March 2015 The Small Town Texas Masons EE-magazine `The Small Town Texas Mason's E-Magazine is not affiliated with any state Grand Lodge or individual Blue Lodge. It was created to enlighten, educate and entertain Masons and non-Masons alike and as title suggests, it does try to feature a small town Texas Masonic Lodge and a story of Texas Masonic history in each issue. You may have noticed, the magazine is slowly changing, starting with new covers. I have almost exhausted the Small town Texas Masonic Lodge histories and pictures that are available on the internet and the monthly feature stories will become more toward Texas Masonic history and hero's stories. Page# Story 3. Twenty Minutes Beside The San Jacinto River Changed North America Tex 5. It All Started With A Swastika And A School Project 8. Surviving the Big Ones Tex 10. The Powerful Myth of Hiram Abiff 11. Masons’ Marks get a Revival 13. The Masonic Oak Picnic and Pilgrimage Tex 14. The Evolution of the Cornerstone Ceremony 17. Color Symbolism In Freemasonry 20. The Death Of A Freemason 25. The Profound Pontifications Of John Deacon Tex 28. Grand Master’s Gala Tex 29. Masonic Trivia: Amusements and Curiosities 31. Mrs. Elizabeth St Leger, Freemason 33. Hidden Lessons From Ritual Work 34a. The Shriner 34b. Seven Blunders of the Masonic World 36. The Distinguishing Badge Of A Mason 38. A Sinister Cult? Copyright Info. No Copyright - Free To Use — A very sincere effort was made to avoid using any copyrighted material, without permission or giving credit to the author, in the creation of this web site. If you discover something that is yours, without giving you due credit, please let me know and it will be corrected or removed. This month’s cover like was found by Googling “Small Texas Towns” - Name Unknown. Page 2 Twenty Minutes Beside The San Jacinto River Changed Changed North America On the morning of April 21, 1836, General Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna, the President and Dictator of Mexico and his proud army were camped on the high ground beside the intersection of the San Jacinto River and Buffalo Bayou. General Santa Anna and his army were still swollen with pride after their great victory at the Alamo, where on April 11, 1836, with 1,600 troops they defeated and then massacred every one of the 183 defenders at the Alamo. Santa Anna discovered that Sam Houston had retreated to the Harrisburg area and he decided to take possession of the coast and seaports, as a step in his plan to round up the revolutionists. Crossing the Brazos on April 14 at Fort Bend (now called the city of Richmond), the Mexican general took the road to Harrisburg, taking with him about 700 men and one twelve-pounder cannon. Urrea was at Matagorda with 1200 men: Gaona was somewhere between Bastrop and San Felipe, with 725; Sesma, at Fort Bend, with about 1,000, and Vicente Filisola between San Felipe and Fort Bend, with nearly 1800 men. Santa Anna arrived at Harrisburg on the 15th. There he learned that the Burnet government had gone down Buffalo Bayou to New Washington (now Morgan's Point), about 18 miles southeast. After burning Harrisburg, Santa Anna and his troops pursued them. On the 19th when he arrived at New Washington he learned that the new Texas government had already fled to Galveston. Santa Anna then set out for Anahuac via Lynchburg. He caught up with Houston’s army on April 19 near Lynch's Ferry. Believing Houston to be cornered, Santa Anna established positions on the high ground overlooking a marsh about three fourths of a mile from the Texas camp and threw up breastworks of trunks, baggage, packsaddles, and other equipment. Santa Anna decided to rest his army for a couple of days and attack the Texans army on April 22. He had received roughly 500 reinforcements under General Martín Perfecto de Cos that morning, bringing his total strength up to roughly 1,400 men. Both Sam Houston and Santa Anna had been forced to cross the bridge over the rain swollen Vince's Bayou which they would also have to cross to return. Houston ordered his scout, Erastus (Deaf) Smith to destroy the bridge and prevent further enemy reinforcements. The move would also prevent the retreat of either the Texans or the Mexicans towards Harrisburg. It was about 3:30 in the afternoon, siesta time and the Mexican army was taking a well 8General Santa Anna was in his tent, distracted by the yellow rose of Texas while his Page 3 troops were taking their afternoon siesta. General Santa Anna with his 725 troops had been reinforced that morning by General Cos and his 540 troops and he felt over confident enough to made a crucial mistake. During his army's afternoon siesta, he failed to post sentries or skirmishers around his camp. The Texan army began moving quickly and silently across the high grassy plain toward the Mexican army’s camp. Then, when they were only a few dozen yards away, they charged, shouting "Remember the Alamo!" and "Remember Goliad!," only stopping a few yards from the Mexicans to open fire. The Texans achieved complete surprise. It was a bold attack in broad daylight but its success can be attributed in good part to Santa Anna's failure to post guards during the army's siesta. Santa Anna's army primarily consisted of professional soldiers, but they were trained to fight in ranks, exchanging volleys with their opponents. The Mexicans were ill-prepared and unarmed at the time of the sudden attack. Most were asleep with their soldaderas (i.e., wives and female soldiers), some were out gathering wood, and the cavalrymen were riding bareback fetching water. General Manuel Fernández Castrillón desperately tried to mount an organized resistance, but was soon shot down and killed. His panicked troops fled, and Santa Anna's defensive line quickly collapsed. The battle lasted eighteen minutes. According to Houston's official report, the casualties were 630 Mexicans killed and 730 taken prisoner. Against this, only nine of the 910 Texans were killed or mortally wounded and thirty were wounded less seriously. Houston's ankle was shattered by a rifle ball. The Texans captured a large supply of muskets, pistols, sabers, mules, horses, provisions, clothing, tents, and $12,000 in silver. During the battle, General Santa Anna disappeared and a search party consisting of James A. Sylvester, Washington H. Secrest, Sion R. Bostick, and a Mr. Cole was sent out the next morning. However, Santa Anna shed his ornate uniform to elude discovery. It was not until he was saluted as "El Presidente" that suspicion was narrowed. Unfortunately for Santa Anna, it was well known that he wore silk underwear. So, when it was Santa Anna Surrenders To Sam Houston discovered that this same person who had been saluted was also wearing silk underwear, the Texans knew they had captured General Santa Anna. Page 4 General Houston spared Santa Anna's life and many historians believe that it was because both men were Freemasons, but Houston claimed it was because it would be much better for Texas to negotiate an end to the overall hostilities and force the withdrawal from Texas of Santa Anna and his remaining columns. Compiled from Wikipedia, Texas State Library and Archives Commission and Handbook of Texas On-Line, by John “Corky” Daut, P.M. Waller Masonic Lodge #808, Contributing Editor to the Grand Lodge of Texas History Committee. It All Started With A Swastika And A School Project From The Rural Lodge newsletter When his seven-year-old daughter drew a swastika as a symbol of her family history, Giles Milton was shocked. He knew it was time to ask his German father-in-law about his part in the war and life under Hitler I had always wondered what, exactly, my German father-inlaw did during the war. I had never dared ask because he is a deeply private person. And he had certainly never volunteered any information. Even my wife, Alexandra, knew very little. "He never talks about it," she said. "It was a bad time of his life." "And?" "And that's it." All we could gather was that he had been conscripted into the army in 1942 and almost died on the Eastern Front. It was not until my seven-year-old daughter, Madeleine, was set a school project that I discovered a great deal more about his extraordinary wartime odyssey. Madeleine's project was to design a heraldic shield that represented the most important elements in her family background. Aware that one set of grandparents was German, she proudly decorated her shield with the only German symbol she knew: a giant swastika. My wife was horrified and swiftly suggested she change it. But this left Madeleine perplexed. She was proud of her German roots and wanted to celebrate the fact in her heraldic shield. She knew nothing of the swastika's evil associations. To her innocent eyes, it meant nothing bad. We knew it would be only a matter of time before Madeleine and “The regime announced her sisters would discover that all masons who had the horrors of the Third Reich. They would also soon discover all not immediately quit the stereotypes that people held about Germany. Would they therefore their lodges were forbidden from ever choose to distance themselves from their German roots? To do so joining the Nazi party – would be sad, for the story of their grandfather, Wolfram Aïchele, a stricture that turned out to be one that overturned all the cliches. The swastika incident led me to ask Wolfram – now 87 and a Wolfram's father exploited fully. He used distinguished artist – all the questions I had never dared to put to him. it as an excuse for never His family, he told me, had been against Hitler from the outset. His becoming a party father, Erwin, was a bohemian animal artist who kept a large member” menagerie in the garden. He was also a freemason, who counted many intellectual Jews among his clients and friends. Page 5 Wolfram's mother, Marie Charlotte, was equally idiosyncratic: highly cultivated, she was deeply involved in the Rudolf Steiner movement, with its emphasis on the freedom of individual thought. The family lived in a rambling villa just outside the town of Pforzheim, in southern Germany. One of Wolfram's earliest memories is of spying on the maid as she took her bath. Her naked body was not the only attraction. She always bathed with her pet snake coiled around her neck. The family's interests and eccentricities were to put them on the wrong side of the Third Reich. The momentous political transformation of Germany had its first direct effect on the family within weeks of Hitler becoming chancellor in January 1933. Erwin's freemasonry lodge was closed and banned. Wolfram Aichele on leave in February 1944, aged 19 “The regime announced that all masons who had not immediately quit their lodges were forbiddenfrom ever joining the Nazi party – a stricture that Wolfram's father exploited fully. He used it as an excuse for never becoming a party member” The regime announced that all masons who had not immediately quit their lodges were forbidden from ever joining the Nazi party – a stricture that Wolfram's father exploited fully. He used it as an excuse for never becoming a party member, though he was a state employee of the local art school. This immediately rendered him suspect in the eyes of the regime. There were soon many disquieting changes to daily life. Goebbels declared that the new government "no longer intends to leave people to their own devices". The regime banned the traditional Schwabish greeting "Grüss Gott" or "God be with you". Henceforth, Wolfram's parents were obliged to say "Heil Hitler". Street names were also changed. The principal thoroughfare in Pforzheim was named after Hitler, as were several schools. The new regime began to impinge on home life as well. A huge public burning of "dirt and shame" books in Pforzheim was followed by an intrusive visit to the villa by the Gestapo. They had heard that Wolfram's mother possessed banned books. Fortunately, she had hidden them all under the dining room floorboards. The young Wolfram had inherited his father's artistic genes. He developed a passion for medieval art and spent his weekends visiting local churches in order to draw the Gothic altarpieces. Now these visits were brought to an abrupt end by the obligations of the Hitler Youth – marching, drilling and endless military exercises. Wolfram complained to his father, who asked a doctor friend to write a note excusing his son on grounds of ill health. For the next three years, Wolfram avoided attending the Hitler Youth – a very unusual case. As Hitler consolidated his grip on power, Wolfram's parents saw their beloved Germany steadily overtaken by forces of darkness. They continued to invite free-thinking friends to their hilltop home. But Wolfram's mother was now under Gestapo surveillance, making life increasingly intolerable. Moreover, many of the family's wealthier Jewish friends had left Germany while they still could. Those who didn't leavewere deported to a concentration camp in 1940. The biggest impact on family life came in 1942 when 17-year-old Wolfram was conscripted into the Reich Labour Service, the first step into the military. He learned that he was to be sent to Russia. His mother was distraught, though she attempted to put a brave face on it. "In this day and age," she wrote, "you have to take things as they come. Everyone has to remain strong … in this fight between good spirits and bad." After eight weeks of training, Wolfram boarded a train for the Crimea. It was during this journey through the occupied east that he got his first inkling of crimes being Page 6 committed in Germany's name. His first shock came when the train drew into the Belorussian frontier town of BrestLitovsk. Scores of Jewish women, all wearing yellow stars, were cleaning dirt from between the tracks. They were in