831
BLACK KNIGHTS
ROYAL CANADIAN AIR CADET SQUADRON
LEDUC, ALBERTA
CADET MANUAL
JAMIE N. ZOTEK, CAPTAIN
COMMANDING OFFICER
780-707-0434
[email protected]
SQUADRON PHONE – 780-986-0831
www.831air.ca
This handbook is considered a summary of all rules, regulations & policies outlined in the Squadron Standing Orders,
CATOs, PAIs, DAODs, CFAOs et al. When in contradiction, the higher authority shall prevail.
Effective 3 Dec 2013
I am Cadet _________ ___________________________
RANK
LAST NAME
I am in _______________________ flight.
My Section Commander is: _________________________
Phone #: __________________________________
My Flight Sergeant is: ______________________________
Phone #: __________________________________
My Flight Commander is: ___________________________
Phone #: __________________________________
Other Important Phone #’s: __________________________
______________________
_______________ ________________
_______________
_______________ ________________
_______________
_______________ ________________
_______________
Training Timings - Tuesday Evenings
1800 - O/Group
1815 - Sr NCO Inspection - O/Group (offices Open for business)
1820 – All cadets arrive at Squadron
1830 - Opening Parade Begins
1900 - Period 1
1930 - Break 1
1935 - Period 2
2005 - Break 2
2030 - Period 3
2100 – Period 3 ENDS – Closing Parade Starts
2100 - Fall in (all offices closed for business for the evening)
2125 – Dismiss / Duties
2130 – Senior NCO Training Meeting
2135 - Staff Debrief
Notes:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
1800 O/Group: CO, TrgO, SupO, AdmO, & Sqn CWO
1815 O/Group: TrgO, Lvl O's, Instructors, Senior Cadets
Cadets who arrive after 1830 hrs will be considered LATE for parade and must report to the Admin Office
Canteen/Kit shop opened on second break only
Break 1 is 5 minutes duration
Break 2 is 25 minutes duration - a perfect chance to see supply or deal with other business
INDEX
PAGE
3
4
5
5
6
7
7
8-9
10
10
10
10
11
11
11
12 - 14
14 – 16
17
18
18
19
19
20
20 – 25
24
25
25
25
25
26
27
28
29 – 31
31
31
32
ITEM
Aims of the Air Cadets
Code of Ethics
Missing Parade
Transportation
Communications
Cell Phone Policy
Paying of Compliments
Saluting
Requests & Office Policy
UHRA/UCCMA Officers
Canteen
Duties
Smoking, Drugs & Alcohol Policies
Tipping @ Restaurants during all Trips, Tours & Activities
Squadron Mess and Mess Dues
Training Program & Requirements
Promotion Criteria
Points Matrix
Participation & Attendance Requirements
Summer Training & Scholarships
Defaulters
Defaulters Table of Discipline
Uniform Care
Uniform Codes of Dress
Uniform Marking
Authorized Wearing of Uniform
Make-Up
Jewellery
Tattoos & Body Piercing
Hair Standards
Uniform Badges
How to Sew Badges
How to Polish Boots
Water Bottles
Exercise Kit
Important Events to Remember
AIMS OF THE ROYAL CANADIAN AIR CADETS
1.
To develop attributes of good citizenship and leadership.
2.
To Promote Physical Fitness
3.
To Stimulate Interest in the Royal Canadian Air Force
To Learn – To Serve – To Advance
-3-
CODE OF ETHICS
The following Code of Ethics applies to all Cadets and Staff (including
Volunteers) of 831 Black Knights RCACS.
Accept and obey all rules, regulations and instructions that apply;
To treat everyone with dignity and respect;
To act in a manner which brings credit to myself, the Squadron and
the Air Cadet Movement;
To keep my uniform in a manner which brings credit to me, the
Squadron and the Air Cadet Movement;
To wear my Cadet uniform only in the manner prescribed;
To keep my personal appearance in line with guidelines as stated in
regulations;
To accept suitable discipline (which may include actions up to or
including demotions, suspension or termination from the cadet
movement for any infraction of rules, regulations or instructions;
That I will not lie, cheat, steal or bully others;
I will not accept others that lie, cheat, steal or bully;
To accept the need to conduct kit inspections
To strive to excel in all aspects of the training program;
To meet all commitments that I make; and
To Have Fun!!
RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES
RIGHTS
As a cadet I have the right to:
RESPONSIBILITIES
As a cadet I have the responsibility to:
• be treated fairly and with respect
• belong
• feel safe
• be included
• treat others with respect
• not exclude anyone
• help protect others
• respect personal boundaries; honour
“No’s”
• tell the truth
• listen
• not dominate others
• not misuse my power
• control my anger
• learn
• seek help
• be heard
• make decisions
• be protected from emotional, physical
and sexual abuse and all forms of
harassment
• use the law
• say “NO” to unwelcome behaviour
• not harass anyone
• not abuse anyone
• get help if I need it
-4-
MISSING PARADES OR EVENTS
If you will be unable to make to regularly scheduled parade nights or exercises, it is YOUR
RESPONSIBILITY to call the Squadron and inform the Officers (not mom or dad's).
780-986-0831
Leave a CLEAR message with your rank, name, and the reason you cannot attend on the
answering machine.
Frequent excused absences will reduce your opportunities for promotion, selection for Summer
Training, parade positions or may exclude you from participating in special events.
Unexcused absences will result in suspension or dismissal from the Squadron.
TRANSPORTATION REGULATIONS
Cadets must ensure transportation is available and pickup must be within 15 minutes of the end of
the Parade night or activity. Failure to do so will result in your being excluded from future Cadet
Activities or functions.
Cadets may drive themselves to the Squadron for parades or to meet a bus for an activity provided
the Cadet is insured on the vehicle being driven. However, a Cadet as a driver may not transport
other Cadets at any time. Carpooling by parents is highly recommended.
Cadets must travel directly from home or school to the Squadron.
For parade nights and all events that are in uniform, Cadets are REQUIRED to travel to and from
the Cadet function in uniform at all times.
The Canadian Forces provides the Squadron with transportation for most activities. Cadets are
not authorized to drive themselves to an activity that is not at the Local Headquarters (LHQ).
Cadets are only authorized to drive to the designated Rendez Vous point (normally the LHQ) or as
determined by the Commanding Officer.
Questions should be directed to the Commanding Officer.
-5-
COMMUNICATIONS
Who do you call if you have questions about…
* Upcoming Events
* Care of Uniform
* Event Organization
* General Questions about Cadets
Call your Section Commander. The Section Commander will maintain constant communication
with you regarding events and should have given you their phone number and email address so
you can contact them. Your Section Commander will get their information from your Flight
Sergeant and Flight Commander.
You should receive at least two communications from your Section Commander, Flight Sergeant or
Flight Commander each week. The first should be received:
a. No Later Than Thursday evening if there is a full weekend event (Friday to Sunday);
b. No Later Than Friday evening if there is any weekend event (Range on Sunday)
The second communication should be received No Later Than Sunday evening, reminding you of
Tuesday's parade, the dress of the week and any deadlines upcoming.
