Annual Report to the Washington State Legislature on Tires May 2011 Publication No. 11-07-013 Publication and Contact Information This report is available on the Department of Ecology’s website at www.ecy.wa.gov/biblio/1107013.html. For more information contact: Waste 2 Resources Program P.O. Box 47600 Olympia, WA 98504-7600 Phone: 360-407-6900 Washington State Department of Ecology - www.ecy.wa.gov o o o o o Headquarters, Olympia Northwest Regional Office, Bellevue Southwest Regional Office, Olympia Central Regional Office, Yakima Eastern Regional Office, Spokane 360-407-6000 425-649-7000 360-407-6300 509-575-2490 509-329-3400 If you need this document in a format for the visually impaired, call the Waste 2 Resources Program at 360-407-6900. Persons with hearing loss can call 711 for Washington Relay Service. Persons with a speech disability can call 877-833-6341. Annual Report to the Washington State Legislature on Tires by Kara Steward Waste 2 Resources Program Washington State Department of Ecology Olympia, Washington This page is purposely left blank Table of Contents Executive Summary ............................................................................................................................. 1 Tire Recycling and Reuse - 2009 ......................................................................................................... 2 Annual Tire Generation, Recycling and Reuse Details .................................................................... 3 Baled Tires ................................................................................................................................... 3 Landfill Disposal .......................................................................................................................... 3 Recycled Tires .............................................................................................................................. 3 Retreaded Tires ............................................................................................................................ 3 Tire-Derived Fuel ......................................................................................................................... 4 Generation of Waste Tires............................................................................................................ 4 Waste Tire Pile Cleanups 2007-10 ....................................................................................................... 5 Tire Pile Cleanup Status ................................................................................................................... 5 Annual Averages for Tire Pile Cleanups .......................................................................................... 7 Recycling and Reuse of Tire Pile Cleanup Tires ............................................................................. 8 Waste Tire Pile Prevention Program .................................................................................................... 9 New Unauthorized Waste Tire Piles ................................................................................................ 9 Authorized Waste Tire Storage and Hauling ................................................................................. 10 Waste Tire Removal Account Funding Status ............................................................................... 11 Waste Tire Program Needs Assessment......................................................................................... 12 Tire Program Recommendations .................................................................................................... 13 Background on Waste Tire Pile Cleanups 1989 - 1998 ................................................................. 15 List of Figures, Maps & Tables Page Figure 2.1 -- Final Use of Cleanup Tires ............................................................................................. 8 Map 2.1 -- Completed Tire Pile Cleanups in Washington 2007-10 ..................................................... 7 Table 1.1 -- Summary of Annual Tire Generation, Recycling and Reuse ........................................... 2 Table 2.1 -- Tire Pile Cleanups 2007-10 .............................................................................................. 6 Table 2.2 -- Summary of Completed Tire Pile Cleanups by Calendar Year ........................................ 7 Table 3.1 -- Locally Funded Tire Efforts 2010 .................................................................................... 9 Table 3.2 -- Identified Waste Tire Piles ............................................................................................. 10 Table 3.3 -- Licensed Waste Tire Storage and Haulers ...................................................................... 