Chapter 25a – Niphal Weak
III-‫ א‬Verbs: Diagnostics and Paradigms
Perfect
Imperfect Imperative
Infinitive
Construct
Infinitive
Absolute
Participle
‫נִמְצָא‬
‫הִ ּ ָמצֵא יִ ּ ָמצֵא‬
‫נִמְצָא‬
‫הִמָּצֵא יִמָּצֵא‬
‫הִמּ<צְאִי תִּמָּצֵא נִמְצְאָה‬
ָ‫את‬.ֵ‫נִמְצ‬
‫הִמּ<צְאוּ תִּמָּצֵא‬
‫ֶאנָה תִּמּ<צְאִי נִמְצֵאת‬.‫הִמָּצ‬
‫ֵאתִי‬.‫נִמְצ‬
‫אֶמָּצֵא‬
‫יִמּ<צְאוּ נִמְצְאוּ‬
‫ֶאנָה נִמְצֵאתֶם‬.‫תִּמָּצ‬
‫תִּמּ<צְאוּ נִמְצֵאתֶן‬
‫ֵאנוּ‬.‫ֶאנָה נִמְצ‬.‫תִּ ָמּצ‬
‫נִמָּצֵא‬
‫הִ ּ ָמצֵא‬
‫הִמָּצֵא‬
‫נִמְצוֹא‬
‫נִמְצוֹא‬
‫נִמְצָא‬
‫נִמְצָא‬
‫נִמְצָאָה‬
‫נִמְצָאִים‬
‫נִמְצָאוֹת‬
‫א‬
Basics of Biblical Hebrew
© Gary D. Pratico and Miles V. Van Pelt
‫‪Chapter 25b – Niphal Weak‬‬
‫‪ Verbs: Diagnostics and Paradigms‬ה‪III-‬‬
‫‪Participle‬‬
‫‪Infinitive‬‬
‫‪Absolute‬‬
‫‪Infinitive‬‬
‫‪Construct‬‬
‫נִבְנ ֶה‬
‫נִבְנֹה‬
‫הִבָּנ ֵה‬
‫נִבְנֹה‬
‫הִבָּנֵה‬
‫נִבְנֶה‬
‫נִבְנָה‬
‫נִבְנִים‬
‫נִבְנוֹת‬
‫‪Imperfect Imperative‬‬
‫הִבָּנוֹת‬
‫הִבָּנ ֵה‬
‫יִבָּנ ֶה‬
‫הִבָּנוֹת‬
‫הִבָּנֵה‬
‫הִבָּנִי‬
‫הִבָּנוּ‬
‫הִבָּנֶ‪.‬ינָה‬
‫יִבָּנֶה‬
‫תִּבָּנֶה‬
‫תִּבָּנֶה‬
‫תִּבָּנִי‬
‫אֶבָּנֶה‬
‫יִבָּנוּ‬
‫תִּבָּנֶ‪.‬ינָה‬
‫תִּבָּנוּ‬
‫תִּבָּנֶ‪.‬ינָה‬
‫נִבָּנֶה‬
‫‪Perfect‬‬
‫נִבְנ ָה‬
‫נִבְנ ֵ>יתָ‬
‫נִבְנָה‬
‫נִבְנְתָה‬
‫נִבְנֵ‪.‬יתָ‬
‫נִבְנֵית‬
‫נִבְנֵ‪.‬יתִי‬
‫נִבְנוּ‬
‫נִבְנֵיתֶם‬
‫נִבְנֵיתֶן‬
‫נִבְנֵ‪.‬ינוּ‬
‫‪Basics of Biblical Hebrew‬‬
‫‪© Gary D. Pratico and Miles V. Van Pelt‬‬
‫א‬
Chapter 25c – Niphal Weak
Diagnostic Endings for III-‫ ה‬Verbs in All Stems
Conjugation
Perfect (3ms)
Imperfect
Imperative (ms)
Infinitive Construct
Participle (ms)
‫א‬
Basics of Biblical Hebrew
© Gary D. Pratico and Miles V. Van Pelt
Ending
‫בָה‬
‫בֶה‬
‫בֵה‬
‫בוֹת‬
‫בֶה‬
‫‪Chapter 25d – Niphal Weak‬‬
‫‪I-Guttural Verbs: Diagnostics and Paradigms‬‬
‫‪Participle‬‬
‫‪Infinitive‬‬
‫‪Absolute‬‬
‫‪Infinitive‬‬
‫‪Construct‬‬
‫נֶעֱזָב‬
‫נַעֲזוֹב‬
‫הֵעָזוֹב‬
‫נַעֲזוֹב‬
‫הֵעָזוֹב‬
‫הֵעָזֵב‬
‫הֵעָזֵב‬
‫הֵעָזֵב‬
‫נֶעֱזַב‬
‫יֵעָזֵב‬
‫הֵעָזֵב‬
‫נֶעֶזְבָה‬
‫הֵע<זְבִי תֵּעָזֵב‬
‫נֶעֱזַ>בְתָּ‬
‫הֵע<זְבוּ תֵּעָזֵב‬
‫הֵעָזַ>בְנָה תֵּע<זְבִי נֶעֱזַבְתְּ‬
‫נֶעֱזַ>בְתִּי‬
‫אֵעָזֵב‬
‫נֶעֶזְבוּ‬
‫יֵע<זְבוּ‬
‫תֵּעָזַ>בְנָה נֶעֱזַבְתֶּם‬
‫תֵּע<זְבוּ נֶעֱזַבְתֶּן‬
‫תֵּעָ >זַבְנָה נֶעֱזַ>בְנוּ‬
‫נֵעָזֵב‬
‫נֶעֱזָב‬
‫נֶעֱזֶ>בֶת‬
‫נֶעֱזָבִים‬
‫נֶעֱזָבוֹת‬
‫‪Imperfect Imperative‬‬
‫יֵעָזֵב‬
‫‪Perfect‬‬
‫נֶעֱז ַב‬
‫‪Basics of Biblical Hebrew‬‬
‫‪© Gary D. Pratico and Miles V. Van Pelt‬‬
‫א‬
Chapter 25e – Niphal Weak
The Nun of the Niphal in I-Guttural Perfects and Participles
In the Perfect, Participle and one form of the
Infinitive Absolute of I-Guttural verbs, the
Nun of the Niphal is written.
