1. science
2. physics

Fall School Introduction to High energy physics and astrophysics: experiments and methods.
2014
Fall School
September 9-12
Artem Alikhanyan National Laboratory – Yerevan Physics Institute
September 9-12 (Seminar halls and labs of institute, Alikhanyan brothers 2, Yerevan)
Fall School Introduction to
High energy physics and astrophysics: experiments and methods.
Artem Alikhanyan National Laboratory – Yerevan Physics Institute
September 9-12 (Seminar halls and labs of institute, Alikhanyan brothers 2, Yerevan)
Lectures
Armen Allahverdyan
David Karakhanyan
Ashot Chilingarian
Sargis Mkoyan
Ruben Dalakyan
Arthur Reymers
Ara Daryan
Suren Soghomonyan
Gagik Hovsepyan
Levon Vanyan
Wednesday 10 September
(Cosmic ray division education center)
Tuesday 9 September
11:00
10:00 – 10:45
Opening ceremony (Cosmic ray division
a short review of new developments
education center)
11:15-12:00
Armen Allahverdyan : Uncertainty relations:
David Karakhanyan: Elementary
particles and fundamental forces:
11:00 - 11:45
Ashot Chilingarian: Non-accelerator High
energy physics: Measurements, analysis, and
problems and perspectives (1)
physical inference (1)
12:00 -12:15 Tea/Coffee break
11:45-12:00
Tea/Coffee break
12:15-13:00
12:00-12:45
Ashot Chilingarian: Non-accelerator High
David Karakhanyan Elementary
particles and fundamental forces:
energy physics Measurements, analysis, and
physical inference (2)
problems and perspectives (2)
13:00-13:45
Suren Sogomonyan: Basics of X-ray
fluorescence analysis (XRF)
13:00 -13:45
Levon Vanyan: Simulation of physical
processes with Geant4 code
13:45-14:00
Tea/Coffee break
14:00 -14:45
Artur Reymers: Multivariate Data analysis
with ADEI platform
14:00-16:00
Lab works in XRF and Electronics
classes
1
14:45 -15:00
Tea/Coffee break
15:00 -17:00
Lab works in XRF and Electronics classes
Thursday 11 September
Friday 12 September
(Cosmic ray division education center, Computer center,
Isotope research and production division (IRPD))
10:00 – 11:00
Armen Allahverdyan : Mathematical versus
10:00-16:00
physical statistics: a direct link via maximum
of Yerevan Physics Institute, Aragasotn
likelihood
province, Armenia, responsible Hripsime
Mkrtchyan, Artur Reymers.
11:00-11:45
Sargis Mkoyan: Computations and networking
in high-energy physics experiments
11:45-13:30
Visit to computer center;
introduction to modern servers, GRID system,
CISCO academy program.
13:30-14:00
Visit to IRPD, Coffee/tea break.
14:00-15:00
Ruben Dalakyan: Research and production of
the medical isotopes
15:00-17:00
Visit to Aragats high altitude research station
Lab works in IRPD classes
2
Elementary particles and fundamental forces:
problems and perspectives
Basics of X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF)
David Karakhanyan
Suren Soghomonyan
The lecture is an introduction to the master course to be started at Yerevan
Physics institute in October. The course contains the basic facts of the
modern theoretical high-energy physics. The main topics of lecture are:
the micro- and macro-scale Universe, the elementary particles and the
fundamental interactions between them. The course will contain an
introduction to Standard Model, Quantum chromodynamics, quantum
gravity and cosmology.
The subject of this lecture is X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) analysis, which
is widely used for elemental analysis of inorganic materials. It provides
one of the simplest, most accurate and most economic analytical methods
for the determination of the chemical composition of many types of
materials. The XRF is the emission of characteristic (or fluorescent) Xrays from a material that has been excited with X-rays. Analysis of XRF
spectra allows determining the chemical composition of the material. The
purpose of the lecture is to give some basic information about X-ray
Fluorescence analysis, including XRF theory and instrumentation. The
lecture covers the following topics
Brief history of discoveries in the field of X-rays
Basics of XRF theory
Evaluation of XRF spectra
XRF instrumentation
Analysis software
3
Particle detectors and how to treat signals from them
(nuclear electronics)
Uncertainty relations: a short review of new developments
Ara Daryan and Gagik Hovsepyan
Armen Allahverdyan
Particle detectors are an interface from micro to macro world. They make
visible to us tiny elementary particles. By using different experimental
techniques we can count particles, measure their energy, determine their
types. All physics, new models and theories contained in huge amount of
electric signals entering online computers at rate of tens of kilohertz in
cosmic ray experiments till gigahertz in collider experiments. During lab
works based on modern particle spectrometers and high-speed electronics
various particle registering and their energy estimation tasks will be
explained and demonstrated.
