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Evoluzione delle propulsioni
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Torino,
T
i
Lingotto
Li
tt Fiere
Fi
22 aprile 2015
Diesel Passenger Car : Target 2020
Ing. Francesco MONTEAMARO
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presentatore
Diesel Passenger Car: Target 2020
1
Drivers & Megatrends for Powertrain
2
System Strategies Diesel
3
E l ti off electrification
Evolution
l t ifi ti
4
Quality Requirements & Challenges
5
Summary
Turin, 22.04.2015
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Diesel Passenger Car: Target 2020
Drivers for Powertrain Development
Legislation
Market
Soft Factors
 Emission/Diagnosis
Legislation
 Crude Oil
reserves ⇩
 Annual
Mileage ⇩
 CO2 / Green
House Gases
Legislation
 Fuel Price ⇧
 EV Incentives
 Battery Price ⇩
 Willingness to pay
 Fuel Economy
 Incentives &
Taxation
 EV Infrastructure
I f
improvements
 New Technology
B i
Business
f Green
for
G
Image
I
 E-Motion
Need for further IC Engine improvements and alternative Powertrain Technologies will lead
to increased Powertrain diversification
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EV: Electric Vehicle
3
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presentatore
Diesel Passenger Car: Target 2020
Megatrends affecting Diesel Systems
Energy Efficiency
CO2 fleet targets for PC,
fuel efficiency for CV
Connectivity & Web3.0
New business models
Powertrain
P
t i
Competition and
diversification, TCO,
mobility concepts,
concepts
Downsizing
Market Growth in
Asia Pacific
Increasing growth of small
vehicle segment
Tightened
Emissions and OBD
RDE, WLTC
and new sensors
Innovations
HPT, Diesel Hybrid,
WHR G
WHR,
Gas, NSC
NSC, …
EGT
Diesel business enabler,
cost challenge
Product Cost and
Technology Competition
High end / low end
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Diesel Passenger Car: Target 2020
Requirements & Challenges
 CO2 & E
Emission
i i L
Legislation
i l ti llead
d tto
increasing complexity of
diesel systems
 Worldwide usage and different fuel
quality add complexity for engineering
 Increasing focus on
EU VI
 Development times
 Variant handling
 Cost
$
RDE
Technical and Economical Reasons require advanced Quality & Cost Effective Solutions
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Diesel Passenger Car: Target 2020
Diesel Engine System Optimization Strategy
Compression ratio (≈16) optimized (Trade-off:
CO2
Fuel consumption/HC,CO)
CO2
Air system and turbocharger transient
optimized improved TC efficiency @ part load
optimized,
HP- and LP-EGR system (flexible fraction)
+ efficient EGR cooling
CRS 2200-2500 bar, in future up to 3000 bar for
highest spec. power (PC Top) or part load BSFC
CO2
optimization (with reduced HFR)
Digital Rate shaping (DRS) for NVH and Fuel
CO2
Consumption reduction
CO2
Reduced HC critical nozzle volume
SCR based NOx Aftertreatment to
achieve Euro 6 + RDE depending on EU
CO2
RDE and US Requirements
Additional heat up measures (if required)
HP-/LP-EGR: High/low pressure exhaust gas recirculation; TC: Turbo charger; CRS: Common rail system; HFR: Hydraulic flow rate; NSC: NOx storage catalyst; SCR: Selective
catalytic reduction
Holistic system optimization approach required to fulfill future norms
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Diesel Passenger Car: Target 2020
Di
Diesel
l
3%
1 2%
1-2
4-5 %
low
PFP
D5
1-2 %
8-12%
2 3%
2-3
Dethrottl.
Frict.
red.
CRP/
HF
adapt.
Downsized
cyl.-#
D5
93
Step 2
2020
NEDC
EU6 ff
D4 = Best-in-Class Diesel 2012
1.6l, 4 Cyl., 4V, FIE 2000 bar, t/c
VNT SCR
VNT,
SCR, MT6
D5 = 1.6l, 4 Cyl., 4V, FIE <2200
bar, t/c VNT, Friction Reduction
(engine), LP-EGR, De-throttling,
CRP/HF-adaption, SCR, MT6
LPEGR
Step 1
Compact
Reference Base: CW 1400 kg,
100 kW, NEDC
T/C
frict.
Option 1
4 cyll. 1.6l T/C, SCR
R, EU6
Best-in-class Diese
el, 2012
1-2 %
D4
103
3%
D6
12-17%
Option 2
CO2
re
eduction
NEDC: CO2-Reduction Packages (Compact Class, 100 kW, 2020)
D6
88
CRP/HF= common rail pressure / hydraulic flow | LP-EGR= low-pressure EGR system Frict. Red. = friction reduction | De-Throttl. = dethrottling engine | PFP= low-peak firing pressure | T/C = turbocharger | SCR = selective catalytic reduction
D6 = 1.6l / 1.2l, 4V, FIE <2500 bar,
t/ VNT,
t/c
VNT Friction
F i ti Red.-Pack
R d P k
(engine, t/c), LP-EGR, De-throttl.,
CRP/HF-adaption, SCR, MT6,
Opt. 1: Low-PFP, 1.6l ;
Opt. 2: 3 Cyl., 1.2l
w/ Bosch contribution
in HW or SW
Diesel powertrains offer further CO2-reduction potential of up to 17%
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Diesel Passenger Car: Target 2020
NEDC: CO2-Reduction
Reduction Packages (Compact
(C
t Cl
Class, 100 kW
kW, 2020)
Diesel
2%
10-12%
1-2
1
2%
5-10%
Start
Stop
Friction reduction
(e.g. beltdrive, …)
D6
12-17%
D4
103
Powertrain measures
D7
15-21%
Stop
CRP/
HF
adv.