a pitiful condition – their famished frames a visible testimony to long months of hunger. Another group of Jews were engaged in a desperate brawl over empty food tins thrown out of the train by German soldiers. They were wiping the insides of the tins with their fingers in the hope of finding some nourishment. In the town itself, Wolfram witnessed a German guard smashing a Soviet prisonerof-war around the head with a spade – his first direct experience of the brutality taking place in the occupied lands. Little did he know that these prisoners-of-war were actually among the more fortunate. Most of the 950,000 Soviet soldiers taken prisoner were starved to death or imprisoned without shelter in the cruel months of midwinter. Wolfram contracted diphtheria soon after arriving in Crimea and fell critically ill. The doctors informed his parents that hewas going to die. For many months, he hovered between life and death. When he finally awoke from his coma, he learned that his comrades had all been killed at Stalingrad. Once he had recuperated, he was sent to Normandy where German coastal defenses were being strengthened in preparation for the anticipated Allied invasion. He had been trained as a communications expert – a dangerous job, for the Morse code men were often in the front line of battle. D-day arrived, on 6 June 1944, and Wolfram was sent northward towards Utah beach. His group had no maps and inadvertently strayed into the American beachhead. Surrounded and trapped, they were sitting ducks when the Americans launched a massive aerial attack. Allied planes screamed in from the sea, spilling hundreds of shells on to the troops below. As shrapnel filled the air, Wolfram flung himself into a ditch. The blitz of fire came to a temporary halt and he briefly lifted his head as the planes traced a circle in the sky. He was appalled by the scene of destruction around him. The ground was on fire, strewn with the dead and the dying A young student artist, with a powerful visual memory, he found himself gazing on a canvas that would remain with him for ever. His comrades lay wounded and bleeding, their bodies punctured by bullets. Wolfram eventually surrendered to the Americans and spent the next two years as a prisonerof-war, first in England and then in America. It was there, in Oklahoma, where he and his comrades first learned of the horrors of the Holocaust. When he finally returned to Germany, he found that the town of his childhood had been reduced to rubble. On 23 February 1945, the RAF had launched one of its most devastating firestorm raids on the town. In less than 20 minutes, 17,000 Pforzheimers lost their lives, including many friends of the family. "Whole families have died," wrote Wolfram's mother. "There are children without parents and parents without children. . . Frau Müller and Frau Kropt have died; her daughter at the fish shop has died. So many people have died." Yet Wolfram's immediate family had been extraordinarily lucky. Wolfram, his brother and sister had all survived the war. So, too, had his parents. Though they had Page 7 been viewed as suspect by the regime – and were under Gestapo surveillance – they came through unscathed. The 12 years of the Third Reich were nevertheless dangerous: for Wolfram, 66 years later, the memories remain raw. "The images of war are imprinted in my head," he says. "They will never leave." Now he has conjured them to life for a new generation – one that stands at a far remove from the horrors of war. And my children – with their half-German roots – can take quiet pride in the fact that their family was among the few who kept their integrity and dignity during the dark years of the Third Reich. Madeleine, now 15, and her sister Heloise, 13, have both chosen to learn German at school. Aurelia, 9, also wants to learn the language. And we often return to Wolfram's childhood home – still owned by the family – for summer holidays. Of course, my daughters still laugh at John Cleese pretending to be German in Fawlty Towers. They are still amused by his "Don't mention the war" sketch. But they also know that behind the humour, there was profound human suffering and misery. And they know that their grandfather experienced his share of it. Wolfram: The Boy Who Went to War is published by Sceptre, £20, on 11 February. To order a copy for £15.99, with free UK p&p, go to guardian.co.uk/bookshop or call 0330 333 6846 UK: It all started with a swastika and a school project Pforzheim, Schwabia Surviving The Big Ones By John “Corky” Daut The big ones for me were that 16 year period between the Great Depression and World War II. Being born in 1928, I grew up during the hard times between the stock market crash of 1929 and the end of World War II in 1945. There was a lot of promotion last fall for people, especially old people to get a flu shot. I would guess that a lot of people don’t realize how dangerous the flu could be or how dangerous it has been in the past. Nellie and I ran across an old “Hempstead News” newspaper dated November 1, 1918 in some of the stuff my mother had saved. There were 2 articles in that paper that immediately caught my eye. The first was a story about the death of Harry Lee Milam who was my grandfather. The family always believed Harry Lee’s devotion to his work at the Pine Island/Prairie View post office was what caused his death. He, along with many people in the winter of 1918 - 1919, became a victim of the influenza epidemic. Just as he begin to recover from a bad cold, an early cold wet norther swept through Waller County. That evening at train time he began to worry about the mail pickup. In those days the mail sack was hung on a pole beside the railroad tracks and a steel hook was extended from the mail car to catch the mailbag as the train rushed by. It was a wonderful system, except that sometime the train rocked at the wrong moment and the hook only knocked the mail sack off the pole and a considerable way down the tracks. One of Harry Lee's responsibilities was hanging the mail sack on the pole. He was worrying whether the mail sack had been hung correctly by his replacement, as he got out of bed and stood in the open front door waiting for the train to pass, so that he would be sure the mail sack was picked up. The door was on the north side of the house and that short exposure to the cold north wind was enough to cause him to relapse and go into the pneumonia Page 8 that killed him. (Of course we know now that it had to have been personal contact with someone who was infected.) The second article was about Tommy Gardner who was the first soldier from Hempstead to die in W.W. I.. Tommy and Harry Lee were both victims of the 1918 “Spanish Flu Epidemic”. In fact allmost every family in the United States lost a family member during that epidemic including a lot from Waller County. 600,000 Americans died that fall. That’s more then had died in all of the wars in the United States up to that time. People who would be walking around in perfect health in the morning would be dead that night. They didn’t know where it came from or even why it ended. In fact, at that time they were still looking for a bacterium as the cause of the flu instead of a virus. At it’s peak, the death rate was so high, that caskets couldn’t be built fast enough to keep up with the number of people who were dying. It started in the early morning of March 11, 1918 when soldiers at Ft. Riley Kansas begin coming down with an unknown sickness and 48 of the men died. The viruses traveled with some of the soldiers who were transferring from that base to other bases and some who were going overseas. In September of that year, 3 civilians dropped dead in the street in Quincy, Mass. and it was back in the United States. By October 70,000 soldiers in Europe were sick. Back home the disease spread until it covered the entire country. Finally, late in November it played itself out and disappeared. I hope we all realize now why the “Bird Flu” was taken so seriously in the Orient recently when they burned millions of chickens. Even the children had the flu on their minds in 1918 as is shown by the little rhyme they jumped rope to. I have a little bird It’s name is Enza I opened the window and In-flu-enza The following advertisement came from that same “Hempstead News.” It gives a hint as to the seriousness of the threat. W. C. MUNN COMPANY HOUSTON AN INVITATION W. C. MUNN COMPANY of Houston, Texas, extends to the Good people of Hempstead and vicinity a most cordial invitation to visit the city of Houston and their big store, which is the most sanitary, best ventilated Store in Texas with entrance on four streets, where you will find 50,000 square feet of floor space filled bright new merchandise. It is a most delightful place to spend a whole day, taking lunch and Saturday evening dinner in their delightful Café and Tea Room, Health conditions of Houston are good, “The Flu Lid is Off”—COME By W. C. MUNN, President As you may have caught from the wording of the advertisement, this was toward the end of the terrible flue epidemic of 1918 and businessmen had been suffering from a lack of customers. Mr. Munn was trying to assure the people of Waller County that it was safe to shop Page 9 in Houston, at Munn’s Store of course. The Powerful Myth of Hiram Abiff Author Bro Roger Marjoribanks – England Brethren, let us consider for a moment the legend of Hiram Abiff as told in our 3rd Degree ceremony, remembering that what we have is not the Hiram of Biblical history but a powerfully mythical figure designed to illustrate dramatically an important Masonic lesson - the supreme importance of fidelity. Hiram, although faced with the imminent prospect of death, replies firmly that “he would rather suffer death than betray the sacred trust reposed in him.” He is duly murdered, having clothed the well-known saying “death before dishonour” in flesh and blood. Whether the story was a revival in the 1720s of an old dramatic tale of our ancient operative brethren or invented out of whole cloth cannot now be determined for certain; but the lesson imparted is both dramatic and clear - that secrecy and fidelity to one’s brethren are supreme Masonic virtues. Thus the instructions contained in the Charge to the Initiate are reinforced. There is a further mystery in this story: if, as Hiram is made to say, the secret of a Master Mason is known to “but three in the world” - King Solomon, King Hiram and himself - how can his death cause Solomon to say later that as a result “the secrets of a Master Mason were lost”; surely there were still two people who knew them? This just might be an oversight by the story-teller; the only satisfactory answer I have come across is that it was not so much the secrets themselves that were lost but any legitimate method of communicating them, which required the co-operation of the three Masters, rather as such communication in our chapters requires. Just as a triangle is a perfectly rigid figure when complete, but swings uselessly when one is removed, so it is envisaged is the case with the secrets of a Master Mason. Finally, brethren, a new-made Master Mason may well ask why he is being fobbed off with mere “substituted secrets,” when it is well known that the three degrees of the Craft form a complete whole. This section is quite deliberately introduced, and is clearly integral to the ceremony. Some may say that exaltation to the Holy Royal Arch is required for completion, but a fairly recent ruling destroys that comforting illusion. Otherwise, differing explanations have been given, notably by Rev. N.B.Barker-Cryer and Julian Rees1. I should not presume to choose between various choices, though my personal preference is for Rees’s suggestion that the genuine secrets of a Master Mason are to be found within the Mason’s heart as he progresses in Masonic spirituality. Whatever our interpretation of the problems raised by the story of Hiram, there can surely be no doubt that the new-made Master Mason has a right for his mentors within the lodge to confront these difficulties - very genuine ones for an intelligent brother - with him, in the hope that for him the light may shine in the darkness. course. ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Saturday morning I got up early, quietly dressed, made my lunch, grabbed the dog, and slipped quietly into the garage. I started the truck, clicked the garage door opener and started to back out to hook up the boat. I backed into a torrential downpour and the wind was blowing 50 mph. So, I pulled back into the garage, turned on the truck radio, and discovered that the weather would be bad all day. I went back into the house, quietly undressed, and slipped back into bed. I cuddled up to my wife's back, now with a different anticipation, and whispered, 'The weather out there is terrible.' My loving wife of 10 years replied, 'Can you believe my stupid husband is out fishing in that?' And then the fight started . . . Page 10 Masons’ Marks Get A Revival From The Cross Keys Monthly Newsletter of Lodge Houstoun St. Johnstone of Scotland It's the flat-pack furniture problem that almost all of us have faced. You open the box, trawl through its contents, lay everything out, then cross-reference the instructions. You look at them every which way since they appear to be in Sanskrit, then have a go, and feel like you've done a decent job. Only then, disaster strikes. You turn around and see an extra three pieces of your flatpacked furniture kit lying innocently behind you. Will the bed collapse in the night? But a remedy could be in sight. New research into the work patterns of medieval masons by academics at the University of Warwick could spell an end to the leaflet-grappling, componentfinding problem of furniture assembly. So build-your-own cupboard and bed designers, l isten up. The idea is centred around a system called masons' marks, a series of sophisticated symbols that, for the past 4,000 years, have been used by designers and builders to inscribe patterns on stones to enable instructions to be transferred with ease. Originally, they helped illiterate masons to carry out their orders and know which materials fitted in where. But now Dr Jenny Alexander, of Warwick's history of art department, believes modern manufacturers could use the marks as a cheap and efficient way to help us put together self-assembly furniture at home. "If companies that make flat-pack furniture used a system similar to masons' assembly marks to show which pieces went together, it could remove the need for the complex and often impenetrable instruction booklets they currently issue," she explains. Doing so would resurrect a system popular for centuries. Indeed, the inspiration for Alexander's research came when she was studying for a doctorate at Lincoln Cathedral, which was built in 1072 but destroyed by an earthquake soon after, and later rebuilt. The cathedral, Alexander says, "had so many of the marks all over it that I decided to see if I could use them in some way, as part of a study of the construction of the building". She discovered that the simple designs and ciphers were cut into several faces of the dressed stone, and learned that as well as being used to transmit instructions between de-signers or master masons and their workforce, the marks were also used to help assemble pieces that had been carved elsewhere and then transported to the building site – just as we do with self-assembly furniture. Alexander also discovered that medieval stonemasons used to have their own marks for when they were working on part of a specific project, which would then be used as a kind of "clocking in" system to ensure they were paid for their part of the work. "The marks had an agreed meaning within the building trade, and are understood in the same way as mathematical symbols," she explains. "So, for example, when the sign '+' means one thing in math, another thing on a road sign, and a third thing in a religious context, as a Page 11 masons' mark it has a fourth meaning – indicating where in the overall design the piece fits – which has nothing to do with the other three meanings." Even nowadays, there's no need to travel too far to find masons' marks. They are visible on old buildings all over the world, from the stone buildings found in Pompeii to the Capitol building in Washington, and on kerb stones in Newcastle upon Tyne. "They can also be found on most medieval cathedrals and plenty of Elizabethan houses," Alexander adds, before going on to say that her research into the marks' existence stemmed from her interest in understanding how the great buildings in the past were designed and built "before the advent of modern technologies". She explains: "It's clear that you could set a medieval mason to work building a modern cathedral and he would be able to work alongside his modern counterpart, but there's no longer an equivalent to the master mason, the person who designed and oversaw the engineering of the building – the job has now fragmented into a lot of specialisations." Alexander's current research includes an examination of the period during the 16th and 17th centuries when the architect – as we understand the job today – began to emerge, and the master mason disappeared. "By looking at the organisation of this workforce and their use of non-literate communication systems in comparison to the medieval ones like masons' marks, we can get a sense of how long the medieval traditions lasted," she explains. "The great houses of the Elizabethans and Jacobeans can now be understood more fully by this sort of buildings archaeology, and the people who actually built these structures emerge from the shadows at last." Some modern stone masons still use marks, but they are no longer made on to visible surfaces. Alexander does, however, have one exception: "I once met a mason in the cathedral at Trondheim, in Nor-way, who had a masons' mark as a tattoo," she says. But if you're hoping the marks will make a comeback in furniture flat-pack, you'll have to cross your fingers that one of the firms' bosses is reading this. "There are a few bookcases in my house with shelves the wrong way around, but I haven't contacted the manufacturer," says Alexander. "I'm just an academic, trying to understand the great buildings of the past." Taken from The Guardian newspaper (2010) Cross Keys February 2015 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ My name is Bob White and I was sitting in the waiting room for my first appointment with a new dentist. I noticed his DDS diploma, which bore his full name. Then I remembered a tall, dark-haired guy with the same name had been in my high school class some 50-odd years ago. Could he be the same guy that I had a known, way back then? Upon seeing him, however, I quickly discarded any such thought. This balding, gray-haired man with the deeply lined face was way too old to have been my classmate. After he examined my teeth, I asked him if he had attended Yarmouth High School. “Yes. yes, I did. I'm a dolphin,” he gleamed with pride. 'When did you graduate?' I asked. He answered, 'in 1957. . . why do you ask?' “You were in my class!” I exclaimed. He looked at me closely, than that ugly, old, bald, wrinkled, gray-haired, decrepit Page 12 son-of-a-b asked me, "What did you teach?” Please Notice The Day Of This Celebration Has Been Changed to A Saturday Brother, I, too, own a television set, but that does not keep me at home on lodge night. I have never yet had one of the chracters on television come off the screen and shake my hand. They have never offered me the warm friendship that my lodge brothers do. They have never handed me a cup of coffee or a doughnut. Not Ever! Page 13 The Evolution of the Cornerstone Ceremony By S Brent Morris (From the Rural Lodge Newsletter) Dr Morris is a member and Past Master of Potmos Lodge #70, Ellicott City MD and a Fellow of the Philalethes Society. He is the author of Masonic Philanthropies. Excerpted from Cornerstones of Freedom; A Masonic Tradition, by Bro S Brent Morris and published by the Supreme Council, 33ø, S. J. in October 1993. The First Recorded Masonic Ceremony The Masonic cornerstone ceremony, like most complex customs, has evolved over years of use. It is easy for the romantic to imagine King Solomon using our current rituals to lay the cornerstone of the Temple of the Lord in Jerusalem, but such was not the case. The Masonic cornerstone ceremony first appeared in the middle 1700s and in less than a century had finished evolving, except for minor grammatical changes. The procedure, at least as used in America, can be traced fairly well through its entire evolution, though Grand Lodges differ on the exact details of their cornerstone ceremonies. “The earliest record of a formal and official Masonic ceremony is that of the laying of the Foundation Stone of the New Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh by the Earl of Cromarty, Grand Master of Scottish Masons, on 2 August 1738.” The description of the event was written sixty-six years later in 1804 by Alexander Lawrie in his History of free Masonry. Lawrie describes a simple, almost primitive ceremony. “When the company came to the ground, the Grand Master, and his brethren of the free and accepted Masons, surrounded the plan of the foundation hand in hand: and the Grand MasterMason. along with the press [representatives] of the Managers of the Royal Infirmary, having come to the east corner of the foundation where the stone was to be laid, placed the same in its bed; and after the Right Honorable the Lord Provost had laid a medal under it each in their turns gave three strokes upon the stone with an iron mallet, which was succeeded by three clarions of the trumpet, three huzzas, and three claps of the hands.”’ James Anderson reported a similarly simple ceremony on 19 March 1721, in his 1723 The Constitutions of the Free-Masons, though the Grand Lodge of England apparently was not involved. “The Bishop of Salisbury went in an orderly Procession , duly attended, and having levell’d the first Stone, gave it two or three Knocks with a Mallet, upon which the Trumpets sounded, and a vast Multitude made loud Acclamations of Joy; when his Lordship laid upon the Stone a Purse of 100 Guineas, as a Present from his Majesty for the use of the Craftsmen.” The Contributions Of Preston And Webb What the two accounts above show is that there was little form to the procedure. The only point in common to the two “ceremonies were the symbolic striking of the Stone with a mallet. In just a few decades, though, the ritual evolved into something more recognizable to the modern form. In 1772 William Preston published illustrations of Masonry, which presented an official version of the lectures, forms, and ceremonies of the Lodge. Preston based his book on the Page 14 practices in Lodges across England. Twenty-five years later in 1797 Thomas Smith Webb published The Freemason’s Monitor, his version of Preston adopted for American Masonry. The cornerstone ceremonies of Preston in 1772 and those of Webb in 1797 are quite simple, though evolved beyond the descriptions of Lawrie and Anderson. Preston limited attendance to the Grand Lodge while Webb welcomed members of private Lodges. Webb’s ritual shows the introduction of corn, wine, and oil, the tests of trueness of the stone, and the now almost universal approbation from the Grand Master that the stone is “well formed, true, and trusty.” Both Preston and Webb follow the generosity of King George toward the workmen and have a voluntary collection taken for the workers; virtually all subsequent rituals require a similar collection. This generosity may be based on the description in Ezra 3:7 of the preparations for the second temple in Jerusalem. “So they gave money to the masons and the carpenters, and food, drink, and oil to the Sidonians and the Tyrians to bring cedar trees from Lebanon to the sea, to Joppa, according to the grant which they had from Cyrus King of Persia.” THE US CAPITOL CEREMONIES IN 1793 The cornerstone of the US Capitol was laid in 1793, between the publication of the first edition of Preston in 1772 in London and the first edition of Webb in 1797 in Albany. Preston’s Ilustrations of Masonry was certainly available to the Masons who planned the Capitol cornerstone laying. More familiar to the planners would have been John K Read’s New; Ahiman Rezon published in Richmond in 1791, two years before the Capitol event. Read’s book was published for the guidance of Virginia Lodges and dedicated to “George Washington, Esq. President of the United States of America,” but there were no instructions for cornerstone layings. There is circumstantial evidence that the procedures used by George Washington were more like those of Webb than Preston. The newspaper account of the day specifically mentions that corn, wine, and oil were placed on the cornerstone after it was set in place. Also, Alexandria-Washington Lodge #22 have a wooden triangle and T-square from the 1793 ceremonies, which must have been used to symbolically try the stone. Later Developments 19 September 1793 Masonic Cornerstone Laying at the Capitol Succeeding generations of Masonic lecturers and writers have tried their hands at producing the “perfect” textbook for teaching Masonic ritual. Each new monitor The trowel that Bro Washington showed the “improvements” of its author-perhaps used, is now t AlexandriaWashington Lodge 22, expanded explanations, or improved grammar, or Washington’s blue lodge. clarified directions. Sometimes the books would reflect the peculiar development of Masonic ritual in some particular part of the country. The cornerstone Page 15 ceremony, however, has remained relatively consistent from author to author and from region to region. The few changes made were usually logical expansions of earlier ceremonies; there have been no radical departures. Webb’s anointing with corn. wine. and oil together with his benediction for the stone, which begins “May the all bounteous Author of Nature...,” have been universally adopted by his American successors. A brief summary of changes in the cornerstone ceremony from some of the more popular Masonic monitors will give a sense of the evolution. In 1819 Jeremy Ladd Cross published The True Masonic Chart of Hieroglyphic 19 September 1793 Masonic Cornerstone Monitor, which was essentially Webb’s Laying at the Capitol book with the addition of original engravings, the first such illustrations; it had no changes from webb. Samual Cole’s 1862 Freemason’s Library does not differ materially from Webb or Cross, but Cole is one of the only writers to omit the collection for the workers. The Baltimore Convention of 1843 was the biggest attempt to produce a uniform American Masonic ritual, and the effort failed. Charles W Moore produced The Masonic Trestleboard in 1843 following the convention’s ritual. His only significant change to the cornerstone ceremony was the recommendation of hymns to be sung. The rituals of the Baltimore convention were not universally accepted, which led John Dove to produce The Virginia Textbook in 1846, supposedly correcting the errors found in Moore. Dove and Moore agreed on the essentials of the cornerstone ceremony, though they did recommend different hymns. The Modern Ceremony Albert G Mackey was one of the most productive and successful Masonic writers of the nineteenth century (though his theories of Masonic origins are entirely discounted by serious historians today). Mackey’s 1862 Manual of the Lodge made three