1. No category

‫בס"ד‬
"‫ ּו ִמ ֵּ ּדי ׁ ַׁש ּ ָבת ְּב ׁ ַׁש ּ ַׁב ּת ֹו‬,‫"וְ ָהיָה ִמ ֵּ ּדי ח ֶֹד ׁש ְּב ָח ְד ׁש ֹו‬
And it shall come to pass that from one New Moon to another,
and from one Sabbath to another
‫הארגון העולמי של בתי הכנסת‬
‫והקהילות האורתודוקסיות‬
World Organization of Orthodox
Synagogues and Communities
)‫(ישעיהו פרק סו פסוק כג‬
‫איחוד בתי הכנסת בישראל‬
Union of Synagogues in Israel
Table of Laws and Customs for Jewish Communities
www.unisyn.org.il
November 23, 2014 – December 21, 2014
The New Moon: Saturday (22.11.14), at 9:46 a.m. and 17 Chalakim
Kiddush Levana (Sanctification of the Moon):
from Tuesday night, the eve of 4 Kislev (26.11.14) to Saturday night, the eve of 15 Kislev (6.12.14) at 4:09 a.m.
Kiddush Levana (according to Oriental communities): from Saturday night, the eve of 7 Kislev (29.11.14)
Sunday, 1 Kislev (23.11.14) – Rosh Chodesh: Rosh Chodesh prayers.
Candle Lighting Times For Shabbat - Friday, 6 Kislev, November 28, 2014
Shabbat begins
Jerusalem
71:11
Shabbat ends
71:75
Jerusalem
Shabbat begins
71:71
New York
71:74 Tel Aviv
71:74
Los Angeles
71:71 Beer Sheba 71:71
Paris
71:11 Haifa
71:78
London
71:77 Eilat
71:71
Amsterdam
Shabbat Parashat Vayetzei, 7 Kislev (29.11.14)
Tel Aviv
Beer Sheba
Haifa
Eilat
71:74
71:01
74:01
71:18
Melbourne
Johannesburg
Buenos Aires
Moscow
Rome
Shabbat begins
Madrid
71:45
71:01
71:71
74:81
71:71
Marbella
Toronto
71:71
71:51
71:74
The Haftara is read from Hoshea 12:13: Vayivrach Ya’akov s’de Edom till the end of book, and in order to complete with good, some
add Yoel 2:26-27: va'achaltem… v'lo yevoshu ami leolam.
Mincha: Three men are called up to read from Parashat Vayishlach.
Tuesday, 8 Kislev (30.11.14): If one is uncertain as to whether he said v’ten tal u'matar, he is not required to repeat the Amida, for
he has already recited it 90 times.
Friday, 13 Kislev (5.12.14): “shishim yom batekufah” (the sixtieth day from the [autumnal] equinox).Outside Israel, we begin to recite
v’ten tal u-matar in the ‘Amida of ‘Arvit onThursday night.
Candle Lighting Times For Shabbat - Friday, 13 Kislev, December 5, 2014
Shabbat begins
Jerusalem
74:41
Shabbat ends
71:75
Jerusalem
Shabbat begins
71:11
New York
71:74
71:71
71:11
71:71
71:74
71:71
71:78
71:71
71:75
71:01
74:05
74:41
Tel Aviv
Beer Sheba
Haifa
Eilat
Tel Aviv
Beer Sheba
Haifa
Eilat
Los Angeles
Paris
London
Amsterdam
Melbourne
Shabbat begins
01:11
Madrid
Johannesburg
Buenos Aires
Moscow
Rome
71:04
71:01
74:80
71:11
Marbella
Toronto
71:71
71:51
71:78
Shabbat, Parashat Vayishlach, 14 Kislev (6.12.14)
The Haftara is read from the book of Ovadiah.
Mincha: Three men are called to the Torah reading from Parashat Vayeshev.
Candle Lighting Times For Shabbat - Friday, 20 Kislev, December 12, 2014
Shabbat begins
Jerusalem
71:11
Tel Aviv
Beer Sheba
Haifa
Eilat
71:71
71:71
71:11
71:70
Shabbat ends
71:74
Jerusalem
Tel Aviv
Beer Sheba
Haifa
Eilat
71:71
71:71
71:75
71:07
Shabbat begins
71:11
New York
Los Angeles
Paris
London
Amsterdam
71:74
71:04
74:00
74:41
Melbourne
Johannesburg
Buenos Aires
Moscow
Rome
Shabbat begins
Madrid
01:11
71:81
71:87
74:01
71:11
Marbella
Toronto
71:71
71:51
71:78
Shabbat, Parashat Vayeishev, 21 Kislev (13.12.14)
The Haftara is read from Amos 2:6 to 3:8: ko amar hashem until ch. 3:8 mi lo yinave.
