letter.
Older ABAP systems support downwardly compatible passwords only. In newer ABAP systems
(as of Release 7.00), downwardly incompatible as well as downwardly compatible passwords can
be granted. Since lowercase letters that you enter are now no longer changed to uppercase letters,
the passwords granted in newer ABAP systems are normally downwardly incompatible.
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Hash password procedure / Code versions
ABAP systems do not save passwords in plain text, but instead calculate a hash value and save
this together with the meta information using the hash password procedure ("code version"). This
information is stored in the user master record and is analyzed during the password check: A hash
value is determined, using the code version specification (from the user master record), from the
Chapter7 Technical Connection | 110
plain text password to be checked and is compared with the reference hash value (from the user
master record).
The quantity of the hash password procedure supported is release-dependent, whereby newer
releases always support all procedures of preceding releases. This ensures that a password logon
is also possible after a release upgrade.
Only the hash password procedures available as of Release 7.00 also support the processing of
downwardly incompatible passwords. Older hash password procedures support downwardly
compatible passwords only.
Whether downwardly incompatible passwords are supported or expected during a password logon
depends primarily on the specifications (code version) saved in the user maser record.
Solution
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When using the technical user (in RFC destinations):
We strongly recommend that you use the SYSTEM user type on the server (or also SERVICE,
provided a SAPGUI capability is required), since the password has unlimited validity only for these
user types (see SAP note 622464). If the password should be entered in an RFC destination of an
older system (= RFC client), it must be granted as a downwardly compatible password on the
server. For users of the SYSTEM or SERVICE type, this is always possible, even if the password
rules of the system normally compel the use of downwardly incompatible passwords (for example,
by login/min_password_lng > 8 or login/min_password_lowercase > 0).
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When using older front-end or middleware components and password logon of "normal"
users (DIALOG type):
In this case, it is not practical to change the passwords of the (numerous) users affected (as in the
above case with technical users). Instead you must replace the obsolete front-end or middleware
components. SAP note 792850 describes as of which version level certain front-end or middleware
components support the interaction with downwardly incompatible passwords. In addition, you may
need to update other software components (attached to these components), as well as those of
external providers. This is particularly the case if these components have their own password input
dialog and are not able to support downwardly incompatible passwords (according to the above
definition of the term).
For the moment, you can set the profile parameter login/password_downwards_compatibility on the
server to the value 2 or 3 for test purposes. In this case, the server checks if the client has sent a
matching downwardly compatible password for the expected downwardly incompatible password
(that is, a password that is 8 characters long and converted to uppercase). If this is the case, it is
logged in the sys log (for error analysis purposes), and the logon is assessed as successful (for
value 3). Using transaction RZ11, you can change the profile parameter dynamically, that is,
without restarting the system.
111 | Chapter 8 Certificates
8 Certificates
Chapter8 Certificates | 112
8.1 Overview
All functions we provide for SAP are certified.
113 | Chapter 8 Certificates
The following table lists all certifications:
Solution Interface Software
SAP Interface
AE.agent for SAP
BC-XBP 6.10 - Background Processing, Job Scheduling 6.10 (Vers.
2.0)
BC-XBP 7.0 - Background Processing, Job Scheduling 7.0 (Vers. 3.0)
JAVA-JXBP 7.1
AE.agent for SAP BW
BW-SCH 3.0 - Scheduling for SAP BW 3.0
AE.agent for J2EE/JMX
JAVA-EE-STD 7.1
See also:
SAP Partner
SAP Developer Network (SDN)
Chapter Glossary | 114
Glossary
This glossary lists all specific technical terms in alphabetical order.
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
.1 A
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AE DB Archive
The utility AE DB Archive can be used to remove the increasing amounts of data from the
Automation Engine database.
AE DB Change
Utility for changing transport case exports.
AE DB Client Copy
Utility for copying and deleting clients
AE DB Load
The utility DB Load can be used to load data into the Automation Engine database.
AE DB Reorg
Data can be reorganized by using the utility DB Reorg. It marks data records with a deletion flag in
accordance with the settings that have been specified.
AE DB Reporting Tool
The utility AE DB Reporting Tool can be used to query tasks in your Automation Engine system.