If you are not receiving phone calls from your Section Commander, Flight Sergeant or Flight
Commander, please report these infractions to your Flight Mentor each week.
Cadets are required to follow this chain of command. Parents should encourage their Cadets to
use the Chain of Command at all times.
If they cannot help you, and only if they cannot help, Contact the Squadron Communications
Officer at [email protected]
All information will be posted on the Squadron website: www.831air.ca
The Sponsoring Committee will maintain communications with the Commanding Officer and the
committee will direct all requests & arrangements of Squadron Activities with the Commanding
Officer.
Cadets are responsible for checking the Squadron Bulletin Board on a weekly basis. This Board is
posted in hallway at the bottom of the stairs exiting the parade square & all activity sign-up sheets
will be posted underneath the Squadron Bulletin Boards.
Primary means of communication is email. Cadets must ensure they provide accurate and up to
date information, including email address changes, changes in phone numbers or address, etc.
More information about the cadet program can be obtained at:
www.cadets.ca
-6-
COMMUNICATION & SOCIAL MEDIA
831 Squadron has several method of communication and public relations tools.
PHONE:
Office
EMAIL:
info@831 air.ca
[email protected]
WEBSITE:
(780) 986-0831
www.831air.ca
FACEBOOK:
www.facebook.com/831BlackKnightsRoyalCanadianAirCadetSquadron
Cadet Facebook Group/Forum:
https://www.facebook.com/groups/110158849052360/
YOUTUBE:
www.youtube.com/831RCACS
CELL PHONES
Cadets are not to bring cell phones to parade nights or other activities. Cadets who choose
to bring their cell phones are required to turn off their phone until the activity is completed.
Any cadet using their cell phone during a parade night or activity will have the phone
removed from their possession and returned when the activity has completed.
PAYING OF COMPLIMENTS
We usually think of a compliment as a pleasing comment. In the military, compliments are
somewhat similar. The reason for saluting is, in one word, respect. The air cadets salute because
they have respect for the organization in which they serve. A salute between an officer and Service
person is a sign of mutual trust and respect. It is a privilege granted to members of a service to use
this form of greeting.
Air cadets shall address officers by their rank followed by the Officer's surname, eg, Lieutenant
Brown. In speaking to an officer, it is common practice to use the expression "Sir" or "Ma'am," and
not the rank and surname. When referring to officers by the position they hold, use the full title, eg,
Commanding Officer.
Warrant Officers are addressed by their rank and surname, eg, Warrant Officer Smith. NCOs are
addressed as Sergeant or Corporal, or by their rank and surname.
Salute all officers of higher rank. If Officers approach a formed group of cadets, the first cadet to
recognize an Officer will call group to attention.
-7-
Saluting & Respect
1. While attending any Squadron function, all personnel are to address each other by their rank
and last name only. This applies to any function whether in uniform or not. First names will not
be used under any circumstances.
2. A high standard of military bearing is to be maintained and proper respects will be observed
between all ranks at all times. Compliments will be carried out in a smart and efficient manner.
3. Staff cars bearing official flags will be saluted.
4. Saluting is showing respect for the Queen’s Commission as held by the Commissioned
Officers. A Commissioned Officer is any Officer in the Canadian Forces from Second
Lieutenant and above.
5. An Officer Cadet is not a Commissioned Officer and thus is not saluted. Coming to attention
and checking the arms shall show proper respect. All salutes given, however, shall be returned.
6. All, regardless of rank, will recognize the CO. Officers of the same rank as the CO are not
required to salute the CO unless on parade.
7. Cadets will not salute NCOs nor will NCOs salute fellow NCOs. Coming to attention and
checking the arms shall show proper respect.
8. All Cadets and Squadron Personnel shall show the proper respect to each other in the following
areas:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Parade square;
Entering and leaving a Squadron Office;
Entering and leaving the COs Office;
Outdoors
The main floor of the Legion (including main entrance, main lobby & auditorium corridor)
9. Saluting will not be required in the following areas:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
In Classrooms
Stairwells;
Canteen Area
Washrooms/Facilities
Lower and upper floors of the Legion
Proper respect by checking the arms shall be shown in all non-saluting areas.
SALUTING
Cadets in uniform (wearing head dress) shall salute ALL officers, even Officers not in uniform.
When a Cadet addresses or is addressed by a commissioned Officer, the Cadet shall salute.
The Cadet shall salute again when the conversation has ended.
Cadets do NOT salute Cadets at any time.
When not in formation, All Cadets will salute during any National Anthem.
-8-
When the ensign (Canada Flag) is being raised or lowered, Cadets shall halt, face the ensign,
stand at attention and salute.
When given permission to enter an Officer’s office or when leaving an Officer’s Office.
You do not salute when you are not wearing your head dress. In such a case you should, check
arms, use an eyes left or right or come to attention.
When saluting, the subordinate initiates the salute and remains saluting until after the officer being
saluted has ended his/her salute.
Approaching an Officer/Staff Member
When approaching an officer or staff member, proper respect must be shown at all times.
Officers get saluted; other staff, come to attention and check arms
⇒
⇒
⇒
⇒
⇒
⇒
⇒
Approach Officer (Staff member)
Come to attention
Wait to be acknowledged /gain attention of officer
Salute (keep arms checked for non-commissioned staff)
Converse
At end of conversation/when leaving the company of the Officer, salute
Depart
Except in an emergency or immediate safety concern, It is important that you do not interrupt a
conversation that is already taking place. Approach but stay a few feet away from the
Officer/conversation until it is your turn.
When passing an Officer in a non-saluting zone, proper compliments shall be paid. To do so, all
you need to do is check your arms, give an eyes right/left as appropriate and acknowledge the
Officer/staff member by saying “Sir/Ma’am”. You do not stop walking and come to attention to
complete this movement.
Saluting and the Offices
The offices are where the Officers/Staff conduct their business and normally have a Canadian Flag
and Picture of Her Highness, the Queen. Therefore it is vital that proper respects are paid when
entering or departing the offices.
To Enter:
Approach door & Stop
Come To Attention
When acknowledged, Salute and state your request
(ie “permission to enter”, “here to see Supply” etc)
Enter Office and remove wedge if required
-9-
To Exit:
Exit door
Stop & Face into Office
Salute
About Turn
Depart
REQUESTS
You can make a request through the chain of command to see an Officer. The Duty NCOs will arrange your
appointment and inform you of the scheduled time. You may request an interview with the Commanding
Officer, Training Officer, Administration Officer or Supply Officer in this manner. You may only request
permission to be excused from next week's parade night with a reason only by talking directly to the
Commanding Officer.
Requests do not need to be made to speak with the UHRA Officer.
OFFICE POLICY
Due to the limited space in the office, only the following persons will be permitted access without an
appointment:
* All Officers
* New Recruits
* signed-in Guests
* Sponsoring Committee Executive
* Duty NCOs
* Cadets Assigned Duties
* Squadron Commander / Squadron 2IC / Sqn Warrant
* Any Cadet with an appointment or granted permission by an Officer
* Any Cadet taking a class in the Squadron Briefing Room
UHRA / UCCMA OFFICER
831 Squadron has one or more Unit Human Rights Advisor (UHRA) / Unit Conflict Managers (UCCMA).
Any harassment or CHAPs matters should be addressed directly to the UHRA. However, you may
approach any other Officer if you feel more comfortable.
