ISSN No :2231-5063 Vol 4 Issue 5 Nov 2014 ORIGINAL ARTICLE International Multidisciplinary Research Journal Golden Research Thoughts Chief Editor Dr.Tukaram Narayan Shinde Associate Editor Dr.Rajani Dalvi Publisher Mrs.Laxmi Ashok Yakkaldevi Honorary Mr.Ashok Yakkaldevi Welcome to GRT RNI MAHMUL/2011/38595 ISSN No.2231-5063 Golden Research Thoughts Journal is a multidisciplinary research journal, published monthly in English, Hindi & Marathi Language. All research papers submitted to the journal will be double - blind peer reviewed referred by members of the editorial board.Readers will include investigator in universities, research institutes government and industry with research interest in the general subjects. International Advisory Board Flávio de São Pedro Filho Federal University of Rondonia, Brazil Mohammad Hailat Dept. of Mathematical Sciences, University of South Carolina Aiken Hasan Baktir English Language and Literature Department, Kayseri Kamani Perera Regional Center For Strategic Studies, Sri Lanka Abdullah Sabbagh Engineering Studies, Sydney Ghayoor Abbas Chotana Dept of Chemistry, Lahore University of Management Sciences[PK] Janaki Sinnasamy Librarian, University of Malaya Ecaterina Patrascu Spiru Haret University, Bucharest Romona Mihaila Spiru Haret University, Romania Loredana Bosca Spiru Haret University, Romania Delia Serbescu Spiru Haret University, Bucharest, Romania Fabricio Moraes de Almeida Federal University of Rondonia, Brazil Anurag Misra DBS College, Kanpur Anna Maria Constantinovici AL. I. Cuza University, Romania Ilie Pintea, Spiru Haret University, Romania Xiaohua Yang PhD, USA George - Calin SERITAN Faculty of Philosophy and Socio-Political Sciences Al. I. Cuza University, Iasi ......More Titus PopPhD, Partium Christian University, Oradea,Romania Editorial Board Iresh Swami Pratap Vyamktrao Naikwade ASP College Devrukh,Ratnagiri,MS India Ex - VC. Solapur University, Solapur R. R. Patil Head Geology Department Solapur University,Solapur Rama Bhosale Prin. and Jt. Director Higher Education, Panvel Salve R. N. Department of Sociology, Shivaji University,Kolhapur Govind P. Shinde Bharati Vidyapeeth School of Distance Education Center, Navi Mumbai Chakane Sanjay Dnyaneshwar Arts, Science & Commerce College, Indapur, Pune Awadhesh Kumar Shirotriya Secretary,Play India Play,Meerut(U.P.) N.S. Dhaygude Ex. Prin. Dayanand College, Solapur Narendra Kadu Jt. Director Higher Education, Pune K. M. Bhandarkar Praful Patel College of Education, Gondia Sonal Singh Vikram University, Ujjain Rajendra Shendge Director, B.C.U.D. Solapur University, Solapur R. R. Yalikar Director Managment Institute, Solapur Umesh Rajderkar Head Humanities & Social Science YCMOU,Nashik S. R. Pandya Head Education Dept. Mumbai University, Mumbai Alka Darshan Shrivastava G. P. Patankar S. D. M. Degree College, Honavar, Karnataka Shaskiya Snatkottar Mahavidyalaya, Dhar Maj. S. Bakhtiar Choudhary Director,Hyderabad AP India. Rahul Shriram Sudke Devi Ahilya Vishwavidyalaya, Indore S.Parvathi Devi Ph.D.-University of Allahabad S.KANNAN Annamalai University,TN Sonal Singh, Vikram University, Ujjain Satish Kumar Kalhotra Maulana Azad National Urdu University Address:-Ashok Yakkaldevi 258/34, Raviwar Peth, Solapur - 413 005 Maharashtra, India Cell : 9595 359 435, Ph No: 02172372010 Email: [email protected] Website: www.aygrt.isrj.org Golden Research Thoughts ISSN 2231-5063 Impact Factor : 2.2052(UIF) Volume-4 | Issue-5 | Nov-2014 Available online at www.aygrt.isrj.org GRT A CROSS - CULTURAL STUDY ON THE ASSESSMENT OF VALUES AMONG THE YOUTH OF JAMMU AND KASHMIR AND UTTARPARDESH Muntazir Maqbool and Neharshi Shrivastava PhD Scholars ,Department of Psychology HNB Garhwal University (A Central University) Srinagar Garhwal Uttarakhand. Abstract:-Value is a principle a standards or a quality that is considered worthwhile or desirable. It is consciously preferred choice of the concept of destructible behavior satisfying the needs and interest having an elements on stability and is validated by social approval .The purpose of the present study was to assess the values among the male and female youth of Jammu and Kashmir (J&K) and Uttarpardesh (U.P). Value assessment scale developed and standardized by Dr.A.K Ojha and Dr. Mahesh Bhargava was used. Sample consists of 100 youths 50 from J&K and 50 from U.P. Here the t test was used to compare the six categories of values I.e. Theoretical, Aesthetic, political, Economic, Social and