WEEK 23
Age of
Exploration
Vol. 15 Issue 4
Fourth Quarter
®
s-w.co/WH6-23
Let’s Explore!
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Age of Exploration
Life Aboard a Ship
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So Many Explorers!
Here are some famous explorers who contributed during
the Age of Exploration.
Portugal
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the southern tip of Africa, which he named the Cape of
Good Hope. The year was 1488.
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the voyage. Many of the crew died from thirst, scurvy and
hunger.
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voyage around Africa, landed instead in South America in
1500. He discovered the area we know as Brazil.
Spain
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DOOWKHZD\DURXQGWKH(DUWKLQWR1522. Sadly,
Magellan and much of his crew died in the Philippines
with the remainder of the crew completing the journey.
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his expedition, he convinced King Ferdinand and Queen
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the island of Hispaniola. To his dying day, Columbus was
convinced he’d reached Asia, not realizing he’d actually
discovered new lands for the people of Europe.
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for the fountain of youth. The settlement St. Augustine
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de Soto also made claims of North America for Spain.
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for Spain in 1513. American Indians helped him cut down
vegetation in the Panama forest to reach the South Sea.
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Navigation
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The Good and Bad of Exploration
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Henry the Navigator
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for Portugal’s dominance
during the Age of
Exploration was Prince
Henry the Navigator.
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was the son of King
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fascinated with geography,
trade and the riches of
Africa.
It may surprise you to
learn that Prince Henry
was not an explorer who
“sailed across the ocean blue, discovering lands for
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navigation in Sagres, Portugal. It was here where
sailors from all over the country learned mapmaking,
shipbuilding and methods of navigation. Prince Henry
also designed a new sailing vessel, the caravel, which
was of tremendous importance in sea exploration.
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no one had yet traveled past a dangerous area
of the Atlantic, Cape Bojador, located off the
coast of Africa. Sailors feared the area’s strong
currents and violent storms. People called the area
past this point the Sea of Darkness. Prince Henry
sponsored expeditions beyond Cape Bojador. It
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explorer, succeeded in sailing past Cape Bojador. He
successfully sailed to the area known as the Canary
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Why the interest? Prince Henry yearned to add to
the geographic knowledge of the time, especially
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Henry also wished to spread Christianity. Prince
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to see Portugal become the world’s leader in sea
exploration.
France
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made claims of much of the area of Canada for France.
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America to Asia. However, they mapped the land from
North Carolina to Newfoundland and traveled what we
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in the mid-1500s ended their involvement in the
Age of Exploration.
England
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northwest passage, a water route through
North America to India. Although they were
not successful in this effort, explorers did set up
colonies in the new world.
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England.
Holland
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Clockwise: John Cabot, Jacques Cartier, Ponce
de Leon, Christopher Columbus, Ferdinand
Magellan, Henry Hudson.
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Name ______________________________________
ACROSS
2. ship that revolutionized travel during the Age
of Exploration
6. to travel all the way around
8. Portuguese explorer sponsored by Spain who
tried to sail around the world
9. disease caused by lack of vitamin C
DOWN
1. something explorers wanted to buy in the
Indies
2. navigation instrument invented in the 1200s
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4. explorer who opened a school for sailors
5. native
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As you read this week’s lesson, circle or highlight
all proper nouns with any color pen or highlighter.
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answers and get ready for this week’s test.
A Ship that
Changed the World
The invention of
the automobile helped
change the world.
It enabled people
to get from place to
place much faster
than by horse and
buggy. During the
Age of Exploration,
a new type of ship
revolutionized sea
travel. It was called
the caravel (also spelled carvel). It replaced the large,
oar-driven galley ships that required lots of manpower.
The caravel quickly became the sailing vessel of choice
for many explorers, beginning in the 15th century.
Two of Christopher Columbus’ ships, the Pinta and
Niña, were caravels. Explorers such as Bartolomeu Diaz
and Vasco da Gama also chose to sail caravels. Why was
this ship so popular? First, it had two to three square
or triangular masts that could sail into, or against, the
wind. This made it a powerful, fast moving ship, about
twice the speed of the oar-driven galley ships. It also
required fewer men to operate, and with less crew,
labor was cheaper and there was more space left for
cargo.
The caravel could hold about 130 tons of supplies and
a crew of about 20. With a length of only 65 feet, the
caravel could sail upriver in more shallow waters without
problem. Easy to maneuver, lighter than other ships of
the time, the caravel was the ship that helped make the
Age of Exploration successful.
Ethics:
President Coolidge Rebuilds
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What are some characteristics
that an explorer during the Age of
Exploration might have needed to sail
in search of new sea trade routes to the Indies? Brainstorm a
list of different characteristics. Then, write a story pretending
to be an explorer during the Age of Exploration. Include at least
four facts you learned in this issue of World History Studies
Weekly and check your work for proper spelling, grammar and
punctuation.
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