11 Table 3.4 -- Waste Tire Removal Revenue and Expenditures – All Agencies .................................. 12 Table 3.5 -- Waste Tire Removal Account Appropriations and Expenditures – Ecology Only ........ 12 Table 3.6 -- Needs Assessment – Tire Project Applications .............................................................. 13 Table 3.7 -- Tire Pile Cleanup 1990-98 .............................................................................................. 15 Executive Summary The Washington State Department of Ecology’s Waste 2 Resources Program has issued the Annual Report to the Washington State Legislature on Tires since 2002. The Revised Code of Washington (RCW) 70.95.545 requires Ecology to report the increase or reduction in tire recycling and reuse rates in the state. The first section of this report tracks changes in those rates from 2002-09. The data provides overall and annual snapshots of tire recycling and reuse in Washington. Comparisons of 2008 to 2009 totals include an increase in tire reuse (baled, retreaded, and used for fuel) from 21 percent of the annual total to 29 percent. The percentage of tires landfilled remained unchanged at 31 percent for each year. Tire recycling decreased slightly in 2009 compared to 2008, from 47 percent of the annual total to 39 percent. RCW 70.95.530 requires Ecology to report on waste tire pile cleanup. As the second section of this report explains, Ecology’s Waste Tire Cleanup Program funded seven cleanup contracts from May 2007 to September 2010. These efforts removed more than 5 million tires from 175 waste tire piles from 30 counties across the state. Ecology spent $9.5 million in Waste Tire Removal Account funds and recycled more than 80 percent of tires. In addition, RCW 70.95.530 requires Ecology to report on: Tire pile prevention. Newly identified unauthorized tire piles. Licensed waste tire piles and transporters. Waste Tire Removal Account status. The RCW also requires Ecology to provide a program needs assessment and recommendations. The third section of this document details local tire enforcement efforts funded with the Waste Tire Removal Account. This section also lists known waste tire piles and licensed tire transporters. The status of the Waste Tire Removal Account fund is provided through the end of 2010. Demand for these funds from local governments is detailed, identifying the need for the program. Ecology recommends continued allocation of $1 million per biennium. Ecology will use this funding for new and continued waste tire pile prevention efforts at the local level. Publication 11-07-013 1 Annual Tires Report Tire Recycling and Reuse - 2009 Each year the Washington State Department of Ecology collects data on tire recycling and reuse (RCW 70.95.545). This annual report summarizes the increase or reduction in the rates of recycling and reuse since 2002. The Legislature received Ecology’s first Scrap Tire Report in 2002. “The department of ecology, in conjunction with the appropriate private sector stakeholders, shall track and report annually to the legislature the total increase or reduction of tire recycling or reuse rates in the state for each calendar year and for the cumulative calendar years from June 13, 2002.” RCW 70.95.545 Recycling, reuse, disposal and generation data in this section come from various sources: Annual disposal reports from landfills, transfer stations, drop boxes, tire haulers, tire businesses and tire storage sites. Reports and survey responses from recycling facilities. Tire cleanup program tracking data. Vehicle registration data used to estimate waste tire generation. Table 1.1 provides recycling, reuse, disposal and generation data from 2002-09. The totals include Ecology Tire Pile Cleanup Program efforts from May 2007 to September 2010. In 2009, the tire pile cleanup program removed more than 11,607 tons of tires from legacy scrap piles (92 percent recycled or reused – see Table 2.2). Section 2 of this report details the tire pile cleanup efforts through November 2010 (page 5). Here are overall trends for 2008-09: Increase in reuse of tires (baled, retreaded, and tire derived fuel) from 21 percent of the 2008 total, to 29 percent of the 2009 total reported. Landfilling remained unchanged at 31 percent of each annual total. Recycling decreased from 47 percent of the annual 2008 total to 39 percent in 2009. Table 1.1 Summary of Annual Tire Generation, Recycling and Reuse 2002 Tons 2003 Tons 2004 Tons 2005 Tons 2006 Tons 2007 Tons 2008 Tons 2009 Tons Baled Tires* Landfill Disposal Recycled Tires Retreaded Tires Tire Derived Fuel 21,273 27,102 1,170 2,817 22,226 27,753 12,976 9,664 15,246 37,568 251 15,400 22,446 46,483 4,089 5,167 7,702 33,697 23,532 5,579 9,250 9,660 50,703 27,869 4,764 16,735 5,912 26,590 40,124 3,829 8,440 9,672 28,834 35,439 6,164 10,725 Total Reported