2014-2015 SEASON CELEBRATING 40 YEARS OF MUSIC ARTISTRY AND COMMUNITY IN CONCERT LIVING PRESENCE March 22, 2015 CAMBRIDGE SYM H NY ORCHESTRA cynthia woods music director Mar 2015 CSO program.indd 1 3/10/15 8:24 PM We’re here because you’re here. Cambridge Trust is a proud sponsor of the Cambridge Symphony Orchestra. 1*/&!$"/20184",##"/#2))/+$",#-"/0,+)+(&+$8 20&+"00+(&+$8+!4")1%*+$"*"+10"/3& "04&1%,21 #,/$"11&+$4%1`01/2)6&*-,/1+1\-"/0,+)11"+1&,+#/,* -",-)"6,2 ,*"1,(+,4+!1/201:,*"0""1%"!&##"/"+ ": 1"-&+1,,+",#,2/<=/+ %"08 ))201A<B9CBA9@@;;8,/3&0&1 444: */&!$"1/201: ,*: Welcome to Life’s Bank. Cambridgetrust.com */&!$"S,01,+S")*,+1S,+ ,/!S"5&+$1,+S&+ ,)+S"01,+ Member FDIC Mar 2015 CSO program.indd 2 3/10/15 8:24 PM CAMBRIDGE SYMPHONY ORCHESTRA Celebrating 40 Years of Music Cynthia Woods, Music Director Lina Marcela Gonzalez, Assistant Conductor Board of Directors Josh Garstka, President Abe Dewing, Vice President, Marketing Robert Berens, Secretary Tom Engeln, Treasurer Rachel Spiller, Co-Founder, Development Chair Brian Bunnell, Logistics Chair Christopher Carter Eron Hackshaw Andrew Leeson Emily Richmond Pollock e. Ellen Newell, Board Member Emeritus Carol Thomas, Board Member Emeritus William Yates, Advisory Board Member Additional Staff Adam Mauskapf, Personnel Manager Audrey Dunne, Librarian Heather Classen, Lead Designer Cover photo courtesy Susan Wilson. If you enjoyed this afternoon, we hope you’ll celebrate our 40th birthday with us at our final Masterworks concert: THE NEW WORLD Saturday, May 16, 2015 at 8 p.m. The Center for Arts at the Armory com MOZART Overture to The Magic Flute DVORAK Symphony No. 9 (From the New World) ELGAR Enigma Variations Spotlighting the work of Somerville Homeless Coalition in our community. See the rest of our 40th season at cambridgesymphony.org. 01,+ 3 FDIC Mar 2015 CSO program.indd 3 3/10/15 8:24 PM Cynthia Woods, Music Director © Susan Wilson “The final offering, Bela Bartok’s Concerto for Orchestra, was... Cynthia Woods’s time in the sun.” Basil Considine, Boston Musical Intelligencer, Nov. 11, 2013 Hailed as a conductor with “gusto and exuberance” (Jim McDonald, Boston Musical Intelligencer) whose performances have “dynamic and immersing” outcomes (John Galigour, Sun Valley News), and recognized for her “intelligent and out of the ordinary programming” (Vance Koven, Boston Musical Intelligencer), Ms. Woods has become a recognized and respected conductor in the Boston community and beyond. The Music Director for the Cambridge Symphony Orchestra, Ms. Woods is also a frequent guest conductor, having performed across the U.S., Europe, and South America. Ms. Woods began her conducting career with a literal bang, making her debut with Stravinsky’s iconic masterwork The Rite of Spring and the massive 118-piece Worcester Consortium Orchestra. Since then she has gone on to a successful career, winning acclaim in all idioms, including opera, choral, chamber, and symphonic orchestra. While she is profoundly committed to new music—she has collaborated with some of today’s most respected living composers, such as Joan Tower, Lisa Bielawa and Harold Farberman—she is also known for her interpretations of the great masters.Most recently, she served as the Music Director for a new documentary from Oscar-winning director Morgan Neville (20 Feet from Stardom). Along with her conducting activities, Ms. Woods is also a frequent speaker and writer. She has been a guest lecturer at institutions such as MIT and the Longy School of Music of Bard College, a panelist for radio shows such as WGBH’s Callie Crossley, and a frequent contributor to The Boston Herald’s State of the Arts blog. Ms. Woods began her musical studies as a violinist, focusing heavily on chamber music. Her undergraduate quartet scholarship at the University of Colorado Boulder allowed her to study side by side with the Grammy award-winning Takács Quartet. Additional work with members of the celebrated Muir and Stanford String Quartets followed. Eventually she turned her attention to the podium, earning an M.M. and Artist Diploma from the Hartt School of Music, where she was the recipient of the Dean’s Talent Scholarship Award for the duration of her study there. Along with her conducting and violin studies she was awarded a full fellowship to study composition at the Atlantic Center for the Arts. In addition to her current roles as Music Director and guest conductor, Ms. Woods also serves on the conducting and violin faculty of New England Conservatory’s Department of Preparatory and Continuing Studies. 