AE DB Revision Report
Utility unloading modification reports from the Automation Engine database. Modification reports
include detailed information about object modifications and accesses.
AE DB Unload
Utility for unloading the Automation Engine database.
AE variables
These are Variable objects that include the Automation Engine system's specifications.
ARA Client
Refers to a computer on which a ARA/Deployment Manager/Automation Engine user works.
Application Release Automation
Application Release Automation, is an end-to-end solution for planning, coordinating and
automating software release processes, including automated deployment of applications across
large-scale server environments and covers all mentioned use cases.
Automation Engine
This component drives an Automation Engine system and consists of different types of server
processes.
Automation Engine
The Automation Engine is an application for managing when and how objects run. Processes and
various other object types can be selected and then specified to run at or within certain times. This
allows you to manage processing in Automation Engine systems in an automated way and from a
remote and central location. Furthermore, the activities of these objects are tracked and recorded
for logging and analysis purposes.
Automation Engine Database
A relational database management system (RDMS) that administers all scheduling data from a
central point. It contains object definitions, system specifications, statistical data, job reports, etc.
115 | Chapter Glossary
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Automation Engine Script
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Automation Engine component
Refers to Automation Engine programs such as UserInterfaces, the AutomationEngine, Agents,
ServiceManagers, utilities etc.
Automation Engine priority
Affects the order of task execution within an Automation Engine system.
Automation Engine system
An environment that is managed by Automation Engine components.
action
Actions are predefined building blocks for recurring activities. They are commonly used for
managing third party systems or in deployment scenarios.
activities
Deployment-related activities
activity
An activity (or task) is an entity that can be planned, assigned to a user or a team and tracked with
respect to their plan and state (started, cancelled, suspended, completed).
activity template
Used when creating multiple activities based on a template. Holds one or more template activities
adapter
Adapters are our application integrations such as Informatica or Business Objects for example.
admin computer
Admin computer refers to the computer that is used by an administrator for e.g. Automation Engine
or database administration purposes.
agent
A program that enables the de-centralized execution of processes (such as deployments) on target
systems (computers or business solutions) or a service that provides connectivity to a target
system (such as for databases or middleware). An agent is also an object type in the Automation
Engine. See also: host
agent group
An agent group combines agents of the same platform. The agents that should be included in an
agent group are specified by entering the agent name or via filters. A task that runs in an agent
group is processed on one or all of the agent group's agents, depending on the specified mode. A
particular Automation Engine object type.
application
An application is a software which helps a user to fulfill specific tasks. Within ARAan Application
entity is the main container for the deployment model of an application. See also: application entity.
application entity
Within ARA an Application entity is the main container for the deployment model of an application or
IT system within an organization. It bundles individual components with their related workflows (to
install, upgrade or remove application components) and dynamic property definitions.
application workflow
A workflow which is defined on application level and consists of a number of component workflows.
approval request
Several actions concerning different entities in ARB require an approval by the owner of the
affected entity. (E.g. assigning an activity to a reservation requires the reservation owner to accept
the activity)
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baseline
A snapshot of a release.
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CallAPI
A programming interface that processes a script in the Automation Engine system. It can be called
directly from within the program itself or from a different program.
calendar
An Automation Engine object type that defines a set of days based on calendar keywords.
calendar condition
The criteria for running a task is based on calendar keywords.
calendar keyword
The attribute of a Calendar object that defines which days included in the calendar.
calendars
Shows a calendar overview of activities, releases or reservations.
child
A subordinate task (such as a task that runs in a workflow).
child, children
These are objects that are activated by superordinate tasks (parents).
client
A closed environment within an Automation Engine system where you can create and run objects.
A client name consists of a 4-digit number that must be indicated when a user logs on to the
Automation Engine system. Users and their rights are also defined in clients.A particular
Automation Engine object type.
cockpit
An Automation Engine object type that allows you to include multiple visualizations of values and
states of the Automation Engine or of the monitored and controlled system in one window.
code table
An Automation Engine object type that defines a complete set of characters.
command line interface
A command line interface (CLI) is a human to machine interface based on text messages and
commands entered solely by a keyboard. It stands in contrast to a graphical user interface (GUI).