Difference between reported and generated Generation** 52,362 72,619 68,465 78,185 79,760 109,731 84,895 90,895 28,626 11,267 12,301 5,707 5,594 -22,753 2,488 -3,845 80,988 83,886 80,766 83,892 85,354 86,978 87,383 87,050 Used/Waste Tires * Baled tires are not reported for 2002-05 ** Based on number of vehicles registered in Washington Publication 11-07-013 2 Annual Tires Report Annual Tire Generation, Recycling and Reuse Details Following are more detailed descriptions for each category shown in Table 1.1. Baled Tires Recycling reports have separated out tire bales used in construction since 2006. A tire bale contains about 100 passenger tires compressed into a block wrapped with galvanized steel bands. Tire bales can take the place of other fill materials at some construction sites. Tire bales can be used in road base, noise reduction walls, erosion control, firing ranges and racetrack walls. In 2009, construction projects used 9,672 tons of tire bales, a 64 percent increase from 2008. Landfill Disposal Tires are a problem in landfills because they are difficult to compact and do not decompose easily. Tires take up valuable landfill space. Over time whole tires can float to the top, working their way up through waste and soil. Tires disposed of in landfills are usually shredded or at least cut in half before disposal. In 2009, landfilled tires included 28,834 tons of tires, an 8 percent increase from 2008. Totals from 2007 to 2010 include Ecology tire pile cleanup efforts, which occurred from May 2007 to November 2010. Recycled Tires Tires can be recycled by grinding up the rubber and remolding it for other purposes. Some uses of ground rubber include groundcover under playground equipment, running track material, and components of sports and playing fields. Tires can also be cut, punched or stamped into various rubber products, including floor mats, belts, gaskets, shoe soles, dock bumpers, seals, muffler hangers, shims and washers. The ground rubber product market has shown the greatest growth in recycled tire materials. However, the conversion to synthetic field turfs for football, soccer and other playing surfaces will be limited by the finite number of athletic fields. The cut, punched and stamped rubber products market is limited to tires that do not have steel belts, known as “bias-ply” tires. There is a limited supply of bias-ply tires available for this market. The amount of tires reported as recycled is based on tire business reports and recycling facility surveys. During the first few years of collecting these reports, we found that some businesses included retreaded tires as recycled. That may be the reason for the high recycling totals reported in 2004 and 2005. In 2009, recycled tires used 35,439 tons of tires, a 12 percent decrease from 2008. Retreaded Tires Retreaded tires contain up to 75 percent recycled content. Manufacturing one new truck tire takes 22 gallons of oil. Most of the oil is found in the casing. The retreading process places a new tread on the old tire casing. As a result, it takes only seven gallons of oil to produce a retread. Publication 11-07-013 3 Annual Tires Report Reported tire retread data show retreading varied greatly between 2002 and 2006. During the early years, some businesses combined several categories together in their reports to Ecology. The spike in 2003 was because some tire companies combined some recycled and retreaded tires into the retread category. Then in 2004, some tire company reports included retreaded tires in the recycled category. The retread data shown after 2005 provide a more reliable data trend. In 2009, there were 6,164 tons of retreaded tires, a 61 percent increase from 2008. Tire-Derived Fuel Because of their high heating value, waste tires make good fuel. Tire-derived fuel (TDF) can provide up to 15,000 British thermal units (BTUs) per pound, which is more than coal, oil or wood. Burning waste tires is not recycling (under the state’s definition), but we consider it a higher use than landfilling. Tires serve as fuel either shredded or whole, depending on the type of conveyor or combustion device. In Washington, only one cement kiln currently uses whole tires as fuel. The high BTUs provided by tires allow a cement plant to reduce use of other fuel sources, which results in cost savings. Cement kilns operate at very high temperatures (around 2,600°F) and have long residence times. This results in complete combustion of the tires. The metal in the steel belted tires combines with the cement product. Compared to coal, use of tires in cement kilns has been reported to lower some nitrogen oxide emissions. Most operations that use TDF have tires delivered and stored onsite in trailers. Those tires are delivered directly into the combustion device from the trailer. This eliminates outdoor storage of