The Chain of Command does NOT need to be followed for such matters. You do NOT need an
appointment or make a request to talk with an Officer regarding these matters.
CANTEEN / KIT SHOP
Canteen & Kit shop items are available on all Parade Nights and on all Squadron exercises. You may make
your purchases through the designated Canteen Officer of the Day. You have NO CREDIT and may not
purchase canteen items on a "tab." All purchases are CASH ONLY. You can make suggestions to add
more items to canteen or the Squadron Kit Shop. Canteen is a privilege, not a right!!
Profits from the Cadet Canteen & Kit Shop belong to the 831 Cadet Mess Committee and will be used for
trips, tours or activities.
DUTIES
The duty schedule will be posted on the Cadet Bulletin board at least one week in advance. Duties are to
be completed by the end of each parade night and those responsible for duties will report to the Duty NCO.
It is very important that you tend to your duties; excuses such as “my parents/ride is waiting for me outside”
are not acceptable. Plan ahead by checking the duty schedule in advance to find out what night you will be
assigned these taskings, and let your parents or ride know before they drop you off that you may be about
10 minutes later than usual.
A flight will be assigned each week to clean the following areas:
* Training Office
* Supply Office
* Parade Square
* Hallways
* Classrooms
* Admin Office
* Female Washrooms
* Male Washrooms
* Instructor’s Office
* All other areas / Special Duties as assigned by the Officers
* Gym
* CO’s Office
* Cadet Lounge
When you have completed your duties, report back to the Duty Corporal to be dismissed.
Failure to complete your duties is a result of poor teamwork and will result in disciplinary action.
- 10 -
SMOKING, DRUGS & ALCOHOL
SMOKING and ALCOHOL
Smoking and Drinking are NOT allowed at any cadet functions or while you are in uniform,
including travel time to and from your home. It is illegal for minors to drink or smoke or for anyone
to sell or give you alcoholic or tobacco products if you are under 18 years of age. Anyone breaking
these laws will face criminal charges.
Violations will result in expulsion from all cadet units.
DRUGS
Illegal substances are strictly prohibited at any cadet function or when travelling to and from a
cadet function. Anyone breaking these laws will face criminal charges. Remember, drugs stay in
your system for several days after taking them, and this will be considered a violation of the above
law. Violations will result in expulsion from all cadet units.
ENERGY DRINKS / CAFFEINE PILLS / STIMULANTS
All forms of energy drinks, caffeine pills, pure-sugar candies and other stimulants are prohibited
immediately before and during ALL cadet functions, activities, parades and tours.
If you are not prepared to live by these rules, then you should reconsider your
commitment to being a Cadet.
FAMILY RESOURCES
www.aadac.com
ourhouseedmonton.com/resources/longterm.html
www.drug-rehab.ca/edmontonrehabcenter.htm
www.edmontonaa.org
RESTAURANT TIPPING POLICY - TRIPS, TOURS & ACTIVITIES
Cadets are always welcomed to participate in all Squadron trips, tour and activities. However, tips
are not covered by DND or sponsoring committee reimbursement.
Cadets will be responsible for leavings tips at each meal purchased at any restaurant or eating
establishment. In advance of any and all activities, cadets shall count each meal at a restaurant
and be responsible to bring $2 cash for each meal.
SQUADRON MESS & MESS DUES
831 Squadron has a Cadet Mess. The term “Mess” means an organization, whose membership is
related to an identifiable and specified rank structure, formed for the purpose of building “esprit de
corps” and comradeship.
Cadets are automatically members of their respective mess, and each mess may charge dues as
voted on by the members. Each Mess may coordinate activities for their membership at any time,
including but not limited to Mess Dinners.
LEADERSHIP
⇒
⇒
⇒
⇒
⇒
⇒
⇒
⇒
⇒
“Leadership is action, not position.” Donald H. McGannon
“A real leader faces the music, even when he doesn't like the tune.”
”Leadership is getting people to work for you when they are not obligated.” Fred Smith
"There is nothing busier than an idle rumour" Herbert V. Prochnow
"There are no shortcuts to any place worth going" Beverly Sills
"A closed mouth gathers no foot"
"Minds are like parachutes; they work best when open." Lord Thomas Dewar
"The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing." Socrates
"Our character is what we do when we think no one is looking." H. Jackson Brown, Jr.
- 11 -
TRAINING
90% of our training program takes place on Tuesday nights. It is IMPERATIVE that
cadets attend parade nights regularly in order to pass their level. Missed parade
nights may result in poor training marks, which will affect eligibility for promotion
and/or Summer Training.
The aim of the Developmental Period 1 training is to:
To prepare cadets to participate effectively in all cadet activities, respond positively to the
leadership direction of others, begin to interact comfortably within the cadet community,
interact positively with others, exercise sound judgment, and accept personal responsibility
for actions and choices.
To reinforce the aspects of effective teamwork and to introduce leadership concepts that will
assist and encourage cadets to emerge as leaders amongst their peer group.
Cadets are expected to:
* are expected to interact positively with others & have good conduct.
* to set a positive example for subordinates by displaying good dress,
deportment, and conduct
The aim of the Developmental Period 2 training is to:
To introduce cadets to the leadership concepts that will prepare them to effectively
carry out Leadership Assignments. Training includes emphasis on effective communication,
problem solving and supervision as well as reinforcing the practice of reflection and selfassessment. The focus is on Transactional Leadership.
To introduce cadets to the leadership concepts that will prepare them to effectively carry out
Leadership Appointments and mentor individual cadets. Training includes motivating,
recognizing and rewarding, disciplining, and providing performance feedback to cadets as
well as reinforcing the practice of reflection and self-assessment. The focus is on
Transformational Leadership.
Cadets are expected to:
* take initiative to make decisions and solve problems, and to communicate effectively with
subordinates, peers, and supervisors.
* be able to lead small teams in the execution of leadership assignments and supervise
cadets effectively.
The aim of the Developmental Period 3 training is to:
To prepare cadets to effectively organize cadet activities including assigning specific
responsibilities to and supervising the Team Leaders assigned to the activity as well as
reinforcing the practice of reflection and self-assessment, leading groups of cadets and
mentoring individual cadets. Leadership training at this level focuses on both transactional
and transformational leadership.
Cadets are expected to:
* be able to carry out leadership appointments effectively by leading and developing
a team of cadets over a period of time, to include motivating them and
providing feedback.
* be able to work effectively with a team to organize and lead larger cadet activities /
exercises (leadership projects), and to effectively mentor subordinates.
* WOI are expected to be ready to transition to the role of Activity Manager
- 12 -
The training curriculum for all levels is in accordance with the detailed training
manuals as provided by the Department of National Defence. The general
curriculum is outlined in the table below.
TRAINING LEVELS
Each Training Year, your cadet(s) must complete several weekend training
exercises/events/activities, identified as Mandatory Weekends/Periods. On the
following page is a list of all the Mandatory Training Periods each level must
complete.
