Business Analysis Inggang Perwangsa Nuralam, SE., MBA. Part 1 As a Problem Solver Hal ini berarti bahwa analisis bisnis merupakan sebuah upaya peamecahan masalah dan menambah nilai organisasi. Dengan Cara Apa? Menyediakan Perencanaan, Peta (Road Map), Langkah-langkah, Metode Pengerjaan, dan Jalan Keluar Terbaik. THE ORIGINS OF BUSINESS ANALYSIS “Semua berawal dari Information Teknologi (IT)” Paul, Debra (2010) • Business Operations • Management Decision making Development of new services and products THE DEVELOPMENT OF BUSINESS ANALYSIS Outsourced their IT services and functions Competitive advantage of using IT The importance of the business analyst Successful business change The use of consultants let’s discuss about “business” as part of business analysis Business operates under various Environment Constraints Your Business Here These Environment Constraints acts as drivers for Business Change Business Analysis is now the enabler for identifying “what” is required to be done to achieve the desired Change or Goal. Business Analysis Identify the “What” Problem Domain Analysis Business Analysis Works with Teams to determine “How” - The Solution Domain Analysis Business Change Cycle In the beggining…. Projects were like a battlefield….. A lot of work was being done….. But it was not always productive later on….. Organization invested in Project Management Practice Plan Build Test typical project lifecycle Implement still unsuccesful result Plan Build Test typical project lifecycle Implement it did not work Why it doesn’t work? • • • • • • Only 16.2% of projects will be completed on time & on budget About 40-56% of project conflicts can be traced to requirement errors Finding and fixing requirement errors consumes 70-85% of project rework costs The average project exceeds its planned time schedule by 120% About 52.7% of projects will cost 189% of their original estimate About 30% of projects are cancelled before completion. Typical project… …expends least effort on requirements analysis… …which is where most errors originate… …and whose errors cost most to fix! That is why project is doomed… Now… The Picture is Complete Plan Build Plan Build Test Business Analysis Project Management Implement The Business Analyst in Context The Definition of Business Analysis IIBA* defines a Business Analysis: The set of tasks & techniques used to: 1. Work as a liaison among stakeholders 2. To understand the structure, policies and operations of an organization 3. and to recommend solutions that enable the organization to achieve its goals. * Source: International Institute of Business Analysis (IIBA®) adalah rangkaian tugas & teknik yang digunakan untuk: bekerja sebagai penghubung antara para pemangku kepentingan untuk memahami struktur, kebijakan dan operasi dari suatu organisasi dan merekomendasikan solusi agar suaut organisasi dapat mencapai tujuannya. Business Analysis new discipline that promises to offer great benefit to organisations by ensuring that business needs are aligned with implemented business change solutions. Many of those solutions will involve new or enhanced information systems, but others may have a broader scope incorporating changes to areas such as business processes and job roles. Debra Paul, Donald Yeates and James Cadle , 2010 The Requirements Requirement: IIBA’s Definition A Requirement is defined to be: 1. A condition or capability needed by a stakeholder to solve a problem or achieve an objective; 2. A condition or capability that must be met or possessed by a system to satisfy a contract, standard, specification, or other formally imposed document. 3. A documented representation of a condition or capability as in (1) or (2). Sebuah Kebutuhan didefinisikan sebagai: Sebuah kondisi atau kemampuan yang dibutuhkan oleh pemangku kepentingan untuk memecahkan masalah atau mencapai tujuan; Sebuah kondisi atau kemampuan yang harus dipenuhi atau dimiliki oleh sistem untuk memenuhi kontrak, standar, spesifikasi, atau dokumen lainnya secara resmi dikenakan (sesuai yang berlaku); Sebuah dokumen yang merepresentasikan dari sebuah kondisi atau kemampuan seperti pada (1) atau (2). Business Analysis Practice Business analysis is the practice of enabling change in an organizational context by defining needs and recommending solutions that deliver value to stakeholders. Analisis bisnis adalah praktek yang memungkinkan perubahan dalam konteks organisasi dengan mendefinisikan kebutuhan dan merekomendasikan solusi yang memberikan nilai bagi stakeholder. THE SCOPE OF BUSINESS ANALYSIS WORK “Different feedback from wide organisations have highlighted that business analysis job descriptions are unclear, a range of possibilities and do not always describe their responsibilities accurately.” One way in which we can consider the business analyst role is to examine the possible range of analysis activities. POTENTIAL RANGE OF THE BUSINESS ANALYST ROLE Strategic analysis and definition GAP Business analysis IT systems analysis Typically the work of senior management, often supported by strategy consultants • Investigate a business system where improvements are required. • Recommend actions that would overcome a problem or achieve business benefits. • Focus specifically on enhancing or replacing an existing IT system in line with business requirements. Analysing and specifying the IT system requirements in sufficient detail to provide a basis for the evaluation of software packages through data modelling and process or function modelling Organisation Taking a holistic approach Technology People Process The business analysis maturity model The four views of a business system principles for business analysis 1. Root causes, not symptoms: to distinguish between the symptoms of business problems and their root causes, and to investigate and address the root causes. 2. Business improvement, not IT change: to recognise that IT systems should enable business opportunity, to analyse opportunities for business improvement and to enable business agility. 3. Options, not solutions: to challenge predetermined solutions, and identify and evaluate options for meeting business needs. 4. Feasible, contributing requirements, not all requests: to be aware of financial and timescale constraints, to identify requirements that are not feasible and do not contribute to business objectives, and to evaluate stated requirements against business needs and constraints. 5. The entire business change lifecycle, not just requirements definition: to analyse business situations and support the effective development, testing, deployment and post- implementation review of solutions. 6. Negotiation, not avoidance: to recognise conflicting stakeholder views and requirements, and negotiate conflicts between stakeholders. 7. Business agility, not business perfection: to enable organisations to be responsive to external pressures and to recognise the importance of timely, relevant solutions. The business analysis maturity model The capability maturity model integration