tires in any kind of pile. Outdoor tire storage requires a storage and handling plan, permits for all applicable state and federal environmental programs, and compliance with all the permit requirements. In 2009, use of TDF included 10,725 tons of tires, a 27 percent increase from 2008. The increase in demand for TDF in 2009 is due to overseas market demand from Japan, China, Korea, and Vietnam. Generation of Waste Tires In Washington, we base the annual generation of used tires on the number and types of vehicles licensed in the state, using data from the Washington Department of Licensing in Report 07 - Motor Vehicle Transactions by Class. The national average is one used tire a year from each passenger vehicle. The national average for other vehicles such as trucks, trailers or motorcycles is less than one, ranging from 0.25 to 0.4 used tires a year. We applied these percentages to the number of vehicle types registered to estimate the total number of used tires generated. The 6.9 million vehicles licensed in Washington in 2009 generated more than 5 million used tires. Based on average vehicle tire weights, that number of tires equals 87,050 tons of waste tires generated in 2009, which is not a significant change from 2008 (less than 1 percent decrease). Publication 11-07-013 4 Annual Tires Report Waste Tire Pile Cleanups 2007-10 In 2005, the Washington State Legislature passed Substitute House Bill (SHB) 2085, creating the Waste Tire Removal Account (08R) to fund cleanup of unauthorized, unlicensed tire piles. Funds for this account come from a $1 fee charged on each new replacement tire sold in Washington. The 2009 Legislature removed the sunset on this fee and allocated an annual budget of $500,000 to Ecology (Senate Bill 5796). The balance of the account transfers to the Washington State Department of Transportation’s Motor Vehicle Account on September 1 of odd numbered years. The following subsections report on the information requested in RCW 70.95.530 (see highlighted text in box). Chapter 70.95.530 RCW states (emphasis added): “ On September 1st of even-numbered years, the department of ecology shall provide a report to the house [of representatives] and senate transportation committees on the progress being made on the cleanup of unauthorized waste tire piles in the state and efforts underway to prevent the formation of future unauthorized waste tire piles. The report must detail any additional unauthorized waste tire piles discovered since the last report and present a plan to clean up these new unauthorized waste tire piles if they have not already done so, as well as include a listing of authorized waste tire piles and transporters. The report must also include the status of funds available to the program and a needs assessment of the program. On September 1, 2010, the department shall also make recommendations to the committees for an ongoing program to prevent the formation of future unauthorized waste tire piles. Such a program, if required, must include joint efforts with local governments and the tire industry.” Tire Pile Cleanup Status The Waste Tire Removal Account funded seven cleanup contracts starting in May 2007 through September 2010. These contract efforts removed more than 5 million tires from 175 waste tire piles in 30 counties across the state (1 ton of tires is about 100 passenger tires). These removal efforts took nearly 5.5 million tires from piles to reuse or disposal. Common recycling and reuse of waste tire materials includes crumb rubber, stamped rubber bumpers, tire rings, fuel for cement kilns and scrap steel (wheel rims). These tire pile removals include all the remaining unauthorized tire piles identified in the 2005 Report to the Legislature (Ecology Publication 507043). Table 2.1 provides a summary listed by county of the completed tire removals using the Waste Tire Removal Account funding. The cost of all removals, total tons removed, and amount of tires recycled are listed in the table. Map 2.1 shows approximate locations of these tire cleanup efforts, including one dot for the 14 sites located in and around Goldendale (Klickitat County). The cost of tire pile cleanup averaged $172 per ton (approximately $1.72 per tire) across all 175 pile removals. Publication 11-07-013 5 Annual Tires Report Table 2.1 Tire Pile Cleanups 2007-10 County Adams Benton Chelan Clallam Clark Cowlitz Franklin Grant Grays Harbor Island Jefferson King Kitsap Kittitas Klickitat Lewis Lincoln Mason Okanogan Pend Oreille Pierce Skagit Snohomish Spokane Stevens Thurston Walla Walla Whatcom Whitman Yakima TOTAL Publication 11-07-013 Sites Tons 1 8 4 7 3 5 5 14 11 1 7 11 2 6 17 13 7 6 2 3 8 1 4 5 1 5 3 4 1 10 175 213 1,044 814 1,321 742 331 1,293 2,636 1,620 43 1,046 2,233 249 965 21,489 6,390 747 1,303 557 213 823 62 486 1,399 97 1,225 415 237 278 4,560 