Examples are MS-DOS or Linux in console mode.
communication process
A communication process is part of the component Automation Engine. It is responsible for
connecting the components.
component
A component represents a single deployable unit, i.e. a piece of the application that can be
deployed. It is comprised by a set of properties and will be deployed during execution of a workflow.
component link
A component may need to reference another component of the same application, for example, if a
web application component needs the database component's connection string.
component workflow
A workflow which should be executed for a component of an application within one ore more
application workflows for installing, udating or removing the application.
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configuration
A set of constituent components that make up a system. This includes information on how the
components are connected including the settings applied.
custom properties
Custom types may have zero or more custom properties (with a user defined meaning). E.g. a
single choice field for the state of a bug, or a freeform text field for a long user entered text.
custom types
Used by the customer to define own set of types with custom properties. Can be used on the Web
UI by users which have the rights to create the custom type. A custom type is always based on a
main type.
custom view
A custom, user defined version of a list.
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DB Service Agent
Deployment Manager
The Application Release Automation is split into the two products Release Orchestrator and
Deployment Manager. The Deployment Manager provides automation and governance capabilities
for complex, multi-tier application deployments and configuration processes for heterogenous
environments.
Detached component
A detached component is not connected to any deployment target. You can use detached
components as blueprints for hosts that should be provisioned.
DevOps
DevOps is the combination of development and operations in a single role.
Download Center
The Download Center (http://downloads.automic.com/) is the place where you find everything you
need to know about your Automic solution to make sure you are using our products to their fullest
potential.
dashboard
Quick overview, depending on context. Holds zero or more widgets
data sequence
An internal listing of Console outputs or lines of Variable objects, etc. The lines of a data sequence
can be accessed by using a PROCESS loop or the script element GET_PROCESS_LINE. The
script elements PREP_PROCESS* generate data sequences.
database
A database is an organized collection of data including relevant data structures.
department
Department name to which the Automation Engine user belongs.
deployment
The deployment of a single application revision to an environment within a single activity.
deployment package
A deployment package represents a specific snapshot (set of values) of the dynamic properties of
an application deployment model, including the dynamic properties of the application entity itself as
well as one, several or all of the components the application is comprised of.
deployment profile
A deployment profile links applications to environments. It refers to a subset of the deployment
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targets the environment is comprised of. For each of the dynamic properties stored with a
component definition, a profile-specific value may override the default, making it easy to separate
the deployment model (what and how) from the environment (where).
deployment target
A deployment target links components to targets. Deployment targets can host a set of nodespecific properties such as default directories, connection strings, passwords and much more.
dialog process
A part of the Automation Engine component and a special form of work process. Is exclusively
responsible for UserInterface messages.
dynamic properties
Created entities may need to hold custom properties which are not defined in the type, or may need
to reference properties of other types during deployment. Dynamic properties can be used for this
task.
dynamic variables
A Variable object with the attributes "Source" - "EXEC", "SQL", "SQL internal", "Multi" or "Filelist".
Values are directly retrieved from the data source and not stored in the object.
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E-mail connection
This is a functionality of Windows and UNIX Agents that is used to send e-mails.
ECC
Abbreviation for the Enterprise Control Center
Email template
Used when an email should be sent out on specific occurrences (e.g. an activity has finished). May
hold multiple message templates.
Enterprise Control Center
Automic's web application that provides a single, browser-based interface for the ONE Automation
platform.
Event ID
First RunID of FileSystem and Console Events in the Automation Engine. Both Event types require
communication between the AE component and an Agent. They communicate via the first RunID.
Otherwise, Event identification is no longer possible after the first log change.
environment
An Environment is a container for Deployment Targets. It represents a specific purpose in the
software delivery cycle (e.g. DEVTEST, QA, STAGING or PROD).
environment reservation
An environment can be reserved for a specific time period.
event
Action that is triggered if particular conditions apply. It can be an Automation Engine object type or
an entry in a Policy Orchestrator EventBase.
external dependency
A task whose end status is considered when a workflow is being processed. The task itself,
however, does not run within the framework of this workflow.
