Immune System Review Worksheet Name: Date

Immune System Review Worksheet
Name:
Date:
Period:
1. (6.3.1, 11.1.3) Define the following terms:
a. pathogen:
b. active immunity:
c. passive immunity :
2. Outline one example of an infection by each of the following types of pathogens:
Type of pathogen
BACTERIA
VIRUS
FUNGI
PROTOZOA
Example disease
Cholera
AIDS
Ring Worm
Amoebic
dysentery
Pathogen
Vibrio cholerae
Method of
transmission
Contaminated
drinking water or
food
Symptoms
Severe diarrhea
and vomiting
Treatment
Urgent oral
rehydration,
antibiotics
Dangers
Death by
dehydration
3. (6.3.2) Explain why antibiotics can be used to treat bacterial infections but not viruses.
4. (6.3.2) How does overuse of antibiotics lead to antibiotic resistance?
5. (6.3.4) Outline the role of skin and mucous membranes in primary defense (acting as barriers
against pathogens):
Skin is a tough barrier
Hairs, e.g. nose
Mucous, such as in
nose, airways
Acidic conditions (e.g.
stomach and vagina)
Lysozymes
Natural organisms
6. State the functions of the following components of the blood:
Leukocytes (white
blood cells)
Phagocytes
Lymphocytes
B-Cells
Macrophages
T-Cells
7. Outline how phagocytic leukocytes ingest pathogens in the blood and body tissues.
Method of membrane
transport:
How does it work?
8. ((6.3.5) Distinguish between antibodies and antigens.
Antibody
9.
A globular protein.
Produced as part of the immune response.
Specific to the antigen on the pathogen – the antigen binding
site is analogous to the active site of an enzyme.
(11.1.2) Explain clonal selection as a basis for immunity.
There are many different types of lymphocytes in the
immune system.
10. (11.1.2) Briefly describe the principle of polyclonal selection.
11. (11.1.2) State the role of memory cells following an infection.
12. (11.1.3) State examples of the following types of immunity.
Active
Natural
Artificial
Natural
13. 6.3.6) Explain how antibodies are produced.
14. (11.1.6) Explain the principles of vaccination.
Antigen is introduced to the body
Passive
Artificial
15. (11.1.7) Discuss the benefits and potential dangers of vaccinations.
Benefits
Eradication of diseases, such as smallpox.
Potential Dangers
16. (6.3.7) Outline the effects of HIV on the immune system.
Effect on lymphocytes
Effect on antibody production
Effect on health
17. (6.3.8) Outline some of the economic impacts of HIV in the developing world.
18. HPV is a sexually-transmitted virus which is the leading cause of cervical cancer in women.
a. List three other sexually transmitted infections.
b. Suggest how a virus could cause cancer.
c. Describe how the following can protect women:
HPV vaccine
Regular PAP smears
19. (11.1.5) Monoclonal antibodies are produced industrially for use in medicine.
a. State three uses of monoclonal antibodies
Diagnosis of condition
Pregnancy test kits, heart attack detection
Diagnosis of infection
Treatment
b. Describe the industrial process of monoclonal antibody production.
Refer to B-cells, tumours and hybridomas.
Immune response is stimulated in a lab animal
Specific B-cells are harvested
*Some Review questions courtesy of Stephen Taylor at BIS