Mincha: three men are called up to the Torah reading from Parashat Miketz.
Wednesday, 25 Kislev (17.12.14) – the first day of Chanuka
After Tuesday’s Mincha prayer, the shliach-tzibbur lights a Chanuka candle in the synagogue to remind everyone of
the miracle (some light before ‘aleinu). The hanukkiyah is placed on the southern side, in memory of the Temple
menorah, and three b’rachot are recited: l’hadlik; she’asa nissim; shehecheyanu. One does not fulfill one’s obligation
with the candle lit in the synagogue. If the shliach tzibbur has no one to light for at home, he does not recite sheheheyanu a second
time. In most synagogues it is the custom to light the Hanukka candle after the mincha service; then the ‘arvit service is recited, and
everyone goes home to light candles there.
In the opinion of most posekim, the time to light Chanuka candles during the week is immediately after tzeit ha-kochavim (nightfall,
when the first stars become visible). According to the Vilna Gaon – the proper time is at sunset, and b’di’avad – all night.
In a single-storey house one places the Chanukiya outside, to the left of the entrance into the house, 10 cm. from the entrance, at a
height of between 30 cm. and 100 cm. above ground level. One must not light the candles where the wind is liable to blow them out.
If it is not possible to light the candles next to the entrance, or a person who lives in a building of several stories, the candles are to be
lit inside, to the right of a window. It is proper to perform the mitzva in the best way – using olive oil. The candles should be separated
from one another, so as not to look like a bonfire.
The Berachot of the Lighting: l’hadlik; she’asa nissim and, on the first day, sheheheyanu – followed by ha-neirot hallalu. Duration
of the burning of the candles: at least a half-hour. One must light the candles in a place where there is no wind to blow them out. It
is forbidden to make use of their light, nor are we to light one candle from another. If the candles go out in less than half an hour, it is
the custom to re-light them without reciting any beracha. If one has to leave his house before sunset, he can light the candles from
p’lag ha-mincha (3:38 p.m.), on condition that the candles burn for a full half-hour after sunset (5:16 p.m.). According to the custom
where one lights only after nightfall, the candles have to burn until about 5:44 p.m..
Women, too, are obliged to partake of this mitzva. During all eight days of Chanuka one recites ‘al ha-nissim in both the ‘amida and
in birkat ha-mazon.
The custom of our Oriental communities is to recite mizmor hanukkat ha-bayit l’david after ha-neirot hallalu. Some are
accustomed to reciting viyhi no’am and yoshev b’seter ‘elyon for purposes of protection.
Shacharit: It is customary to light Hanukka candles in the synagogue during the morning prayer as well, without pronouncing any
berakha, for increasing awareness of the miracle. Hallel shalem is recited all eight days, followed by Chatzi kaddish.
The Torah is read from Parashat Naso (B’midbar 7:1): vayhi b’yom k’lot moshe – and three men are called up for this reading.
Kohen: until la’chanukat ha-mizbeach; Levi: until m’le’a k’toret; Sh’lishi: until Nachshon ben Amminadav. This is followed by Shir
shel yom: mizmor shir hanukkat ha-bayit (Psalms 30).
In the synagogue, candles are lit after the Mincha service.
Second Day of Chanuka, Friday, 26 Kislev (18.12.14)
Two b’rachot are recited: l’hadlik and she’asa nissim. We begin to light with the additional candle that was lit on left side [according
to the Gr"a on all days, we begin to light from the first candle which is closest to the opening].
Shacharit: The prayer service is the same as yesterday. The Torah is read from Ba-yom ha-sheni: Kohen: until la’Chanukat hamizbeach; Levi: until Netan’el ben Tzu’ar; Sh’lishi: repeats from Ba-yom ha-sheni until Netan’el ben Tzu’ar.
Third Day of Chanuka, Friday, 27 Kislev (19.12.14)
Shacharit: The prayer service is the same as yesterday. The Torah is read from Ba-yom ha-shlishi, and division is like the previous
day.