4 Mar 2015 CSO program.indd 4 3/10/15 8:25 PM Members of the Orchestra FIRST VIOLINS Jacob Bergmann Zidi Chen Josh Garstka Adriana Heredia Sarah Izen Stan Mah Cat Powell Divya Srinivasan Nina Slywotsky* Camille Yongue SECOND VIOLINS Patricia Bass Lydia Beall Irene Brockman Heather Classen Ruth Jeka Rebecca Kreipke Virginia Love Jennifer Lyons Lane Marder Tadhg Pearson Sarah Perkins Miriam Raffeld Erica Siegel* Vitaliy Slobotskoy Leo Torrente Albert Trithart VIOLAS Emily Breitbart Brendan Banerdt Jeff Bezanson Philip Collier Kim Etingoff Kaitlin Holman Kirsten Peltz Mar 2015 CSO program.indd 5 Anna Perko Molly Shira* CELLOS Audrey Dunne April Greene-Colozzi Joanna Jerison Erica Kung Katherine Miller Christopher Moriarty Drew Olsen Nick Pittman Robert Powell Joydita Sarkar* David Tresner-Kirsch Shana Wang BASSES Troy Harvey* Dave Shrake FLUTES Ellen Newell Elizabeth Petri-Henske Carol Thomas OBOES Carolyn Hayes M. Patrick Kane Emily Richmond Pollock CLARINETS Expedito Almeida Pierre-Alexis Deneux Allison Eck BASSOONS Adam Fouse Will Gorman Rachel Spiller HORNS Robert Berens John-Morgan Bush Adam Mauskapf Emily Schon Dan Severson Charles Telfer Williams TRUMPETS Brian Bunnell Rebecca Cherry Andy Cormier Lars Johnsen Dan Stringer TROMBONES Jelly Chan Nicole Irwin Benjamin Miller Andy Pollock Ryan Shofnos TUBA Bill Whitney PERCUSSION Danielle Fortner Douglas Jacobs Natalie Shelton ORGAN Jim Overly PIANO Dan Rodriguez HARP Catie Canale *Section leader 3/10/15 8:25 PM Cambridge Music Consortium Skilled Independent Instructors High quality musical training In the heart of Cambridge CMC has a dynamic and passionate team of teachers, offering lessons, chamber music, recitals, master classes and workshops. Contact us today about studying at CMC! 315 Broadway, Cambridge, MA 02139 www.cmclessons.com All the world's a stage See the sets Mar 2015 CSO program.indd 6 3/10/15 8:25 PM m Celebrating 40 years of music, 1975-2015. LIVING PRESENCE Sunday, March 22, 2015, 4 p.m. Kresge Auditorium, MIT SPOTLIGHT PARTNER TARGETCANCER FOUNDATION DUKAS Fanfare from La Péri RESPIGHI Pines of Rome The Pines of the Villa Borghese Pines near a Catacomb The Pines of the Janiculum The Pines of the Appian Way Intermission BRAHMS Piano Concerto No. 2 in B-flat major Max Levinson, piano Allegro non troppo Allegro appassionato Andante Allegretto grazioso This concert has been generously supported by Special thanks to Cambridge Trust Company for underwriting youth tickets and Draper Laboratory for season support. This concert will end around 6 p.m. Please turn off all electronic devices. Mar 2015 CSO program.indd 7 3/10/15 8:25 PM Mar 2015 CSO program.indd 8 3/10/15 8:25 PM About Our Spotlight Partner TARGETCANCER FOUNDATION TargetCancer Foundation promotes the development of lifesaving treatment protocols for rare cancers. TargetCancer Foundation directly supports initiatives at the forefront of cancer treatment by funding innovative research, fostering collaborations, and raising awareness among scientists, clinicians, and patients. Developing treatments for rare diseases—affecting fewer than 200,000 Americans—is not financially viable for most pharmaceutical companies. Due to the lack of funding, researchers lack basic tools needed to make progress—in many cases patients are treated with therapies designed for other cancers. TargetCancer Foundation is addressing this problem by focusing research dollars on cancers that are not only rare, but also suffer from a lack of funding and basic research tools, and as a result, have no treatments and poor rates of survival. The foundation provides seed funding to jumpstart research programs for rare cancers where even the most basic research building blocks do not yet exist. In just five years, research initiated by TargetCancer Foundation has been published in major scientific journals including Nature and translated to several clinical trials, giving hope to patients who previously had no treatment options. About the Artist MAX LEVINSON Pianist Max Levinson is known as an intelligent and sensitive artist with a fearless technique. Levinson’s career was launched when he won First Prize at the Guardian Dublin International Piano Competition, the first American to achieve this distinction. He received overwhelming critical acclaim for his two solo recordings on N2K Encoded Music, and was awarded the prestigious Avery Fisher Career Grant. In 2005, he was given the Andrew Wolf Award for his chamber music playing. The Boston Globe proclaimed: “The questioning, conviction, and feeling in his playing invariably reminds us of the deep reasons why music is important to us, why we listen to it, why we care so much about it.” Artistic Director of the San Juan Chamber Music Festival (in Ouray, Colorado) and former Co-Artistic Director of the Janus 21 Concert Series in Cambridge, Massachussetts, Max Levinson is an active chamber musician and conductor. In 1997, he was named “Best Debut Artist” by The Boston Globe and was added to Steinway’s distinguished roster of artists. Recordings include Max Levinson, his debut recording of Brahms, Schumann, Schönberg and Kirchner, and Out of Doors: Piano Music of Béla Bartók. His most recent recording is of the Brahms Sonatas for Violin and Piano, with violinist Stefan Jackiw (Sony). Upcoming recording projects include the complete piano music of Bruce Sutherland. Strongly committed to nurturing young audiences, Max Levinson has been a participant in the Grammy in the Schools program throughout the United States and in other outreach performances in numerous cities. He is on the faculty of the Boston Conservatory, where his students have achieved success in numerous competitions. He also teaches at the Killington Music Festival, and was formerly on the applied music faculty of Brown University. 