Malachi 3:1-4
(3:1)
‫“ = פנה‬turn”, Piel “turn away, put out of the way” under BDB 815a. Arb fani(y)
“pass away, banish”. Sab πνη. Akk pânu “face”. Ph ‫פנם‬.
‫“ = פִתְ א ֹם‬suddenness, suddenly” under BDB 837a. Rare. From ‫ פתע‬with ‫ ם‬and ‫ע‬
weakens. Root ‫“ = פתע‬suddenness”.
‫ = בקשׁ‬Piel “seek” under BDB 134b. Ph ‫בקש‬.
‫“ = ָחפֵץ‬delight in” under BDB 342b. Arb ḥapiẓa “be mindful of, attentive to, keep,
protect”. Ph in PN ‫חפצבעל‬.
1
‫ צבאות‬...‫ומלאְך‬
(3:2)
‫ = כול‬Hiphil “contain, hold, hold in, endure” under BDB 465a. Note unusual Pilpel
form.
2
‫־הוא‬
‫ – בהֵראותו‬Note form ‫ ראה‬Hiphil infinitive construct + 3ms suffix.
‫“ = צרף‬smelt, refine, test” under BDB 864a. Ph ‫“ מצרף‬smelter”. Akk ṣurrupu
“refined”. Arb ṣirfu(n) “pure, unmixed (especially of wine)”.
‫“ = ב ִֹרית‬lye, alkali, potash, soap” under BDB 141a. Very rare. Root ‫“ = ברר‬purify,
select”.
‫“ = כבס‬tread, wash” under BDB 460a. Ph ‫כבס‬. Akk kabāsu “tread (down),
subjugate”.
(3:3)
1
2
“Probably added”. Oh? Why?
“Septuagint adds εισπορευεται = ‫ בָא‬so ‘came/comes’”.
3
‫וישׁב‬
‫“ = טהר‬be clean, pure” under BDB 372a. Arb ṭahara. Arm ‫“ = ְטהַר‬emptiness”. Sab
‫טהר‬.
‫ זקק‬I = “refine, purify”, Pual “refined” under BDB 279a. Arm ‫זְקַק‬. Akk zaqiqu
“wind”. Arm ‫“ זִי ָקּא‬violent wind, violent rain, with whirlwind”.
‫ = נגשׁ‬Niphal “draw near” under BDB 620b, 621a.
‫“ = ִמנְחָה‬gift, tribute, offering” under BDB 585a.
(3:4)
‫ ערב‬III = “be sweet, pleasing” under BDB 787a.
‫“ = קַדְ מֹנִי‬former, eastern” under BDB 870b. Root ‫“ = קדם‬be before, in front”.
3
“Probably added” (also ‫ ערבה‬verse 4).