54,832 6 Cost $ 51,659 $ 227,252 $ 188,400 $ 368,883 $ 144,209 $ 70,011 $ 326,819 $ 707,921 $ 289,573 $ 7,852 $ 221,390 $ 418,061 $ 42,630 $ 242,169 $ 2,464,005 $ 1,036,278 $ 236,396 $ 237,354 $ 157,635 $ 26,693 $ 158,789 $ 13,154 $ 127,258 $ 277,789 $ 23,367 $ 244,165 $ 105,445 $ 61,784 $ 50,652 $ 921,052 $ 9,448,644 % Recycled 100% 84% 72% 78% 94% 93% 91% 78% 92% 100% 78% 91% 99% 100% 13% 39% 92% 97% 99% 98% 95% 91% 92% 100% 100% 97% 88% 73% 66% 20% 84% Annual Tires Report Map 2.1 Completed Tire Pile Cleanups in Washington 2007-10 Annual Averages for Tire Pile Cleanups Table 2.2 provides a breakdown by year for cleanup activities listed in Table 2.1. The high cost per site experienced in 2007 is due to several very large cleanups conducted at the start of the program. The largest tire pile cleanup was at the Goldendale tire pile which contained more than two million tires. More than 200,000 tires were removed from each site at the Pumphouse Road, Petty and Napavine cleanups. Excluding those four large cleanup efforts, tire pile size across the state averaged 15,600 tires with a median size of 9,000 tires. Table 2.2 Summary of Completed Tire Pile Cleanups by Calendar Year (1 ton of tires = 100 passenger tires) Year Sites Recycled or Reused 32,671 55% Tons $4,300,079 Average Cost/site $165,388 Average Cost/ton $132 Total Cost 2007 26 2008 53 8,324 86% $1,933,954 $ 36,490 $232 2009 82 11,607 92% $2,615,801 $ 31,900 $225 2010 14 2,230 80% $ 598,810 $ 42,774 $269 Total 175 54,832 > 80% $9,448,664 $ 53,992 $172 Publication 11-07-013 7 Annual Tires Report Recycling and Reuse of Tire Pile Cleanup Tires Figure 2.1 shows recycling, reuse and landfilling of cleanup program tires all cleanups completed between 2007 and 2010. The first column in the graphic shows the ultimate use or disposal of all tires collected during the four-year cleanup efforts. A higher proportion of tires were landfilled during the 2007 cleanups (79 percent), shown in the second column. The third column represents the last 3 years of cleanup work (2008-10), and shows the lower percentage of landfilled tires (12 percent). Figure 2.1 Final Use of Cleanup Tires 100% 3% 2% 90% Percentage of Cleanup Tires 80% 1% 5% 28% 70% 61% 60% 79% 50% 40% 52% 12% 30% 20% 10% 25% 18% 13% 0% 2007-2010: 175 sites 54,381 tons Recycled Publication 11-07-013 2007: 26 sites 32,670 tons Landfilled Fuel use 8 2008-10: 149 sites 22,161 tons Civil Eng use Annual Tires Report Waste Tire Pile Prevention Program In May 2010, Ecology allocated funding not committed to cleanup contracts to local waste tire efforts. Waste tire pile prevention activities were the priority for these local efforts. Individual agreements are in place with the 16 public entities listed in Table 3.1. One project does not have a tire pile prevention or removal focus: Washington State University’s proposal to do a literature review and feasibility study of tire shred use in civil engineering projects. Requests for funding usually involve hosting local amnesty events for private citizens and providing education for proper waste tire management. Several counties are offering selected property owners vouchers for free tire drop-off and providing followup enforcement. One county will conduct enforcement visits at Ecology funded cleanup sites to confirm proper waste tire management. Table 3.1 Locally Funded Tire Efforts 2010 Organization Colville Confederated Tribe Jefferson County Health Benton County Mosquito Control Lewis County Solid Waste Kitsap County Solid Waste Skagit County Public Health Snohomish County Solid Waste WSU Civil Engineering Whitman County Solid Waste King County Solid Waste Grays Harbor County Health Spokane Tribe Moses Lake Irrigation District Walla Walla City/County Whatcom County Health Mason County Health Total Expected Cost Cost Prevention $ 78,625 10,350 4,187 4,085 42,566 10,000 18,208 18,800 9,300 4,500 13,225 5,000 1,500 11,020 25,020 5,000 $ 261,386 Removal Education X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X New Unauthorized Waste Tire Piles Table 3.2 contains Ecology’s list of currently identified waste tire piles in Washington. This list includes sites identified by private property owners inquiring about tire removal funding from Ecology. Some of these property owners may have already removed the tires. Some of the sites could be included in local tire efforts at the discretion of the public entity applying for the funding. For example, one unauthorized tire pile identified in 2009 (Quinault community tire pile) is currently included in the Grays Harbor County Health local project funded by the Waste Tire Removal Account. Publication 11-07-013 9 Annual Tires Report Table 3.2 Identified Waste Tire Piles Site Name Welch tire pile Nelson tire pile Bellamy tire pile Beach cleanup Cole tire pile Ackerman tire pile Constantine