important additions to the ceremony, which essentially brings the evolution to modern practices. First, there are brief speaking parts for the Deputy Grand Master, Senior Grand Warden, and Junior Grand Warden, respectively explaining and presenting to the Grand Master the corn, wine, and oil. Second, Mackey has the now common address to the crowd wherein the Grand Master announces, “Be it known unto you that we be lawful Masons, true and faithful to the laws of our country..” It Page 16 is not known why Mackey thought it necessary to introduce this defense of Masonry. Finally, Mackey has the stone lowered into place by three distinct motions. Daniel Sickels was another prolific Masonic author and a contemporary of Mackey He edited The Freemason’s Monitor in 1864 and wrote The General Ahiman Rezon and Freemason’s Guide in 1866. His cornerstone ceremony represents about the greatest elaboration of Preston’s simple procedure from 1772. Rather than the Grand Master, Sickels has three principal subordinate grand officers, the Deputy Grand Master, Senior Grand Warden, and Junior Grand Warden, try the stone with their jewels of offices, the square, level, and plumb respectively. The Grand Master still declares the stone “well formed, true, and trusty.” The corn, wine, and oil are not just presented by the three grand officers but are spread by them with a more elaborate explanation of the symbolism. Sickels follows Mackey with the Grand Master’s defensive address on Masonry. Color Symbolism in Freemasonry Editor’s Note: I received the “Sunday Masonic Paper” from Brother Wayne Anderson this morning Feb.1, 2015. Almost made me feel bad basking in a 76 degree F. day in south Texas,” Greetings my Brethren on a bright yet cold Sunday Morning - bright sunshine today but temps 20C or -2F so a crisp winter day outside.” Bro. Leon Zeldis, Editor of “The Israel Freemason” Color is a fundamental element of masonic symbolism. It appears in the descriptions of aprons, sashes and other items of regalia, in the furnishings and wall-hangings of the lodge room or each degree or ceremony, in the robes worn in certain degrees, and in many other masonic accoutrements. The colors specified in each case appear to have no rational justification. As A.E. Waite wrote: "There is no recognized scheme or science of colors in Masonry. Here and there in our rituals we find an 'explanation' for the use of a certain color, but this usually turns out to be merely a peg on which to hang a homiletic lecture about it, having little if any connection with the origins of its use." This paper seeks to find some rationale behind the selection of colors as masonic symbols, restricting our examination to the Craft degrees, and those of the Ancient and Accepted (Scottish) Rite, with occasional reference to the Royal Arch. It was early recognized that colors have a strong influence on the mind and therefore can be employed for certain moral or aesthetic ends, through symbolical, allegorical and mystical allusions. Newton wrote of 'the sensual and moral effects of color,' where sensual must be understood as 'transmitted by the senses.' Goethe, too, wrote extensively on color (over 2,000 pages! ). Masonic Blue Blue, then, is the Craft color par excellence, used in aprons, collars, and elsewhere. Let us quote Bro. Chetwode Crawley. "The ordinary prosaic enquirer will see in the selection of blue as the distinctive color of Freemasonry only the natural sequence of the legend of King Solomon's Temple. For the Jews had been divinely commanded to wear...a 'riband of Page 17 blue' (Numbers 15:38).' A modern translation of that verse in Numbers is: 'You are to take tassels on the comers of your garments with a blue cord on each tassel.' The biblical text, then, refers to blue cords to be incorporated in the tassels worn by pious Jews, while Bro. Chetwode Crawley is speaking of blue ribbons which somehow became the embellishments of aprons, sashes and collars. Another suggested source of the color mentioned by Bro. Chetwode Crawley could be its association with St. Mary, mother of Jesus, 'so prominent a figure in the pre-Reformation invocations of the Old Charges, drawing in her train the red ensign of St. George of Cappadocia, her steward and our Patron Saint.' Blue and red, the heraldic azure and gules are sometimes associated with the chevron of the Arms of the Masons' Company. a) White White, the original color of the masonic apron, was always considered an emblem of purity and innocence, exemplified in images such as the white lily or fallen snow. Plato asserts that white is par excellence the color of the gods. In the Bible, Daniel sees God as a very old man, dressed in robes white as snow (Daniel 7:9). In the New Testament Jesus is transfigured on Mount Tabor before Peter, James and John, when his clothes became 'dazzling white, whiter than anyone in the world could bleach them' (Mark 9:3). Officiating priests of many religions wore and still wear white garments. In ancient Jerusalem both the priests and the Levites who performed the Temple rites assumed white clothing. Among Romans, the unblemished character of a person aspiring to public office was indicated by a toga whitened with chalk. This is the origin of the word 'candidate,' from candidatus 'dressed in white.' Verdicts at trials were decided by small stones (calculi) thrown into an urn: white to absolve, black to condemn. White signifies beginnings, virtualities, the white page facing the writer, 'the space where the possible may become reality.' White is therefore understandably the color of initiation. It is a symbol of perfection, as represented by the swan in the legend of Lohengrin. In this aspect it is related to light or sky blue, which in Hebrew is tchelet and may be connected semantically with tichla (perfection, completeness) and tachlit (completeness, purpose). (See also the obser-vations on the symbolism of blue.) Among the Celts the sacred colors of white, blue and green were understood to stand for light, truth and hope. Druids were robed in white. White is also connected with the idea of death and resurrection. Shrouds are white; spirits are represented as wearing white veils. White, rather than black, is sometimes the colour of mourning, among the ancient kings of France, for instance, and in Japan. White, finally, can signify joy. Leukos (Greek) means both white and cheerful; as does candidus in Latin. The Romans marked festive days with lime and unlucky days with charcoal. b) Blue Blue is the color of the canopy of heaven: azure, cerulean or sky blue. 'Universally, it denotes immortality, eternity, chastity, fidelity; pale blue, in particular, represents prudence and goodness.' In the Royal Arch, the Third Principal is told that it is an emblem of beneficence and charity. In biblical times, blue was closely related to purple. Generations of scholars have puzzled over the correct meaning of tchelet (light blue) and argaman (purple), usually mentioned together, without reaching satisfactory conclusions. Only recently has the problem been finally solved in the course of far-reaching research into the dyestuffs and dyeing methods used by the ancient Phoenicians and Hebrews. Both colors, it turns out, were produced with dyeing materials extracted from murex, a shellfish abundant on the coast of Lebanon. The Page 18 tchelet was obtained from a short-variety (murex trunculus); the argaman came from two kinds: the single-spined murex brandaris and, to a lesser extent, the Red-mouth (thais haemastoma). Some historians have concluded that, in the Middle Ages in Europe, blue was low in popular esteem. The favorite color was then red because the dyers could achieve strong shades of it which brought to mind the prestigious purple of the ancient world. Towards the end of that period, blue gradually became recognized as a princely color, the 'Royal Blue' which dis-placed red at court, red then being used by the lower classes and so regarded as vulgar. Blue and gold (or yellow) then became the colors of choice for shields, banners and livery. It may not be by chance, therefore, that the Master was said to be clothed in 'yellow jacket and blue breeches,' in the famous metaphor first used in an exposure, 'The Mystery of FreeMasonry,' which appeared in The Daily Journal in 1730. The traditional explanations of the phrase relate it to the compasses, the arms of gold, gilt or brass and the points of steel or iron. (Steel can certainly appear blue; iron cannot!) Blue was used royally in France noticeably as the background to the fleur-de-lys. It became associated with terms of prestige such as blue blood, cordon bleu (originally the sash of the Order of the Holy Spirit), blue riband (of the Atlantic) and blue chip. c) Purple Purple is a symbol of imperial royalty and rich-ness but can also relate to penitence and the solemnity of Lent and Advent in the seasons of the Christian church. Although described (in the Royal Arch, for instance) as 'an emblem of union, being composed of blue and crimson,' I believe this to be a somewhat contrived explanation. But an interesting fact, which appears to have escaped most writers on this subject, is that in the Cabbala, the Hebrew word for purple, argaman, is a mnemonic, representing the initials of the names of the five principal angels in Jewish esoterism. d) Red Red or crimson, the color of fire and heat, is traditionally associated with war and the military. In Rome the paludamentum, the robe worn by generals, was red. The color of blood is naturally connected with the idea of sacrifice, struggle and heroism. It also signifies charity, devotion, abnegation--perhaps recalling the pelican that feeds its progeny with its own blood. In Hebrew, the name of the first man, Adam, is akin to red, blood and earth. This connection with earth may explain, perhaps, the connection of red with the passions, carnal love, the cosmetics used by women to attract their lovers. It is the color of youth. Generally, it represents expansive force and vitality. It is the emblem of faith and fortitude and, in the Royal Arch, of fervency and zeal. It has also a darker side, connected with the flames of hell, the appearance of demons, the apoplectic face of rage. Scarlet was the distinctive color of the Order of the Golden Fleece, established in 1429 by Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy (1419-67). Not only was the mantle scarlet, but also the robe and a special hat—the chaperon--with hanging streamers. e) Green Green has been directly associated with the ideas of resurrection and immortality...The acacia (the masonic evergreen) has been suggested as a symbol of a moral life or rebirth, and also of immortality. To the ancient Egyptians, green was the symbol of hope. The Grand Lodge of Scotland has adopted green as its emblematic color, and, in varying shades, it is incorporated in the dress and furnishings of degrees and Orders beyond the Craft in English, Irish and Scottish Freemasonry. Page 19 f) Yellow Yellow is rarely seen in lodge, except perhaps on the Continent. It is an ambivalent color, representing both the best and the worst, the color of brass and honey, but also the color of sulfur and cowardice. Yellow is the perfection of the Golden Age, the priceless quality of the Golden Fleece and the golden apples of the Hesperides. It is also the color of the patch imposed on the Jews as a badge of infamy. In the sixteenth century, the door of a traitor's home was painted yellow. A 'jaundiced view' expresses hostility, but the most memorable symbolism of yellow is that it reminds us of the sun and of gold. g) Black The three fundamental colors found in all civilizations, down to the Middle Ages in Europe, are white, red and black. These, too, may be regarded as the principal colors of Freemasonry: the white of the Craft degrees, the red of the Royal Arch and of certain of the degrees of the Ancient and Accepted (Scottish) Rite, and the black of some of its others, and of the Knights of Malta. The other colors of the rainbow find limited uses; they serve only to frame or line the white lambskin upon which so many aprons are based, or for sashes and other items of regalia. Traditionally, black is the color of darkness, death, the underworld although it was not introduced for mourning until about the middle of the fourteenth century, such use becoming habitual only in the sixteenth. The 'black humor' of melancholy (atara hilis) the black crow of ill omen, the black mass, black market, 'black days': all refer to negative aspects. The Black Stone at Mecca is believed by Muslims to have been at one time white; the sins of man caused the transformation. Black has also a positive aspect, that of gravity and sobriety; the Reformation in Europe frowned upon colorful clothing. Formal dress for day and evening wear continues to be black. It is associated with the outlaw and the banners of pirates and anarchists, but also with rebirth and transformation. In the French and Scottish Rites, the lodge in the third degree is decorated in black and is strewn with white or silver tears, representing the sorrow caused by the death of Hiram Abif. Conclusion A review of the traditional explanations for the choice of certain colors in masonic symbolism reveals their weaknesses. In considering the use of blue in the English regalia of a Master Mason, it has been possible to find a connection between one of the Hebrew words for that colour and the Holy Bible. Wayne Anderson, FCF, MPS Alle Menschen werden Brueder 2B1 ASK1 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Preacher Henderson was bear hunting near one of the rivers in Alaska. After tramping through the snow for hours without seeing a bear he finally lost his temper and threw his rifle down in the snow and said, ‘Lord