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HP’S BREAKUP
NEW PATH FOR
AN ICONIC BRAND
FRIEZE ART FAIR
LONDON LURES
THE ART WORLD
LINDSAY LOHAN
A STAGE DEBUT
WITH MAMET
PAGE 18
PAGE 9
PAGE 12
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BUSINESS
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SPECIAL REPORT
|
CULTURE
....
WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 8, 2014
Europe’s resistance
to austerity grows
BERLIN
As economies continue
to falter, German policy
faces stronger opposition
BY ALISON SMALE
AND LIZ ALDERMAN
DENNIS M. SABANGAN/EUROPEAN PRESSPHOTO AGENCY
A protester sleeping on Tuesday in Hong Kong, where the number of demonstrators declined sharply as the government agreed to hold talks on Friday to discuss electoral changes.
Protests hone sense of Hong Kong pride
HONG KONG
Efforts to ‘mainland-ize’
the city heighten fears
of a culture under attack
BY EDWARD WONG
AND ALAN WONG
If there is one phrase that has come to
define the protests that have swept
across Hong Kong in the last week and a
half, appearing on handwritten bill-
boards and T-shirts, and heard in rally
speeches and on radio shows, it is this:
‘‘Hong Kong People.’’
‘‘I wouldn’t say I reject my identity as
Chinese, because I’ve never felt
Chinese in the first place,’’ said Yeung
Hoi-kiu, 20, who sat in the protest zone
at the government offices on Monday
night. ‘‘The younger generations don’t
think they’re Chinese.’’
More than 90 percent of Hong Kong
residents are ethnically Chinese. But
ask residents here how they see themselves in a national sense, and many will
say Hong Kong first — or even Asian or
world citizen — before mentioning
China.
The issue of identity is one that the
Chinese Communist Party has grappled
with since Britain turned over control of
this global financial capital to China 17
years ago. But what the student-led
protests show is that Beijing’s efforts
have backfired, helping turn the issue
into an occasionally explosive problem
as members of an entire generation act
on their sense of alienation from China
and its values.
Officials in Beijing began recognizing
the problem years ago and tried in 2012 to
impose a patriotic education curriculum
in the schools. By then it was too late. Mr.
Yeung and his peers saw the move as
China’s mounting another assault on
Hong Kong, which has a population of 7.2
million. They took to the streets in a prelude to the movement known as the Umbrella Revolution, the biggest challenge
to the party’s authority in years.
The current conflict has served only
to bolster Hong Kong’s identity, already
strengthened in recent years by what
many residents saw as intensifying attacks from China against its culture,
HONG KONG, PAGE 3
ISIS advance on Syrian town
exposes U.S.-Turkish divisions
MURSITPINAR, TURKEY
BY KARAM SHOUMALI
AND ANNE BARNARD
ARIS MESSINIS/AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE
A Kurd in Suruc, Turkey, watching the fighting on Tuesday between the Kurdish People’s
Protection Committees and the Islamic State in Kobani, across the border in Syria.
President Recep Tayyip Erdogan of
Turkey said Tuesday that the Syrian
border town of Kobani, under siege
from Islamic State fighters, was about
to fall to the militants despite United
States-led airstrikes on the group.
Asserting that aerial attacks alone
might not be enough to stop the fighters’
advance, Mr. Erdogan called for more
support for insurgents in Syria who are
battling the Islamic State, and reiterated Turkey’s earlier call for a no-flight
zone and a buffer zone along the border.
INSIDE TO DAY ’S PA P E R
His comments highlighted a key
sticking point between Turkey and
Washington: President Obama wants
Turkey to take stronger action against
the Islamic State, while Mr. Erdogan
wants the American effort to focus more
on ousting Syria’s president, Bashar alAssad. Turkey has long supported the
armed opposition to Mr. Assad.
‘‘There has to be cooperation with
those who are fighting on the ground,’’
Mr. Erdogan said, addressing Syrian
SYRIA, PAGE 4
TRACKING PAPER TRAILS IN SYRIAN WAR
Several governments are financing
investigators searching for evidence to
use in future war crimes trials. PAGE 4
ONLINE AT INY T.COM
3 share Nobel for work on LEDs
Listening to two jazz titans
Isamu Akasaki and Hiroshi Amano of
Japan and Shuji Nakamura of the
University of California, Santa Barbara,
were honored for a breakthrough on
light-emitting diodes. WORLD NEWS, 8
On the interactive feature ‘‘Press
Play,’’ a first chance to hear the new
album by the piano-bass duo of Kenny
Barron and Dave Holland, due out Oct.
14. nytimes.com/music
Amazon’s tax deal investigated
The legacy of Curt Flood
When the baseball star rejected a trade
in 1969, he helped spur a revolution that
rippled beyond the national pastime.