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file transfer
Transfers files from one computer to another. A particular Automation Engine object type
(FileTransfer object).
folder
Top level entities such as Environment, Deployment Target, Activity, … are stored in folders. The
permissions a user has on an entity depend on the permissions that are set on the folder for the
entities.
forecast
Estimates a task's runtime on the basis of previous executions.
fully qualified file transfer
File transfers without wildcard characters. One particular file is transferred (as opposed to a partially
qualified file transfer).
function
Pre-defined run book template in the Automation Engine. One single step only, e.g. Start Windows
Service, Copy file,…
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Group Monitor
Window that shows the state of tasks assigned to a group object.
graphical user interface
A graphical user interface (GUI) is a human to machine interface based on windows, icons and
menus which can be operated by a computer mouse in addition to a keyboard. In contrast to
command line interface (CLI).
group
An Automation Engine object type that integrates tasks so that they can be processed together.
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HTML Help
Microsoft help format for manuals. These help files have the ending .CHM (see also 'WebHelp').
history records
Contains a history of all changes to a specific entity
host
Computer, target system.
host attributes
Platform-independent attributes of the Job object.
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Include object
An Automation Engine object type for a script that is frequently used in more than one object.
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Job Control Language
Short form of "Job Control Language". It refers to applications that are processing steps executed
on computers.
job
An Automation Engine object type for a process that runs on a target system.
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Key column
Column in static Variable objects that can be used to access values of a particular line.
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Log Mix
The utility LogMix supports the generation of one common file from several report, log or trace files.
list
Shows entities in a grid view
logical date
The logical date is used as a comparison date for checking Calendar conditions.
login
An Automation Engine object type that stores account credentials used by agents on target
systems.
login object
Login objects store account credentials used by agents on nodes. Account credentials can be
related to single nodes or shared between a set of nodes (E.g. shared account).
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Message Window
A window that appears on the user interface and contains information, warning, and error
messages.
main types
Release, Package, Package Dependency, Application, Deployment Target, Component, Activity,
Environment, Reservation and Workflow.
message template
Specifies the message, the recipients and the send conditions. Used in an email template.
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NonStop Server
You can use nonstop processes (NWP) in order to increase your system reliability. A specific
license is required for this purpose. In nonstop operation, only the WPs of one computer are active.
The processes of a different computer (nonstop processes) are available upon request. If the
primary computer that includes the active WPs fails, the nonstop processes take over their role. As
opposed to a usual parallel operation, the system configuration NonStop Server does not use the
WPs of all computers. The WPs of ony computer are always in the mode "hot standby."
Notification Monitor
Window of the notification that is sent to one or several users at runtime.
nonstop process
Part of the component Automation Engine. Nonstop processes assume processing if the computer
with the active server processes fails.
notification
An Automation Engine object type used to send messages to users and user groups.
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ONE Automation
The name of an Automic platform (product family).
object
Automation Engine controlled activities and processes are structured in the form of objects. See
also: Task
object class
There are four classes of objects: executable, active, passive and system objects.
object type
An individual object is provided for the individual activities: There are User, UserGroup,
Notification, Cockpit, CodeTable, Documentation, Event, Agent, FileTransfer, Group, Include, Job,
Workflow, Calendar, Login, Client, RemoteTaskManager, Schedule, Script, Server, Sync, Variable
and TimeZone objects
object variables
Placeholder for values that are stored in an object's "Variables & Prompts" tab/section.
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Entities are owned by a specific user or team. Only this user//users inside the team may change the
entity.
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Process Analytics
An Automic graphical analysis tool that displays the activities, statistical data and forecast data per
Automation Engine system client in a bar diagram and that can be used to calculate the critical
path.
PromptSet element
Fields/control elements that are used to query User values. They are the content of a PromptSet
input mask.
package
A package typically bundles a set of components with its properties, it is assigned to a release to
bundle functionality and to allow release managers to plan accordingly. Properties for the
component can be set on a package to facilitate deployment of different versions of the same
component.
package content
A package may reference applications, components and related packages.
package dependency
A package milestone may depend upon another package to have passed a specific milestone.
package milestone
Since packages define a state machine, they need some sort of timely order. Milestones are used
for this.
package module
A package module is a group of related package types, e.g. Feature, Change Request, or Bug. It
defines how the packages are displayed in the GUI and the features enabled for each package type.