Candle Lighting Times For Shabbat - Friday, 27 Kislev, December 19, 2014
Shabbat begins
Jerusalem
71:18
Shabbat ends
71:71
Jerusalem
Shabbat begins
71:77
New York
Melbourne
71:71 Tel Aviv
71:71
Los Angeles 71:71
Johannesburg
71:00 Beer Sheba 71:07
71:01
Paris
Buenos Aires
71:11 Haifa
71:71
74:08
London
Moscow
71:75 Eilat
71:08
Amsterdam 74:41
Rome
Fourth Day of Chanuka, Shabbat, Parashat Miketz, 28 Kislev (20.12.14)
Tel Aviv
Beer Sheba
Haifa
Eilat
Shabbat begins
Madrid
01:77
71:85
71:84
74:81
71:71
Marbella
Toronto
71:01
71:51
71:74
We light Chanuka candles 25 minutes before sunset (in Jerusalem, too, where candle- lighting takes place earlier every Shabbat eve),
to enable the candles to burn half an hour after nightfall. When lighting the Chanuka candles, two berachot are recited: l’hadlik and
she’asa nissim. Immediately after lighting Chanuka candles, the Shabbat candles are lit. The candles lit should burn for half an hour
after nightfall.
Kabbalat Shabbat and the prayer service is the same as on every Shabbat. ‘al ha-nissim is recited in the ‘Amida and in birkat hamazon.
The custom of our Oriental communities: in the ‘Arvit service, ba-meh madlikin is not recited. Kol Yisrael is said, and then amar
Rabbi Eleazar, Kaddish ‘al Yisrael. In the ‘Amida, ‘al ha-nissim is said.
Shacharit: the Shabbat prayer service, ‘al ha-nissim, hallel shalem. Two Sifrei Torah are brought out; in the first we read Parashat Miketz
and seven are called up to this Torah reading. Chatzi kaddish. In the second we read maftir in Parashat Naso: ba-yom ha-revi'i.
The Haftara is read from Zecharia 2:14: Ronni v’simchi bat-Zion, until 4:7: chen chen lah. We bless the month of Tevet which begins
on Monday and Tuesday (22-23.12.14). Av ha-rachamim is not recited. Shir shel yom: mizmor shir chanukat ha-bayit as is recited
all through Chanuka. Mussaf for Shabbat with al ha-nissim.
The Molad: Sunday night (21.12.14), 10:31 p.m.
Mincha: three men are called up to the Torah reading from Parashat Vayiggash. ‘Al ha-nissim. We do not recite tzidkatekha tzedek.
Saturday Night, Motza’ei Shabbat Kodesh
Arvit is recited 23 minutes after sunset. ‘Al ha-nissim, viyhi no’am, v’atta kadosh. In the synagogue we light Chanuka candles and
then recite havdala; at home first we recite havdala and then light the candles. Boreh me’orei ha’esh is not recited over the Chanuka
candles, as we are not to benefit from their light.
Sunday, Fifth day of Chanuka, 29 Kislev (21.12.14)
Erev Rosh Chodesh Tevet. The Torah reading: ba-yom ha-chamishi, divides up as the previous day. We do not recite Yom Kippur
Katan prayers.
Monday, Sixth day of Chanuka, 30 Kislev (22.12.14)
Chanuka prayers. The Torah reading: ba-yom ha-hashishi, divides up as the previous day.
Shacharit: Rosh Chodesh prayers; in the ‘Amida we recite ya’aleh v’yavo and ‘al ha-nissim. Hallel shalem with both opening and
closing berachot. Kaddish titkabbal. When opening the ‘aron ha-kodesh we say b’rich sh’meih, and take out two Sifrei Torah. The
Torah reading: three are called up to the Rosh Chodesh reading; kaddish is not said. Then a fourth reads from the second Sefer Torah:
ba-yom ha-shishi. Chatzi kaddish. Y’hallelu, ashrei, u-va l’Zion. Chatzi kaddish. Tefillin are removed. Mussaf of Rosh Chodesh is
recited, saying ‘al ha-nissim. Kaddish titkabbal, ‘Aleinu, barekhi nafshi, and the service concludes as usual.
Tuesday, Seventh day of Chanuka, 30 Kislev, Rosh Chodesh Tevet (23.12.14)
Rosh Chodesh prayers. The Torah reading is as the previous day. In the second scroll we read ba-yom ha-sh’vi’i. Mussaf for Rosh
Chodesh.
Wednesday, Eighth day of Chanuka, Zot Chanuka, 2 Tevet (24.12.14)
Shacharit: as on the first day of Chanuka. The Torah reading is from: bayom ha-sh’mini. We call up three men: Kohen: to m’le’a
k’toret; Levi: to Gamliel ben Pedahtzur; Sh’lishi: to ken ‘asa et ha-m’nora in Parashat B’ha’alotekha.
