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Research Article
Impact Factor: 4.226
Rahul B. Manchare, IJPRET, 2015; Volume 3 (9): 203-210
ISSN: 2319-507X
IJPRET
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PURE AND
APPLIED RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND
TECHNOLOGY
A PATH FOR HORIZING YOUR INNOVATIVE WORK
APPLICABILITY OF 4D CAD MODELING IN CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
RAHUL B. MANCHARE1, PROF. HEMANT H. SALUNKHE2
1. PG Student of Civil Engg. Dept, Dr. D.Y.Patil Institute of Engineering and Technology, Ambi, Pune, Maharashtra, INDIA.
2. Professor of civil Engg. Dept, Dr. D.Y.Patil Institute of Engineering and Technology,Ambi, Pune, Maharashtra, INDIA.
Accepted Date: 05/03/2015; Published Date: 01/05/2015
Abstract: Planning of construction activities is an important factor for development of
construction industry. There are various tools available for planning of regular projects but
complicated projects requires more accuracy in planning in order to save both time and
money. Contractors and suppliers try to finish the project within schedule time of
completion without any cost overruns. For that, they adopt various planning methodology.
Still there is a vast difference between planning and actual site execution. This is mainly due
to ineffective planning & visualization. Therefore, efficient visualization & planning of
construction activities is required for better cost control and avoid time overruns. 4D CAD
modeling is the better tool for visualization and planning of construction activities. In this
paper applicability of 4D CAD tool for planning, visualization, monitoring of various
important construction activities like RCC elements of frame structure and benefits of 4D
\
CAD modeling are studied.
Keywords: 4D CAD, Planning, Visualization
Corresponding Author: MR. RAHUL B. MANCHARE
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Rahul B. Manchare, IJPRET, 2015; Volume 3 (9): 203-210
Available Online at www.ijpret.com
203
Research Article
Impact Factor: 4.226
Rahul B. Manchare, IJPRET, 2015; Volume 3 (9): 203-210
ISSN: 2319-507X
IJPRET
INTRODUCTION
Any civil engineering project consists of number of activities for various construction items. By
integrating these activities in appropriate sequence and desired results are obtained. Sequence
of these various activities should be in such a manner that, it saves time, saves resources
applied, and minimizes wastage.
There are some traditional methods for planning of construction activities but, as the
complexities of the structure are increasing day by day and the results of these methods are
becoming ineffective. To overcome these problems advanced techniques are available, 4D CAD
modeling is one of them, in which the 3D model is linked with the construction activities. It
gives the informative graphical representation of the construction activities instead of
traditional methods like bar charts, Gantt chart. Using the 4D CAD tool, a construction planner
or an engineer can simulate the planned schedule of activities with 3D model of the building. It
helps planner as well as personnel working on that project to identify the clashes, interfering
problems and for finding out the different ways to improve the sequence of the activities.
II.OBJECTIVES
The main objectives of the study are as follows;
1. To study the importance 4D CAD modeling in the construction Industry.
To study the conditions in which 4D CAD model might be more useful in the construction
industry.
III.RELATED STUDIES
Ashwin Mahalingam et.al (2010) studied the evolution of applicability of 4D CAD on
construction projects. They addressed the need and contribution to understanding how 4D CAD
models must be introduced, positioned and implemented on construction site [3]. Jan Tulke,
et.al. Shows the solution for creating time scheduled and 4D schedule based on the data stored
in the building model [7]. Atul Khanzode et.al.(2007) studied the issues with 3D and 4D
modeling for design and construction co-ordination [4].
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Research Article
Impact Factor: 4.226
Rahul B. Manchare, IJPRET, 2015; Volume 3 (9): 203-210
ISSN: 2319-507X
IJPRET
Figure 1. 4D Simulation Process
3.1 Benefits of 4D CAD modeling in construction projects.
1. 4D CAD model gives the better visualization to the personnel’s working on that project.