I wish I could see a bear.” Then+ he walked down by the river to cool off. After a few minutes he looked back up the hill where his rifle lay in the snow and saw a huge grizzly bear running full speed toward him. He immediately dropped to his knees raised his arms and said, “Lord I am in bad trouble, please make this bear a Christian.” The bear stopped instantly. After a few seconds it reared up on it back legs and raised its front paws up toward the sky. Then it said, “Lord, I want to thank you for this meal I am about to receive.” Page 20 Death of a Mason THIS DAY WAS PUBLISHED, (Price 2ſ. Lawful Money ſingle and 1/8. the doz.) By Thomas Leverett, Nicholas Bowes and Henry Knox in Cornhill, REFLECTIONS ON DEATH. By WILLIAM DODD, LL. D. Prebendary of Brecon and Chaplain in Ordinary to His Majesty. It is appointed once for men to die, but a deſire of extending the very laudable Practice of giving Books at Funerals, and the great propriety of the preſent Work for that Purpoſe, have induced the Editors to put this valuable Performance one Third cheaper than the London Edition, although it is by no Means Inferior in point of Elegance Boston Gazette Death of a Mason The hanging of Bro Dodd The Knox mentioned in the ad at right is Bro Henry Knox, the Boston bookseller, who later became Major-General Knox. Dr Dodd mentioned was a prominent Mason who went astray. He forged his employer's signature and in a cause-celebre was hanged for forgery. The Officers and Members of the GRAND LODGE, and the Repreſentatives of Lodges, are hereby requeſted to attend a Quarterly Communication at Concert-Hall in Boſton, on the evening of Monday, the 9th March, at 7 o'clock. By order of the Moſt Worſhipful PAUL REVERE, G. Maſter. DANIEL OLIVER, G. Secretary. Boſton, Feb. 28, 5795. Doctor of Divinity, Prebendary of Brecon, Chaplain-in-Ordinary Actual newspaper to his Majesty, and Minister to the Magdalen Hospital. Executed at advertisement from 1795 Dr Tyburn, 27th of June, 1777, for Forgery Dodd mentioned was a THE apprehending of such a man as Doctor Dodd, on a charge of prominent Mason who went astray. He forged his forgery, was a matter of surprise and conjecture among all ranks of employer's signature and in people. He stood high in estimation as a divine, a popular preacher and a cause-celebre was hanged an elegant scholar. for forgery. He was the promoter of many public charities, and of some others he may be said to have been the institutor. The Magdalen for reclaiming Young Women who had swerved from the Path of Virtue, the Society for the Relief of Poor Debtors, and that of the Humane Society for the Recovery of Persons apparently Drowned, owed their institution to Dr. Dodd. He was patronized by the King, and more immediately by Lord Chesterfield; and his Church preferment’s were lucrative. It, however, appeared that his expenses outran his income, and for a supply of cash he committed a forgery on his late pupil, the Earl of Chesterfield. Another singular circumstance in the life of Dr Dodd was his publication, a few years previous to his execution, of a sermon, e ntitled The Frequency of Capital Punishment inconsistent with Justice, Sound Policy and Religion. This, he said, was intended to have been preached at the Chapel Royal, at St James's; but omitted on account of the absence of the Court during the author's month of waiting. The method adopted in this forgery was remarkable. He pretended that the noble lord had urgent occasion to borrow four thousand pounds, but did not choose to be his own agent, and begged that the matter might be secretly and expeditiously conducted. The Doctor employed Page 21 one Lewis Robertson, a broker, to whom he presented a bond, not filled up or signed, that he might find a person who would advance the requisite sum to a young nobleman who had lately come of age. After applying to several persons who refused the business, because they were not to be present when the bond was executed. Excerpt from the contemporary Newgate Calendar a book Excerpt from the contemporary containing highly popular and lurid descriptions of crimes and Newgate Calendar a book criminals. London’s infamous Newgate Prison Mr Robertson, containing highly popular and lurid descriptions of crimes absolutely confiding in the Doctor's honour, applied to Messrs and criminals. Fletcher & Peach, who agreed to lend the money. Mr Robertson returned the bond to the Doctor, in order to its being executed; and on the following day the Doctor produced it as executed, and witnessed by himself. Mr Robertson, knowing Mr Fletcher to be a particular man, and who would consequently object to one subscribing witness only, put his name under the Doctor's. He then went and received the money, which he paid into the hands of Dr Dodd --- four thousand pounds --- and produced the bond. Lord Chesterfield was surprised, and immediately disowned London’s infamous Newgate it. Upon this Mr Manly went directly to Mr Fletcher to consult Prison what steps to take. Mr Fletcher, a Mr Innes and Mr Manly went to the Guildhall, to prefer an information respecting the forgery against the broker and Dr Dodd. Mr Robertson was taken into custody, while Fletcher, Innes, Manly and two of the Lord Mayor's officers went to the house of the Doctor in Argyle Street. They opened the business, and the Doctor was very much affected. Manly told him that if he would return the money it would be the only means of saving him. He instantly returned six notes of five hundred pounds each, making three thousand pounds. He drew on his banker for five hundred pounds, the broker returned one hundred pound, the Doctor gave a second draft on his banker for two hundred pounds and a judgment on his goods for the remaining four hundred pounds. All this was done by the Doctor in full reliance on the honour of the parties that the bond should be returned to him cancelled; but, notwithstanding this restitution, he was taken before the Lord Mayor, and charged. The Doctor declared he had no intention to defraud Lord Chesterfield or the gentleman who advanced the money. He hoped that the satisfaction he had made in returning the money would atone for his offence. He was pressed, he said, exceedingly for three hundred pounds to pay some bills due to tradesmen. He too k this step as a temporary resource, and would have repaid it in half-a-year. "My Lord Chesterfield," added he, "cannot but have some tenderness for me, as my pupil. I love him, and he knows it. There is nobody wishes to prosecute. I am sure my Lord Chesterfield does not want my life. I hope he will show clemency to me. Mercy should triumph over justice." Clemency, however, was denied; and the Doctor was committed to the compter, in preparation for his trial. On the 19th of February Dr Dodd was put to the bar at the Old Bailey. When the evidence was gone through, the Court called upon the Doctor for his defence, which was as follows - MY LORDS AND GENTLEMEN OF THE JURY, --- Upon the evidence which has been this day produced against me I find it very difficult to address your Lordships there is no man in the world who has a deeper sense of the heinous nature of the crime for which Page 22 I stand indicted than myself. But, my Lords, I humbly apprehend, though no lawyer, that the moral turpitude and malignancy of the crime always, both in the eye of the law and of The Rev. Dodd wrote some fifty religion, consists in the intention. I am books, poems, pamphlets, theological informed, my Lords, works and newspaper articles— that the Act of perhaps the best known being Parliament on this head Beauties of Shakespeare—and later in runs perpetually in this life was appointe tutor for Philip style, with an intention Stanhope, son of Lord Chesterfield. As the first Grand Chaplain of to defraud. Such an intention, my Lords and gentlemen England, on 1 May 1775 he gave the of the jury, I believe, has not been attempted to be proved upon me, and the consequences that have happened, oration on the occasion of the which have appeared before you, sufficiently prove that cornerstone laying for Grand Lodge on a perfect and ample restitution has been made. I leave it, Great Queen Street. Dodd was allowed to travel to his my Lords, to you, and the gentlemen of the jury, to consider that if an unhappy man ever deviates from the execution in a private coach, law of right, yet if in the single first moment of accompanied by his father. An recollection he does all that he can to make full and eyewitness, Henry Angelo, reports: perfect amends, what, my Lords and gentlemen of the Every visage expressed sadness; it appeared, indeed, a day of universal jury, can God and man desire further? I must observe to your Lordships that though I have calamity.... Thousands sobbed aloud, met with all candour in this court, yet I have been pursued and many a woman swooned at the sight.... [Dodd’s] corpse-like with excessive cruelty: I have been prosecuted after the appearance produced an awful most express engagements, after the most solemn picture of human woe. Tens of assurances, after the most delusive, soothing arguments thousands of hats, which formed a of Mr Manly; I have been prosecuted with a cruelty black mass, as the coach advanced, scarcely to be paralleled. were taken off simultaneously.... [The Oppressed as I am with infamy, loaded as I am with crowd’s] silence added to the distress, sunk under this cruel prosecution, your awfulness of the scene. Lordships and the gentlemen of the jury cannot think life Once the hangman, Ned Dennis, a matter of any value to me. No, my Lords, I solemnly had "turned him off", Dodd’s friends protest that death of all blessings would be the most rushed his corpse to the house of a pleasant to me after this pain. surgeon where an unsuccessful I have yet, my Lords, ties which call upon me, ties attempt was made to revive him. The which render me desirous even to continue this miserable story, first published in The existence. Northampton Mercury for Saturday, I have a wife, my Lords, who for twenty-seven years 18 October 1794, that he was revived has lived an unparalleled example of conjugal attachment and escaped to France, has not been and fidelity, and whose behaviour during this trying scene confirmed. would draw tears of approbation, I am sure, even from Initiated: 3 April 1775 at St. Alban’s the most inhuman. My Lords, I have creditors, honest Lodge No. 29 - Grand Chaplain: 1 May men, who will lose much by my death. I hope, for the 1775, 3 June 1776 - Expelled: 7 April sake of justice towards them, some mercy will be shown 1777 - Deceased: 27 June 1777 to me. If, upon these whole, the considerations at all avail with you, my Lords, and you gentlemen of the jury -- if, upon the most impartial survey Page 23 of matters, not the slightest intention of injury can appear to anyone -- and I solemnly declare it was in my power to replace it in three months -- of this I assured Mr Robertson frequently, and had his solemn assurances that no man should be privy to it but Mr Fletcher and himself -- and if no injury was done to any man upon earth, I +then hope, I trust, I fully confide myself in the tenderness, humanity and protection of my country. The jury retired for about ten minutes and then returned With a verdict that the prisoner was guilty; but at the same time presented a petition humbly recommending the Doctor to the Royal mercy. The opinion of the judges was that he had been legally convicted. Here he sunk down overcome with mental agony; and some time elapsed before he was sufficiently recovered to hear the dreadful sentence of the law, which the recorder pro nounced upon him in the following words:-- "Dr William Dodd, you have been convicted of the offence of publishing a forged and counterfeit bond, knowing it to be forged and counterfeited; and you have had the advantage which the laws of this country afford to every man in that situation -- a fair, an impartial and an attentive trial. The jury, to whose justice you appealed, have found you guilty; their verdict has undergone the consideration of the learned judges, and they found no ground to impeach the justice of that verdict. You yourself have admitted the justice of it; and now the very painful duty that the necessity of the law imposes upon the Court, to pronounce the sentenceof that law against you, remains only to be performed. You appear to entertain a very proper sense of the enormity of he offence which you have committed; you appear, too, in a state of contrition of mind, and I doubt not have duly reflected how far the dangerous tendency of the offence you have been guilty of is increased by the influence of example, in being committed by a person of your character, and of the sacred function of which you area member. These sentiments seem to be yours. I would wish to cultivate such sentiments, but I would not wish to add to the anguish of a person in your situation by dwelling upon it. Your application for mercy must be made elsewhere: it would be cruel in the Court to flatter you. There is a power of dispensing mercy, where you may apply. Your own good sense and the contrition you express will induce you to lessen the influence of the example by publishing your hearty and sincere detestation of the offence of which you are convicted; and that you will not attempt to palliate or extenuate, which would indeed add to the degree of the influence of a crime of this kind being committed by a person of your character and known abilities. I would therefore warn you against anything of that kind. Now, having said this, I am obliged to pronounce the sentence of the law, which is, that you, Dr William Dodd, be carried from hence to the place from whence you came; that from thence Page 24 you are to be carried to the place of execution, when