Asset Allocation - Asset Allocation provides 90% of your return…. Sir Templeton Contents Process or steps in your wealth planning. What is asset allocation? Why the need for asset allocation? What are the different asset classes? Why do you need to have asset allocation strategy ? Who should be managing your portfolio of asset? How to execute the asset allocation? Diversification, Dollar Cost Averaging, Stay invested… My thoughts… Fundamentally, Investment is about understanding what are your investment goals and understanding the risks around it. FNA and AA is a approach / tool that gives us a structure, educates us asset correlation to achieve diversification. 18/4/2014 Asset Allocation 2 4-Step Approach To Your Wealth 1 Set Your Objectives 2 4 Ongoing Review Process Integrated Investment Portfolio Product / Manager Selection & Evaluation 3 Develop Asset Allocation Strategy The Journey of Financial Advisory 1 STEP 1: OBJECTIVES 2 STEP 2: ALLOCATION STRATEGY IDENTIFY RISK PROFILE 18/4/2014 STEP 4: PORTFOLIO REVIEW PRODUCT SELECTION PORTFOLIO REVIEW? What should wealth distribution be? Identify Life stage and Time Horizon Identify savings gap ASSET ALLOCATION Identifyobjectives Income Growth Protection • Seek Asset Diversification Use ASIA’s Strategic and Tactical Model Portfolio Asset Allocation 4 STEP 3: PRODUCT SELECTION PORTFOLIO ALLOCATION GOALS FINANCIAL NEEDS ANALYSIS 3 How Frequent? What should you look out for in your Portfolio Statement What can cause your portfolio to be out-of-alignment? How do you rebalance? What are the rebalancing rules? 4 The Journey of Financial Advisory 1 STEP 1: OBJECTIVES 2 STEP 2: ALLOCATION STRATEGY IDENTIFY RISK PROFILE 18/4/2014 STEP 3: PRODUCT SELECTION PORTFOLIO ALLOCATION GOALS FINANCIAL NEEDS ANALYSIS 3 What should wealth distribution be? Identify Life stage and Time Horizon Identify savings gap ASSET ALLOCATION Identifyobjectives Income Growth Protection • Seek Asset Diversification Use ASIA’s Strategic and Tactical Model Portfolio Asset Allocation PRODUCT SELECTION 4 STEP 4: PORTFOLIO REVIEW PORTFOLIO REVIEW? How Frequent? What should you look out for in your Portfolio Statement What can cause your portfolio to be out-of-alignment? How do you rebalance? What are the rebalancing rules? 5 1 Identify Your Goals. Know your life stage Gain insight into your needs and areas of concern Ages 18-29 Young/Early Career Savings & protection You want to protect your earning power, your single biggest asset, against disability, critical illness or premature death Source: Citi and Kaplan Financial Ages 30-45 Mature/Household Formation & Career Wealth accumulation and consolidation A married couple may have different values, risk tolerances and financial planning preferences Ages 46-55 The Prime Years You are at the peak of your career and have amassed considerable wealth You may accelerate your retirement accumulation and focus more on health and recreation Ages 56-60 Nearing Retirement With mortgage and parenthood behind you, retirement planning issues are your focus You want to ensure that your retirement income will suit your retirement lifestyle Ages 61 and Over Retirement Preserve the purchasing power of your assets It is time to take a closer look at estate/gifting plans Money management is critical – since you are no longer working and do not have a regular income 1 Your Wealth, Lifestage, Balance Sheet Wealth Assets Liabilities & Net Worth Banking Products / Cash Loans Retirement Family Maturity Estate & Tax Planning Family Formation Investments Investment Young Insurance Planning Insurance Consumption & Saving Net Worth Real property Debt 20 40 60 Age Business interests FV = PV(1+Return)Time Your Goal Present Amount You Have The Journey of Financial Advisory 1 2 STEP 1: OBJECTIVES STEP 2: ALLOCATION STRATEGY IDENTIFY RISK PROFILE 18/4/2014 STEP 4: PORTFOLIO REVIEW PRODUCT SELECTION PORTFOLIO REVIEW? What should wealth distribution be? Identify Life stage and Time Horizon Identify savings gap ASSET ALLOCATION Identifyobjectives Income Growth Protection • Seek Asset Diversification Use ASIA’s Strategic and Tactical Model Portfolio Asset Allocation 4 STEP 3: PRODUCT SELECTION PORTFOLIO ALLOCATION GOALS FINANCIAL NEEDS ANALYSIS 3 How Frequent? What should you look out for in your Portfolio Statement What can cause your portfolio to be out-of-alignment? How do you rebalance? What are the rebalancing rules? 