She walk to school every morning. Hur svårt kan det vara att sätta ett s på verbet? Marie Nordlund Lektor i engelsk lingvistik Institutionen för konst, kommunikation och lärande Vanliga fel i studenters produktion L = läs igenom O = ordföljd V = verb A’ = apostrof S = Stor bokstav P = pågående form A = adjektiv/adverb S = stavning T = “there” A = artiklar (French, Janet (2003). Translation and second/foreign language learning: meeting the pedagogical challenge. I Moira Linnarud & Erica Sandlund (Red.). Språk och lärande. Rapport från ASLA:s höstsymposium Karlstad, 7–8 november 2002 (s. 178–188). Uppsala: ASLA, Svenska föreningen för tillämpad språkvetenskap.) ”the principles underlying [the third person –s marker] are so simple” (Johnston, 2000, s. 32) ”most learners have no difficulty in grasping the rule for third person –s” (Ellis, 2006, s. 88) ”even if students understand the explicit rule, they do not necessarily apply it” (Larsen-Freeman, 2003, s. 8) Svenska undersökningar Stenström, A. (1975). Grammatical errors in teacher trainees’ written work (Swedish-English contrastive studies, report no 7). Lund: Lunds universitet. Thagg Fisher, U. (1985). The sweet sound of concord: a study of Swedish learners’ concord problems in English. Malmö: Liber. Ruin, I. (1996). Grammar and the advanced learner: on learning and teaching a second language. Uppsala: Studia Anglistica Upsaliensia. Gyllstad, H. (1998). A study of grammatical errors in free compositions by advanced Swedish learners and the significance of negative transfer (Opublicerad magisteruppsats, Lunds universitet). Rahm, J. (1998). ’… to who it concerns’: a study of grammatical errors in students’ translations from Swedish into English (Opublicerad magisteruppsats, Lunds universitet). Köhlmyr, P. (2001). ”To err is human …”: an investigation of grammatical errors in Swedish 16-year-old learners’ written production (Doktorsavhandling, Göteborgs universitet). Karlsson, M. (2001). Progression and regression: aspects of advanced Swedish students’ competence in English grammar (Doktorsavhandling, Lunds universitet). Petersson, S. (2004). Why is subject-verb concord in English so difficult for Swedish learners?: an empirical study (Opublicerad magisteruppsats, Lunds universitet). Källkvist, M., & Petersson, S. (2006). An s, or not an s; that is the question: Swedish teenage learners’ explicit knowledge of subject-verb agreement in English. I J. Einarsson, E. Larsson Ringqvist & M. Lindgren (Red.), Språkforskning på didaktisk grund. Rapport från ASLA:s höstsymposium Växjö, 10-11 november 2005 (s. 112-140). Uppsala: ASLA, Svenska föreningen för tillämpad språkvetenskap. Inlärningssekvens i L1 1 2/3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 present progressive –ing in, on plural –s past irregular possessive ‘s uncontracted copula (is, am, are) articles (a, the) past regular –ed 3rd person singular –s 3rd person singular irregular uncontracted auxiliary (is, am, are) contracted copula contracted auxiliary (Brown, 1973) Korrekt användning i L2 1 2 3 4 5 6 present progressive –ing articles (a, the) plural –s past regular –ed possessive ’s rd 3 person singular –s (Goldschneider & DeKeyser, 2001) Inkonsekvenser • • • • • • • • alla verb tar inte –s BE är det ingen ordning på alls plural konceptualisering ”plurala” pronomen kollektiva substantiv neither / neither … nor / none plurala måttsuttryck -ics Andra försvårande omständigheter • • • • • semantisk komplexitet redundans ingen fonologiskt framträdande roll homofoni avstånd till subjektet At least the linguist’s explorations into the enormous variety of ways in which people speak and write in different situations provides a promising starting point. (Thagg Fisher, 1985, s. 23) Possibly the introduction of nuclear weapons have had som influence. (Thagg Fisher, 1985, s. 188) He was one of those enviable persons who seems to be gifted with a natural balance of mind. (Thagg Fisher, 1985, s. 191) • L1-transfer • ett ”bortglömt” morfem Tack för er uppmärksamhet! Frågor?
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