An individual Training Period may range from 30 - 90 minutes per period
So what does this all mean? Basically, your cadet must attend 10 mandatory
weekend activities plus the Annual Ceremonial Review (ACR) in order to pass their
training level and be eligible for promotion, level advancement, summer training and
other benefits of an advancing cadet.
These Mandatory dates will be announced on closing parade, in weekly emails and
are identified on the yearly calendar available online.
PARADE NIGHT TIMETABLE
1800 - O/Group
1815 – Sr NCO Inspection - O/Group
1815 - Offices open
1820 – Cadets arrive at Squadron
1830 - Fall in
1900 - Period 1
1930 - Break 1
1935 - Period 2
2005 - Break 2
2030 - Period 3
2100 – Period 3 ENDS – Closing Parade Starts
2100 - Offices close
2100 - Fall in
2125 – Dismiss / Duties
2125 – Senior NCO Training Meeting
2135 - Staff Debrief
- 13 -
4
27
10
10
16
0
9
2
8
1
1
6
6
5
9
3
3
4
13
0
1
7 4 11
27 9 27
15 3 13
9 2 12
18 4 22
13 10 23
27
27
15 2 3
MANDATORY WEEKENDS / PERIODS
6
9
3
4
3
MANDATORY TUESDAYS
1
27
3
6
9
MANDATORY WEEKENDS / PERIODS
3
9
9
7
14
MANDATORY TUESDAYS
2 11 1 8
4
9 12 9 12 9 12
10 11 12 15 10 17
MANDATORY WEEKENDS / PERIODS
10
12
3
MANDATORY TUESDAYS
1
9
4
MANDATORY WEEKENDS / PERIODS
21
29
30
31
32
36
37
40
60
Participate in CDN Aviation, Aerospace &
Aerodrome Operations Community
Familiarization Activities
RADIO COMMS
AVIATION HISTORY (LVL 5 - AIRMANSHIP)
PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT
PROPULSION
METEOROLOGY
AIR NAV
AEROSPACE
AERODROME OPS
MANDATORY TUESDAYS
04
05
06
07
08
09
11
20
TOPIC
CITIZENSHIP
COMMUNITY SERVICE
TEAM / LEADERSHIP
DEVELOP PERSONAL ACTIVITY PLAN /
PERSONAL FITNESS & HEALTHY LIVING
RECREATIONAL SPORTS
MARKSMANSHIP
GCK
DRILL (LVL 1 ACR)
IT
BIATHLON
CF FAMILIARIZATION
MANDATORY WEEKENDS / PERIODS
EO
01
02
03
MANDATORY TUESDAYS
LEVEL 1 LEVEL 2 LEVEL 3 LEVEL 4 LEVEL 5
2
6
6
3
2
3
3
9
3
6
19
3
4
1
6
2
9
6
4
2
14
18
6
10
18
3
2
9
6
2
2
0
7
2
18
8
3
3
4
4
2
8
3
5
4
26
3
70 AIRCRAFT MANUFACTURING/MAINTENANCE
6 8 3 23
6
90 AIRCREW SURVIVAL
26 21+9 12 14 14 31 14 20
CHAP / PSYR
3
6
ACR ACR
3
3
3
3
- 14 -
3
6
3
3
3
PROMOTIONS
Rank promotion is a progression model wherein cadets may be recognized for proficiency in the
training program and awarded suitable advancement opportunities. Promotion is not automatic and
a cadet may only be awarded one rank at a time. Promotion to a rank must be earned on the basis
of qualifications and merit. For a cadet to be promoted to the rank of Sergeant and above, a
vacancy must exist within the squadron (Sqn) IAW the RANK VACANCIES PER SQUADRON.
STANDARDS
Prerequisites for promotion in rank are based on:
a. NATIONAL STANDARDS – Standards of qualification established by the Director Cadets (D
Cdts); and
b. LOCAL STANDARDS – Standards of merit established by the Sqn training staff.
The Sqn Commanding Officer (CO) may promote on an individual basis, at any time of the year if a
vacancy is available.
National standards for Air Cadet promotions are:
Appointment to Leading Air Cadet (LAC);
(1) Actively participate in the LHQ mandatory training programme for a period of five months.
(2) be recommended by the appropriate divisional officer/flight commander
Promotion to Corporal (Cpl);
(1) Successfully complete Proficiency Level 1 of the LHQ mandatory training programme
(2) participated in the Cadet Fitness Assessment as part of PO x04 (Personal Fitness & Healthy Living),
(3) be recommended by the appropriate divisional officer/flight commander
Promotion to Flight Corporal (F/Cpl);
(1) completed at least six months satisfactory service at the substantive rank of Cpl;
(2) successfully complete Proficiency Level 2 of the LHQ mandatory training;
(3) participated in the Cadet Fitness Assessment as part of PO x04 (Personal Fitness & Healthy Living),
(4) be recommended by the appropriate divisional officer/flight commander.
Promotion to Sergeant (Sgt);
(1) completed at least six months satisfactory service at the substantive rank of F/Cpl;
(2) successfully complete Proficiency Level 3 of the LHQ mandatory training; and
(3) achieved a minimum of “completed without difficulty” in PO 303 (Leadership);
(4) participated in the Cadet Fitness Assessment as part of PO x04 (Personal Fitness & Healthy Living),
(5) be recommended by the appropriate divisional officer/flight commander.
Promotion to Flight Sergeant (F/Sgt);
(1) completed at least six months satisfactory service at the substantive rank of Sgt;
(2) successfully complete Proficiency Level 4 of the LHQ mandatory training programme;
(3) achieved a minimum of “completed without difficulty” in PO 403 (Leadership);
(4) participated in the Cadet Fitness Assessment as part of PO x04 (Personal Fitness & Healthy Living),
(5) be recommended by the appropriate divisional officer/flight commander.
Warrant Officer Second Class (WO2);
(1) completed at least six months satisfactory service at the substantive rank of FSgt;
(2) achieved a minimum of “completed without difficulty” in PO 503 (Leadership);
(3) participated in the Cadet Fitness Assessment as part of PO 504 (Personal Fitness & Healthy Living),
(4) be identified as a successful candidate in a merit review board; and
(5) be recommended by the appropriate divisional officer/flight commander.
Warrant Officer First Class (WO1).
(1) completed at least six months satisfactory service at the substantive rank of WOII;
(2) be identified as a successful candidate in a merit review board; and
(3) be recommended by the appropriate divisional officer/flight commander.
- 15 -
LOCAL STANDARDS
Local standards for promotions are established by the Sqn CO and his training staff in order to:
a. establish the MERIT of a cadet:
b. assist in selecting the more meritorious cadet from among peers of equal qualification; and
c. ensure that the participation/involvement in Sqn activities serve as additional criteria on which
cadets are to be evaluated.