tire pile Matchett tire pile Ethel tire pile Centralia tire pile King tire pile Stolen tire pile Anderson tire pile Graham tire pile NE Tri-County Site Scamhorn tire pile Sundland Bark & Topsoil Qualco Energy Hendrickson tire pile Stella tire pile Nisqually Land Trust Rents tire pile Chapman tire pile Filan tire pile Yakima Training Center County Clallam Clallam Grant Grays Harbor Grays Harbor Jefferson King Lewis Lewis Lewis Lincoln Mason Pacific Pend Oreille Pend Oreille Pierce Skagit Snohomish Snohomish Spokane Thurston Thurston Thurston Walla Walla Yakima City Agnew Forks Moses Lake Aberdeen Oakville Quilcene Ravensdale Glenoma Ethel Centralia Davenport Shelton Long Beach Newport Newport Buckley Anacortes Monroe Snohomish Elk Nisqually Olympia Tumwater Walla Walla Yakima Authorized Waste Tire Storage and Hauling There is one authorized waste tire storage site in Washington. The operation has a solid waste handling permit from Skagit County Health Department. The permit limits storage at a maximum of 10,000 tire bales on the property. The operation also has a waste tire storage license and posted financial assurance sufficient to pay for removal of all collected tires by a third party. There are 13 waste tire haulers licensed to operate in Washington (Table 3.3). Each of these operations obtained a waste tire carrier license from the Department of Licensing and also posted a $10,000 bond. Businesses that use company owned vehicles to transport their own waste tires for the purposes of disposal, retreading or recycling are not required to obtain a waste tire carrier license (WAC 173-350-350). Publication 11-07-013 10 Annual Tires Report Table 3.3 Licensed Waste Tire Storage and Haulers Waste Tire Storage *UBI Number License Expires 297 004 683 601 222 460 3/31/2011 1/31/2011 Waste Tire Haulers UBI Number License Expires Enviro-Tire Inc. Kalispell, MT L&S Tire Company Spokane, WA Lakin Tire West Inc Santa Fe Springs, CA Larry’s Auto & Truck Parts, Inc. Burlington, WA Los Gavilones, Vancouver, WA Rubber Granulators, Marysville, WA The Tire Depot, Polson, MT Tire Disposal & Recycling, Inc. Seattle, WA Tire Disposal Co, Inc. Molalla, OR Tire Dogs, Inc. Lacey, WA Tire Shredders, Inc. Goldendale, WA Washington Used Tire and Wheel, Inc. Puyallup, WA 602 879 404 601 988 813 600 341 245 297 004 683 602 433 710 600 316 292 602 845 744 601 911 765 601 181 257 602 241 368 601 222 460 601 312 013 11/30/2010 10/31/2010 6/30/2011 3/31/2011 10/30/2010 4/30/2011 4/30/2011 11/30/2009 5/31/2011 10/31/2010 1/31/2011 4/30/2011 Larry’s Auto & Truck Parts, Inc. Burlington, WA Tire Shredders, Inc. Goldendale, WA *UBI –Unified Business Identifier Waste Tire Removal Account Funding Status A $1 fee on the sale of new replacement tires funds the Waste Tire Removal Account (Fund 08R). Tire retailers started collecting the fee on July 1, 2005 (Fiscal Year 2006 is July 1, 2005 to June 30, 2006). The tire fee is not collected on the sale of tires to the federal government that are exempt from sales tax; sale of tires delivered to enrolled tribal members living on recognized Native American reservations; or sale of retreaded vehicle tires, or tires provided free of charge under the terms of a recall or a warranty service (WAC 458-20-272). If a customer returns a tire and refunded the entire selling price, the $1 tire fee is refundable as well. Table 3.4 provides details on the fee collection, expenditures and transfers. Expenses by the Department of Revenue relate to setup and oversight of the fee collection. Ecology’s expenses include management of tire pile cleanups, funding of local tire projects, outreach and education for proper waste tire management, and technical assistance to businesses and local government. The table shows funds transferred in 2009 to the Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT) “. . . motor vehicle account for the purpose of road wear related maintenance on state and local public highways . . .” (RCW 70.95.532). The table provides a cumulative account balance for each fiscal year and shows the fund status at the end of Fiscal Year 2010. Publication 11-07-013 11 Annual Tires Report Table 3.4 Waste Tire Removal Revenue and Expenditures – All Agencies Actual Expenditures Transfer to WSDOT Tire Fee Account Balance Fiscal Year Tire Fee Collection 2006 $ 3,193,007 $ 202,405 -0- $2,990,602 2007 3,789,059 685,474 -0- 6,094,187 2008 3,802,147 4,521,302 -0- 5,375,032 2009 3,602,051 2,716,345 $5,600,000 660,738 2010 3,631,646 1,639,451 169,827 2,483,106 Total $18,017,910 $9,764,977 $5,769,827 $2,483,106 Table 3.5 details Waste Tire Removal Account revenue, expenditures and ending fund balance for each fiscal year. The Legislature authorizes Ecology’s appropriation biennially. Expenditures are supported by revenue from the waste tire removal fee. Unspent appropriations