Religious values among youths. Results reveal that Aesthetic, Religious and Social values are higher among Jammu and Kashmir (J&K) youth while as Theoretical, Economic and Political values are higher among the youths of Uttarpardesh (U.P). Hence it is recommended to enhance the political, economic and theoretical values among the youth of Jammu and Kashmir. While as to enhance the religious, aesthetic and social values among the youth of Uttarpardesh. Keywords:Values, Youth, Assessment. INTRODUCTION According to Samuel Ullman “Youth is not only a time of life, it is also a state of mind and a matter of will…”The future of any nation depends on the quality of its youth. Long ago, the great Indian philosopher Swami Vivekananda aptly said, “youths are not useless but are used less.” Hence proper guidance at this crucial phase of life is all the more important for enhancing their positive selfconcept, enriching their knowledge and skills in decision-making, conflict resolution, development of values and management of emotions. Values can be defined as broad preferences concerning appropriate courses of action or outcomes. As such, values reflect a person’s sense of right and wrong or what “ought” to be. “Equal rights for all”, "Excellence deserves admiration", and “People should be treated with respect and dignity” are representative of values. Values tend to influence attitudes and behavior. A value is what is desired or what is sought. Values may be operationally conceived as those guiding principles of life which are conductive to one’s physical and mental as well as to social welfare and adjustment. A value is a special and important classes of beliefs acquired through experience. These beliefs are about what is desirable or good and what is undesirable or bad. These values reflect the culture of a society and are widely shared by the members of the culture. Human values are essentially subjective. They cannot certainly be adequately represented by physical objects. Their intensities or magnitudes cannot be represented by physical objects. Their intensities or magnitudes cannot be represented by Muntazir Maqbool and Neharshi Shrivastava , “A CROSS - CULTURAL STUDY ON THE ASSESSMENT OF VALUES AMONG THE YOUTH OF JAMMU AND KASHMIR AND UTTARPARDESH”, Golden Research Thoughts | Volume 4 | Issue 5 | Nov 2014 | Online & Print 1 . A Cross - Cultural Study On The Assessment Of Values Among The Youth Of Jammu And Kashmir And Uttarpardesh physical measurement. Value means inculcating a sense of humanism, a deep concern for the well being of others and the nation. This can be accomplished only when we instill in the children a deep feeling of commitment to values that would build this country and bring back to the people pride in work that brings order, security and assured progress. Across different eras and cultures, identifying character strengths (virtues) and cultivating them in children and youth have been among the chief interests of philosophers, theologians, and educators. With a few exceptions, these topics have been neglected by psychologists. However, the emerging field of positive psychology specifically emphasizes building the good life by identifying individual strengths of character and fostering them (Seligman, 2002). Value strengths are now receiving attention by psychologists interested in positive youth development. They may contribute to a variety of positive outcomes as well as work as a buffer against a variety of negative outcomes, including psychological disorders. DEFINITION OF VALUE : “Values are the expected principal or standards of an individual group.” (Encarta Dictionary). Allport (1961) defines it as “a value is a belief upon which a man arts by preference”. In the words of Dewey, “the value means primarily to price, to esteem, to appraise and to estimate”. It means the act of achieving something, holding it and also the act of passing judgment upon the nature and amounts of values as compared with something else. Sehashadri (1992) “Value refers to object that human being consider desirable and worthy of pursuits in their thought feelings and action”. Rokeach (1973), “values are beliefs about how one ought or ought not to behave, or about some state of existence worth or not worth. Carter V. Good (1956) has defined the value as “any characteristic deemed important because of psychological, social and moral or aesthetic considerations”. Types of Values: Spranger has discussed about six types of values which are discussed one by one: 1.The Theoretical. The dominant interest of the theoretical man is the discovery of truth. In the pursuit of this goal he characteristically takes a 'cognitive' attitude, one that looks for identities and differences; one that divests itself of judgments regarding the beauty or utility of objects, and seeks only to observe and to reason. Since the interests of the theoretical man are empirical, critical, and rational, he is necessarily an intellectualist, frequently a scientist or philosopher. His chief aim in life is to order and systematize his knowledge. 