The following are local standards
that can be used:
a. LHQ mandatory training
programme grading system (A rated
cadets being given priority over B
rated cadets and C rated cadets);
b. participation in optional training;
c. participation in the Sqn funding
drives;
11
d. interviews
e. Attendance at regular Parades
f. Uniform Standards
g. Attitude
h. Points
RANK VACANCIES PER SQUADRON
SQN
QUOTA
WOI
WOII
F/SGT
SGT
Note 3
Note 3
29 or less
1
1
2–4
30 to 59
1
2
60 to 89
1
90 to 119
F/CPL
CPL
LAC
4–8
Note1
Note 1
Note 1
4–6
8 – 12
Note 1
Note 1
Note 1
3
6–9
12 – 18
Note 1
Note 1
Note 1
1
4
8 – 12
16 – 24
Note 1
Note 1
Note 1
120 to 149
1
5
10 – 15
20 – 30
Note 1
Note 1
Note 1
150 to 179
1
6
12 – 18
24 – 36
Note 1
Note 1
Note 1
180 to 209
1
7
14 – 21
28 – 42
Note 1
Note 1
Note 1
Note 1 – There is no minimum or maximum number of vacancies for LAC, Cpl and F/Cpl. Cadets shall be promoted to
these ranks as soon as they meet the national standards for promotion.
CATO 13-02 Annex A
Note 2 – Promotion is NOT automatic
Note 3 – The rank vacancies for the ranks of F/Sgt & Sgt are Local Standards and are the CO’s guidelines for an
effective chain of command
- 16 -
CITIZENSHIP AND OPTIONAL TRAINING POINTS SYSTEM
Every Squadron Parade Night & Event on the Calendar will be assigned a point value as shown
below. Points will apply to the promotion matrix for all those events having taken place during the
current training year, or the preceding 6 months, which ever is greater.
ATTENDANCE - PARADE NIGHT**
in uniform
5 points
not in uniform
-3 point
excused absence from parade
0 points
unexcused absence from parade
-5 point
new recruit (w/o uniform) with acceptable hair / clothing
5 points
**Attendance will be converted to a percentage of points earned out of total points available
per cadet. i.e. Cadet A is a member from last year, attends 20 of 25 parades = 80%. Cadet
B joins in November and is present at parade 14 of 15 parades since joining = 93%.
ATTENDANCE - MANDATORY SUPPORT ACTIVITIES
5 points /
day
Bush/Survival Exercises, Flying, Gliding, etc
ATTENDANCE - OPTIONAL SUPPORT ACTIVITIES
5 points /
day
NCO Weekends, JLDC, Boot Camps, etc
ATTENDANCE - DIRECTED OPTIONAL ACTIVITIES
5 points /
day
Music, Marksmanship & Biathlon
ATTENDANCE - GENERAL
committing to an event / activity and failing to show (per event)
- 25 points
RECRUITING
assist in a recruiting event / activity (each activity)
5 points
bring in a friend / refer a cadet to 831 Squadron (each)
3 points
FUNDRAISING
participate in a fund-raising event (each)
3 points
COMMUNITY EVENTS
(Poppy Blitz, Canada Day, New Year’s Eve, Flag Day)
participate in each event
5 points
INCIDENT REPORTS
positive IRs
2 points
negative IRs
-2 points
PARENT SUPPORT
Parent Attendance at a Sponsoring Committee fundraising / recruiting event
.5 point
(as recorded by the Support Committee) (max one point per month)
Parental non-monetary support provided to the Squadron (i.e. parent
assisting in repairs)
.5 point
(max one point per month)
The Points System will be applied to any trip, tour or activity where number of participants is restricted.
Participation
Cadets will be required to maintain 80% attendance on Parade Nights in order to be permitted on
any and all extra-curricular trips, tours and activities.
Cadets who do not attend the Annual Ceremonial Review (ACR) will loose their opportunity to
attend a Summer Training Course the following training year.
- 17 -
SUMMER TRAINING COURSES
The principal aim of summer training is to support and enhance training conducted at the LHQ.
Summer training also aims at providing each Squadron with skilled and qualified NCO's to assist
the officers and instructors. Not all cadets are able to attend Summer Training Centres. Selection
of cadets for summer training positions is based on attendance and merit at home Squadrons
during the regular training year (Sept-June). Selection is also dependent on the needs of the
Squadron and quota available from the Training Centre. Approximately one third of the total cadet
population are offered summer training opportunities.
Attending a Summer Training Course is a privilege, not a right.
-
held annually at designated Canadian Forces Bases / Cadet Summer Training Centres
-
are 2, 3, 6, or 7 weeks in duration (course specific)
-
approximately 25% of all Cadets will be authorized to attend a summer course
-
No Cadet is “Guaranteed” a slot at a summer course
-
there are no registration fees or transportation* costs
-
Squadrons make their recommendations IAW quotas and cadet records
-
Applications must be returned to the Squadron by the end of January. Some courses have
earlier deadlines for application so inquiries should be made early enough to ensure that
the application can be ready in time
-
must have been a Cadet since January 31 & have attended 80% or more Parades
SCHOLARSHIP COURSES
Cadets
-
must meet summer training requirements
must meet the age requirements
must have successfully completed the Junior Syllabus
must have attended one two week summer course
must have good grades in school preferably starting grade 10
must provide proof of medical fitness
must appear before a selection board or be interviewed
are provided transportation, housing, clothing and food
receive graduation certificate and qualification badge
qualify for a training bonus $60.00/week
A table of the courses will be made available as soon as the Squadron is notified.
* Transportation costs may be the responsibility of the parent/guardian if the cadet is returned home (RTU) from the course early, or
if an unauthorized change in travel is requested by the parent/guardian.
- 18 -
DEFAULTERS
A defaulter is a cadet accused of misconduct. Defaulters will have their case heard by the Squadron Warrant and/or
an Officer. They may:
- Dismiss the case
- Pass the case to a senior Officer
- Award Disciplinary Action
- Hold over the case to collect more evidence
If you are a defaulter, the following you can do to help you:
- Appear smartly dressed and execute all orders smartly
- Speak only when asked a question. Don't get excited or upset.
- Speak clearly and use as few words as possible
- Remember that the Squadron Warrant and Officers are there to help
Keep in mind the rules that govern Air Cadets have been passed by Parliament and/or approved by the DND. The
officer deciding on your case is well experienced in dealing with cadets. There are few new stories to be told, and
even fewer loopholes in the rules of the Cadets and Armed Forces which have been refined over hundreds of years.