at the end of each biennium (odd numbered years) are reappropriated into the ensuing biennium per legislative authority. Ecology’s fund balance at the end of Fiscal Year 2010 (June 30, 2010) totaled $544,926. Ecology continues to use the biennial appropriation of $1 million to fund local tire projects (RCW 70.95.532). Table 3.5 Waste Tire Removal Account Appropriations and Expenditures – Ecology Only Fiscal Year 2006 2007 2008 2009 Capital Appropriation Actual Expenditures $4,000,000 -05,000,000 -0- Appropriation Balance $ 35,057 $3,964,943 665,774 3,299,169 4,520,302 3,778,867 2,715,345 1,063,522 2010 1,000,000 1,638,451 425,071 Total $10,000,000 $9,574,929 $ 425,071 Waste Tire Program Needs Assessment In 2010, Ecology inquired local governments and other public entities about the need for funding tire projects that prevent accumulation of tire piles. Available funding in 2010 was limited to the balance remaining after completion of the final tire pile cleanup contract. Requests for funding from public entities exceeded the available $260,000. Additional requests for consideration of waste tire projects were received at Ecology after the 2010 funds were fully committed. These unfunded requests represent future needs for waste tire program funding. Publication 11-07-013 12 Annual Tires Report The 16 organizations that received funding in 2010 (refer to Table 3.1) represent a small fraction of the nearly 500 organizations in the state that could apply for this funding. Ecology collaborated with counties, cities, tribes, districts, and universities for the 2010 funding efforts. Future tire funding allocation will continue into the next biennium for public entities to complete local waste tire projects. The initial tire funding effort in 2010 supported a very limited number of the public project across the state: only 16 of the nearly 500 public entities (about 3 percent). There are 39 counties; 281 cities and towns; 30 federally recognized tribes; 41 universities and community colleges; and 96 other districts (conservation, irrigation and mosquito control) that qualify for Ecology funded tire projects. It is safe to assume there are many more local governments with needs for tire funding (refer to the unfunded projects in Table 3.6). There is definitely an ongoing need to provide funds to local government for similar waste tire pile prevention efforts. Ecology tire funding ($1 million biennially) will continue to be allocated to local governments (and other public entities) for waste tire cleanup and prevention projects. Tire Program Recommendations Ecology recommends that the current allocation of $1 million per biennium continue. There is demand for this funding from local governments for waste tire cleanup and prevention projects. Projects using the 2010 funds are listed in Table 3.6. The other project requests included in Table 3.6 show the variety of projects across the state that could be funded in the 2011-13 Biennium. Table 3.6 Needs Assessment – Tire Project Applications Summary of Tire Project Applications 2010 Funded Applications Colville Confederated Tribe: $78,625 for removal of waste tires collected from tribal members during reservation cleanup. Jefferson County Health: $10,350 for a one-day weekend tire amnesty event for south county residents. Include outreach at solid waste complaint sites and roadside cleanup. Provide educational materials to all attendees for future proper tire management. Benton County Mosquito Control: $4,187 to support the 2011 Tire Drive for county residents to drop off tires for free. Removal of mosquito breeding habitat is a priority for Benton County. Lewis County Solid Waste: $4,085 to host a one-day east county tire collection event. This will provide support to the remote part of the county. Kitsap County Solid Waste: $42,556 to host a one-month tire collection effort. Residents of North Mason County are eligible for this effort. Skagit County Public Health: $10,000 for tire vouchers that waive landfill disposal fees for priority tire cleanups (determined by county staff). Followup enforcement efforts by staff. Snohomish County Solid Waste: $18,208 for two tire amnesty events; each resident limited to drop off 20 tires free of charge. WSU Civil Engineering: $18,800 to conduct a literature review for the feasibility of using shredded tire to substitute for granular materials in pavement construction. WSU has agreement from WSDOT that this information would be helpful for use of tire shreds in state highway projects. Whitman County Solid Waste: $9,300 for one tire collection event for county residents. Publication 11-07-013 13 Annual Tires Report Summary of Tire Project Applications King County Solid Waste: $4,500 for Community Cleanup Assistance Program vouchers that waive landfill disposal fees for two distinct groups: