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ROMAN PRE-HISTORY/MYTHOLOGICAL
1200:
Legendary Fall of Troy – Aeneas escapes Troy and lands in Italy.
BCE
He wars with Latin tribes.
ROMAN MONARCHY
753:
Legendary Founding of Rome by Romulus
753:
Roman Senate of 100 men (“Patres”) Founded
Seven Kings of Rome (4 Romans, 3 Etruscans)
7 Kings (First Four Are Roman):
1. Romulus (753) – Founded the Senate.
2. Numa Pompilius (715) – Built first temples in Rome.
3. Tullus Hostilius (672) – Built Senate House (“Curia”).
4. Ancus Martius (640) – Built Ostia, 1st bridge across the Tiber.
ROMAN CURIA
616:
Etruscan Rule Begins
7 Kings (Last 3 Are Etruscan):
5. Tarquinius Priscus (616) – Built Cloaca Maxima/Circus Maximus.
6. Servius Tullius (578) – Founded Democratic Assemblies.
7. Tarquinius Superbus (534) – Tyrranical.
CLOACA MAXIMA
CIRCUS MAXIMUS
ROMAN REPUBLIC
EARLY REPUBLIC (Expansion to Italian Peninsula)
509:
Romans Overthrow Etruscan Kings and Establish a Republic
Res Publica = Public Affairs
451:
Twelve Tables = Roman Law
390:
Gauls Sack Rome
MIDDLE REPUBLIC (Expansion to South and West)
264:
Punic Wars Against Carthaginians. Carthage Destroyed.
(Last from 264 to 149 BCE)
83:
Civil Wars Begin
HANNIBAL
Roman Civil Wars:
Sertorian War (83-73) – Between Rome and Provinces of Hispania.
Sulla’s Second Civil War (82-81) – Between Sulla and Marius’ Supporters.
Lepidus’ Rebellion (77) – Lepidus Rebelled Against Sulla’s Regime.
Catiline Conspiracy (63-62) – Between Senate and Catiline’s Supporters.
Caesar’s Civil War (44 BC) – Between Caesar and Pompey’s Supporters.
JULIUS CAESAR
LATE REPUBLIC (Expansion to North and East)
60:
First Triumvirate (Caesar, Pompey, Crassus)
44:
Julius Caesar Assassinated by Senators
Civil War Between Octavian and Marc Antony
CAESAR’S ASSASSINATION
CAESAR’S ASSASSINATION
CAESAR’S ASSASSINATION
ROMAN EMPIRE
27:
Beginning of the Empire
Octavian is Renamed Augustus, First Emperor
Pax Romana = Roman Peace
79 CE:
Mt. Vesuvius Erupts; Buries Pompeii and Herculaneum
MT VESUVIUS AND POMPEII
80:
Flavian Amphitheatre (Colosseum) Built
Persecution of Christians Begins
COLOSSEUM
COLOSSEUM
285:
Empire Split into East and West by Constantine; 2 Co-Emperors
330:
Capital Moved to Constantinople
455:
Barbarian Invasions Weaken Rome
(Huns, Vandals, Gauls)
476:
Fall of the Western Roman Empire
The Eastern Roman Empire Becomes The Byzantine Empire
1453:
Byzantine Empire is Conquered by the Ottoman Turks