2.The Economic The economic man is characteristically interested in what is useful. Based originally upon the satisfaction of bodily needs (self-preservation), the interest in utilities develops to embrace the practical affairs of the business world - the production, marketing, and consumption of goods, the elaboration of credit, and the accumulation of tangible wealth. This type is thoroughly 'practical' and conforms well to the prevailing stereotype of businessman. The economic attitude frequently comes into conflict with other values. The economic man wants education to be practical, and regards unapplied knowledge as waste. Great feats of engineering and application result from the demands economic men make upon science. 3.The Aesthetic The aesthetic man sees his highest value in form and harmony. Each single experience is judged from the standpoint of grace, symmetry, or fitness. He regards life as a procession of events; each single impression is enjoyed for its own sake. Values beauty, form and harmony; interest in people but not necessarily in their welfare; tends towards the individualism and self-sufficiency. The Golden Research Thoughts | Volume 4 | Issue 5 | Nov 2014 2 . A Cross - Cultural Study On The Assessment Of Values Among The Youth Of Jammu And Kashmir And Uttarpardesh aesthetic attitude is in a sense diametrically opposed to the theoretical; the former is concerned with the diversity, and the latter with the identities of experience. 4. The Social The highest value for this type is love of people. In the Study of Values it is the altruistic or philanthropic aspect of love that is measured. The social man prizes other persons as ends, and is therefore himself kind, sympathetic, and unselfish. He is likely to find the theoretical, economic and aesthetic attitudes cold and inhuman. In contrast to the political type, the social man regards love as itself the only suitable form of human relationship. Spranger adds that in its purest form the social interest is selfless and tends to approach very closely to the religious attitude. 4.The Political The political man is interested primarily in power. His activities are not necessarily within the narrow field of politics; but whatever his vocation, he betrays himself as a Machtmensch. Leaders in any field generally have high power value. Since competition and struggle play a large part in all life, many philosophers have seen power as the most universal and most fundamental of motives. There are, however, certain personalities in whom the desire for a direct expression of this motive is uppermost, who wish above all else for personal power, influence, and renown. 5.The Religious The highest value of the religious man may be called unity. He is mystical, and seeks to comprehend the cosmos as a whole, to relate him to its embracing totality. Spranger defines the religious man as one 'whose mental structure is permanently directed to the creation of the highest and absolutely satisfying value experience.' Some men of this type are 'immanent mystics', that is, they find their religious experience in the affirmation of life and in active participation therein. A Faust with his zest and enthusiasm sees something divine in every event. REVIEW OF RELATED STUDIES: Mir & Ganaie (2012) studied that the Kashmiri students and Punjabi students differ significantly on two types of values out of six types of values. The two groups differ on Economic and Political Values. Kashmiri students have higher Economic Value in comparison to Punjabi students. On the other hand, Punjabi students have higher Political value than the Kashmiri students. The two groups however have no significant difference on Theoretical, social, Aesthetic and Religious Values. Ganie M.Y (2012) studied the values of college teachers in Srinagar district of J&K. Results reveal that male college