With best wishes for a Good Month!
Eliezer Sheffer
‫אליעזר שפר‬
‫"ואלה שמות"‬
‫שמות היישובים בארץ ישראל בפרשות השבוע של חודש כסלו תשע"ה‬
‫מאת משה אייכל‬
‫ויצא‪" :‬ויצא יעקב מבאר שבע וילך חרנה"‬
‫באר שבע מן הערים החשובות בארץ ישראל עוד מתקופת התנ"ך‪.‬‬
‫על פי תוכנית החלוקה של האו"מ‪ ,‬באר שבע היתה אמורה להיות מחוץ לגבולותיה של מדינת ישראל‪ ,‬אך הודות‬
‫למבצע יואב במלחמת השחרור‪ ,‬באר שבע היא כיום בירת הנגב ומהווה מגדלור של חיים והשכלה בנגב הצחיח‬
‫והעיר השביעית בישראל מבחינת אוכלוסייתה המונה כ‪ 422.222-‬תושבים כן ירבו‪ .‬מספר בתי הכנסת בבאר שבע הוא כ‪.022-‬‬
‫וישלח‪":‬ותמת רחל ותקבר בדרך אפרתה היא בית לחם"‬
‫בערב פסח תשמ"ג (‪ )3895‬הוקם היישוב אפרת בגוש עציון ביוזמתם של מר משה מושקוביץ‪ ,‬ושל הרב שלמה‬
‫ריסקין שליט"א – הרב של אפרת‪ .‬מאבקים רבים נאבקו תושבי אפרת למען יישובם‪ ,‬הרחבתו‪ ,‬והדרכים אליו‪ .‬כיום‬
‫נהנים כרבבת תושבי אפרת מאיכות חיים בארץ התנ"ך‪ ,‬בין בית לחם לחברון ומול ירושלים ומקיימים את הבטחת‬
‫הקב"ה לרחל אמנו‪" :‬ושבו בנים לגבולם"‪ .‬מספר בתי הכנסת באפרת הוא כ‪.20-‬‬
‫וישב‪" :‬וילכו לרעות את צאן אביהם בשכם"‬
‫העיר שכם ידעה עליות ומורדות מבחינת יישוב יהודי במקום מאז שיעקב אבינו קנה בה חלקת אדמה תמורת מאה‬
‫קשיטה‪( ,‬בחלקה זו אף טמנו את עצמות יוסף)‪ ,‬ועד ימינו‪.‬‬
‫במלחמת ששת הימים גברה יד ישראל‪ ,‬וקבר יוסף חזר לידיים יהודיות‪ .‬בהסכמי אוסלו עברה העיר שכם לרשות‬
‫הפלסטינאית‪ ,‬וקבר יוסף נותר כמובלעת ישראלית בתוכה‪ ,‬בשנים האחרונות העיר כולה אינה בידיים יהודיות אך‬
‫מאות מתפללים יהודים פוקדים את קבר יוסף אחת לחודש‪ ,‬עם ליווי בטחוני של צה"ל‪.‬‬
‫מקץ – שבת חנוכה‪ :‬העיר מודיעין בעלת היסטוריה רבה של גבורה‪ ,‬מימות החשמונאים ועד ימינו‪.‬‬
‫בספר מקבים מופיעה לראשונה העיר מודיעין כמקום מושבו של מתתיהו בן יוחנן כהן גדול‪ ,‬שם הרימו המכבים‬
‫את נס המרד ביוונים‪ .‬כיום מתגוררים ב"מודיעין מכבים רעות" כ‪ 90.222‬תושבים כן ירבו‪ .‬ביניהם‪ :‬הרה"ג הרב‬
‫דוד לאו שליט"א הרב הראשי לישראל‪ ,‬הרב אליהו אלחרר שליט"א והרב יעקב צ'קוטאי שליט"א אשר מכהנים‬
‫כרבנים ראשיים של מודיעין מכבים‪-‬רעות‪ .‬מספר בתי הכנסת בעיר מודיעין הוא כ‪.87-‬‬
‫המידע על המקורות הקדומים של שמות היישובים בימינו‪ ,‬על יסוד ספרו של עמוס ספראי –"מפת הארץ" של שולחן השבת בהוצאת "אלינר"‬
‫הפרסום באחריות אגוז סוכניות ביטוח בע"מ בלבד‬