| bakerhughes.com CASE HISTORY NEO Service Using RPM Enabled Through-Casing Formation Evaluation, Identified Pay Zones for Perforation Location: Ecuador, Latin America Results ■ Emulated formation resistivity, neutron porosity and density using RPM data ■ Enabled formation evaluation analysis to identify pay zones ■ Reduced deployment risks, rig time, and costs for the customer Challenge ■ Wellbore geometry restrictions and depleted reservoir conditions prohibited openhole log acquisition ■ Minimize rig time, costs, and HS&E risks of radioactive source deployment ■ Petrophysical analysis cannot be performed without conventional formation evaluation data Baker Hughes solution The log on the left indicates a good match between the NEO service emulated logs and the openhole logs in the shallow section of the well that helped increase confidence in the NEO service emulated logs. The log on the right shows the NEO service emulated curves in the bottom section of the well that identified the pay zones for perforation. A major Ecuadorian exploration company operating in the Sacha field of Ecuador required formation evaluation to perform conventional petrophysical analysis for identifying oil saturation. Openhole logging was prohibited due to the wellbore geometry restrictions and depleted reservoir conditions, which could increase the probability of radioactive-sourcebearing tools getting stuck. If the radioactive-source got lost in the hole, operating costs bearing tools and lost time could have increased significantly and possibly resulted in a complete loss of the exploration block. The operator required conventional petrophysical analysis, even though openhole data acquisition was not feasible. Baker Hughes deployed the NEO™ neutronemulated openhole log service to emulate openhole logs for petrophysical analysis. Data was acquired through the casing using the multi-detector, pulsed neutron Reservoir Performance Monitor (RPM™) instrument. Logging through the casing significantly reduced deployment risks. The RPM instrument, which uses a pulsed-neutron source—a nonchemical radioactive source—eliminated health, safety, and environment (HS&E) hazards associated with radioactive-source deployments, and reduced rig time and costs. Baker Hughes acquired openhole and RPM data in the first (training) well. The NEO service developed a neural-network model to emulate the openhole logs using RPM data. On the second (application) well, validity of the neural-network model was confirmed by comparing the openhole logs and emulated openhole logs. In the subsequent application well, the operator could not acquire conventional openhole data in the deeper pay zones. ■ NEO neutron-emulated openhole log service ■ Reservoir Performance Monitor (RPM) instrument the shallow section provided the desired confidence in the emulated dataset. The petrophysical analysis using the NEO curves showed average oil saturation of ~42%. After perforating both zones, the stabilized production results showed 42% water production, confirming the results of the petrophysical analysis. The NEO service emulated formation resistivity, neutron porosity, and density data in the pay zones. Good correlation with the openhole data in Disclaimer of Liability: This information is provided for general information purposes only and is believed to be accurate as of the date hereof; however, Baker Hughes Incorporated and its affiliates do not make any warranties or representations of any kind regarding the information and disclaim all express and implied warranties or representations to the fullest extent permissible by law, including those of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose or use, title, non-infringement, accuracy, correctness or completeness of the information provided herein. All information is furnished “as is” and without any license to distribute. The user agrees to assume all liabilities related to the use of or reliance on such information. BAKER HUGHES INCORPORATED AND ITS AFFILIATES SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, PUNITIVE, EXEMPLARY OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES FROM ANY CAUSE WHATSOEVER INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ITS NEGLIGENCE. © 2015 Baker Hughes Incorporated. All rights reserved. 42745 02/2015 | bakerhughes.com CASE HISTORY The density, neutron, and resistivity crossplots indicated a good correlation between the NEO service emulated data and the conventional openhole data. The petrophysical analysis using NEO service deliverables identified the pay zones for perforation, marked in red. Disclaimer of Liability: This information is provided for general information purposes only and is believed to be accurate as of the date hereof; however, Baker Hughes Incorporated and its affiliates do not make any warranties or representations of any kind regarding the information and disclaim all express and implied warranties or representations to the fullest extent permissible by law, including those of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose or use, title, non-infringement, accuracy, correctness or completeness of the information provided herein. All information is furnished “as is” and without any license to distribute. The user agrees to assume all liabilities related to the use of or reliance on such information. BAKER HUGHES INCORPORATED AND ITS AFFILIATES SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, PUNITIVE, EXEMPLARY OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES FROM ANY CAUSE WHATSOEVER INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ITS NEGLIGENCE. © 2015 Baker Hughes Incorporated. All rights reserved. 42745 02/2015
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