3%
SSC1
1-2%
Start
IDC1
BRS
@ belt
+
SSC
Stop
SiG1
D6
88
Step 3
Compact
2020
NEDC
EU6 ff
Reference Base:
IWC 1400 kg, 100 kW, EU6,
NEDC driving cycle
Start
DRS-II
4 cyl. 1.6l T/C, S
SCR, EU6
Be
est-in-class Diiesel, 2012
CO2
reduction
n
Engine measures
D6 = 1.6l/1.2l, 4V, FIE <2500
bar, t/c VNT, Friction Red.-Pack
(engine,
LP-EGR, De(engine t/c),
t/c) LP-EGR
throttling, CRP/HF-adaption,
NSC/SCR, MT6, Low-PFP
D7 = 1.6l/1.2l, 4V, FIE 2500
bar, Friction Red.-Pack (engine,
belt drive), digital rate shaping ,
D th ttli
De-throttling,
CRP/HF
CRP/HF-adaption,
d ti
D7
84
CRP/HF= common rail pressure / hydraulic flow | LP-EGR= low-pressure EGR system | Frict. Red. = friction reduction | De-Throttl. = de-throttling
engine | PFP= low-peak firing pressure | T/C = turbocharger | NSC = NOx storage catalyst | SCR = selective catalytic reduction | DRS = digital
rate shaping |
SiG = Start in Gear | IDC = Idle coasting | SSC = start stop coasting
w/ Bosch contribution
in HW or SW
NEDC / Compact: Non HEV Diesel Cars have potential to stay below CO2 level of 80 g/km !
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Diesel Passenger Car: Target 2020
Segment Specific CO2-Strategies, Europe 2020
250
Market EU
EU Q1/2014
2012
Market
230
Best-in-Market Gasoline 01/2014
210
Best-in-Market Diesel 01/2014
CO2 g/km
190
170
Dots show best in
Diesel
market vehicles in
Gasoline
EU Q1/2014
150
HEV
130
HEV
BRS
90
BRS
70
50
800
Entry Class (A/B)
1000
1200
Standard Class (C/D)
1400
1600
1800
PHE
EV
PHE
EV
110
Top /SUV Class (E/F)
2000
2200
2400
kg
Entry (A/B): 1040-1100 kg, 60 kW; Standard (C/D): 1330-1400 kg, 100 kW; TOP(E/F): 1800-2000 kg, 150 kW (4 cylinder)-190 kW (6 cylinder); All: NEDC
Segment specific solutions required to achieve CO2 targets in 2020:
Entry Class w/o electrification, Standard Class w/ BRS and TOP/SUV Class w/ Diesel-PHEV
BRS: Boost Recuperation System; (P)HEV = (Plug
(Plug-in)
in) Hybrid Electric Vehicle
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Diesel Passenger Car: Target 2020
Evolution of Electrification
Innov
vation line
Bosch innovation line
to support future
market requirements!
Start/Stop
p
Coasting
Advanced
Start/Stop
4
6
0
x 1000 / min
120
Start
4
Baseline:
Start/Stop
2
6
6
Start 80
A 40
Stop0
0
A
Stop
80
40
0
A
Stop
0
80
40
Stop
80
40
x 1000 / min
km/h
4
6
0
x 1000 / min
A
80
Stop
20
80
40
160
200
x 1000 / min
km/h
Recuperation
Recuperation
Coasting
160
Boost
200
x 1000 / min
km/h
Boost
e-drive
160
200
km/h
0
A
Stop
Recuperation
120
40
6
Coasting
km/h
Start
2
200
160
4
2
Coasting
160
200
x 1000 / min
A
6
-
-
Start
4
4
2
-
Start
Start
48V
Systems
2
2
PHEV
sHEV
Coasting
e-drive
Boost
120
160
200
km/h
e-drive entry
CO2 potential
sHEV: Strong Hybrid | PHEV: Plug-In Hybrid | BRS: Boost recuperation system | St/St: Start/Stop
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Diesel Passenger Car: Target 2020
Quality Requirements & Challenges
IInnovative
ti technologies,
t h l i
P
Powertrain
t i diversification
di
ifi ti and
d
Word Wide usage lead to even higher attention on:
• Product and System
y
Requirement
q
analysis
y
• Introduction of new and extended Mission Profiles for validation
(system approach mandatory needed)
Innovation by validation: introduction of virtual environment
(e.g. Hardware in the Loop), Connectivity (Remote control)
become requirements
q
for Quality
y improvement
p
(not only
y
“efficiency measures”…)
Safety Standards (e.g. ISO 26262) in combination with
upcoming
i new, even more complex
l technologies
t h l i represents
t
one of the main technical challenges for future mobility
solutions
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Diesel Passenger Car: Target 2020
Summary
Powertrain diversification will increase, but IC Engine
remains still dominant on the WW market (Focus 2020)
There will be solutions for the Diesel Powertrain to comply
th Emissions
the
E i i
and
d CO2 challenges,
h ll
iimproving
i th
the ffuell
economy of Diesel powered vehicles
Success factor is a comprehensive system approach in
order to ensure a proper and cost optimized solutions,
matching
t hi upcoming
i legal
l
l and
d quality
lit requirements
i
t
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of section
presentatore
Thank You !
Invented for life
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