teachers have higher theoretical value than female college teachers while as female college teachers have higher aesthetic values than male teachers and no significant difference was found in social, political, economic and religious values. Sharma (2006) conducted a study entitled “A comparative study of value orientation of Preservice and in –service secondary school teachers of District Hamirpur of “Himachal Pradesh”. The main findings were that the in-service secondary male teachers do not differ significantly on religious value, social value democratic value, aesthetic value, economic value, knowledge value, domestic value, power Value family prestige value and health value. On the basis of mean scores, in service secondary school male teachers have more belief in health value as compared to pre-service secondary school female teachers. In service secondary school male teachers and pre-service secondary school female teachers do not differ significantly on religious value, social value, economic value, power value and family prestige value. Qazi and Afshana (2012) conducted a study entitled “A comparative study of values of adolescent’s boys and girls of district Srinagar” results reveal that there is a significant difference in the theoretical and social values. While as no significant difference was found in economic, political, aesthetic and religious values. Theoretical values are dominant among adolescent girls while as social among adolescent boys. Singh (1997) conducted a study to find out the values of urban and rural adolescents, both Golden Research Thoughts | Volume 4 | Issue 5 | Nov 2014 3 . A Cross - Cultural Study On The Assessment Of Values Among The Youth Of Jammu And Kashmir And Uttarpardesh male and female. The findings showed that urban students had higher mean scores under theoretical and religious values whereas rural students had higher mean scores on social and aesthetic values. The male students had higher mean scores than female students in theoretical and economic values. Zargar S.S (2012) the study was undertaken to assess and compare the values of higher secondary schools teachers in Kashmir valley. The result of the study highlighted that the Female teachers have higher theoretical and aesthetic values than the male teachers while as male teachers have higher economic and social values than the female teachers. However no significant difference was found on political and religious values. On the other hand, urban teachers have higher Theoretical and Aesthetic values than the rural teachers while as rural teachers have higher economic and social values than urban teachers. However no significant difference was found on political and religious values. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM For the present study problem was stated as: “A Cross-cultural Study on the Assessment of values among the youth of Jammu & Kashmir and Uttarpardesh.” Operational definition of terms and variables: Youth: youth is best understood as a period of transition from the dependence of childhood to adulthood’s independence. Values: Allport (1961) defines it as “a value is a belief upon which a man arts by preference”. Jammu & Kashmir youth: Jammu & Kashmiri youth for the present investigation refer to those who reside in Jammu & Kashmir and have state subject from the same state. Uttarpardesh youth: Uttarpardesh youth for the present study refer to those who reside in Uttarpardesh and have state subject from the same state. OBJECTIVES: 1. To Assess the Theoretical, Aesthetic, Political, Religious, Social and Economic values among male and female youth of Jammu & Kashmir. 2. To Assess the Theoretical, Aesthetic, Political, Religious, Social and Economic values among male and female youth of Uttarpardesh. 3. To compare the Theoretical, Aesthetic, Political, Religious, Social and Economic values among the youth of Jammu & Kashmir and Uttarpardesh. Sample: Sample consists of 100 male and female youth 50 from J&K and 50 from UP. In J&k sample was taken from north region ( Baramulla and Kupwara districts) and in Uttarpardesh sample was taken from lucknow and its adjacent areas. Tools: Value assessment scale developed and standardized by Dr.A.K Ojha and Dr. Mahesh Bhargava was used. Hypotheses: 1. There would be no significant difference in the Theoretical value among the youth of Jammu & Kashmir and Uttarpardesh. 