Uncertainty relations (and the ensuing notions of complementarity and
contextuality) are basic for quantum mechanics; this is the main place,
where quantum mechanics differs from classical theories. Over the
decades that followed the emergence of quantum mechanics, the man
understanding of uncertainty relations was based on heuristics of
Heisenberg-Robertson-Schroedinger inequalities, which do not
manifestly refer to simultaneous measurements of non-commuting
quantities. This state of affairs was rightly criticized for many years, but
only very recently a series of new uncertainty relations were developed
that improve our understanding of the most counter-intuitive aspect of
quantum mechanics.
4
Non-accelerator High energy physics
Measurements, analysis, and physical inference
Simulation of physical processes with Geant4 code
A.Chilingarian
LevonVanyan
The lecture is an introduction to the master course to be started at Yerevan
Physics institute in October 2014. It is designed to introduce the
experimental techniques and the data analysis methods of Particle
Astrophysics. We will review particle physics and particle detectors to
remind or introduce basic concepts that will be used throughout the
course. We will present the characteristics of energy losses of radiation
with matter that are important for their detection. Examples of existing
experiments will be provided for following fields of astroparticle physics:
detection of the secondary cosmic rays, gamma and neutrino astronomy
and cosmology. Students will be introduced to data analysis methods
through practical examples. The course will include practical applications
involving data analysis of data flow from the facilities of the Aragats
space Environmental Center (ASEC).
Geant4 (for GEometry ANd Tracking) is a platform for "the simulation
of the passage of particles through matter ," using Monte Carlo methods.
It is the successor of the GEANT series of software toolkits developed by
CERN and the first yo use object oriented programming ( in C++).Its
development, maintenance and user support are taken care by the
international Geant4 Collaboration.Application areas include high-energy
physics and nuclear experiments, medical,accelerator and space physics
studies. The software is used by a number of research projects around the
world. The Geant4 software and source code is freely available from the
project web site. The lecture is a brief introduction to both GEANT4
package and Monte Carlo method.
5
Mathematical versus physical statistics:
a direct link via maximum likelihood
Multivariate Data analysis with ADEI platform
Arthur Reymers
Armen Allahverdyan
ADEI (Advanced Data Extraction Infrastructure) is dynamic web
interface for browsing, analysis and extraction of time-series from various
data sources. During this course students will learn how to use ADEI to
analyze multivariate data.
Mathematical statistics recovers data from incomplete (noisy)
measurements, while physical statistics develops a probabilistic
description for physical systems that either interact with uncertain
environment or are too complex to be described deterministically. These
two disciplines normally develop independently: mathematical statistics
is employed in experimental physics research, while physical statistics
refers to specific branches of physics (statistical mechanics, kinetics,
etc). However, it appears that a direct link can be established between
them in the context of the maximum likelihood method (or its
generalizations such as the maximum a-posteriori method). Here, the
data recovery for a partially observed random Markov process is mapped
to the physical statistics of one-dimensional Ising model. This map
enriches the understanding of both disciplines and allows employing
methods and ideas of statistical physics for mathematical statistics.
6
Computations and networking in
high-energy physics experiments
Research and production of the medical isotopes
Sargis Mkoyan
Ruben Dallakyan
Introductory lecture will describe facilities and services of YerPhI
computer center, including:
The lecture is devoted to the issues of research and production of the
widely used in medicine radioactive isotopes. The worldwide experiences
in obtaining short leaving isotopes and their usage for diagnostic
purposes are briefly introduced. The experimental program undergoing at
Yerevan Physics Institute is discussed, including the pilot project of
production of one of the most important in diagnostic 99mTc isotope with
18 MeV proton beam from installing on premises of YerPhI IBA C-18
cyclotron.
99m
During lab work the Tc radiological purity measurements will be
99m
performed. The Tc “drug” used in the clinics represents a pertechnetate
99m
99m
( TcO4 ) dissolved in saline. Also there is a small quantity of Tc in atomic
state (also radioactive) in that solution which doesn't participate in the
metabolism and therefore is useless and its consistent is strongly limited.
99m
99m
99m
The radiological purity is the ratio of ( Tc) / ( TcO4 + Tc) activities in
the solution and it must be less than 5%. The method which will used to
measure the radiological purity is called thin layer chromatography.
·
High-Performance Computing service;
·
YerPhI Batch Cluster System;
·
Grid Computing at YerPhI;
·
YerPhI Network Overview;
·
Eduroam and videoconferencing services
·
Local Cisco Networking Academy Training Centre
During Laboratory work an introduction to Linux operation system will
be made.
The evolution of Linux and other popular operating systems Win, MacOS,
Android will be explained. We will also discuss the considerations for
choosing of an operating system. By performing this lab, students will
learn how to navigate and manage Linux System files and directories.
7
2 Alikhanyan Brothers Str., Yerevan, Armenia 0036
Phone: + 374 10 34- 41 - 29