TABLE OF DISCIPLINE (Based on CATO 15-22 - CONDUCT AND DISCIPLINE CADETS)
1 = Verbal / Written Reprimand
2 = Extra Duties
3 = Loss of privilege of attending Summer Training and/or Squadron Activities (suspension)
4 = Reversion of Rank (Demotion)
5 = Release from Cadets
TABLE OF DISCIPLINE
MOST
SEVERE
ACTION
MISCONDUCT
ABSENCE or BREAKING OUT OF FORMATION
- Repeated absence from parades
- being late for parades
DECEPTION
- Making false charges, lying or giving false evidence
- Answering roll call for another cadet / not answering roll call
- Being excuse under false pretensions
DIRTINESS or UNTIDINESS
- Out of proper uniform or unkempt uniform
NEGLECT or AVIODANCE of DUTIES
- Repeated neglect of duties
- slackness or improper performance of duties; Inattention at parades, classes or exercises
OFFENSES AGAINST GOOD ORDER
- Smoking, Drinking or Drug Abuse
- Causing a disturbance or spitting; Gambling or being untidy
- Cursing, swearing or obscene language
INSUBORDINATION, QUARRELLING or FIGHTING
- Wilful disturbance or Tending to create bad feeling or morale
- Showing disrespect towards superiors, Fighting or Quarrelling
- Inattention to, or neglecting in carrying out orders
MISCELLANEUOS
- Theft or Wilfully destroying or breaking equipment / property
- Repeated misconducts
- Carelessness with respect to arms
FIRES
- Negligently using fires or lights
IMPROPER USE OF UNIFORM
- Wearing without authority (in part or in whole)
- Any act which brings disgrace or discredit
- 19 -
5
2
5
2
3
2
5
2
5
2
4
5
4
2
5
5
4
4
5
5
UNIFORM CARE & RESPONSIBILITY
Your uniform should be cleaned and pressed. New badges should be sewn on the tunic by the
following parade night. It is a great privilege to wear this uniform, take pride in it!
TUNIC & TROUSERS
Machine wash in the gentle cycle and hang to dry and iron.
Do Not tape the seams of your pants or Staple the hem. The hem of your pants should have the bottom of
the cuff landing at the second from the bottom lace of your parade boots.
BOOTS
Use Kiwi-Brand black polish and soft yellow Kiwi Cloth. (Polish and cloths available from Canteen)
Polish to mirror shine. Do Not paint, bake or burn shine your boots.
SHIRTS
Shirts need to always be pressed with sharp creases down the centre of the sleeve. You need to press you
shirt even when wearing your tunic.
3-IN-1 CADET JACKET (PARKA)
You are authorized to wear your issued jacket to/from Cadet activities, anytime you are in uniform outdoors,
or otherwise directed by the staff. This jacket is to be worn in your blue inform only, not to be worn in any
field sports orders of dress. You must wear rank slip-ons at all times on the jacket.
Remember, it’s it YOUR RESPONSIBILITY to maintain your uniform in top condition. When parts
of your uniform no longer fit or are damaged from normal wear and tear, see the Squadron Supply
Officer immediately to get replacement parts.
When you get promoted or a new badge, you are expected to have the badge sewn on your tunic
within 1 week.
A Sewing Machine may be available for use at the Squadron
Your uniform is the property of The Department Of National Defence and 831 Royal Canadian Air
Cadet Squadron. You are required to return all parts of your uniform to the Squadron Supply
Officer when you will no longer be with the Squadron. If you fail to return your uniform, you may be
required to reimburse the Squadron and DND.
UNIFORM CODE of DRESS
C-1
CEREMONIAL DRESS
COMPOSITION
Wedge, shirt with necktie, tunic, pants with belt, boots & grey wool socks
- Worn with medals on tunic
- Worn with cloth or embroidered pilot wings on tunic
- Name tag may be worn on tunic at CO's Discretion
- Gloves and overcoat or all-seasons jacket may be worn
OCCASIONS
- formal ceremonies or parades
- Guards of Honour
- church services or parades
- other occasions as ordered
- 20 -
UNIFORM CODE of DRESS
C-2
COMPOSITION
Same as C-1, except the medals are not worn, they are replaced by the medal
ribbons on the tunic
OCCASIONS
- routine training dress for day to day
- routine parades and CO's Parades
- appropriate social occasions
*** MUST be worn while travelling to and from CSTC (no white belt or lanyard)
*** MUST be worn while travelling to and from all uniformed Squadron tours
- Other occasions as ordered
UNIFORM CODE of DRESS
C-2A
COMPOSITION
Same as C-2, without the tunic
- Rank slip-ons shall be worn on the shirt
- Medal ribbons may be worn on the shirt
- Metal wings may be worn on the shirt, but not the cloth or embroidered wings
- Name tag may be worn on the shirt at the discretion of the CO
OCCASIONS
- routine training dress for day to day, in cold weather
- routine parades.
- appropriate social occasions
- other occasions as ordered
UNIFORM CODE of DRESS
C-2B
COMPOSITION
Same as C-2A, without the tie
OCCASIONS
During Summer Dress period at the Squadron
• routine training dress for day to day
• routine parades
• appropriate social occasions
- Year round for indoor training
- Other occasions as ordered
- 21 -
UNIFORM CODE of DRESS
C-3
COMPOSITION
Same as C-2, except the turtleneck replaces the shirt and tie
OCCASIONS
- routine training dress for day to day, in cold weather
- routine parades
- appropriate social occasions
- other occasions as ordered
UNIFORM CODE of DRESS
C-3A
COMPOSITION
Same as C-3, without the tunic
- No badges are to be worn on the turtleneck
- No medals and no medal ribbons
- No pilot wings
- No name tags
OCCASIONS
- May be authorized, in cold weather, for indoor training
- NOT to be worn when travelling or outside the Squadron training area.
- Other occasions as ordered
UNIFORM CODE of DRESS
C-4
COMPOSITION
Same as C-2, except the t-shirt replaces the shirt and tie
OCCASIONS
- routine training dress for day to day
- routine parades
- appropriate social occasions
- other occasions as ordered
- 22 -
UNIFORM CODE of DRESS
C-4A
COMPOSITION
Same as C-4, without the tunic
- No badges are to be worn on the t-shirt
- No medals and no medal ribbons
- No pilot wings
- No name tags
OCCASIONS
- Same as C-2B
UNIFORM CODE of DRESS
C-6
PT KIT / DRESS
COMPOSITION
Tan wide-brimmed summer hat, grey sports T-Shirt, grey sports shorts,
grey wool socks and running shoes.
- The Blue t-shirt shall not be worn
- One grey cotton sweatshirt and one grey cotton sweatpants are
distributed to the Whitehorse CSTC cadets and to Athletic Instructor
Course cadets
- Sports dress, with the exception of the cotton sweatshirt and
sweatpants, is issued to cadets at the Sqn with the basic kit (when going
to Summer Camp)
- Acceptable Civilian Attire can be substituted at the LHQ level only & by
the authorization of the CO
- 831 Squadron clothing can be substituted at the LHQ level only & by the
authorization of the CO
OCCASIONS
- shall be worn as directed by the Sqn or CSTC CO
- Staff Cadets wearing this order of dress while on duty shall wear their rank brassard
- 23 -
UNIFORM CODE of DRESS
C-7
STAFF CADET DRESS
COMPOSITION
Wedge, shirt, trousers or slacks with belt, boots, grey wool socks.