2. There would be no significant difference in the Aesthetic value among the youth of Jammu & Kashmir and Uttarpardesh. Golden Research Thoughts | Volume 4 | Issue 5 | Nov 2014 4 . A Cross - Cultural Study On The Assessment Of Values Among The Youth Of Jammu And Kashmir And Uttarpardesh 3. There would be no significant difference in the Political value among the youth of Jammu & Kashmir and Uttarpardesh. 4. There would be no significant difference in the Religious value among the youth of Jammu & Kashmir and Uttarpardesh. 5. There would be no significant difference in the Social value among the youth of Jammu & Kashmir and Uttarpardesh. 6. There would be no significant difference in the Economic value among the youth of Jammu Kashmir and Uttarpardesh. 7. There would be no significant difference in the values among the male and female youth of Jammu & Kashmir. 8. There would be no significant difference in the values among the male and female youth of Uttarpardesh. Table 1.0 showing the mean, SD, t and df among the youth of Jammu & Kashmir and Uttarpardesh. STATES Jammu & Kashmir Theoretical Value (N=100) 38.16 (N=100) 44.28 t df 9.06* 98 Aesthetic Value (3.21) 37.96 (3.52) 34.34 2.89* 98 Economic Value (6.14) 38.42 (6.37) 47.36 9.86* 98 Social Value (4.32) 45.12 (4.72) 40.84 4.16* 98 Political Value (4.85) 38.94 (5.39) 49.54 12.10* 98 Religious Value (4.72) 52.94 (3.99) 38.9 9.30* 98 (8.06) *=p<.05 Uttarpardesh (6.98) **=p<.01 standard deviation appears in parentheses. Graph 1 showing the mean and SD for six types of values of Jammu & Kashmir and Uttarpardesh youth. Golden Research Thoughts | Volume 4 | Issue 5 | Nov 2014 5 . A Cross - Cultural Study On The Assessment Of Values Among The Youth Of Jammu And Kashmir And Uttarpardesh RESULTS: H01: There would be no significant difference in the Theoretical value among the youth of Jammu & Kashmir and Uttarpardesh. The above table reveals that the mean of the data collected for the Theoretical values among the youth of Jammu & Kashmir is 38.16 and Uttarpardesh 44.28. The same figures were put to the standard deviation for Jammu & Kashmir youth S.D is 3.21 and for Uttarpardesh youth S.D is 3.52. When the sum of figures were put to ‘t’ test we get 9.06. When the tabulated value of ‘t’ at 0.01 and 0.05 level of significance is compared with the calculated value, it was found that calculated value 9.06 is greater than the tabulated value 2.63 & 1.98 at 0.01 & 0.05 respectively. Therefore the value is significant. Hence we can say that the null hypothesis has been rejected. Thus, it can be concluded that there is significant difference in the Theoretical values among the youth of Jammu & Kashmir and Uttarpardesh. The Theoretical Values are higher among Uttarpardesh youth in comparison to Jammu & Kashmir youth. H02: There would be no significant difference in the Aesthetic value among the youth of Jammu & Kashmir and Uttarpardesh. The above table reveals that the mean of the data collected for the Aesthetic values among the youth of Jammu & Kashmir is 37.96 and Uttarpardesh 34.34. The same figures were put to the standard deviation for Jammu & Kashmir youth S.D is 6.14 and for Uttarpardesh youth S.D is 6.37. When the sum of figures were put to ‘t’ test we get 2.89. When the tabulated value of ‘t’ at 0.01 and 0.05 level of significance is compared with the calculated value, it was found that calculated value 2.89 is greater than the tabulated value 2.63 & 1.98 at 0.01 & 0.05 respectively. Therefore the value is significant. Hence we can say that the null hypothesis has been rejected. Thus, it can be concluded that there is significant difference in the Aesthetic values among the youth of Jammu & Kashmir and Uttarpardesh. The Aesthetic Values are higher among Jammu & Kashmir youth in comparison to Uttarpardesh youth. H03: There would be no significant difference in the Political value among the youth of Jammu & Kashmir and Uttarpardesh. The above table reveals that the mean of the data collected for the Economic values among the youth of Jammu & Kashmir is 38.42 and Uttarpardesh 47.36. The same figures were put to the standard deviation for Jammu & Kashmir youth S.D is 4.32 and for Uttarpardesh youth S.D is 4.72. When the sum of figures were put to ‘t’ test we get 9.86. When the tabulated value of ‘t’ at 0.01 and 0.05 level of significance is compared with the calculated value, it was found that calculated value 9.86 is greater than the tabulated value 2.63 & 1.98 at 0.01 & 0.05 respectively. Therefore the value is significant. Hence we can say that