you are to be hanged by the neck until you are dead." To this Dr Dodd replied: "Lord Jesus receive my soul." Great exertions were now made to save Dr Dodd: the newspapers were filled with letters and paragraphs in his favour; individuals of all ranks exerted themselves on his behalf; parish officers went in mourning from house to house to procure subscriptions to a petition to the King; and this petition, which, with the names, filled twenty-three sheets of parchment, was actually presented. Even the Lord Mayor and common council went in a body to St James's to solicit mercy for the convict. The gallows at Tyburn As clemency, however, had been denied to the unfortunate Perreaus, it was deemed unadvisable to extend it to Dr Dodd. This unhappy clergyman was attended to the place of execution, in a mourning-coach, by the Rev. Mr Willette, ordinary of Newgate, and the Rev. Mr Dobey. Another criminal, named John Harris, was executed at the same time. Just before the parties were turned off the Doctor whispered to the executioner, and it was observed that the man had no sooner driven away the cart than he ran immediately under the gibbet and took hold of the Doctor's legs, as if to steady the body, and the unhappy man appeared to die without pain. The Profound Pontifications of John Deacon Editor’s Note: As most of you readers know, Brother Chris Williams’ “The Profound Pontifications of John Deacon” stories have occupied a large amount of space in this magazine for a long time. And, now I couldn’t imagine it not having one. Brother Chris has this knack for creating a funny, interesting story that always carries a strong Masonic moral lesson. Brother John Deacon is the kind of Brother we should all have… Except at lunch time of course. I was coming back from the doctor’s office on my way back to the shop when he called. Said he was hungry and not in the best of moods. I figured that was a double whammy but the newsletter was close to being sent out and I needed whatever he had. I looked around and pulled into the parking lot of the Barn Door, a great steakhouse just off the loop and after giving him the address I went on in to wait for him. It was about fifteen minutes when he appeared at my table looking a little more serious than usual. I asked him if he was ok and he just said, “I’m hungry, let’s eat and chat later.” I thought about picking on him but it just didn’t seem like the right time so I waved at Jordan, our server, and she came right over. I had already warned her about John so when he ordered a large Fillet and a Chicken Fried Steak and a Tassos potato with each and some grilled asparagus, she acted like it was no big deal. I ordered a much smaller steak with the Tassos potato of course. To come here and not order one is considered a crime. This place, I knew, was one of the best steakhouses in the whole area. And those twice baked with lots of cheese and jalapenos Tassos potatoes were legendary in these parts. Page 25 Actually there was nothing I had ever tried here that wasn’t outstanding. And I forgot to mention that green garlic salad dressing that they seem to assume you want is the best. John actually did make a kittle small talk while we waited for our food. When it came though, he wasted no time getting digging right in. I heard him mumble between bites that he thought he remembered that we had come here together before. I shook my head and said, “Restaurants, food and you all seem to blend in together sometimes. I wasn’t sure we had been here before.” He acted as if he hadn’t heard and went back to his food. Finally he was finished and I was anxious to hear what it was that he was in a bad mood about. Jordan had just filled our glasses and set the check down on the table which John slid quickly over to me. Some things never change, I thought, as I deposited my card on top of it. “So what the heck has got you all riled up, my Brother,” I asked tentatively? “It seems,” he said quicker than I expected, “that I am angry way too much. I have heard it from several people including some of my Brothers.” “Well John, you sure are angry a lot more lately. Maybe you need to take some anger management classes or something. It might make you feel better.” He gave me the patented John Deacon glare and growled, “I don’t need no anger management classes… I need people to stop making me angry.” I was at a loss for words. Not that I didn’t want to say something, but the truth is that the words to respond to that statement haven’t been invented. Yet his logic was hard to dispute, as convoluted as it was. Instead of responding I decided to act like I hadn’t heard it. “So what was it that made to upset John?” “Where do I start,” he asked shaking his head? “There was that thing that happened last week at Lodge. A Brother who had done a particularly sad job of presenting his part in a degree came over to me after it was over and said kind of offhandedly, “Well I didn’t get it perfect, but it doesn’t really matter because the candidate doesn’t know it.” And then he turned and walked away. Well I am here to tell you that it took both Wardens and our Tiler to keep me off of the Brother. I was sure steamed at that kind of attitude Brother Chris.” “But John” I said with a look of concern that I had to force before I broke out laughing at the mental picture of what he had described. “It sounds like you were going to violate an obligation for sure.” “Naaaaw,” he growled. “I was going to keep a smile on my face the whole time.” I couldn’t hold it then and started laughing. He didn’t laugh with me but instead got an indignant look on his face and said, “I know it is true that the candidate being initiated had no idea of the many mistakes the Brother had made… but for the rest of his Masonic career every time he sees the same degree performed, he is gonna know that his degree was poorly done… that he didn’t receive the best his Brothers could have given him. And I know there are few perfect degrees, but there is a big difference between a few minor mistakes made due to nervousness and a Brother or Brothers who just don’t care enough to get it right.” “Yup my Brother I am on your side on that one,” I said. “I wouldn’t be happy with that either. Is that all? That’s not a whole lot to be angry with.” “Oh heck no,” he said quickly. “I am just barely getting started. I am also always a little irritated by all the Brothers who are only along for the ride. No effort put in and Page 26 always wondering why they aren’t getting anything out. The men I am talking about didn’t become Freemasons to become better men or to help their Brothers and mankind, they did it because they thought they were going get what Masonry promises… and they were going to get it quick and they were going to get it free. It had nothing to do with learning how to be a better man, but rather to show everyone that they were better than everyone else.” “Wow, John,” I replied starting to get in to what he was saying. “I do know a couple of those guys.” “I know I shouldn’t say this Brother Chris,” he continued. “But I am going to anyway… If being a Mason is all about you yourself…then you ain’t no Mason at all as far as I am concerned.” “But John,” I interjected. “What about all those Brothers who are just happy being there. They have no agenda except to just be and enjoy.” “Are you crazy,” he exclaimed, looking at me kinda weird. “Masonry has something for almost every man. If your mind is clear and your motives pure, your future as a Mason is and always will be secure. The truth is that within our beautiful and solemn rituals we all hear the same words… we all travel the same path… and we all receive the same set of tools. But more and more Brothers it seems never even open that tool box… never come to any realization or gain any understanding or even the slightest illumination of what was given them. Have you ever heard the term, “ignorance is bliss”? Well I am not trying to say that our Brothers are ignorant in general, but most are ignorant of the deeper beauties and mysteries of our Fraternity. Most are totally satisfied staying in the wading pool of the Craft and never attempt to enter the deep end of the pool. The deep end (to continue the analogy further) where it takes more work and skill and knowledge to stay afloat. All want that knowledge. Even the waders want that knowledge. But something keeps them from it. I guess for some it is fear in some form. But there is no doubt that those who jump into the deep end, who actively seek all there is to find, are rewarded many times over for their efforts, but those who wade with pure hearts can be as good and happy Masons as any.“ “Well you have covered a lot of territory Brother John,” I said. You said you were just getting started on your anger issues.” Then he got a sad look and looked down and said softly, “Nawwww, it’s just that I am also mad at myself.” Boy, that took me by surprise. I said, “I don’t understand John.” “It’s my passion for Masonry,” he said. “It causes me to expect more from my Brothers than I should. It also makes me angry at myself for not being or doing more than I am. It just never seems to be enough. Heck my wife says I talk too much and I complain too much. Heck I should be one of the happiest Masons there is, but sometimes I am just… angry.” I could tell he was hurting. This was not what I expected at all. I had to say something and I didn’t want to patronize him. He had said the right words to me many times when I needed them. I still don’t know where it came from but I said, “John, you can never ever be angry for being passionate. We… you and I and hundreds of thousands of Brother Masons are doing something special… something important. You need to remember that we just don’t stop and we just don’t give up. We can’t give up on ourselves and we sure can’t give up on the Craft. There are so much bigger things at stake out there than just us John.” He looked up, wiped something from one eye, smiled and said, “Brother Chris, thank you for that. That’s just what I needed.” He got up then and so did I. It was an emotional moment. No words were needed. The feel of that special grip and our love of one another as Brothers and our love for the Craft was all that was needed. I watched him walk out the door hoping that it wasn’t the last time I would see him. Page 27 Page 28 Masonic Trivia: Trivia: Amusements Amusements and Curiosities Masonic Trivia From the book Masonic Trivia: Amusements and Curiosities by Peter Champion Every Mason has read a Trestleboard snippet saying that Freemasons disguised as Indians boarded English merchant vessels in Boston harbor on December 6, 1773, and threw bales of tea into the briny water. Problem #1, Samuel Adams, who led the event, was not a Freemason and there is no documented proof of any specific Freemason involvement. Fear not that our Masonic brothers sat around drinking latte grandes as their only rebellion against the Stamp Act. Boston Harbor of 1773 was not the site of the first raid on a British vessel. King George III had dispatched Lt. William Dudingston as commander of the armed schooner, HMS Gaspee, with orders to put an end to colonial smuggling. On June 9, 1772, Dudingston was in aggressive pursuit of the packet sloop Han nah under the command of Thomas Lindsey. Captain Lindsey’s only hope of outrunning the British warship and the hail of cannonballs splashing around him was a risky pass over the edges of the Namquid Point shallows. The Hannah safely passed the shallows. But, the aggressive Lt. Dudingston ran the deeper draft Gaspee aground, during an ebbing tide. Lindsey sailed on into Providence and eventual word reached Masonic Grand Master, Abraham Whipple, of St. John’s Lodge #1 that the Gaspee would not be afloat until high tide at three the next morning. That evening, Freemasons gathered in the Sabin Tavern for their usual meeting. The men replaced the practice of Masonic ritual with melting lead for bullet molds, as they were in short supply of shot for their muskets. The Lodge minutes for the evening reflect, “No meeting tonight, more pressing business at hand.” Under Whipple’s command, eight long boats with muffled oars departed from Ferrer’s Wharf and approached the Gaspee under cover of darkness. Dudingston was shot during the boarding, but survived. His crew was captured, and his ship set ablaze. The Gaspee burned to her waterline before the fire reached her powder magazines. The resulting explosion finished off what remained of her hull. Whipple went on to become the first Commodore of the Rhode Island Navy, a precursor to the Continental Navy, and was an instrumental Captain during the Revolutionary War, until taken as a prisoner-of-war in 1780. The chiseled tribute on his tombstone reads, “Sacred to the memory of Commodore Abraham Whipple whose name, skill and courage, will ever remain the pride and boast of his country. In the late Revolution he was the first in the seas to hurl defiance at proud Britain; gallantly leading the way to arrest from the mistress of the ocean, her scepter, and there to wave the star spangled banner. He also conducted to sea, the first square-rigged vessel, ever built on the Ohio, opening to commerce resources beyond calculation.” Page 29 Message from the East For Blue Hill Lodge October, 2009 (From the Rural Lodge Newsletter) Here’s a little bit of a brain teaser. I know I enjoy a good mind puzzle once in a while, so I am fascinated by conundrums, those enigmas or logical loops that pose questions that have no correct answers, or at least none if you think the problem through to its conclusion. We are all familiar with that age old conundrum “If God is all – powerful and can do anything he wants, can he make a rock that is too big for him to lift?” I find that such conundrums are