8 2 Two Concepts of Allocation Portfolio Allocation ST MT Asset Allocation 10% ST 30% LT MT LT 60% 10% 30% 60% Distributing wealth across 3 broad categories ASSET ALLOCATION Where more than more asset class is combined to provide diversification and achieve a better efficient frontier 18/4/2014 Asset Allocation 9 2 The Investment Triangle Protect & Preserve Deposits Premium Deposits Stock Trading FX Margin trading Leveraged Trading Account Market-Linked Account/Note Equity-Linked Account/Note Structured Notes Products Bonds Mutual Funds Insurance / ILP Property Short Term Asset Medium Term Asset Long Term Investments Whole Life Variable Annuity Universal Life Wealth Structuring 2 How to Determine Portfolio Allocation Assets 3 4 5 V Cautious Cautious Moderate Aggressive Very Aggressive 5% 10% 20% 35% 30% 20% 60% 60% 60% Short Term ST 70% MT 45% Medium Term LT Long Term 6 2 30% 55% Determinants Life stage |Financials Risk Tolerance From the Qn in the FNA 18/4/2014 Asset Allocation 11 Pulse check: what stage of the investing psychology cycle are you at? 18/4/2014 Asset Allocation 12 Ongoing Portfolio Review 18/4/2014 Asset Allocation 13 2 Citi’s AA Views: Aug/Sep 2014 Why the need for asset allocation? Risk vs return One of the best-known measures of risk is the variance, or standard deviation of expected returns. Beta = systematic risk. Eg 1.2 = 20% more volatile than the market Required rate of return, • E(Ri) = RFR + βi (RM – RFR) Probability of correction? Diversification? 18/4/2014 Asset Allocation 15 Asset Allocation Risk & Return in a Portfolio Risk Measurement How is the risk level of an asset measured? • Risk is conventionally measured by the variance or standard deviation of return • Standard deviation of return is the square root of the variance • Returns are assumed to be normally distributed • In this way, we can ascertain the probability of various return outcomes at different confidence levels Risk & Return in a Portfolio Portfolio – a result of diversification within similar investment • Volatility is composed of two sources: systematic risk (risk induced by the market) and intrinsic or unsystematic risk (risk inherent to a security itself) • By adding one or more securities, we can reduce the importance of the unsystematic risk. However, the systematic risk can not be reduced through diversification Portfolio Standard Deviation Unsystematic risk Systematic risk # of Stocks in Portfolio Risk & Return in a Portfolio Correlation coefficients of the core asset classes – 1999 -2010 USD US USD High Treasury Corporate Yield Bonds Bonds Bonds Correlation coefficients from Jan USD 1999 to Jan 2010 Cash Emerging Emerging Market US European Pacific Market Global Global Debt Equities Equities Equities Equities Equities REITs USD Cash 1,00 US Treasury Bonds 0,07 1,00 USD Corporate Bonds 0,04 0,70 1,00 USD High Yield Bonds -0,07 -0,12 0,48 1,00 Emerging Market Debt 0,00 0,22 0,61 0,63 1,00 US Equities -0,01 -0,24 0,16 0,59 0,53 1,00 European Equities -0,02 -0,17 0,24 0,59 0,55 0,85 1,00 Pacific Equities -0,06 -0,06 0,29 0,51 0,56 0,68 0,69 1,00 Emerging Market Equities -0,04 -0,20 0,23 0,63 0,62 0,78 0,81 0,77 1,00 Global Equities -0,02 -0,20 0,23 0,63 0,60 0,96 0,95 0,79 0,88 1,00 Global REITs -0,03 -0,04 0,28 0,53 0,40 0,57 0,60 0,43 0,47 0,59 1,00 Asset Allocation Asset Classes & Sub Asset Classes Cash Bonds LCY Money Mkts FCY Money Mkts Investment Grade Bonds LCY Bonds Govt. Bonds FCY Bonds Equities Corporate Bonds High Yield Bonds Emerging Markets Bonds Local Equities Global Equities European Equities US Equities Satellite Equities Alternatives Hedge Funds Real Estate Small Cap Equities Large Cap Equities Pacific Equities Growth Equities Emerging Market Equities Value Equities Country Funds Sector Funds Theme Funds Global REITs Property Funds Real Assets Commodities 20 Portfolio Construction Modern Portfolio Theory Modern portfolio theory (MPT) is a theory that has been developed by Nobel Prize Harry Markowitz which aims at determining portfolios maximizing return and minimizing risk by carefully choosing different assets MPT is a mathematical formulation of the concept of diversification in investing, with the aim of selecting a collection of investment assets that has collectively lower risk than any individual asset. This is possible, in theory, because different types of assets are not perfectly correlated 21 Portfolio Construction The Efficient Frontier The efficient frontier is the line which delimits all the efficient portfolios. The portfolios that maximize the returns and minimize risks All portfolios below the frontier are inefficient Return AB Efficient Frontier C D A Portfolios A and B have the save volatility, but B reaches a higher potential return Portfolios C and D have the same potential returns, but C has a lower volatility Volatility 22 Asset Allocation Different Markets Different Volatility Asset Allocation Different Markets Different Volatility Emerging Equities US Equities Asset Allocation Different Markets Different Volatility Staying invested 18/4/2014 Asset Allocation 26 Bring Risk Profile Form Model Portfolio House view and asset allocator 18/4/2014 Asset Allocation 27
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