9 Mar 2015 CSO program.indd 9 3/10/15 8:25 PM Notes on the Music FANFARE FROM LA PÉRI The last large-scale work completed by the French composer Paul Dukas, best known for his symphonic poem The Sorcerer’s Apprentice, was La Péri, a “poème dansé” that premiered in Paris in 1912. The ballet itself was a mystical love story that showcased Dukas’ gifts for orchestration and dynamic effect, always well suited to projects with a magical atmosphere and narrative goal. This short Fanfare was composed as a kind of prelude to the ballet, without specific connections to the plot; in its grandeur it is both focused and brilliant. After a short opening that presents the conventional voicing, rhythms, and gestures of a regal fanfare, a jaunty arpeggiated melody is presented several times and lightly developed. Harmonized in a gently expanded late-Romantic harmony, each phrase flaunts the brass section’s ability to articulate a crisp attack and blend toward a cadence. This section is followed by a more contemplative chorale-like passage that builds to a fortissimo return of the opening fanfare and an emphatic close. PINES OF ROME Ottorino Respighi, the foremost composer in Italy during the Fascist period, composed a trilogy of symphonic poems between 1915 and 1928: Fountains of Rome, Pines of Rome, and Roman Festivals. These works’ natural, architectural, and ritual patriotism at a time of rising nationalist sentiment made Respighi both rich and famous; in terms of style, Respighi was harmonically conservative but undeniably gifted in color and dramatic gesture. Individual movements in these works are more depictive than narrative, usually creating a single unified mood driven by additive orchestration, repeating accompanimental underpinnings, and a sure hand with melodic shape. The movements of Pines of Rome depict pine trees in four different settings: a grand villa, an ancient catacomb, a grand hilltop, and a venerated road leading to the center of the city. Respighi 25 Lowell Street Cambridge, MA Private Lessons | Ensembles Group Instrument & Voice Early Childhood Music & Movement Vacation Programs | Concerts Call 617.492.8105 today! www.newschoolofmusic.org Mar 2015 CSO program.indd 10 3/10/15 8:25 PM er Paul poème showwith a ude to illiant. a regal Harmo’s abila more re and period, ines of a time espighi ividual unified a sure an anespighi wrote vivid descriptions for each, providing a sense of the images he had imagined while composing. The Villa Borghese is the setting for a group of children at play, dancing and pretending to be soldiers (hence the prominent brass). Their “swarming” in and out of the shady grove is portrayed by the swirling trills and loops of the orchestra’s high voices, while bouncy melodies and irregular rhythms give the music its forward momentum. In effect, this is all an excuse for the orchestra to be as bright and shiny as possible, several times building from a melodically grounded phrase up to an animated climax. The contrast with the second movement could not be greater. The ruined catacomb is portrayed as a site of ghostly and fragmentary singing, floating over a bare, low, solemn bass. The phrasing and harmonization of the melodies, as well as their interval content, allude to the eerie irregularities of medieval chant. A distant trumpet calls over wisps of string colors that create a metaphorical haze. Another additive process layers one rhythmic phrase in successive sections in a hollow harmony, building to become the backdrop for a mighty chorale-like brass melody. It is a full moon on the hilltop of the third movement, beginning with an atmospheric piano cadenza and a beautiful, improvisatory clarinet solo. The mood is contemplative and calm, with undulating, sweetly dissonant harmonies. The flute, cello, and oboe are featured as soloists as well; muted strings, with a prominent celesta and harp timbre, add texture and shimmer to the otherworldly, moonlit ambiance. The end of the movement presents the song of a nightingale, in the first canonical example of the use of pre-recorded sound in classical music. Military topoi permeate the final movement, which imagines the Appian Way as a site of past Roman victory. Out of the dawn, footsteps tread and come to evoke “bygone glories”: the sound of the trumpets accompanies the army on its way to the Capitol. The undulating melody played by the English horn can be seen as a case of ancient self-exoticism – the classical past as an estranged foreign culture. Fanfares emerge out of this murky deep to layer into a triumphant and brilliant ending, with emphatic timpani driving the orchestral “army” inevitably forward. Mar 2015 CSO program.indd 11 3/10/15 8:25 PM Did you know... 