built into many institutional dogmas. Masonry is no exception. So this particular puzzle came to me and I have been trying to find a single answer, but to no avail. Maybe you can try your hand (or mind) at it. We, as Masons all know that we are absolutely bound to keep the secrets of a Brother Mason, no matter what (with the exception of two instances we should all know from our obligation, and those left to our own discretion). We also know that we should not wrong, cheat or defraud a Brother or a Lodge. Pretty clear and simple don't you think? OK, so here's the conundrum (please keep in mind, this scenario is being described as fictitious): What happens if Bro. Jubilum comes to . . . say, Bro. Jubilo with a very dark secret? Let's say, for example that their Lodge, Beehive Lodge, A.F. & A.M. is voting on whether to accept the application of a potential new initiate who is also a good friend of Bro. Jubilum, we'll call him . . . ummm . . . Jubila. Let's also say that Bro. Jubilum has some paranoid suspicion that his good friend may be blackballed and so after the voting was completed, he tells Bro. Jubilo in confidence that he removed all the black balls from the ballot box when no one was looking so there was no chance of his friend, Jubila, being rejected. Obviously, the removal of the black balls is wronging, cheating, and defrauding Beehive Lodge as the brethren had no opportunity to fairly and impartially cast their votes. Bro. Jubilo could tell the Master or someone about it, but it is hardly a matter of murder and, without stretching the definition, is also not treason. Bro Jubilo would therefore be bound by his obligation to keep and conceal that secret. But knowing about it and not doing anything also makes Bro. Jubilo an accessory which violates his promise not to wrong, cheat or defraud a Lodge. He's never violated his Masonic Obligations before and he doesn't want to start now. What's a good Mason to do? What would YOU do? Have a little fun with this. And let me know if you come up with anything interesting. This is meant to be an entertaining exercise of the mind, but I hope it gets the moral and ethical juices flowing. Take care Brethren. Fraternally, Wor. John L. Ciccotelli, Master Editor’s Note: Wow, my mind is spinning. If you think you have figured a satisfactory answer other than Jubilo shooting himself in the head, please email it to me ([email protected]) along with the reason why and your name. I will print the answers in next month’s issue. +++++++++++++++++++++++++++ My wife was hinting about what she wanted for our upcoming Anniversary. She said, 'I want something shiny that goes from 0 to 150 in about 3 seconds. I bought her a scale. Page 30 And then the fight started. . . Mrs. Elizabeth St Leger, Freemason In or about the year 1710, long before the foundation of the Grand Lodge of Ireland in 172930, a Lodge was being held at Doneraile Court, Co. Cork - where Miss St. Leger, then a young girl, being by accident or design, a witness, from an adjoining apartment, of some portion of the mysterious ceremonies, took alarm, and made an attempt to withdraw, which attracted the attention of the Tyler, and the brethren were warned of the presence of an intruder. The Lodge, presided over by her father, Lord Doneraile, and her brother, his successor, and Mr. Aldworth, afterwards her husband being also, it is said, present, determined to carry out the only possible course under the circumstances, and initiate the lady, who afterwards attained eminence in the Craft, and was a well-known figure in Masonic Ceremonies, and processions on public occasions. Note - On the male line failing by the death of her two brothers and nephew, Mrs. Aldworth's second son, St. Leger Aldworth inherited, and, assuming his mothers' surname of St. Leger, was created Lord Doneraile in 1776 The following account, derived from a memoir of her life, published in Cork in 1811, describes the dramatic development which ensued . . . "Part of the wall dividing the Lodge Room from the library was being removed for the purpose of making an arch and thus connecting the two room; some of the bricks in the dividing wall had been removed and only loosely replaced. While the alterations were in progress, Viscount Doneraile and others met in the Lodge Room for Masonic purposes and to confer degrees. Doneraile Hall, the location where the incident Ireland: Open House in Cork took place. The ancestral home of the St Leger. On this particular afternoon, Miss family. St. Leger had been reading at the library window and, the light of the winter afternoon having failed, fell asleep. The sound of voices in the next room restored her to consciousness and from her position behind the loosely placed bricks of the dividing wall she easily realized that something unusual was taking place in the next room. The light shining through the unfilled spaces in the temporary wall attracted her attention and, prompted by a not un-natural curiosity, Miss St. Leger appears to have removed one or more of the loose bricks, and thus was easily enabled to watch the proceedings of the Lodge. For some time her interest in what was transpiring was sufficiently powerful to hold her spellbound; the quietness of her mind remained undisturbed for a considerable period and it was not until she realized the solemnity of the responsibilities undertaken by the candidate that she understood the terrible consequences of her action. The wish to hide her secret by making good her retreat took full possession of her thoughts, for it must be fully Page 31 understood that although she was perfectly aware that her father's Lodge was held at the house, she had no idea on entering the library that on that evening a meeting was about to be held in the adjoining room. Her only means of exit was through the Lodge Room and we can well understand what must have been the feeling of the young girl when she realized that the only way to escape was through the very room where the concluding part of the Second Degree was being given. The door being at the far end of the room, she had sufficient resolution to attempt her escape that way. With light and trembling step, and almost suspended breath, she glided along, unobserved by the Lodge, laid her hand on the handle and, softly opening the door, before her stood her father's butler, the grim and faithful Tyler, with drawn sword in his hand, guarding the entrance. Her shriek alarmed the Lodge and the Brethren, having a carried the young back into the library, learned what had occurred. Leaving her in charge of some of the members, they returned to the Lodge and discussed what course, under the circumstances, they had best pursue. The discussion was carried on for a considerable time, after which they returned, and having acquainted Miss St. Leger with the great responsibilities she had unwittingly taken upon herself, pointed out that only one course was open to them. The fair culprit, with a high sense of honor, at once consented to pass through the impressive ceremonials she had already in part witnessed." Elizabeth St. Leger was the daughter of Arthur St. Leger, 1st. Viscount Doneraile and his wife, Elizabeth Hayes. She married Richard Aldworth at Newmarket Court, co. Cork on 7 April 1713. +++++++++++++++++++++++++ Education is the great engine of personal development. It is through education that the daughter of a peasant can become a doctor, that the son of a mineworker can become the head of the mine, that a child of farm workers can become the president of a great nation. It is what we make out of what we have, not what we are given, that separates one person from another. Nelson Mandela +++++++++++++++++++++++++ Thanks to W. Brother Gary Mosmeyer of Waller #808 and Cypress Lodge #1483 AF & AMs. My Wife always wanted a riding lawn mower. She works all day and was always tired when she came home from work and thought that a riding lawn mower would help her get the yard work done quicker so she would have more time for the chores inside the house. So, being the handy sort of guy that I am, I made her a riding lawn mower. I guess I thought she would squeal with delight or something and give me a big hug. I even put a light on it so she could work at night. See photo below. To this day I have never been able to understand why some women are so hard to please. Page 32 P.S. I can see out of my left eye pretty good now and should be able to leave the hospital sometime next week. Hidden Lessons From Ritual Work Work Discussion in 'Featured Articles' started by My Freemasonry, Monday at 3:47 PM. So many times we seem to look at Ritual Work as not being that important, and that it doesn’t have to be done that well. We feel that just need to have more Masons for our Lodges. If we fail to share the teachings properly, who do you think looses? I would like to have you think back to that first night, it could of been a warm or cool night, that we all share. That night we were so apprehensive, or for the sake of better words, confused as to what was going to happen. Those first words you heard said at the Lodge door, asking questions and wanting answers of you, and how you were treated was only the start of your Masonic life. That life that leads most of us on a continuous journey of Masonic travel the rest of our lives. For some of us, who had to memorize the Degree and Obligations, we share something that no one else can understand. This task of learning them, that we choose to do, and we did. This struggle teaches us what we all can do with hard work and a true desire to accomplish things. So many times I have listened to the lectures, and still I find them as interesting as the first time I heard them. Every time I hear them, I find a new perspective that I have missed before. I fear for those that do not choose to listen to them in this way, as they will never find the lessons that are taught there in Masonry. And as for those that give those grand lectures, they learn as well. They learn how it feels to give that perfect lecture and also when they don't get it perfectly right! Most of the time just stopping for a moment to think or to taking a breath. I think we can all learn hidden lessons here too. How we should overlook everyone's little mistakes that we all make in life. Also to remember sometimes the best intentions go wrong by accident. "Value Your Word. For What Worth Hath a Liar!” Source: Bro. Micheal Mayer Page 33 Page 33 The Shriner From “My Freemasonry” I was playing with the Shriner's band, In a small town, hot parade. We had stopped to drink a thank you, for the tunes that we had played. A hand was placed upon my back by a women with a crutch. As I turned I saw a pretty face, and a smile came with that touch. She told about a tear that came, when she saw the Shriner's band and how she remembered one Shriner, who had helped her once to stand. I was in the Shriner's Hospital, I was frightened - I was low When an old man in a silly red hat, showed that he loved me so. He visited me every Sunday, for possibly two years. He shared my pain and laughter, my joys, my thoughts, my tears. He must be in his nineties now... Well no, perhaps he's dead. But he came to my wedding to watch me stand, when I was wed. I wanted to keep in contact with him for all my life but I'm too busy being a mother, and too busy being a wife. I just wanted to stop and thank you, for the things that he had done to make my life more meaningful, to give my life some fun. I watched her hobble off as I stepped from the band. I saw her husband and her kids, and the crutch in her right hand. I felt guilty for taking credit for the Shriner who was strong but mild. He knew no man stands straighter then when he stoops to help a child. I thought, some forty years from now, when a Shriner takes a bow, will he be thanked for something, that I am doing now? Will they say that I was noble, that my silly hat was red? Will they say He's in his nineties now, well no, perhaps he's dead. Author Unknown Seven Blunders of the Masonic World From My Freemasonry Seven Blunders of the Masonic World Ritual without Meaning Fellowship without Frivolity Quantity without Quality Education without Philosophy Charity without Connection Frugality without Discretion Leadership without Competence Ritual Without Meaning Too many times, we are more concerned about performing the ritual perfectly without understanding what it means. I know many men that give great lectures, but will confide that they don’t even know what something means. Ritual for the sake of tradition is worthless. Ritual for the sake of enlightenment is valuable. An understanding of the ritual’s meaning is far more important than just memorizing it. Fellowship without Frivolity Whenever Masons decide to hold a function for fellowship, a discussion typically ensues about how to make the function have the smallest impact on the lodge’s coffers and the wallets of the members. This results in paper plates, meager meals, and boring events. To spend money wisely in order to make fellowship a grand time is wise for the lodge that wants to be successful.6 Quantity without Quality A lodge with seven great men that believe in the Masonic ideals and actively labor to improve themselves—and therefore the lodge—is far better off than a lodge with one hundred men that show up to lodge just to show up to lodge. Education without Philosophy Many times, we think of Masonic education as being a lesson on the local lodge’s history, a famous Mason, the history of the world wide fraternity, or how to do the ritual properly. But if no philosophy is covered in Masonic education, then little self improvement is accomplished. Discussing Masonic lessons in terms of philosophy, ideas, and a man’s conduct is what truly transforms men into