packages
Delivery package, a bundle of functionality.
parent
There are different ways of activating objects. The originator of an activation is referred to as the
superordinate task (parent). See also: Child; Children
parent
A super-ordinate task (such as a workflow that is used to process the task).
partially qualified file transfer
File transfers that use wildcard characters in order to transfer several files (as opposed to fully
qualified file transfers).
password
A secret combination of characters for a Automation Engine user.
period container
Controls the execution of periodical tasks.
predefined variables
Fixed variables that can be used in the attributes or the script of executable objects. The values
refer to the object or the system.
primary work process
It is responsible for the execution of Automation Engine-internal tasks and work processes.
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privileges
Privileges in the Automation Engine refer to user rights to work with certain frontend and user
interface functions. You grant privileges to users in the Automation Engine.
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Queue Run
A Queue Run is the resulting entity, when a queue is started and the contained workflows are being
executed.
queue
A particular Automation Engine (AE) object type. In AE, a queue determines the maximum number
of concurrent tasks, their priorities and the order in which tasks should be executed. In ARA,
queues are containers for workflow executions that should be executed at a certain time one after
another.
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RA Solution
A solution that is based on the Rapid Automation Technology that allows the Automation Engine
(AE) to access an external system / application / platform. The RA Solution is supplied as a JAR
file that must be loaded into the AE Database and connected with an RA Agent. The specific RA
objects (such as Jobs, Connections, Agent) are available in the AE system as soon as the solution
has been loaded.
Release Orchestrator
The Application Release Automation is split into the two products Release Orchestrator and
Deployment Manager. The Release Orchestrator can be used to manage release plans and release
content for single or multiple application releases etc.
RemoteTaskManager
It monitors and controls external Jobs that were not started by the Automation Engine (AE). A
particular AE object type.
RichClient
Deprecated Term. Replaced by: UserInterface
RunID
Short for "run number". It is a number that provides unique information about a task's execution.
The RunID can include 7 to 10 digits. It is assigned by the Automation Engine component .
read access
Users which are not owner of an entity may still see it in the UI if they have read access rights on
this entity.
recurring tasks
These tasks are scheduled without using a Schedule object and mostly consist of a period that is
less than a day.
registered
This is the status of a task that runs within a group and is waiting for its start.
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release
Releases combine a set of activities and a set of packages as well as other release artifacts under
a timeline (a plan including milestones and phases), which can be planned, baselined and tracked.
release notes
Release Notes contain information about highlights, new functions, improvements, and corrections
for various versions and releases of the Automic product family.
report
A report provides more detailed information about a task's execution or a component.
rerun
After you rollback part(s) of a workflow, we'll provide the ability to re-run, i.e. to start from those
tasks that have been successfully rolled back or not yet executed.
restart
A restart refers to the repetition of an object's execution. This action differs from a new start in
some parts.
result column
The first column of dynamic Variable objects with the sources "SQL", "SQL-internal" and "Multi".
The content of this column can be defined with Result format.
return code
The value that represents the result of tasks and script functions.
rollback scope
The scope of a workflow to roll back. For a rollback on a job the scope is this single task while for a
rollback on a workflow the scope is this workflow and all sub-workflows in arbitrary depth.
rollout
The rollout of a release to an environment which can span multiple activities (both manual and
deployment activities).
runtime
The duration of a task's execution. It refers to the period between a task's start and end. It does not
include its activation period (see also: activation and start).
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Schedule Monitor
Graphical view of the execution of Schedule objects.
Schedule object
It starts executable objects periodically. A particular Automation Engine object type.
Service Manager
The Service Manager serves to start, stop and access components such as the Automation Engine
processes or agents from a central point.
ServiceManager
A program that facilitates the starts and stops of Automation Engine components.
Sync Monitor
Window which contains the state of a Sync object and the assigned tasks.
Sync object
It synchronizes executable objects based on defined states and actions. A particular Automation
Engine object type.
System Overview
The UserInterface window that contains information about the Automation Engine system.
script
A particular Automation Engine object type.