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Mar 2015 CSO program.indd 12 BrooklineBank.com Member FDIC | Member DIF 3/10/15 8:25 PM y PIANO CONCERTO NO. 2 IN B-FLAT MAJOR Johannes Brahms’ imposing, richly complex Second Piano Concerto was composed in 1878-1881, and dedicated to Eduard Marxsen, one of Brahms’ first teachers; Brahms himself performed the work often as a soloist when he toured. Sandwiched between the Second and Third Symphonies and roughly contemporary with the Violin Concerto, the B-flat Piano Concerto, like these other orchestral works, shows Brahms stretching form and theme beyond conventional parameters of length and density. Unlike some other Romantic concerti whose reason for existing is based in showmanship and virtuosic star power, the concerto here rises to the highest level of symphonic accomplishment. The solo part is always beautifully integrated into the orchestra, blurring the line between soloist and accompaniment, and several times members of the orchestra (e.g. the French horn, the cello) are themselves brought to the metaphorical “front of the stage.” For each movement, the formal roots are clear. What is unique to Brahms is the motivic interpenetration and endless development (known as “developing variation”) that lead one formal block into the next and connect passages of music across long spans of time. The solo melody in the French horn that opens the first movement, for example, provides the motivic content that is developed over the course of the solo passages that follow as well as in the exuberant tutti sections. Contrast is often created between the skillful technical passages of piano figuration, which move entropically but confidently away from thematic coherence, and the melodic statements of the orchestra that bring back a sense of order. The use of a scherzo form for the second movement of a piano concerto is highly irregular, though obviously borrowed from four-movement symphonic form (piano concerti usually have three movements, while symphonies from Haydn onward have four, including a dance movement of a minuet and trio or, since Beethoven, a scherzo). Brahms’ minor-mode scherzo is heavy and agitated, with shifting rhythmic emphasis and dark colors, especially compared with the trio’s jollier major key and grand Baroque-style counterpoint. A beautiful, soulful cello solo in 6/4 time begins the Andante movement, the melody from which is subsequently decorated by the pianist in an almost accompanimental manner. Such passages have led many to observe a chamber-music-like sensibility in the concerto; this is fitting, given the slow movement’s gentle three-part form, its wealth of personal feeling, and Brahms’ passion for the contrapuntal intimacies of trios and quartets. Compared to the many moods of the first three movements, rich in intricate development and extended harmony, the Finale is a boisterous sonata-rondo that strikes a lighter tone, mostly through the use of Hungarian folk rhythms on which Brahms so often relied to create a sense of fun that was nonetheless serious in purpose. Ultimately, this work proves to be one of the grandest concerti ever created, seamlessly blending the technical demands of soloistic writing with the integrated heft of the symphonic form. EMILY RICHMOND POLLOCK com ber DIF Mar 2015 CSO program.indd 13 3/10/15 8:25 PM Contributors and Supporters The Cambridge Symphony Orchestra gratefully acknowledges our donors for the 2014-2015 season. Your gifts allow us to provide music to new audiences. 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Heller & B. Stoneman • Peri Strongwater • Patricia & Tom Walker • Chris Warshaw • Andrew Weigl • Jim Whipple^ • William Whitney • Coe & Paul Williams • David Wolfendale • Cynthia Woods • Christopher Woodsum • Mark Zegarelli • Alec Zimmer • Gail & William Zimmer • Anonymous (6) Mar 2015 CSO program.indd 14 3/10/15 8:25 PM ^Contributors to the Gertrude Spiller Fund. In 1975, Gertrude Spiller, along with Rachel Spiller and Harriet Fierman, founded the Little Orchestra of Cambridge, now called the Cambridge Symphony Orchestra. She served for many years as an oboist and as the president of the orchestra. The CSO has established a fund in her memory, earmarked for special projects that embody her spirit and demonstrate the purposes for which she started this orchestra: performing free concerts at schools and hospitals, commissioning new works by local composers, and transporting elders to concert sites. 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