Value Added Chemicals and Materials
from Future Pulp Mill Biorefineries
Art J. Ragauskas
IPST, School of Chemistry and Biochemistry
Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA
[email protected]
Ragauskas Team
Lignin,
Lignin Cellulose,
Cellulose Hemicellulose,
Hemicellulose Extractives Chemistry
Pine, Spruce, Birch, Maple, Poplar, Eucalyptus, Acacia,
Global Partnerships
 Chemical/mechanical Pulping, Bleaching
 Fiber
Fib Modification,
M difi ti
C
Composites,
it
P
Packaging
k i
Biomass Characterization
Bi f l Nanocellulose
N
ll l
Biofuels,
 Xylan films/foams
 Biorefining
Bi
fi i
Today’s
Today
s Pulp Mill
Products:
• Pulp/Paper
• Extractives
• Power
Tommorow’s
Tommorow
s Pulp Mill Forest Biorefinery
Products
–
–
–
–
–
–
Pulp/Paper
Power
Nanocellulosics
Hemicellulose Films, Foams,
Lignin
Biofuels
Lignin carbon fibres
New Cellulosics
Microfibrillated cellulose
Nanocellulose Whiskers
100 nm
100
nm
Cellulosic Composites
Nanocellulose Balls
Crosslinked Nanocellulose
Lignin
SW
Current Pulp Mill: Mostly ends up in
cooking liquor and burned for energy and
recovery of cooking chemicals
New Lignin Applications
Cracking
g to Phenolics
Cracking & Hydrotreatment
to Green Diesel/Gasoline
Carbon Fibers
Activated Carbon
Polymers, Dispersants, Flocculants
Hemicellulose
OH
OH
O
O
RO
O
HO
OR O
O
O
OH
RO
O
O
RO
O
OR
OR
OH
O
OH
OH
HO
O
OH
OH
OH
HO
O
O
O
O
OH
O
O
O
HO
O
OH
HO
O
O
O
OH
HO
CH3O
Current Pulp Mill:
Mostly lost during pulping
COOH
O
O
OH
HOH
O 2C
OH
Hemicellulose from black liquor,
chips saw dust and forestry residues
chips,
Xylan Foams
g Aid for Paper
p
Strength
60
Tensile Index
55
50
45
40
Control
Birch
35
Oat Hulls
30
8.0%
8.5%
9.0%
9.5%
10.0%
10.5%
Xylan %
Xylan Films
Furfural
100 µm
100 µm
Ethanol from Forestry Residues
Green Gasoline/Diesel from Bark
Energy
 Ethanol
 FT-diesel
 Pyrolysis
oil: Diesel
Gasoline
Wood
Wood
Pellets
 Power
The Forest Biorefinery
Chemicals/Materials
 Fibers
 Cellulosic
Derivatives
 Nanocellulose
N
ll l
 Barriers Films
 Hydrogels
 Phenols
Ph
l
 Carbon fiber
 Binders
 Dispersants
 Activated
carbon
 Value-Added
Compounds