Distributed Real-time Control (DRTC) Technologies for Green Infrastructure: What is Possible Now and Implications for Policy and Practice Marcus Quigley, P.E., D.WRE Principal, Brookline, MA Collaborators Overview • What is possible now? • Some examples  Based Real-Time Monitoring and Control    Advanced Rainwater Harvesting Smart Detention/Retention/Flood Control Retrofits Blue and Green Roofs: Active and Passive  Controlled Underdrain Bioretention DRTC Platform User Interface Web Services and User Dashboards Internet Based Weather Forecast or other internet data sources (Web service API) Azure Tables/Blobs Data Logging and Telemetry Solutions Field Monitoring and Control (Sensors, Gauges, and Actuators) OptiRTC Data Aggregator and Decision Space Rapid Deployment Field “Kits” With Wireless Sensors Alerts Email Tweet SMS Voice Autodial Technology Application: Advanced Rainwater Harvesting Systems Advanced Rainwater Harvesting System Concept  Goal: Storage for both effective wet weather control and on‐site use NC State Pilot – Dashboard (1-min refresh) System Behavior 9/17/2012 11:12 PM NC State Site - Hurricane Sandy NC State Site - Hurricane Sandy NC State Pilot Analysis of Monitoring Results  3.5 month period  Captured 90.6% of the total runoff volume.  Conventional rainwater harvesting system with same demand profile would have captured 48.7% of the total runoff volume TwinLibrary: Oaks Library Twin Oaks Austin, Controlled Release ValveTX Engine House #25: Design Chattanooga, TN Main Terrain Park Harvesting Retrofit Chattanooga, TN Main Terrain Park Harvesting Retrofit Technology Application: Smart Detention/Retention/Flood Control Retrofits Case Study: TX, Pond/Flood Control Retrofit  Outlet Control Structure Retrofit for Water Quality Enhancement  Balance Flood Control and Water Quality Dray Pond Retrofit Technology Application: Modeled Wetland Pond/water Feature Retrofits North Carolina Design ( collaboration with Bill Hunt) Depth Time Series and Average Hydraulic Residence Time for Passive Outlet Average Hydraulic Residence Time (hrs) 13 days Depth Time Series and Average Hydraulic Residence Time for Actively Controlled Outlet Average Hydraulic Residence Time (hrs) 24 days Technology Application: Controlled Underdrain Bioretention Case Study: Controlled Bioretention Underdrain Georgia  Retrofit of an existing bioretention system to improve water quality  Adaptive design to manage water flow‐through and retention  Control logic can change over time for continued optimization  System can be treated as a batch reactor where water is released once residence time thresholds are met Bioretention site rendering Controlled underdrain design  Maximize Infiltration, minimize bypass, and achieve water quality targets Technology Application: Active Porous Pavement Actively Controlled Porous Pavement City of Omaha, NE Controlplateheight isvariableand servesasoverflow whenclosed Control Box Pressure Transducer Actuator Slide Gate Trash Screen 24 ControlPlatewithActuatedSlideGate(Open) Case Study: Active Green Roof Pennsylvania  3,000 ft2 green roof installed on roof of corporate headquarters  Grass surface is used by client and must be irrigated  Green roof hydrology isn’t fully understood  Needs: Efficient irrigation system that maximizes stormwater storage availability and runoff control Green Roof Project Site Case Study: Active Green Roof Pennsylvania OptiRTC Installation  Irrigation system actuated based on real‐ time water levels in media  System integrates web‐based precipitation forecasts to drain roof in advance of a storm  Irrigation waste is significantly reduced Active Irrigation Valve Dashboard SAP Green Roof Closing Thoughts – Policy and Practice  There are an incredible number of high return-oninvestment (and low cost) retrofits to be done with existing infrastructure (e.g., pond/detention/flood control retrofit)  Merging of information technology and green infrastructure will increasingly be important if not critical.  Low cost, reliable, and highly functional sensors and sensor platforms will change everything we know about how we currently regulate, enforce, and understand environmental systems.