1. Rank slip-ons shall be worn on the shirt, the CF wool sweater and the CF nylon raincoat
2. The wear of medal ribbons and the Certificate of Commendation Pin is authorized on
the shirt
3. Metal wings may be worn on the shirt
4. Name tag must be worn on the shirt
5. The CF wool sweater may be worn
6. The CF nylon raincoat should be worn on rainy days
OCCASIONS
Summer Training at the CSTC when employed as a Staff Cadet
UNIFORM CODE of DRESS
C-7A
STAFF CADET DRESS
COMPOSITION
Same as C-7, with Tie
OCCASIONS
Summer Training at the CSTC when employed as a Staff Cadet
a. for ceremonial occasions, at the discretion of the CSTC CO
b. should be worn for cultural visits within the community
c. other occasions as ordered
UNIFORM CODE of DRESS
C-8
MESS DRESS
COMPOSITION
Same as C-2, except that the white collar dress shirt with black bow tie replaces
the blue shirt and tie
- Wedge is NOT worn
OCCASIONS
- Mess or Formal Dinners
- Other Occasions as ordered
UNIFORM MARKING
Each parade night, your uniform will be inspected and marked. Uniform Marks
will be kept on file at the Squadron and may be used to determine promotions,
parade positions and activity attendance.
- 24 -
UNIFORM CODE of DRESS
OG-101
FIELD DRESS
COMPOSITION
Olive Green CF Combat Shirt, Olive Green CF Combat Pants, CF Combat Boots,
Blue T-shirt (undershirt).
- The blue beret with the Air cadet hat insignia, wide-brimmed tan summer hat, CF
Field cap or Air Cadet touque and cadet rank slip-ons shall be worn with the cadet
field training uniform.
- CADPAT is the current CF field combat clothing uniform. The wear of CADPAT by
cadets is not permitted in any circumstances.
-Cadets are authorized to wear civilian field combat pattern clothing during
survival exercises when authorized by the CO. Air cadet headdress, hat insignia and
rank slip- ons shall not be worn with civilian field combat pattern clothing or any
civilian clothing including the “Cadet Field Uniform” available for purchase through
the Army Cadet League of Canada website
OCCASIONS
- For all cadets during Field Training/Survival Exercises
- Optional dress, Cost to purchase at the expense of the cadet, available from Army
Surplus stores
Excerpts from CATO 55-04 (Air Cadet Dress Instructions):
WEARING OF UNIFORM
26. Cadets shall wear the uniform when:
a. attending training or proceeding to/from any training unless the CO gives directives to the contrary;
b. proceeding to or from a CSTC; and
c. attending ceremonies/functions at which wearing of uniform is appropriate & authorized by the CO.
MAKE-UP
35. Female cadets are authorized to wear a minimal amount of make-up. When wearing uniform, make-up
shall be applied conservatively. This precludes the use of false eyelashes, heavy eyeliner, brightly coloured
eye shadow or lipstick, coloured nail polish, and excessive facial make-up.
JEWELLERY
36. The only jewellery that may be worn in uniform shall be a wristwatch, a medical alert bracelet and a
maximum of two rings, which are not of a costume jewellery nature (necklaces are not permitted). In
addition, female cadets in uniform may wear a single pair of plain gold, silver stud or white pearl earrings in
pierced ears. The single stud earring, worn in the centre of each earlobe, shall be spherical in shape and
not exceed 0.6 cm in diameter. No other type of earring shall be worn except for a gold or silver-healing
device of similar shape and size, which may be worn while ears are healing after piercing. Only a single
earring or healing device, worn in the centre of each ear lobe, may be worn at a time. Male cadets are not
authorized to wear an earring or earrings.
TATTOOS AND BODY PIERCING
37. Cadets shall not acquire visible tattoos that could be deemed to be offensive (e.g. pornographic,
blasphemous, racist, etc.) or otherwise reflect discredit on the Canadian Cadet Movement. Cadets in
uniform shall not wear visible body piercing adornments (tongue included), with the exception of female
cadet’s earrings described in paragraph 36. Covering the unauthorised piercing with an adhesive bandage
(band-aid) is not permitted.
*Hole expanding (spacer) earrings are not permitted under any circumstances
- 25 -
HAIR REGULATIONS
- 26 -
UNIFORM BADGES
- 27 -
How to Sew Badges
HOW TO SEW ON YOUR BADGES
Whether for military, public service, a job, or a scout troop, many of us wear uniforms with patches
as insignia or rank.
DO NOT GLUE YOUR BADGES ON.
This will be considered wilful destruction of your uniform and you will be charged for the damage.
STEP 1: Get a sewing needle & thread that is either the color of the uniform or the color of the
edge of the patch
STEP 2: Position the badge where you want it to go; Use a safety pin or straight pin to hold the
badge where you want it to go.
STEP 3: Try the uniform on with the patch held on with a safety pin to be sure it is positioned
correctly
STEP 4: Cut a piece of thread. If you are not very familiar with sewing, start with a piece of thread
no longer than 18 inches. Longer pieces tend to get tangled and are harder to work with than
shorter ones
STEP 5: Thread the needle and tie a knot in the end of the thread
STEP 6: Put the needle through the uniform under the patch to start the first stitch (so that the
ends of the thread that are beyond the knot will be hidden under the patch and not stick out) Do
not go through both sides of your sleeve, otherwise you’ll sew your sleeve shut.
STEP 7: Stick the needle back up through the uniform and catch the edge of the patch with the
needle. Put the needle back through the uniform about 1/4" away. You have made your first stitch!
It gets easier from here!
STEP 8: Continue stitching the patch to the uniform all the way around the edge of the patch.
Remove the pins
STEP 9: When you have sewn all the way around the edge of the patch, knot the thread and pull
the needle through between the patch and the uniform. Cut the ends of the thread beyond the knot
to about 1/2" long. Tuck them under the patch.
FINISHED!! You have just sewn on your badges
OPTIONAL UNIFORM ITEM:
CANEX Air parka/windbreaker May be worn with the cadet uniform when travelling to or from the
sqn training site, but not during official parades where all cadets must dress the same way. Rank
slip-ons must be worn with the CANEX Jacket and may be purchased at the expense of the Cadet.
RANK BADGES
You must always be displaying your rank. You must always wear your slip-on rank when wearing
your shirt, 3-in-1 jacket, Canex jacket or any other uniform order of dress!
Reminder - Your tunic already has your rank sewn onto the sleeves, no need for the slip-ons
- 28 -
How to Polish your Boots
What you will need:
1 Black tin of shoe polish (Kiwi® brand) [70g tins available from 831 Sqn Canteen/Kit Shop]
1 Kiwi® cloth (a plain white cotton cloth can be used alternatively)
[authentic Kiwi® cloths available from 831 Sqn Canteen/Kit Shop]
1 old toothbrush
water (in a dish or a spray-bottle)
nylon cloth
Step 1 – Applying the polish
The first thing you have got to do when you get a brand-new pair of boots is apply a base coat of
polish. This will give future polishing a good foundation to work on. Apply a thick layer of polish to
your boot with your Kiwi® cloth, completely covering all the surface area that you’re going to be
polishing. Let your boot dry for at least 10 minutes.
You don’t need to do this every time you start polishing your boot, only until there is a good build
up of polish (you’ll know that you have a good build-up when your shine starts to develop quickly
while polishing).
-- Welts -Before you start buffing, you need to blacken your welts. A lot of dust and dirt gets trapped down
there, and you need to clean it out before you start polishing. You can do this by taking an old
toothbrush, getting a good amount of polish onto it, and brushing GENTLY inside the rim of your
boots (where the sole meets the upper shoe leather) until they are completely black. If there is a lot
of dust, clean it out first with a damp cloth before you apply any polish. DO NOT use your
toothbrush to apply polish to any other part of your boot – the bristles are too rough and will ruin
your boot and your shine.