the null hypothesis has been rejected. Thus, it can be concluded that there is significant difference in the Economic values among the youth of Jammu & Kashmir and Uttarpardesh. The Economic Values are higher among Uttarpardesh youth in comparison to Jammu & Kashmir youth. H04: There would be no significant difference in the Religious value among the youth of Jammu & Kashmir and Uttarpardesh. The above table reveals that the mean of the data collected for the social values among the youth of Jammu & Kashmir is 45.12 and Uttarpardesh 40.84. The same figures were put to the standard deviation for Jammu & Kashmir youth S.D is 4.85 and for Uttarpardesh youth S.D is 3.99. When the sum of figures were put to ‘t’ test we get 4.16 When the tabulated value of ‘t’ at 0.01 and 0.05 level of significance is compared with the calculated value, it was found that calculated value 4.16 is greater than the tabulated value 2.63 & 1.98 at 0.01 & 0.05 respectively. Therefore the value is significant. Hence we can say that the null hypothesis has been rejected. Golden Research Thoughts | Volume 4 | Issue 5 | Nov 2014 6 . A Cross - Cultural Study On The Assessment Of Values Among The Youth Of Jammu And Kashmir And Uttarpardesh Thus, it can be concluded that there is significant difference in the Social values among the youth of Jammu & Kashmir and Uttarpardesh. The Social Values are higher among Jammu & Kashmir youth in comparison to Uttarpardesh youth. H05: There would be no significant difference in the Social value among the youth of Jammu & Kashmir and Uttarpardesh. The above table reveals that the mean of the data collected for the Political values among the youth of Jammu & Kashmir is 38.94 and Uttarpardesh 49.54. The same figures were put to the standard deviation for Jammu & Kashmir youth S.D is 4.72 and for Uttarpardesh youth S.D is 3.99. When the sum of figures were put to ‘t’ test we get 12.10. When the tabulated value of t at 0.01 and 0.05 level of significance is compared with the calculated value, it was found that the calculated value 12.10 is greater than the tabulated value 2.63 & 1.98 at 0.01 & 0.05 respectively. Therefore the value is significant. Hence we can say that the null hypothesis has been rejected. Thus, it can be concluded that there is significant difference in the Political values among the youth of Jammu & Kashmir and Uttarpardesh. The political Values are higher among Uttarpardesh youth in comparison to Jammu & Kashmir youth. H06: There would be no significant difference in the Economic value among the youth of Jammu & Kashmir and Uttarpardesh. The above table reveals that the mean of the data collected for the Religious values among the youth of Jammu & Kashmir is 52.94 and Uttarpardesh 38.9. The same figures were put to the standard deviation for Jammu & Kashmir youth S.D is 8.06 and for Uttarpardesh youth S.D is 6.98. When the sum of figures were put to ‘t’ test we get 9.30. When the tabulated value of ‘t’ at 0.01 and 0.05 level of significance is compared with the calculated value, it was found that calculated value 9.30 is greater than the tabulated value 2.63 & 1.98 at 0.01 & 0.05 respectively. Therefore the value is significant. Hence we can say that the null hypothesis has been rejected. Thus, it can be concluded that there is significant difference in the Religious values among the youth of Jammu & Kashmir and Uttarpardesh. The Religious Values are higher among Jammu & Kashmir youth in comparison to Uttarpardesh youth. Table 1.2 showing Mean , SD, t value and df for values among boys and girls of Jammu & Kashmir state. STATE JAMMU & KASHMIR Theoretical Value Boys Girls (N=25) 37.96 (N=25) 38.36 t df 0.436* 48 Aesthetic Value (2.918) 35.64 (3.416) 40.28 2.889* 48 Economic Value (6.253) 40.76 (4.770) 37.12 2.790* 48 Social Value (3.982) 42.28 (4.998) 47.96 5.033* 48 Political Value (4.664) 40.36 (3.746) 38.4 1.665* 48 Religious Value (5.090) 56.67 (5.184) 49.91 2.790* 48 (8.299) (7.202) Golden Research Thoughts | Volume 4 | Issue 5 | Nov 2014 7 . A Cross - Cultural Study On The Assessment Of Values Among The Youth Of Jammu And Kashmir And Uttarpardesh *=p<.05 **=p<.01 standard deviation appears in parentheses. Graph 2 showing the Mean and SD of six types of values among Boys and Girls of Jammu & Kashmir state. H07:The above table 1.2 shows the Mean, SD and t value for the data collected for the various values among the male and female youth of Jammu & Kashmir. When the tabulated values of