Perfect 3ms
Participle ms
Infinitive Absolute
‫א‬
Basics of Biblical Hebrew
© Gary D. Pratico and Miles V. Van Pelt
‫נֶעֱזַב‬
‫נֶעֱזָב‬
‫נַעֲזוֹב‬
Chapter 25f – Niphal Weak
The Nun of the Niphal in I-Guttural Imperfects,
Imperatives and Infinitives
In the Imperfect, Imperative, Infinitive
Construct and one form of the Infinitive
Absolute, the Nun of the Niphal is rejected by
the guttural in first root position with resulting
compensatory lengthening.
Imperfect 3ms
Imperative ms
Infinitive Construct
Infinitive Absolute
‫א‬
Basics of Biblical Hebrew
© Gary D. Pratico and Miles V. Van Pelt
‫יֵעָזֵב‬
‫הֵעָזֵב‬
‫הֵעָזֵב‬
‫הֵעָזוֹב‬
Chapter 25g – Niphal Weak
I-‫ נ‬Verbs: Diagnostics and Paradigms
Perfect
‫נִ ַצ ּל‬
Imperfect Imperative
Infinitive
Construct
Infinitive
Absolute
Participle
‫הִנָּצֵל‬
‫נִצ ּוֹל‬
‫הִנָּצֵל‬
‫נִצּוֹל‬
‫נִ ָצ ּל‬
‫יִנָּצֵל‬
‫הִנָּצֵל‬
‫הִנָּצֵל‬
‫נִצַּל‬
‫יִנָּצֵל‬
‫נִצְּלָה‬
‫תִּנָּצֵל‬
ָ‫לְתּ‬.ַ‫נִצּ‬
‫תִּנָּצֵל‬
ְ‫תִּנּ<צְלִי נִצַּלְתּ‬
‫לְתִּי‬.ַ‫נִצּ‬
‫אֶנָּצֵל‬
‫נִצְּלוּ‬
‫יִנּ<צְלוּ‬
‫לְנָה נִצַּלְתֶּם‬.‫תִּנָּ ַצ‬
‫תִּנּ<צְלוּ נִצַּלְתֶּן‬
‫לְנוּ‬.‫לְנָה נִ ַצּ‬.‫תִּנָּ ַצ‬
‫נִנָּצֵל‬
‫הִנָּצֵל‬
‫הִנּ<צְלִי‬
‫הִנּ<צְלוּ‬
‫לְנָה‬.‫הִנָּ ַצ‬
‫הִנָּצֵל‬
‫א‬
Basics of Biblical Hebrew
© Gary D. Pratico and Miles V. Van Pelt
‫נִצָּל‬
‫לֶת‬.‫נִ ֶצּ‬
‫נִצָּלִים‬
‫נִצָּלוֹת‬
Chapter 25h – Niphal Weak
Understanding the Daghesh Forte in Niphal I-‫ נ‬Verbs
‫נָצַל‬
Forms with assimilated first root consonant
Perfect 3ms
Infinitive Absolute
Participle ms
‫נִצַל‬
‫נִצוֹל‬
‫נִצָל‬
Forms with assimilated Nun of the Niphal
Imperfect 3ms
Imperative ms
Infinitive Construct
Infinitive Absolute
‫א‬
Basics of Biblical Hebrew
© Gary D. Pratico and Miles V. Van Pelt
‫יִנָצֵל‬
‫הִנָצֵל‬
‫הִנָצֵל‬
‫הִנָצֵל‬
Chapter 25i – Niphal Weak
I-‫ י‬Verbs: Diagnostics and Paradigms
Perfect
Imperfect Imperative
Infinitive
Construct
‫נוֹשַׁב‬
‫ִיוָּשֵׁב‬
‫הִוָּשֵׁב‬
‫נוֹשַׁב‬
‫יִוָּשֵׁב‬
‫הִוָּשֵׁב‬
‫נוֹשְׁבָה‬
‫הִוּ<שְׁבִי תִּוָּשֵׁב‬
ָ‫בְתּ‬.‫שׁ‬