Always do your welts BEFORE you start to polish. Otherwise you will have a shiny boot with a thick
dull rim.
Step 2 – Buffing
Wrap your Kiwi® cloth around your index finger and hold the rest of it wadded in your palm. Make
sure the cloth surface on your finger is smooth and pulled taunt. Dip the cloth-covered tip of your
finger lightly into water, then gently scrap it over the polish to get just the tiniest bit on your cloth.
Simply rub the polish onto your boot in small quick circular motions, while applying a moderate
amount of pressure. Rub all the polish in before you start on the next layer, and continue doing this
until you have created a sufficient shine. Use minimal amounts of polish to build up the shine - if
you use too much polish, the solvent in the polish you are applying will dissolve the base you have
already built up, and you will have to start all over again.
Make sure to add more water if your cloth begins to feel dry while buffing. The cloth will absorb
less polish when it is wet (polish, being wax-based, doesn't mix with water), and therefore you will
get a better shine. If your cloth begins to become saturated in polish or looks worn out, move your
finger over to a clean spot and continue polishing. Go over the boot section by section, making
sure to cover the entire surface-area evenly. You can hold the boot under a light to see if you have
missed any spots. Don’t forget to do the tongue, the area between your laces, the side panel of
your heel beneath your boot, and the thick rim below your welts!
What you’re doing by buffing is creating friction heat to melt the polish onto your boot, and applying
pressure to flatten it - thus creating a shine. The process of buffing requires two things to happen:
- 29 -
The polish has to be compressed onto a smooth surface, and
The polish actually has to remain on the boot. By increasing the amount of force you exert while
polishing, you can create a thinner (and thus smoother) surface, which will be glossier. So use a lot
of pressure and you’ll get good results.
You’re going to need to spend at least 45 minutes buffing each boot to get a good shine. Don’t get
discouraged if you don’t see any shine at first – when you first start polishing you will experience a
grayish “haze” that is a bit tough to polish. This is a good sign, it means you’re on your way to a
super spit-shine. Keep polishing at this point, don’t stop or you’ll lose the friction heat that’s melting
the polish into your boot.
Step 3 – Finishing
At this point, the job is pretty much done. However, there is an extra step that can improve even a
superior polishing job. A second buffing with a piece of nylon will often give a pair of boots an even
more mirror-like finish. I suspect it has to do with the nylon being even less prone to absorb polish
than cotton cloth.
Stick your hand into a nylon stocking and pull it taunt. Go over the entire boot with a firm buffing
motion. The shine should now appear subtly stronger.
After you finish polishing, you may want to use a hairdryer (set on hot) on your boots while buffing
with water, it helps create a better shine. Be sure to not to have the hairdryer on your boots for too
long, it may burn the polish or melt the polish off your boots.
How to Strip the Polish off your Boots
The safest way to strip the polish off your boots is to hold them over a boiling kettle to let the hot
stream loosen the polish. You can then gently rub the polish off using a cloth. An alternative
method would be to run your boots under hot water.
Stripping the polish off your boots however, isn’t really necessary, and it can be a hassle to get
your shine back up from scratch. The only time you’d ever need to strip your boots would be if the
base layer of polish became cracked. It’s best just to get a new pair of boots up from supply if your
boots are in that poor condition.
Expert Tips
Cut your Kiwi® cloth into four quarters – it’s easier to hold while in small pieces.
Keep an old copper penny (dated before 1982) in your shoe polish. For some reason, copper
helps shoe polish from drying up and cracking as quickly.
Do not use a polyester cloth to buff as will strip off the polish.
If your shoe polish is very old and dried out, replace it. Old polish is not as effective as new
polish.
Breathing occasionally on your boots helps bring out a shine. Your breath is warm and can help
"melt" the polish to a better shine... but just like polish, do this in moderation.
You should use a little bit of neutral polish after you have buffed for a while with regular black
polish. Neutral polish works well, but use it sparingly. Because it has no color, if you use it too
much your boot will become tinted grey. Always be sure to finish your polishing session with a coat
of regular black polish.
Parade gloss polish is sometimes hard to find, but can do wonders for your boot. Like neutral
polish, use it sparingly, and mix it in with layers of regular black polish.
Cover your boots with a smooth cloth to keep off the dust while storing them.
- 30 -
Things NEVER to do to your Boots:
NEVER Burn shining. This is taking a lighter to your boots to heat up the polish. DO NOT DO
THIS. It will completely ruin your boots and you might light your boot on fire or do significant
damage to the boot. Friction heat is a slower process, but in the long run it does a whole lot better
for your boots. Also, do not light your shoe polish on fire to fill in the cracks. If your shoe polish is
cracked that means it is dried out…and time to get new shoe polish.
NEVER USE Other substances. Never, EVER use any other substance other than boot polish
on your boot! Black nail polish, craft gloss, floor polish, paint, dye, grease, markers, etc. will
completely RUIN your polishing job and wreck your boots permanently.
NEVER Quick shine. Kiwi® makes products for shining shoes such as “Instant Shine Wax”, and
other quick-job products. You shouldn’t get used to using these because even though they do work
somewhat, they don’t create a shine up to 831 Squadron standards. Also, polishing with regular
polish may become difficult after using these products.
NEVER Spit on them. C’mon guys, that’s just gross. Your saliva contains grease, acids and
often bits of food which you most definitely do not want rubbed into your boot. For the best
possible shine, and also concerning hygienic reasons…use water while polishing your boots only.
NEVER Get your parents to do it. Your boots are YOURS and only yours to take care of.
Chances are your parents don’t have a clue how to polish properly anyways. Besides, they have
better things to do, like feed and clothe you.
So there you have it. Now you know how to polish your boots like a pro. Remember: Always wash
your hands after a good long session of polishing your boots.
I have one more thing to add – Believe it or not, boot polishing can be TOTALLY FUN!
You can polish your boots while watching TV, listening to music, talking on the phone…you can
even invite some of your cadet buddies over for a boot-polishing party! (Hey, it’s a good excuse for
ordering pizza.)
WATER BOTTLES
Hydration is vital to life. Cadets are required to bring a water bottle to all cadet events,
functions, exercise and tours and must have them filled at all times.
EXERCISE KIT
Cadets are required to bring camping Knife/Fork/Spoon (KFS) sets and a camping mug to
all Squadron exercises.
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831 Black Knights RCACS
A FEW DATES TO REMEMBER
BATTLE OF BRITAIN PARADE
(first Sunday after 15 Sep)
REMEMBRANCE DAY (mandatory parade)
11 Nov
FLYING EXAMS
(normally first week in Jan)
MESS DINNER
TBA
SCHOLARSHIP APPLICATIONS DUE
First week of January
SUMMER TRAINING APPS DUE
Middle of January
SCHOLARSHIP BOARDS
3rd Sat in Feb
ANNUAL INSPECTION & BANQUET
2nd or 3rd Saturday in June (MANDATORY)
NOTES
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More information can be found on the Squadron website at:
www.831air.ca
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