t at 0.05 and 0.01 level of significance was compared with the calculated values, it was found that the calculated values of aesthetic, economic, social and religious values are greater than the table values. Therefore the values are significant. While as the calculated values of theoretical and political values are smaller than the table values and are therefore insignificant. Thus, it can be concluded that there is a significant difference in the aesthetic, economic, social and religious values among the male and female youth of Jammu & Kashmir. Economic and religious values are higher among boys while as aesthetic and social values are higher among girls. Table 1.3 showing Mean, SD, t value and df for values among boys and girls of Uttarpardesh state. State Uttarpardesh Theoretical Value Boys Girls t df (N=25) 46.68 (N=25) 41.68 5.966* 48 Aesthetic Value (2.361) 32.48 (3.237) 36.2 2.138* 48 Economic Value (7.035) 47.04 (5.349) 46.92 0.0856 48 Social Value (5.447) 40.64 (4.689) 41.04 0.259* 48 Political Value (3.907) 45.52 (6.458) 38.96 3.604* 48 Religious Value (6.729) 38.96 (5.847) 38.84 (8.024) (5.614) Golden Research Thoughts | Volume 4 | Issue 5 | Nov 2014 0.060* 48 8 . A Cross - Cultural Study On The Assessment Of Values Among The Youth Of Jammu And Kashmir And Uttarpardesh *=p<.05 **=p<.01 standard deviation appears in parentheses. Graph 3 showing the Mean and SD of six types of values among Boys and Girls of Uttarpardesh state. H08:The above table 1.3 shows the Mean, SD and t value for the data collected for the various values among the male and female youth of Uttarpardesh. When the tabulated values of t at 0.05 and 0.01 level of significance was compared with the calculated values, it was found that calculated values of theoretical political and aesthetic, values are greater than the table values. Therefore the values are significant. While as the calculated values of economic, social and religious are smaller than the table values and are therefore insignificant. Thus, it can be concluded that there is a significant difference in the theoretical, aesthetic, and political values among the male and female youth of Uttarpardesh. Theoretical and political values are higher among boys while as aesthetic among girls. DISCUSSION: Values are considered as potent determinants of human behavior. A value is what is desired or what is sought. Values may be operationally conceived as those guiding principles of life which are conductive to one’s physical and mental as well as to social welfare and adjustment (Govindarajan et al 2012). The goal of this study was to assess the values among the youths of Jammu & Kashmir and Uttarpardesh states of India. Equal no, of males and females were taken from both the states. The results reveal that there is a significant difference in the values among the youths of both the states in all the six types of the values. The mean scores of theoretical values for UP youths were 44.28 and for J&K were 38.16. The theoretical values were found higher among the youths of Uttarpardesh state in comparison to youths of Jammu & Kashmir state. The mean scores of Aesthetic values for UP youths were 34.34 and for J&K were 37.96. The Aesthetic values were found higher among the youths of Jammu & Kashmir state in comparison to youths of Uttarpardesh state. The mean scores of Economic values for UP youths were 47.36 and for J&K were 38.42. The Economic values were found higher among the youths of Uttarpardesh state in comparison to youths of Jammu & Kashmir state. The mean scores of Social values for UP youths were 40.84 and for J&K were 45.12. The Social values were found higher among the youths of Jammu & Kashmir state in comparison to youths of Uttarpardesh state. Similarly the mean scores of Political values for UP youths were 49.54 and for J&K youth were 38.94. The Political values were found higher among the youths of Uttarpardesh state in comparison to youths of Jammu & Kashmir state. The mean scores of Religious values for UP youths were 38.9 and for J&K were 52.94. The Religious values were found higher among the youths of Jammu & Kashmir state in comparison to youths of Uttarpardesh state.. The results clearly identify that there is a need to inculcate the Theoretical, Political and Economic values among the youths of Jammu and Kashmir while as Aesthetic, Social and Religious values Golden Research Thoughts | Volume 4 | Issue 5 | Nov 2014 9 . A Cross - Cultural Study On The