Tare – Arbeidsplasser av et klimavennlig råstoff
Naturviterne Frokostmøte 12. februar 2015 Bergen Tare – Arbeidsplasser av et klimavennlig råstoff Jorunn Skjermo Silje Forbord, Kristine Braaten Steinhovden and Aleksander Handå SINTEF Fiskeri og havbruk AS, 7465 Trondheim [email protected] NSTTT Norsk senter for tang- og tareteknologi SINTEF Fisheries and Aquaculture 1 DKNVS/NTVA Scenario 2050: Verdiskaping basert på produktive hav i 2050 (Value creation based on productive seas in 2050) Milliarder kroner 600 500 High productive sea areas 400 Marine algae New species 300 Equipment and feed 200 Marine ingredients 100 Salmon farming Fisheries 0 1999 2010 2030 2050 DKNVS/NTVA (Olafsen et al., 2012) NSTTT Norsk senter for tang- og tareteknologi SINTEF Fisheries and Aquaculture The Norwegian seaweed industry – value creation 40 Sales value (billion NOK) 20 Area: 1200 km2 Volume (mill tons) 8 4 1,1 0,2 Area: 250 km2 2010 2030 2050 DKNVS/NTVA (Olafsen et al., 2012) NSTTT Norsk senter for tang- og tareteknologi SINTEF Fisheries and Aquaculture The natural seaweed resources in Norway • • • Standing stock: 50 mill ton seaweed (ww) (Steen 2013, HI) 99% of the biomass is kelp (Laminaria hyperborea and Saccharina latissima)(Gundersen et al. 2011, Niva) Harvested annually (ww): • 150.000 tons kelp Laminaria hyperborea • 15.000 tons Ascophyllum nodosum NSTTT Norsk senter for tang- og tareteknologi SINTEF Fisheries and Aquaculture 4 Area for seaweeds in Norway • • "Seaweed bed" area: 8.000 km2 (Gundersen et al. 2011, Niva) • The bottom area in the photic zone represents the substrate (for attachment) for seaweeds. Sea area inside sea boundary: 125.000 km2 (787.000 km2 economic zone) • Potential area for cultivation. NSTTT Norsk senter for tang- og tareteknologi SINTEF Fisheries and Aquaculture 5 Why cultivated biomass? • • • • • • • • Large volumes possible Attractive biomass No use of arable land, fresh water, pesticides or fertilizers (NB. No phosphate) Environmental friendly production of biomass, no (known)negative effect on the benthic ecosystem Effective harvesting and freshness of biomass Wide range of species (480 in Norway) Possibilities for nutrients recycling (IMTA) Replace fossil feed-stocks with sustainable cultivated biomass NSTTT Norsk senter for tang- og tareteknologi SINTEF Fisheries and Aquaculture Sea cultivation Harvesting Pre-treatment, storage Processing Distribution Market Pharmaceuticals Health feed Bioactive chemicals Market value Seedlings production Market volume NSTTT Norsk senter for tang- og tareteknologi Food ingredients Food Feed ingredients Fertilizers Bioenergy Platform chemicals SINTEF Fisheries and Aquaculture 7 Cultivation - from spores to biomass To be continued… NSTTT Norsk senter for tang- og tareteknologi SINTEF Fisheries and Aquaculture 8 From spores to biomass, cont. Low-tech NSTTT Norsk senter for tang- og tareteknologi SINTEF Fisheries and Aquaculture 9 Cultivation systems Horizontal lines (on longlines) Carrier Vertical lines (on longlines) Sheet (e.g. textile) Ocean Rainforest Low-tech Seaweed Energy Solutions 10 NSTTT Norsk senter for tang- og tareteknologi SINTEF Fisheries and Aquaculture Seaweed cultivation 1 ha (0.01 km2) cultivation area: • 170 tons biomass sugar kelp (wet) • 26 tons dry matter • 15 tons carbohydrates • 3.8 tons protein Production of feedstock (tons dw/ha) 30 26 25 20 15 10 5 2,3 3 4,2 5,1 Soybean Wheat Rice Maize 0 Seaweed SINTEF Fisheries and Aquaculture Expected growth in Norwegian salmon production – and in feed demand 6 million tons 5 Salmon production Feed demand 4 3 2 1 0 2010 2030 2050 DKNVS/NTVA (Olafsen et al., 2012) NSTTT Norsk senter for tang- og tareteknologi SINTEF Fisheries and Aquaculture 12 Trends in the price of fishmeal and soybean meal Source: FAO. 2013. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Information and Statistics Branch. Rome. NSTTT Norsk senter for tang- og tareteknologi SINTEF Fisheries and Aquaculture 13 Amino acid profiles in seaweed and soy bean meal S.latissima Soy bean meal Source: Holdt&Kraan, 2011; Experts in Team, NTNU, 2014 NSTTT Norsk senter for tang- og tareteknologi SINTEF Fisheries and Aquaculture 14 Sugar kelp as protein source for salmon feed 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 Salmon AA profile (% of protein) 3 2 1 0 13/02/2015 Seaweed AA profile (% of total AA) NSTTT Norsk senter for tang- og tareteknologi SINTEF Fisheries and Aquaculture Fish feed production potential from seaweeds • • • 680.000 tons protein from 20 million tons of seaweed Sustainable production Increase the degree of self-sufficiency 3000 3000 Proteins (1000 tons) 1000 tons 2500 2000 1800 1500 1000 500 680 330 115 0 Imported Protein soy protein demand 2013 2030 NSTTT Norsk senter for tang- og tareteknologi Protein demand 2050 From kelp From kelp 2030 2050 SINTEF Fisheries and Aquaculture 16 Cycling of nutrients in salmon aquaculture (IMTA) Feed (100% N) (100% P) 10% Particulate nutrients (15% N) (44% P) Fish (N40%) (P35%) A 30 ha seaweed farm assimilates 10% of dissolved N from a 5000 t salmon farm and produce 5000 t seaweed biomass (Broch et al., 2013) Dissolved nutrients (45% N) (18% P) Wang et al., 2012. Aquaculture and Environment Interactions, 2:267-283 NSTTT Norsk senter for tang- og tareteknologi SINTEF Fisheries and Aquaculture Low-Trophic Aquaculture Index for Norwegian Coastal Waters • How much does the N-input from salmon farming contribute to the total supply? • How does the contribution vary with season? Example: Modell-based estimate of seaweed productivity Broch OJ. et al. Coastal scale dynamics and effects of dissolved nutrients from Norwegian aquaculture. (in prep) SINTEF Fisheries and Aquaculture 18 Cultivated seaweed as feedstock (example: Saccharina latissima) Water Alginat Glucan (laminaran and cellulose) Mannitol Protein Minerals Polyphenols Fucoidan Fucoxantin Lipid NSTTT Norsk senter for tang- og tareteknologi SINTEF Fisheries and Aquaculture 19 "Biorefinery is a sustainable processing of biomass into several products and energy" Cultivation Extraction Food end feed • • • • Thermochemical conversion Hydrothermal conditions • • Biofuels Chemicals Chemical conversion Water based chemistry Carbohydrates Proteins Minerals Bioactives Biochemical/-technological conversion High viscosity DHMF – (Bis(hydroxmethyl)furan) • • • Polyuretan and polyesters Biofuels Chemicals Food and feed Value chain biorefinery: ~300 Billion $ in 2020 (The World Economic Forum ) NSTTT Norsk senter for tang- og tareteknologi 20 SINTEF Fisheries and Aquaculture Tare – arbeidsplasser av et klimavennlig råstoff Klimavennlig råstoff • Hurtigvoksende biomasse • Kort karbonsyklus • Bærekraftig dyrking • Erstatter fossilt råstoff • Gir kortreist biomasse Arbeidsplasser • Den bioøkonomisk industrien: – – – – – – – – • • • Dyrking Prosessering Markedsføring Utstyr Næringsmidler Fôr Energi Kjemikalier Kunnskap: Undervisning, forskning og utvikling Forvaltning: Arealbruk og miljøvern Virkemiddelapparatet: NFR, RFF, IN, Fylkeskommuner, EU Verdi • 8 mrd NOK i 2030 NSTTT Norsk senter for tang- og tareteknologi SINTEF Fisheries and Aquaculture Status seaweed cultivation in Norway Industry: Folla Alger Research: Ocean Future AkvaplanNiva Seaweed Energy Solutions Bioforsk and GIFAS Algea Val Videregående Skole Hortimare/Sulefisk SINTEF Fiskeri og havbruk AS Seaweed AS NTNU Inst. Biologi Austevoll Seaweed Farm Møreforsking Ocean Forest Norges Vel Environment and ecology: UiO, UiB, Niva, HI Smartfarm (equipm.) NSTTT Norsk senter for tang- og tareteknologi SINTEF Fisheries and Aquaculture Status seaweed processing/utilization in Norway Industry: Ocean Future Research: Nesset Sjømat AS Bygda 2.0 UiT Bioforsk Seaweed Energy Solutions Biotrål Seaweed AS SINTEF Materialer og kjemi SINTEF Fiskeri og havbruk AS SINTEF Energi NTNU Inst. Bioteknologi Austevoll Seaweed Farm Møreforsking FMC BioPolymer Alginor NIFES Algea NMBU AlgiPharma NSTTT Norsk senter for tang- og tareteknologi SINTEF Fisheries and Aquaculture Special Interest Group Seaweed Start-up workshop 19.september 2014 NSTTT Norsk senter for tang- og tareteknologi SINTEF Fisheries and Aquaculture 24 Thanks to SINTEF for the priority project 'Biobased products from sustainable resources (seaweed)' The SINTEF Seaweed bed© Thank you NSTTT Norsk senter for tang- og tareteknologi SINTEF Fisheries and Aquaculture 25
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