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script variable
A placeholder for a value within a script.
server process
The core of the component Automation Engine. Different types are available: communication, work
and dialog processes, as well as nonstop processes.
stage plan
The release plan, contains several stages and milestones
state
The state a package or a task currently is in.
static variables
A Variable object with the setting "Source" - "Static": Variable values are entered by a user or with a
script and remain stored in the object.
statistics
This is a list of a task's previous runs.
status
This represents the condition of a task (such as active, blocked, generating).
sub-workflow
A workflow that is part of a different workflow.
superordinate task
There are various ways of activating objects. The originator of the activation is referred to as the
superordinate task (parent).
system name
Name of the Automation Engine instance to which a user is connected.
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TNS name
A TNS name is used to establish a connection from a client to an Oracle database server using the
Local Naming service. Configured in the TNSnames.ora file.
task
An executable object that is running. Tasks are also referred to as activities.
template activity
A template of an activity used inside an activity template.
templates
Pre-defined 'workflows' for specific components/tasks, e.g. Tomcat, SubVersion.
time zone
It defines a local time. A particular Automation Engine object type.
token
A token is used for authentication within a session between a client and a server. A (soft) token is a
unique identifier which is generated and sent from a central server to a client software. The client
uses the token to authenticate each request.
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UC4 Automation Engine
Deprecated Term.
UC4 Deployment Manager
Deprecated Term. Replaced by: Deployment Manager
UC4 Release Manager
Deprecated Term. Replaced by: Application Release Automation
Universal Time Coordinated
Internally, the Automation Engine uses UTC (Universal Time Coordinated) because UTC is the
international time standard and is always precise. Nevertheless, TimeZone objects are available
that can be used to show local times in tasks and script elements.
UserInterface
This is the Automation Engine's graphical user interface.
user
In the Automation Engine, a user is an instance of a User object, and generally the user is a specific
person who works with Automic products. The User object is assigned a user ID and then a set of
access rights to various parts of the Automation Engine system and product suite. These access
rights come in the form of Automation Engine authorizations and privileges, Decision user roles and
EventBase rights and ARA web application object rights. You can manage all these centrally in the
ECC user management functions. See also, Unified user management.
user group
A group of users who have a common profile of rights. A particular object type in the Automation
Engine.User groups are an organizing construct to help you better manage users because you can
grant user groups access rights the same way that you grant various access rights to a single user.
All users in the user group are automatically given those access rights. This makes managing users
not only more efficient but also more secure because working with user groups gives you a better
overview of what rights are assigned.
user name
Name of the Automation Engine user.
user/team
A user can login to the web UI. A user may be part of zero or more teams. A team can hold zero or
more users.
utilities
Utilities support the execution of administrative tasks in an Automation Engine system (such as
reorganizing and archiving the Automation Engine database).
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Version Management
This refers to an object version that is stored when you have modified the object.
vSphere
vSphere is a virtualization platform for building cloud infrastructures by VMware.
variable
It stores or retrieves values dynamically at runtime. An individual Automation Engine object type.
versions
An application version holds zero or more deployment packages and may have dependencies to
zero or more application versions of the same (or to different) applications
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WebHelp
One of the help formats that are provided for manuals. You open it with a Web browser.
WebInterface
An Automation Engine user interface that can be called via a Web browser.
Workflow Editor
You use it to add, arrange, link, define the properties and remove the tasks of a workflow. It is
available in the Main Pane of the Process Assembly perspective (definition).
web application
A web application is an application that is accessible over a network (Internet or intranet) and is
typically coded in a programming language like Java or JavaScript, combined with a markup
language like HTML. Web applications are provided on web servers and web browsers are used as
GUI on client computers.
widget
May show delayed activities, delayed milestones etc. inside a dashboard. A Analytic widget holds
a chart that presents some aspect of the performance of an AE system.
wildcard characters
These are placeholders for characters when you specify filters. ? stands for exactly one character, *
for any number of characters.
work process
A part of the component Automation Engine. It is responsible for an Automation Engine system's
processes (see also 'Primary work process').
workflow
An object of the Automation Engine that can include several executable objects and runs them in a
certain order.
workflow
A workflow orchestrates the individual steps required within the release automation processes
across the involved components.
workflow execution
An execution is an instance of a workflow. It can be monitored and controlled using the workflow
monitor.
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XML file
A format for imports and exports. An XML file contains object structures.