Assessment Of Values Among The Youth Of Jammu And Kashmir And Uttarpardesh needs to be inculcated among the youths of Uttarpardesh. So it is essentially the responsibility of teachers to inculcate these values among the youths. As nobody in this world is born with values. Values are learnt, developed and are also likely to change in one’s life. Persons acquire experience they grow and learnt. Out of experiences may come certain general guides to behavior, these guides tend to give direction to life and may be called values. Individuals internalize values as result of their experiences and experiments in life, through socio-cultural interactions and interpretations. In this study Values among both the genders I.e. males and females of both the states were also assessed and compared. It was found that and Economic and Religious values are higher among the boys of Jammu & Kashmir state. While as the Aesthetic and Social values are higher among girls in comparison to boys of J&K. No significant difference was found in the Theoretical and Political values. Similar results were found by Qazi and Afshana (2012) .Results reveal that there is a significant difference in the theoretical and social values. While as no significant difference was found in economic, political, aesthetic and religious values. Theoretical values are dominant among adolescent girls while as social among adolescent boys. Similarly among the youths of Uttarpardesh state Theoretical and political values are higher among the boys while as aesthetic are higher among the girls. No significant difference was found in the Economic, Social and Religious values among the boys and the girls of Uttarpardesh state. It is therefore strongly recommended to impart the value education to the students so that the greater values may inculcate in them .Education has fundamental role to play in individual and social development. It is one of the principal means available to foster a deeper and more harmonious form of human development. REFRENCES: 1.Allport G.W. (1961) Pattern and growth in personality New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, p =296- 297. 2.Education in Value: A source book (1992). Department of Publication NCERT, New Delhi. 3.Encarta Dictionary, (1999) Macmillan Indian Ltd. Chennai. 4.Ganie M.Y (2012) Study of values of college teachers in district Srinagar. INQUIRY Educational journal vol.33 (p.02-10) Dec 2012. 5.Govind,K. and Murugen S (2012) “A study of values among student- Teachers”. International journal of behavioral social and movement sciences vol. 01, (issue 03) July 2012. 6.Mir P.A and Ganie M.Y (2012) Personality Characteristics, Values, Attitudes and Academic Achievement of Kashmiri and Punjabi students – A Cross-cultural Study. INQUIRY Educational journal vol.33 (p.91-101) Dec 2012. 7.Qazi N, Afshana (2012) A Comparative study of values of adolescent’s boys and girls of district Srinagar. INQUIRY Educational journal vol.33(p.23-32) Dec 2012. 8.Rokeach, m. (1973). The nature of human values. Newyork: free press. 9.Sharma,L(2006) ”A comparative study of value orientation of Pre-service secondary school teachers of Distt. HAMIRPUR of Himachal Pradesh” .M.Ed dissertation H.P.U. Shimla. 10.Spranger,E. Types of Men, Halle, German; Niemeyer 1928. 11.Zargar S.S (2012) A study of values of higher secondary school teachers in kashmir valley. Inquiry an educational journal vol. 33 (p.119-128) 2012. Muntazir Maqbool PhD Scholars ,Department of Psychology HNB Garhwal University (A Central University) Srinagar Garhwal Uttarakhand. Neharshi Shrivastava PhD Scholars ,Department of Psychology HNB Garhwal University (A Central University) Srinagar Garhwal Uttarakhand. Golden Research Thoughts | Volume 4 | Issue 5 | Nov 2014 10 Publish Research Article International Level Multidisciplinary Research Journal ForORIGINAL All Subjects ARTICLE Dear Sir/Mam, We invite unpublished Research Paper,Summary of Research Project,Theses,Books and Book Review for publication,you will be pleased to know that our journals are Associated and Indexed,India ¬ International Scientific Journal Consortium ¬ OPEN J-GATE Associated and Indexed,USA EBSCO ? ? Index Copernicus ? Publication Index ? Academic Journal Database ? Contemporary Research Index ? Academic Paper Databse ? Digital Journals Database ? Current Index to Scholarly Journals ? Elite Scientific Journal Archive ? Directory Of Academic Resources ? 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