The European Commission is exploring
whether Luxembourg illegally gave the
American online retailer preferential
tax treatment. BUSINESS, 17
nytimes.com/us
Ferguson struggles to heal
Nominee frustrates E.U. legislators
Jonathan Hill, appointed to oversee
financial markets, left some members
of Parliament skeptical Tuesday about
his suitability for the job. BUSINESS, 17
Indonesia’s eroding democracy
Although Indonesians are losing their
democratic rights, it is happening
through democratic procedures,
Elizabeth Pisani writes. OPINION, 6
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’:HIKKLD=WUXUU\:?b@a@k@s@a"
GRAHAM CROUCH FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Dutee Chand, an Indian sprinter, is challenging a ruling that
bars her from competition unless she lowers her high natural level of testosterone. SPORTS, 15
AN ATHLETIC CONTROVERSY
Banks face new round of charges
Police suspected in Mexico killings
The United States Justice Department
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IN THIS ISSUE
No. 40,923
Business 17
Crossword 16
Culture 12
Opinion 6
Science 14
Sports 15
t
t
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t
Euro
Pound
Yen
S. Franc
NEW YORK, TUESDAY 12:30PM
€1=
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$1=
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PREVIOUS
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Full currenc y rates Pa ge 21
Almost two months after a police
officer shot an unarmed black youth,
Michael Brown, few of the deep
grievances that divide the Missouri city
have been resolved. nytimes.com/us
The great wage slowdown
The typical American family makes
less than it did 15 years ago, a first since
the Great Depression, David Leonhardt
writes. nytimes.com/upshot
STOCK INDEXES
TUESDAY
t The Dow 12:30pm 16,861.44
t FTSE 100 close
6,495.58
t Nikkei 225 close
15,783.83
OIL
–0.77%
–1.04%
–0.67%
NEW YORK, TUESDAY 12:30PM
t Light sweet crude
$89.39
–$0.05
As Europe confronts new signs of economic trouble, national leaders, policy
makers and economists are starting to
challenge as never before the guiding
principle of the Continent’s response to
six years of crisis, Germany’s insistence
on budget austerity as a precondition to
healthy growth.
France this week stepped up what has
become an open revolt by some of the
eurozone’s bigger economies against
Chancellor Angela Merkel’s continued
demands for deficit reduction in the face
of slowing growth. Italy has warned
against too rigidly following Germany’s
preferred approach. Even the president
of the European Central Bank, Mario
Draghi, is pushing for Germany to loosen
up and promote economic growth.
The rift looms over European Union
leaders as they meet at least three times
this month, starting Wednesday in Milan with a discussion of high unemployment, particularly among the young,
and the question of how to get their
economies moving again.
The rapidly evolving debate holds the
potential to be a turning point after a
long period in which Germany and Ms.
Merkel have dominated European economic policy.
On Tuesday, new signs emerged that
Germany itself, the traditional growth
engine of the eurozone, was on the
verge of an economic downturn.
‘‘After going along with the damaging
strategy of austerity in the hopes that
Germany would eventually moderate
its position, countries are now saying,
‘Enough is enough; we’re going to have
to act to arrest the downward spiral in
the economy,’’’ said Simon Tilford, the
deputy director of the Center for European Reform in London.
In another warning sign, the International Monetary Fund on Tuesday cut
its forecast for growth in the 18-nation
eurozone this year yet again, to just 0.8
percent from a 1.1 percent outlook six
months ago, and cautioned that the region may slide back into its third recession in five years. The fund urged Germany in particular to ramp up spending
to stimulate the economy at a time when
it appears to be on a downward trajectory, with wider consequences for the
euro union.
Eurozone countries are ‘‘stuck’’ in
low growth, Christine Lagarde, the
managing director of the International
Monetary Fund, said in an interview.
‘‘That is clearly weighing on their perspectives going forward.’’
While still a firmly popular leader in
her ninth year in power, Ms. Merkel is
also under fire at home. In a new book,
‘‘The Germany Illusion,’’ one of Germany’s leading economists, Marcel
Fratzscher, takes the government to
task for declining to invest in infrastructure and failing to encourage private investment or foster a modern service
sector that would yield better pay and
thus fuel higher consumer spending. He
also criticizes large German companies
for directing ever more of their investment to Eastern Europe, Asia and the
United States, rather than to the 18-nation eurozone.
There are no signs so far that Ms.
Merkel — or German companies — are
likely to yield in any substantial way. The
steps being sought by France and other
advocates of change remain relatively
modest: in essence, just slowing the
pace at which they cut their budget deficits. A number of European nations, like
EUROPE, PAGE 20
FABRIZIO BENSCH/REUTERS
Chancellor Angela Merkel has held firm
on demands for deficit reduction.
GLOBAL ECONOMY AT RISK, I.M.F. WARNS
The International Monetary Fund has
cut its forecast because of stagnation in
Europe and other problems. PAGE 17
Nurse who contracted Ebola
in Spain raises worry for West
BARCELONA, SPAIN
BY RAPHAEL MINDER
Spain intensified efforts on Tuesday to
contain any spread of Ebola from an infected health worker as the government
came under pressure from the political
opposition and the European Union
over its handling of the case.
The patient, a nurse who has not been
identified, is the first health worker to
be infected with the Ebola virus outside
West Africa, raising serious concerns
about how prepared Western countries
are to safely treat people with the
deadly illness. She was described on
Tuesday as being in stable condition at
Carlos III Hospital in Madrid.
The nurse contracted the illness while
treating a Spanish missionary who was
infected in Sierra Leone and flown to
Carlos III, where he died on Sept. 25, the
Spanish Health Ministry said on Monday. The priest, Manuel García Viejo,
died three days after being flown back
to Spain, and the nurse entered his room
only twice, including once after his
death, said Antonio Alemany, a health
official from the regional government of
Madrid.
Her husband and two other people
were quarantined, and monitoring was
extended to an additional 50 who might
have come into contact with the woman,
SPAIN, PAGE 8