2. It assists with the co-ordination of contractor’s schedule of activities.
3. For better communication with different stakeholders.
4. It helps to identify constructability issues prior to construction.
5. It helps to sequencing the different construction activities.
6. It helps to shows the status and progress of construction activities at any time in the project.
7. It helps for better controlling and monitoring of the project.
8. It helps to planners for better planning the various construction activities.
IV.RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The research methodology is divided into two important phases includes literature survey and
development of models. The first phase includes the study of various research papers, National
International project management journals, various books and some of the concepts learned
from various websites, from these literature reviews the concept & the procedure of
development of 4D CAD model is understood.
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Research Article
Impact Factor: 4.226
Rahul B. Manchare, IJPRET, 2015; Volume 3 (9): 203-210
ISSN: 2319-507X
IJPRET
In the second stage, two different 4D CAD models are developed for RCC frame structure. First
model is of a small bungalow and another of a G+6 residential apartment building. Conclusions
will be evaluated on the basis of worthiness, for the time required to develop the 4D CAD
model of different structures on the level of its difficulty and its use on actual site.
A. Procedure for developing 4D CAD model
Development of 4D CAD model is nothing but attaching the construction schedule to the 3D
geometrical model, both created by using various software tools. In this study the software
tools used for creating model are, Auto CAD, Google Sketchup, MS project and Autodesk
Naviswork manage.
Auto CAD is used for creating 2D drawings. Then 2D drawing is imported into the google
sketchup for creating 3D model. Schedule of construction activities are created by using
Microsoft project and finally construction schedule is linked to the 3D model with the help of
Autodesk Naviswork manage.
Figure 2. Relation between CAD Model &Schedule task
B. Models
Model 1:
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Research Article
Impact Factor: 4.226
Rahul B. Manchare, IJPRET, 2015; Volume 3 (9): 203-210
ISSN: 2319-507X
IJPRET
The first model is the construction of single floor small bungalow at Pune. In which the RCC
frame work is taken into consideration. The different stages in development of model are
shown in the figure no.3. For development of the model 3 working days are utilized.
Construction Schedule
3D Model
4D Model
Figure 3. 3D Model, Construction Schedule & 4D CAD models for Bungalow
Model 2:
The second model is the construction of residential buildings of G+6. There are three 2BHK flats
on each floor. The building consists of parking at ground floor, overhead water tank and lift. The
RCC framework is taken into consideration for developing 4D model. i.e., beams, columns, and
slab at each floor. The construction schedule is made with the help of Planning Engineer on that
project. Total 8 working days are utilized for development of model from 2D to 4D. 4D model
and its various construction stages are shown in the figure no. 4.
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Impact Factor: 4.226
Rahul B. Manchare, IJPRET, 2015; Volume 3 (9): 203-210
3D Model
ISSN: 2319-507X
IJPRET
Construction Schedule
4D Model
Stages of Construction
Figure 4. 3D Model, Construction Schedule, 4D CAD models & various construction stages for
Residential building.
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Research Article
Impact Factor: 4.226
Rahul B. Manchare, IJPRET, 2015; Volume 3 (9): 203-210
ISSN: 2319-507X
IJPRET
V.CONCLUSION
After studying above cases of the 4D CAD model of small bungalow and residential building, it is
observed that it offers better visualization to the construction planner as well as to all the
working personnel on the project, so that they can achieve their desire goals with proper
planning & using optimum resources.
From the above study it can be concluded that, the time required for the 4D CAD modeling and
its post processing is worth for a large scale project and not for a small project such as
bungalow. For small scale project conventional methods are still more efficient. Having stated
that, 4D CAD model can save valuable resources such as time and money for a project having
considerable difficulty and complexity.
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Research Article
Impact Factor: 4.226
Rahul B. Manchare, IJPRET, 2015; Volume 3 (9): 203-210
ISSN: 2319-507X
IJPRET
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