ַ ‫נוֹ‬
‫הִוּ<שְׁבוּ תִּוָּשֵׁב‬
ְ‫בְנָה תִּוּ<שְׁבִי נוֹשַׁבְתּ‬.‫שׁ‬
ַ ָ‫הִוּ‬
‫בְתִּי‬.‫שׁ‬
ַ ‫נוֹ‬
‫אִוָּשֵׁב‬
‫יִוּ<שְׁבוּ נוֹשְׁבוּ‬
‫בְנָה נוֹשַׁבְתֶּם‬.‫שׁ‬
ַ ָ‫תִּוּ‬
‫תִּוּ<שְׁבוּ נוֹשַׁבְתֶּן‬
‫בְנוּ‬.ַ‫שׁבְנָה נוֹשׁ‬
.ַ ָ‫תִּוּ‬
‫נִוָּשֵׁב‬
‫הִוָּשֵׁב‬
‫הִוָּשֵׁב‬
‫א‬
Basics of Biblical Hebrew
© Gary D. Pratico and Miles V. Van Pelt
Infinitive
Absolute
Participle
‫נוֹשָׁב‬
‫נוֹשָׁב‬
‫בֶת‬.‫שׁ‬
ֶ ‫נוֹ‬
‫נוֹשָׁבִים‬
‫נוֹשָׁבוֹת‬
Chapter 25j – Niphal Weak
Recognizing Niphal I-‫ י‬Verbs in the Perfect and Participle
Most of the verbs that we identify as I-‫י‬
were originally I-‫( ו‬Waw).
Perfect 3ms
Participle ms
‫נוֹשַׁב‬
‫נוֹשָׁב‬
The Nun is the Nun of the Niphal (‫)נ‬.
The original Waw appears as Holem Waw (‫)וֹ‬.
‫א‬
Basics of Biblical Hebrew
© Gary D. Pratico and Miles V. Van Pelt
Chapter 25k – Niphal Weak
Recognizing Niphal I-‫ י‬Verbs in the Imperfect,
Imperative and Infinitive Construct
Most of the verbs that we identify as I-‫י‬
were originally I-‫( ו‬Waw).
Imperfect 3ms
Imperative ms
Infinitive Construct
‫יִוָּשֵׁב‬
‫הִוָּשֵׁב‬
‫הִוָּשֵׁב‬
The Waw with the Daghesh Forte (‫ )וּ‬is
the original Waw with the assimilated
Nun of the Niphal stem.
‫א‬
Basics of Biblical Hebrew
© Gary D. Pratico and Miles V. Van Pelt
Chapter 25l – Niphal Weak
Summary of Niphal Diagnostics: Strong and Weak
Perfect Imperfect Imperative Infinitive
Construct
Infinitive Participle
Absolute
Strong
‫נְִקטַל‬
‫יִ קָּטֵל‬
‫הִ קָּטֵל‬
‫הִ קָּטֵל‬
‫נְִקטוֹל‬
‫הִקָּטוֹל‬
‫נְִקטָל‬
I-Gutt
‫נֶעֱז ַב‬
‫יֵעָזֵב‬
‫הֵעָזֵב‬
‫הֵעָזֵב‬
‫נַעֲזוֹב‬
‫הֵעָזוֹב‬
‫נֶעֱזָב‬
III-‫א‬
‫נִמְצָא‬
‫יִ ּ ָמצֵא‬
‫הִ ּ ָמצֵא‬
‫הִ ּ ָמצֵא‬
‫נִמְצוֹא‬
‫נִמְצָא‬
III-‫ה‬
‫נִבְנ ָה‬
ָ‫נִבְנ ֵ>ית‬
‫יִבָּנ ֶה‬
‫הִבָּנ ֵה‬
‫הִבָּנוֹת‬
‫נִבְנֹה‬
‫הִבָּנ ֵה‬
‫נִבְנ ֶה‬
I-‫נ‬
‫נִ ַצ ּל‬
‫יִנָּצֵל‬
‫הִנָּצֵל‬
‫הִנָּצֵל‬
‫הִנָּצֵל‬
‫נִצ ּוֹל‬
‫נִ ָצ ּל‬
I-‫י‬
‫נוֹשַׁב‬
‫ִיוָּשֵׁב‬
‫הִוָּשֵׁב‬
‫הִוָּשֵׁב‬
‫א‬
Basics of Biblical Hebrew
© Gary D. Pratico and Miles V. Van Pelt
‫נוֹשָׁב‬