Masons. It is important to discuss topics that are foreign to a lodge’s membership and it is sometimes even necessary to challenge our preconceived ideologies through Masonic education. Charity without Connection Big institutional charities often require that fund raisers be conducted and large checks written to the people that actually perform the charity. This type of charity is devoid of self improvement because it has no real connection. If we extend our hands to our needed Brethren and devote our own skills and time to their problems, then we are engaging in true, meaningful charity. Frugality without Discretion Frugality is not a tenet of Freemasonry, a cardinal virtue, or a Landmark. It is okay for the lodge to spend its funds on worthwhile activities that will enhance the Masonic experience of its Brethren. Not everything should be done in the cheapest way, a habit to which we have become accustomed. Leadership without Competence A man does not deserve to be Master of the lodge solely because he has spent a certain amount of years in the lodge. We elect leaders without any regard for the skills that they possess to function in that capacity. Only competent, qualified men should be elected to preside over the Craft. Source: [email protected] Page 34 The Distinguishing Badge Of A Mason From the “Sunday Masonic Paper” - Article by W.Bro. Rob Lund Introduction and History “More ancient than the Golden Fleece or Roman Eagle; more honourable than the Star or Garter; or any other order in existence, being the badge of innocence and the bond of friendship”. So is the Apron first introduced to the new Mason, and so was it presented millennia ago to initiates of the ancient mysteries, as a symbol of the control and restraint of the animal passions, and freedom from the base nature of Man. No Mason is considered “clothed” without an Apron. It is worn “to protect their garments from spot or stain” while engaged in building the spiritual temple. The apron, in ancient times, appears to have been an honorary badge of distinction. The Israelites, in the investiture of priests, used a girdle. In the mysteries of Mithras in Persia, the candidate was invested with an apron, as it was in certain Japanese rites of initiation. The same applies to ancient Indian, Ethiopian, Egyptian, and Mayan ceremonies. Also in the Christian church, the apron is connected with certain senior dignitaries. In Masonry, there are two things essential to preserving the symbolism of the apron: its colour; and its material. Colour In all ages and countries, the colour white has been seen to be symbolic of purity. For this reason, the jewish priesthood were always clothed in white. The priests of the Romans wore white when they sacrificed. The Druids had different colours for each of their degrees – white being appropriated to the highest degree, the degree of perfection, and none were admitted unless they were cleansed of all impurities of body and mind. In early Christian rituals, white garments were placed on the newly baptized. Later, the colour blue is added – blue being a spiritual colour. Material A Mason’s apron must be made of lambskin. The lamb has always been considered an appropriate symbol of innocence. Geometry The ritual says “Geometry, and Masonry, originally synonymous terms….” Geometry is displayed in much of our Masonic symbolism, and is true of the apron, which consists of two basic geometric shapes: a rectangle; and a triangle. One is lain over the other. When the apron is made with the proper dimensions, some interesting geometry emerges: • The point of the triangle is 3 units from the top, 4 units from the sides, and 5 units from the bottom. You will recognize that 3, 4 and 5 are the dimensions of a Pythagorean triangle, which is used to construct an angle of 90 degrees. • If a line is drawn from the same point of the triangle to each of the bottom two corners of the apron, the resulting triangle has the same angles as that of the great pyramid of Giza. Symbolism The four sides of the rectangular part of the apron bring to mind the four cardinal virtues: prudence, temperance, fortitude, and justice. Page 36 The three sides of the triangle remind us of: the three great lights in Masonry; the three lesser lights; the three pillars (wisdom, strength, and beauty); faith, hope, and charity; the three attributes of the great Architect (omnipotence, omniscience, and omnipresence). When the flap of the apron is worn by the entered apprentice in an upright position, as is done in some jurisdictions, there are five sides. This reminds us of the five who make a lodge, and the five noble orders of architecture, as stated in the ritual. It also represents the five senses. Counting all the sides gives a total of seven, reminding us of the seven who make a lodge perfect, and the seven liberal arts and sciences, as the ritual says. Also, according to ancient teachings, man is a seven-fold being. Even in ancient times, the rectangle has been regarded as the symbol for matter. So, the rectangular part of the apron represents the the lower forms of our existence – our base physical nature. The triangle has long been considered as the symbol representing spirit, and there is so much behind this that one could write a whole book on this symbolism. On the apron is shown spirit overlaying matter – spirit starting to dominate over our base nature. The entered apprentice apron is totally white. To the Fellowcraft apron is added two blue rosettes. These represent body and mind (mind being the main object of the Fellowcraft degree). The Master Mason apron has three blue rosettes, which represent body, mind, and spirit (spirit being the main object of the third degree). Blue edging encompasses the apron (blue being, as mentioned before, a spiritual colour). In the first two degrees, there is no metal on the apron, representing the divestment of materialistic base metals. In the third degree, silver is introduced (silver being a representation of the soul). There are seven silver tassels, and I need not remind you of the significance of the number seven. The silver clasp has the form of a serpent, which is an ancient symbol representing wisdom. The Installed Master apron has, replacing the rosettes, three Tau crosses. The Tau incorporates the square, level, and plumb rule into one image. They also represent the triple-tau, the significance of which I shall not go into in this paper. The deeper blue of the Grand Lodge officers’ aprons signifies a deeper spirituality. The gold is an ancient representation of spirit. The corn represents growth. Note that the apron is presented in the West, not by the Master (or divine principle) but by the Senior Warden, representing the soul (or psyche). Try to determine the significance of this yourself. Conclusion Brethren, the Apron, the distinguishing badge of a Mason, should be regarded as the most precious symbol of Masonry – one that, when you you are about to wear it, speaks volumes about the Craft and all that it means. References The Apron by Frank C. Higgins The Meaning of Masonry by W.L Wilmhurst Masonic Initiation by W.L Wilmhurst Wayne Anderson, FCF, MPS Alle Menschen werden Brueder 2B1 ASK1 Page 37 Hempstead Masonic Lodge #749 AF & AM Main at Seventh Street - Hempstead, Texas Pancake & Sausage Supper All You Can Eat - Only $7.00 Per Person Person March 10, 2015 - 5:00 To 7:00 P.M. ++++++++++++ Waller Masonic Lodge #808 AF & AM Main At Locust Street - Waller, Texas Chili Supper & Silent Auction Only $7.00 Per Person – Kids under 12 free March 28, 2015 - 6:00 to 8:00 PM Please bring donated items for the silent auction in time for the sale. A Sinister Cult? From “My Freemasonry” – Author Unknown "If it's not a sinister cult then why call it a craft?" said my sister in law, adding; "Like witchcraft." Many Masons have been faced with similar questions, I am sure I was not the first to meet such ignorance with a puzzled response. I initially was shocked and displayed my uncanny debating skills with a confused, "HUH?" Let's not cast negativity on the use of the word ignorance, it doesn't imply disrespect, arrogance, or insult on any one but simply illustrates the very real fact that few people understand the fraternity, what it means, and what we do, or don't do. I took this as a positive challenge for myself, a relatively new Mason, and attempted to shed some light on the subject for a less than well informed person. My sister in law was fed a lot of nonsense about Masonry by other people who have been regurgitating the same negative crud for centuries. I tried to explain to her that the simple word "craft" is descriptive of many things, some good, some not so good. Building a model airplane, macaroni art done by children are also a craft, practicing a line for a play is a craft, and the simple use of that word does not alone explain anything. She had been told by her "friends" that Masonry is evil and dark. It is a world of secrets, devil worship, witchcraft, cartoonish stereotypes (no less) created by people claiming to be experts on the subject, but really no more experts on Masonry than they were rocket scientists. It's all hear. say, and scary fantasy created by people who fear what they do not understand. I suppose that's just human nature to fear the unknown, but it is also human nature to seek knowledge and information. To explore. To aid our fellow man and woman, lend a caring ear or hand, and (try to) keep egos from influencing decisions. Practicing the craft of self-improvement. Without tubthumping. I make no claim to understand it all, nor do I consider myself qualified to teach anyone all of Masonry. I have a ton to learn and I look forward to all of life's lessons. I submit this experience to simply share a lesson of my own. So I explained to her simply that we do have some secrets mostly relating to ceremonies, but certainly nothing that involves witchcraft, animal sacrifice, devil worship or the destruction of anyone's personal religious beliefs. In fact if any man expresses or is discovered to have selfish motives, a disbelief in God, or a desire to practice any evil, then he is not accepted into the fraternity. No one person, or organization is perfect and sometimes an unsavory individual does gain entrance. We have all heard of bad people involved in an otherwise good cause, position, craft, or fraternity and by their negative actions cause those good people, or organizations they associated with, to carry a black eye just for being associated with them. Many have been found guilty by association unjustly. It's a sad truth, but is very real. I further explained that she was grossly misinformed albeit possibly by well-intentioned people, but misinformed nonetheless. We do charity work, scholarships, and support countless community events. Little is ever recognized publicly and what the fraternity does is done quietly for the satisfaction of just giving something back to the community. We are not all business, or serious and grumpy old men. We like to have some fun as well, and we do. We are a diverse mix of race, religions, age, and social standing. We are fathers, uncles, foster parents, teachers, Priests and Rabbis, carpenters, and actors. Some are famous, some are in politics, and sadly some are even lawyers (just kidding). We even have a sense of humor. We are neighbors and friends. We are ordinary men that come together hopefully to do some little bit of extraordinary good for others. I will conclude as I did in my conversation with my sister in law. I never killed a goat, I couldn't even draw a pentagram, I have never met a devil worshipper anywhere, I never met a witch or warlock or whatever, and I don't know who killed JFK. I just want to keep my mind open and learn as much as I can objectively while being hopefully an upstanding part of the community and a better husband, father, friend and even brother in law. That's the craft to me at least in part and there is always more to learn. Does that in anyway suggest something sinister or dark? She answered with a simple, "Nope". +++++++++++++++++++++ Jack was sitting on a plane when a guy took the seat beside him. The guy was an emotional wreck, pale, hands shaking, moaning in fear. "What's the matter?" Jack asked. "I've been transferred to New Orleans, there's crazy people there. They've got lots of shootings, gangs, race riots, drugs, poor public schools, and the highest crime rate." Jack replied, "I've lived in New Orleans all my life. It's not as bad as the media says. Find a nice home, go to work, mind your own business and enroll your kids in a nice private school. It's as safe a place as anywhere in the world." The guy relaxed and stopped shaking and said, "Oh, thank you. I've been worried to death. But if you live there and say it's OK, I'll take your word for it. By the way, what do you do for a living?" "Me?" said Jack. "I'm a tail gunner on a Budweiser truck." +++++++++++++++++++++ A nice, calm and respectable looking lady went into the pharmacy, walked up to the pharmacist, looked straight into his eyes, and said, "I would like to buy some cyanide." The pharmacist asked, "Why in the world do you need cyanide?" The lady replied, "I need it to poison my husband." The pharmacist's eyes got big and he exclaimed, "Lord have mercy! I can't give you cyanide to kill your husband. That's against the law! I'll lose my license! They'll throw both of us in jail! All kinds of bad things will happen. Absolutely not! NO you CANNOT have any cyanide!" The lady reached into her purse and pulled out a picture of her husband in bed with the pharmacist's wife. The pharmacist looked at the picture and replied, "Well now, that's different. You didn't tell me you had a prescription."
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