Victims of illegal dumping and those who are on a limited or fixed income (financial hardship). Code enforcement staff distributes the vouchers for tire cleanups. Grays Harbor County Health: $13,225 for multiple tire related efforts: tire amnesty events in Quinault and Aberdeen, followup enforcement for Ecology contracted tire removals, advertising and educational materials. Spokane Tribe: $5,000 for a 2010 tire cleanup project for reservation members in the eastern, central, and western areas. Moses Lake Irrigation District: $1,500 to pay for removal of tires embedded or resting along the Moses Lake shoreline. Walla Walla City/County: $11,020 for two tire amnesty events for residents of remote areas of Walla Walla County. Staff will conduct followup outreach efforts at illegal dumping areas. Whatcom County Health: $25,250 for an eastern county amnesty event in remote areas of the county to reduce illegal dumping issues. Mason County Health: $5,000 to remove tires collected during south sound beach cleanup efforts. Unfunded Requests in 2010 Asotin County Solid Waste: Construct a tire receiving facility at the landfill and reimburse the county for a tire abatement effort. Not funded to provide funding to more projects across the state. Reimbursement is not allowed for costs incurred. Lewis County Solid Waste: Cleanup of three unauthorized waste tire piles, located in Glenoma, Packwood, Ethel, and Centralia. Property owners are required to sign an agreement to properly manage waste tires. The tire cleanup efforts were not funded to allow for amnesty efforts. City of Olympia: Tire collection event. This funding was not allowed because it was to reimburse for costs incurred. Projects Identified but Not Submitted in Time for 2010 Funding City of Chelan: Support for tire removal efforts at the local publicly funded recycling operation. Clallam County: Enforcement of tire regulations at illegal auto recycling operation, coordinate with Washington State Patrol commercial vehicles division and county code enforcement Department of Natural Resources: Funding to support removal of scattered tires along public land Grays Harbor County Beach Removal: Removal of tires used along the ocean shore at Bottle Beach. Effort requires significant coordination prior to removal. Kittitas County: Draft new tire ordinance requirements. Klickitat County: Tire pile abatement, amnesty event, outreach and education. Lincoln County: Tire pile abatement - tires located in a streambed. Requires collaboration with multiple agencies for work in water. Mt. St. Helens Park Tire Removal: Collection and removal of scattered tires in the national park. Mason County: Tire amnesty event, outreach and education. Northeast Tri County (Stevens, Pend Oreille, Ferry): Tire pile abatement, amnesty event, outreach and education – also interest from Ferry Conservation District for tire removal. Pierce County: Tire amnesty event, outreach and education. Snohomish County Beach Removal: Removal of tires used along the ocean shore at Meyer Beach. Effort will require collaboration with the property owner as well as the Tulalip Tribe. Effort requires significant coordination prior to removal. Spokane County: Tire pile abatement, amnesty event, outreach and education. Tulalip Tribe: Removal of tires from the shoreline. WA Department of Natural Resources: Removal of tires from DNR land around the state. Publication 11-07-013 14 Annual Tires Report Summary of Tire Project Applications Washington State University: Continue to work with WSDOT on use of shredded tires in highway construction applications. Whatcom County Health: Removal of tires from along the Nooksack River embankment. Effort will require collaboration with the property owner as well as the Nooksack Tribe. This project was not organized in time for the 2010 funding period. Yakama Nation: Tire pile abatement, amnesty event, outreach and education. Background on Waste Tire Pile Cleanups 1989 - 1998 In 1989, the Washington State Legislature passed Substitute House Bill (SHB) 1671 (Sections 92 – 95) which established a $1 per tire fee on the retail sale of new vehicle tires for the Vehicle Tire Recycling Account (VTRA). This account provided approximately $14.4 million to clean up 34 unpermitted tire piles in 9 counties around Washington. Collection of the tire fee ended in 1994 and the account was fully spent in 1998 (Table 3.7). Table 3.7 Tire Pile Cleanup 1990-98 Year 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 Total Publication 11-07-013 # Sites 1 15 5 2 2 2 5 1 1 34 Estimated # of Tires 92,200 794,000 1,263,300 57,000 932,000 4,158,600 2,380,200 175,000 2,800,000 12,652,300 15 Cost $102,667 $1,816,894 $1,241,133 $65,394 $694,947 $4,114,859 $3,235,372 $310,200 $2,850,000 $14,431,466 Annual Tires Report
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